tour of mcmurdo station

McMurdo Station

The largest research facility in Antarctica, McMurdo Station is an American scientific base located on Ross Island

Region: Antarctica

Destinations: Ross Sea

McMurdo Station size and population

Built in 1955, McMurdo Station is the largest scientific research facility in Antarctica. It can support more than 1,200 people during the Southern Hemisphere summer, but in winter that population goes down to about 200 people.

The size of McMurdo Station can make it feel more like a village than a base. There are about 85 buildings that make up McMurdo Station, including hostels, a chapel, fire station, powerplant, harbor, and three airfields. From 1961 to 1972, there was even a nuclear reactor at McMurdo Station.

The science behind McMurdo Station

McMurdo Station’s primary purpose is scientific research. It is operated by the United States Antarctic Program, and its personnel conduct research into such fields as climatology, biology, geology, glaciology, and atmospheric studies, among others.

McMurdo Station’s Antarctic surroundings

Ross Island , where McMurdo Station is located, was discovered in 1840 by James Clark Ross. The island is home to two famous volcanos, Mount Erebus and Mount Terror, and is also where Ernest Shackleton and Robert Falcon Scott built wintering huts. Shackleton’s hut is on Cape Royds , and Scott’s is on Cape Evans . We visit both huts during our expeditions.

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McMurdo Station (77°51'S, 166°40'E), the main U.S. station in Antarctica, is a coastal station at the southern tip of Ross Island, about 3,864 km (2,415 miles) south of Christchurch, New Zealand, and 1,360 km (850 miles) north of the South Pole. The original station was built in 1955 to 1956 for the International Geophysical Year. Today's station is the primary logistics facility for supply of inland stations and remote field camps, and is also the waste management center for much of the U.S. Antarctic Program. Year-round and summer science projects are supported at McMurdo.

The station has a harbor, landing strips on the ice shelf and a helicopter pad. The two airfields-Phoenix and Williams Field Skiway-are used by different aircraft. Repair facilities, dormitories, administrative buildings, a firehouse, power plant, water distillation plant, wharf, stores, clubs, warehouses, a science support center, and the first-class, 4,320 square-meter Crary Lab are linked by above-ground water, sewer, telephone, and power lines.

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The mean annual temperature is -18°C (0°F). Temperatures may reach 8°C (46°F) in summer and -50°C (-58°F) in winter. The average wind is 12 knots, but winds have exceeded 100 knots.

Research in multiple fields is performed at and near McMurdo Station, including Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences , Earth Sciences , Glaciology , Integrated System Science , Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences , and Organisms and Ecosystems . Participants of the Antarctic Artists and Writers Program also work at sites in the area. For information about projects supported at McMurdo Station--and based from McMurdo, such as deep field projects in East and West Antarctica--see the USAP Science Planning Summaries on the Science Support page . Historical information on previous seasons can be found at the Science Planning Summaries Archives .

To find out more about life at U.S. Antarctic research stations, see the Around the Continent section of The Antarctic Sun .

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McMurdo Station

Everyone is a visitor in Antarctica—no one lives there permanently—but there’s always a shifting crew of scientists around doing research. That’s because the continent, with its icy oceans, frigid temperatures, and unusual biology and geology, is like nowhere else on earth. For many scientists, their first (and sometimes only) stop is McMurdo Station, Antarctica’s largest research and logistical hub, run by the United States Antarctic Program (USAP) .

Mac Town, as it’s informally known, sits solidly on volcanic rock at the southernmost point in Antarctica accessible by ship. Over a hundred years ago, British explorer Robert Scott built Discovery Hut close to the spot where Mac Town now stands (the hut and much of its original contents are still there). Later, in the fifties, McMurdo was a Naval Air Force facility. It wasn’t until the International 1957–58 Geophysical Year , a cooperative earth science research effort, that McMurdo became what it is today: a hub of scientific activity, sustained by a large crew of support staff including mechanics, cooks, computer technicians, and more. The support crew is crucial; it keeps the station running smoothly and the visitors safe.

With a transient population of more than 1,000 people in summer (about 250 in winter) and about a hundred buildings, McMurdo Station offers many of the amenities you’d expect to find in any big town. There’s a post office, coffeehouse, radio and TV stations, gym, barbershop, stores, three bars, power and water distillation plants, and more. Most supplies are shipped and flown in during the summer. A hydroponic greenhouse supplies the station with some locally grown vegetables, but otherwise fresh food is rare.

While life at McMurdo is much safer than it was for early Antarctic explorers, it’s still a perilous place. When visitors arrive in Mac Town, they have to take a full-day safety class before they can step off solid ground onto the sea ice. Besides the obvious dangers—severe weather or unseen crevasses in the ice—there are less obvious ones. Fire and a scarcity of water are ever-present threats.

McMurdo relies on distilled seawater for its water supply; it has the only large-production saltwater distillation plant on the continent. But sometimes, particularly in summer, mechanical or other problems curb production, and supply can’t keep up with demand. Water conservation is a constant in Mac Town. With water in tight supply, a fire can be extremely dangerous. (You’d think snow would solve the problem, but using snow blowers to fight fires doesn’t seem to work: The snow is too powdery and easily blown off course.)

Though Antarctica is a huge outdoor laboratory that attracts a slew of scientists, it also draws people in the arts. The National Science Foundation , which supports much of the scientific research, has an Antarctic Artists and Writers program; it brought science fiction writer Kim Stanley Robinson and musician Henry Kaiser, for example, to the McMurdo area. The program’s goal: to increase people’s understanding of the continent, and to record America’s Antarctic legacy.

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McMurdo Station

Visit the McMurdo Station webcam . Read recent reports from McMurdo Station , published in the Antarctic Sun .

McMurdo Station, located at 77 degrees 51 minutes S, 166 degrees 40 minutes E, is the largest Antarctic station. McMurdo is built on the bare volcanic rock of Hut Point Peninsula on Ross Island, the solid ground farthest south that is accessible by ship.

The station was established in December 1955. It is the logistics hub of the U.S. Antarctic Program, with a harbor, landing strips on sea ice and shelf ice, and a helicopter pad. Its 85 or so buildings range in size from a small radio shack to large, three-story structures. Repair facilities, dormitories, administrative buildings, a firehouse, power plant, water distillation plant, wharf, stores, clubs, warehouses, and the first class Crary Lab are linked by above-ground water, sewer, telephone, and power lines.

NSF chalet and the Admiral Byrd Memorial. (NSF photo by Brien Barnett)

Recorded temperature extremes have been as low as minus 50 degrees Centigrade and as high as plus 8 degrees Centigrade. Annual mean is minus 18 degrees Centigrade; monthly mean temperatures range from minus 3 degrees Centigrade in January to minus 28 degrees Centigrade in August.

Drifting snow can accumulate about 1.5 meters per year, although the station becomes snow-free in summer. Average wind is about 5.1 meters per second; a gust of 52 meters per second was recorded in July 1968.

Scientific research is performed at and near McMurdo in aeronomy, astrophysics and geospace sciences, biology and ecosystems, geology and geophysics, glaciology, geomorphology, ice cores, and ocean and climate systems. Participants of the Antarctic Artists and Writers Program also work at sites near McMurdo Station.

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News from the Columbia Climate School

The Journey to Antarctica and a Week in McMurdo Station

By Jennifer Lamp

This blog post was originally drafted on November 30, but couldn’t be posted until now because the Antarctic fieldwork site lacked an internet connection. Learn more about the project here .

McMurdo Station, located on Ross Island, is one of three US Antarctic research stations, and is the largest in Antarctica. It is capable of housing more than 1,200 support staff and scientists, although for the past few years the station population during the summer season has been closer to 850. McMurdo will provide logistical support for our work, and serve as the jumping off point for our campsite in Beacon Valley, which is located about 50 minutes away by helicopter.

The beginning of the 2018-2019 Antarctic season and official opening of McMurdo Station for science projects was delayed for about 2 weeks due to an unfortunate stretch of bad weather in early October. This delay contributed to an expedited trip through Christchurch, New Zealand for our team. Normally the transit through Christchurch is a two-day process: we pick up our extreme cold weather clothing at the Clothing Distribution Center the day after arriving in New Zealand, and, weather permitting, board a flight for McMurdo the next morning. This year we had to pick up and try on our clothing, do security checks on our laptops, and then board our flight to Antarctica after lunch on the same day. Our time at the Clothing Distribution Center was a whirlwind, but due to a last-minute maintenance delay, we managed to find a few minutes to wander around the nearby International Antarctic Centre . Kate and I even had enough time to enjoy one last flat white coffee in Christchurch.

We boarded a C-17 Globemaster and took off around 6:00 p.m. local time, bound for McMurdo with a crew based out of McChord Air Force Base in Washington. We shared the plane with a Kiwi helicopter being transported to New Zealand’s Scott Base, located 1.5 miles from McMurdo Station. We landed in Antarctica on the compacted snow runway at Phoenix Airfield around 11:30 p.m., then rode for about an hour to McMurdo Station. At McMurdo we received our dorm room keys and found out we had to be at a science in-brief at 7:30 in the morning. Exhausted, we finally crawled into bed around 2:00 a.m.

Each team is assigned an event number for identification. We’re G-055; the “G” means we’re part of the USAP Antarctic Earth Sciences program (but it probably used to stand for “Geology”). McMurdo has been a deluge of trainings, meetings, packing, and equipment testing for the G-055 crew. Because we’re establishing our own standalone camp without field safety personnel, we had to complete a relatively new Dry Valleys “shakedown” training during which we set up our tents, tested our camping gear, and spent the night near McMurdo. We’ve also had general Antarctic field safety training, harassment training (technically anti-harassment training), environmental training, light vehicle training to drive the pickup trucks around station, and helicopter sling rigging training. We’ve picked up and tested our communications equipment (Iridium satellite phones, VHF radios, and a HF radio), planned our field meals and packed our food, examined, packed, and weighed our camp gear, and tested all of our science equipment to make sure it survived the lengthy trip down to Antarctica. The nonstop schedule in addition to the jet lag and adrenaline means that we haven’t been sleeping very well, but the good news is that all of our science gear made it to Antarctica unscathed!

Amongst the grind, we have been able to enjoy ourselves and take in some of the sights around the station. The work week at McMurdo is normally Monday-Saturday, but the station celebrated Thanksgiving with a 2-day holiday beginning the day after we arrived (Saturday, Nov. 24th). That night, McMurdo held its annual Thanksgiving holiday dinner—a wonderfully gluttonous way to kick off our field season. The three of us joined a tour of the sea ice pressure ridges near Scott Base where we were greeted by views of Mt. Erebus, the southernmost active volcano and one of only a few on Earth with a persistent lava lake, and sunbathing Weddell seals. We visited the Scott Base store to pick up souvenirs, and walked out to Hut Point where Robert Falcon Scott’s Discovery Hut still stands from the 1901-1904 British Discovery Expedition. Missy and I also descended the Ob Tube, a narrow metal tube with a window that extends under the sea ice in front of McMurdo, where you can watch for passing sea life and listen to the (seriously out of this world) sounds of seal calls.

We were originally hoping to depart for Beacon Valley on Nov. 30 but realized that with the Thanksgiving holiday and multitude of training sessions and meetings, we wouldn’t be finished with all of our McMurdo-based work in time. So, we’re now aiming for a Dec. 1 departure, which is incidentally also “Antarctica Day” and the 59th anniversary of the signing of the Antarctic Treaty. At the moment all of our gear is weighed, labelled, and staged at the helicopter pad. Altogether, we’ll have a camp put-in of about 3,600 pounds and will require at least 3 helicopters to deliver it all to the camp site. Tomorrow we have two flights scheduled to carry external slings (netting containing gear that hangs on a hook from the bottom of the helicopter) with all of our tents and heavy equipment, and a third one to carry us and internal cargo. We’ll all try to get a good night’s sleep now, as tomorrow is a big day!

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Thanks for the info

Thanks for the article written over two months ago. Have you spent all that time near the Dry Valleys? Maybe at one of the lakes there? I look forward to reading about your adventures.

I was fortunate enough to have visited there one day in Jan 1974 while stationed at McMurdo with USARP. There were a few dried-out, carcasses of a few ancient seals high up in the Valleys that were fascinating. Cheers!

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I visited The Ross Sea region of Antarctica on a semi-circumnavigation of the southern-most continent in partnership with  Oceanwide Expeditions . Of course, all opinions are my own.

Visiting McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

Updated March 2024 , Visiting McMurdo Sound, Antarctica was originally published in January 2021

Welcome to the Earth’s southernmost navigable body of water, McMurdo Sound. Via the Haskell Strait, the Ross Sea is connected to the largest ice shelf in Antarctica, the Ross Ice Shelf.

Few adventurers make it to McMurdo Sound and the Ross Sea, this is about as off the beaten path as you can get on planet Earth. Those that do will be rewarded with chances to view abundant wildlife, sit in the shadows of Mt. Erebus- Antarctica’s second tallest mountain, and visit the largest and remote US scientific research base at McMurdo Station. 

Start planning your Antarctica voyage:  The Antarctica Travel Guide

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A Place Of Extremes

McMurdo Sound is probably one of the world’s most inhospitable destinations. Downright frigid katabatic winds tumble down from the Transantarctic Mountains that lie at the fringe of the Antarctic Plateau.

These winds can bring the temperatures in McMurdo Sound to a blistering -51ºC. And let’s not forget that the circumpolar currents of the Southern Sea help to prevent the more temperate waters of the South Pacific and the South Atlantic Oceans from warming.

This severe weather and cold current combo guarantees that 90% of the shorelines typically at any given time are covered in fast ice. During the winter months of June, July, and August McMurdo sound is locked under about 3 meters of ice due to these extreme conditions. 

Check out  10 reasons why you should visit the Ross Sea  on your Antarctic adventure

First Discovery

McMurdo Sound was first discovered by Captain James Clark Ross in February of 1841 and named after Lieutenant Archibald McMurdo. Located in a strategic position, south of Antarctica and New Zealand, McMurdo Sound was visited often by Antarctic explorers.

Ernest Shackleton and Robert Scott would both go onto build bases along McMurdo Sound in the 20th century, using the icy stretch of water as a staging point for South Pole expeditions. 

McMurdo Sound Points Of Interest

Ross island.

McMurdo Station (USA)

Located on the southern tip of Ross Island, McMurdo Station is a United States Antarctic research station that is operated by the US Antarctic Program. It’s the largest human settlement in Antarctica with the ability to hold just over 1,250 people and is one of three year-round US Antarctic science facilities. 

Observation Hill

Observation hill sits atop the southernmost extremity of Ross Island, effectively separating McMurdo Station from Scott Base. Ob Hill, as the ‘locals’ call it, is a 230 meter high lava dome, offering great views across the Antarctic continent, thanks to the often clear skies around McMurdo Sound.

Atop Ob Hill, you’ll find a 9-foot-tall wooden cross erected in honor of the last members of Robert Falcon Scott’s party, whose bodies lie encased within the Ross Ice Shelf. 

Discovery Hut

Built in 1902 during the Discovery Expedition by Robert Falcon Scott, Discovery Hut sits prominently atop Hut Point, just 300 meters away from McMurdo Station. Commonly, Discovery Hut is confused with Scott’s Hut located not far away at Cape Evans, also built during the British Antarctic Expedition of 1910–1913, led by Robert Falcon Scott in 1911. Discovery Hut has been designated a historic monument. 

Discovery Hut would go on to be used throughout several expeditions that took place between 1902 and 1917. After Shackleton left the hut in 1917, it sat untouched until 1956 when US expeditions during Operation Deep Freeze dug it out from snow and ice. The cold helped to preserve Discovery Hut and its contents, though the seal meat left behind in their does not smell pleasant.  

Get a copy of Bradt’s Antarctica wildlife guidebook before you set off for Antarctica

Scott Base (New Zealand)

Scott Base is the New Zealand Antarctic research facility, located at Pram Point on Ross Island, just on the opposite side of Ob Hill from McMurdo Station. The base houses 85 people during the summer season and a paltry 10-14 in the winter. 

Scott’s Hut, Cape Evans

Located on the north shore of Cape Evans, toward the west of Ross Island sits Scott’s Terra Nova Hut. The hut was constructed in 1911, as Scott rejected the idea of reusing nearby Discovery Hut, a prefab construction, assembled in England before it made the journey down to Ross Island by ship. Significant effort was put into insulating Scott’s Hut, to make it warmer than Discovery, using layers of quilted seaweed and rubber ply. 

A cross sits prominently outside Scott’s Hut constructed in memory of the three members of Shackleton’s Ross Sea Party, who died not far from here. 

Similar to Discovery Hut, Scott’s Hut sat untouched until 1956 when it was rediscovered. Furthermore, Scott’s Hut is fairly well-preserved, owing to the fridge temperatures that plaque the area.

Mount Erebus

Mount Erebus is the second-tallest active volcano in Antarctica at a staggering 3,794 meters and the continent’s southernmost. Several expeditions have summited the volcano with an active lava lake at its apex. Mount Erebus is likely most famous as the site of the Mount Erebus Disaster when sightseeing flight Air New Zealand flight 901 in November 1979, killing all 237 passengers and 30 crew on board. 

Mount Terror, Mount Bird, & Mount Terra Nova

The three inactive volcanoes of Mount Terror, Mount Bird, and Mount Terra Nova rise from Ross Island in the shadows of Mount Erebus at 3,230 meters, 1,765 meters, and 2,130 meters respectively. 

Erebus Ice Tongue

The Erebus Ice Tongue is a seaward extension of Erebus Glaciers as it tumbles down off of Mount Erebus and into McMurdo Sound. The ice tongue juts 11 kilometers into McMurdo Sound from near Cape Evans on Ross Island. The calm waters protected by Cape Evans and Cape Royds help to preserve the Erebus Ice Tongue that was formed by the rapidly flowing glacier ice stream of Erebus Glacier. 

Cape Royds extends from the west of Ross Island into McMurdo Sound, named after Lieutenant Charles Royds. Shackleton’s Hut was constructed at Cape Royds in 1908. Flagstaff Point is Cape Royds’ southernmost point. 

Shackleton’s Hut

Built in 1908 during the Nimrod Expedition, 37 kilometers north of the previously built Discovery Hut located at Hut Point. 

Shackleton’s Hut was designated a historic site, and in 2008 the hut was fully restored to its conditions at the time Ernest Shackleton and his party left it. Interestingly in 2006 five crates of McKinlay and Co. whisky were found buried under the hut.

Looking for inspiration? Check out  10 reasons to visit Antarctica

Coastal McMurdo Sound

McMurdo Dry Valleys

Located west of McMurdo Sound, the McMurdo Dry Valleys are one of the strangest places on Earth. Victoria Valley, Wright Valley, and Taylor Valley are the three main valleys, with McKelvey, Belham, Barwick, Alanta, Stuiver, Wall, Virginia, Priscu, Pearse, Miers, Garwood, and Marshall Valleys all comprising the smaller valleys of the area. These snow-free* valleys are some of the driest places you’ll find on Earth.

The McMurdo Dry Valleys are in a unique location that allows for them to be so dry. The Transantarctic Mountains that back the valleys prevent seaward-flowing ice from spilling down from the East Antarctic Ice Sheet and onward into the Ross Sea. The Dry Valleys receive about 100 millimeters of precipitation (snow) per year, but it is typically evaporated almost instantly by the dry winds that plague this region.

Probably the most well-known and most fascinating feature of the McMurdo Dry Valleys is the Blood Waterfall that spews from the side of Taylor Glacier in Taylor Valley. 

*Usually snow-free. My friend  Darrell Day  was in Taylor Valley this past February of 2020 standing in a foot of snow in a place where it pretty much never snows. 

Read more about the  McMurdo Dry Valleys  and my experience there

McMurdo Ice Shelf

The McMurdo Ice Shelf is a portion of the Ross Ice Shelf, the largest ice shelf in Antarctica, bounded by Ross Island and McMurdo Sound to the north, Minna Bluff, White Island, and Black Island to the south, and the Transantarctic Mountains to the west. 

Franklin Island

Lying at the fringe of McMurdo Sound and Terranova Bay sits little Franklin Island, named after Arctic explorer Sir John Franklin and discovered by James Clark Ross in 1941. Franklin Island is the remnant of a shield volcano with its vent sunk off the east coast of the island. 

Franklin Island is home to a large Adelie penguin colony, whose rookery is towered over by the looming cliff named Bernacchi Head.

Read up more on  Franklin Island  and its famous Adelie colony

Drygalski Ice Tongue

Extending out from Scott the Scott Coast, just south of Zucchelli Station sit the Drygalski Ice Tongue stretching 70 kilometers into McMurdo Sound from David Glacier, located in the Prince Albert Mountains of Victoria Land. Named after German Professor Erich von Drygalski, a Prussian-born Antarctic explorer. The Drygalski Tongue is thought to be at least 4,000 years old. 

Terra Nova Bay

Zucchelli Station (Italy)

Zucchelli Station, named after Mario Zucchelli, who served as the director of activities for the ENEA-Unità Tecnica Antartitide as part of the National Antarctic Research Program (Italian Antarctic Program) for 16 years. It’s an Italian research facility, set at the edge of the Gerlache Inlet on the shores of Terra Nova Bay, just north of McMurdo Sound. Zucchelli Station is only open seasonally from October to February every year. 

Jang Bogo Station (South Korea)

Jang Bogo Station sits at the terminus of the Gerlache Inlet between Zucchelli and Gondwana Stations. It is a South Korean research station named after the eighth-century maritime ruler of Korea who controlled the Yellow Sea. Jang Bogo is a newer station, completed in 2014 with the capability to house 60 staff in summer and 15 in winter.

Gondwana Station (Germany)

Sitting just north of both Zucchelli Station and Jang Bogo Station along the Gerlache Inlet at the fringe of the Transantarctic Mountains sits Germany’s Gondwana Station. The station was built in 1983 and is operated by the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources. The base supports the GANOVEX (German Antarctic North Victoria Land Expedition) during expeditions.

How To Visit McMurdo Sound

Unless you score a job at one of the Antarctic Bases centered around McMurdo Sound (the odds are not in your favor), your most realistic option for visiting the Ross Sea is via a Ross Sea cruise.

Oceanwide Expeditions offers a  Ross Sea Crossing  (this is the actual trip I did) that takes you between New Zealand and Argentina on a semi-circumnavigation of the continent. Another advantage of this trip is that there are helicopters aboard the M/V Ortelius.

Heritage Expeditions offers a Ross Sea trip  that starts and ends in Bluff, New Zealand. Price-wise it’s roughly the same as Oceanwide’s Ross Sea Crossing. 

Have Any Questions About Visiting McMurdo Sound?

Ask in the comments section below. 

More posts from Antarctica:

McMurdo Dry Valleys: Visit Mars Without Leaving Earth

Off The Beaten Path New Zealand: Campbell Island

Antarctica Travel Guide

Franklin Island: Ice Glazed Volcanoes On The Fringe Of Antarctica

10 Reasons To Visit Antarctica

10 Reasons To Visit The Ross Sea

Sailing The Lemaire Channel

Preparing for Antarctica

I’m going to Antarctica!

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Sometimes referred to as ‘the heart of Antarctica’, the Ross Sea region is the last great unspoiled part of the world’s oceans. To date there has only been minimal exploitation, and to enter this region of Antarctica is a privilege, with only a few hundred people able to visit each year. The East Antarctic coastline is some of the most remote in the world and is locked under ice for most of the year. The rest of the time it is buffeted by strong katabatic winds coming off the polar ice cap. Wildlife is abundant during these brief summer months and includes Adélie and Emperor penguins, South Polar Skuas, Snow Petrels, Southern Fulmars and many more species of bird. Both whales and seals abound here at this time and can be found feeding in the rich waters around the ice edge. Sir James Clark Ross discovered the Ross Sea in 1841. Whales were hunted here in the 1920’s and more recently there has been some tooth fishing. The dynamic ecosystems that are unique to these regions are fragile and barely understood. It is a land of dramatic landscapes: photographers have attempted to capture it on film, artists to paint it, poets and writers to describe it. But to fully appreciate it, you must experience it yourself. Tours to Antarctica from New Zealand take you further south into the Continent than any sea route. Immediately to the west of the Ross Sea is a region known as East Antarctica, discovered by the French explorer Dumont d’Urville in 1840. It was mapped in detail much later by the Australian Antarctic Expedition of 1911 to 1913 led by Sir Douglas Mawson. The region is often referred to as the ‘Home of the Blizzard.’ It is in these two regions that the relics of the ‘heroic period’ of Antarctic exploration can be seen and experienced. There are 5 historic huts and many other historic sites that bring this period of Antarctic history alive in a way that the many journals and books written about them can’t. To visit Borchgrevink’s Hut at Cape Adare, Shackleton’s Hut at Cape Royds, Mawson's Huts at Cape Denison, Scott’s Huts at Cape Evans and Hut Point are truly unique experiences that brings this period of history to life.

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20 Things You Didn’t Know About Life at McMurdo Station, Antarctica

Life at McMurdo Station, Antarctica is a unique experience that many dream of being part of.

At least that’s how I felt. Getting to live and work in Antarctica was an amazing opportunity that despite its ups and downs, I would do all over again in a heartbeat.

In this article, take a peek inside McMurdo Station, the continent’s largest research facility and “city” to see what daily life working in Antarctica (“the ice”) is like.

1. There’s a Club for Short People of Antarctica (SPOA)

SPOA aka Short People of Antarctica is for anyone 5’2” and under.

Or, as the slogan states: 62″ and under, under 62° south .

There’s even a flag.

The story goes that the limit was put at 5’2″ because that was the height of the tallest person in the group of short friends who started the club.

I don’t mean to brag, but in the 2019-2020 summer season, I was verified the tallest of the shortest.

My medical paperwork, I kid you not, put me at 5’2.99.”

I thought the nurse was joking when she wrote that, and when I asked if she was serious, she just shrugged and walked me to the next exam.

UPDATE: my medical paperwork listed me as 5’3″ in 2021 so I guess I’m officially out of SPOA? :(

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2. You Can’t Visit McMurdo as a Tourist

While there are of course exceptions for special guests such as Anthony Bourdain or documentary crew, generally speaking, the only people staying in these research facilities are people paid to live in Antarctica (i.e. researchers and support staff).

3. Everyone Works 6 Days a Week

Life on the ice is no vacation.

If you want to check off living in Antarctica from your bucket list, you’ll have to be ready to work around 54 hours a week.

Read more about what life is like at McMurdo Station

4. You Might Have 3 Roommates

Most of the dorms are double occupancy rooms with a shared ensuite bathroom, but the largest dorm, Building 155, holds up to four people per room.

During summer, these rooms are usually filled to full capacity.

5. It’s Mostly Men and Mostly White

This probably doesn’t come as a shock, but it’s worth mentioning for those interested in life on the White Continent.

The men to women ratio is typically 70:30 with the majority of people down there being– surprise– white.

As an Asian American woman who had spent the prior seven years primarily around non-Americans while teaching English in Japan or working on cruise ships , it was fun talking with other women and BIPOC down there, swapping stories of what the experience was like for them.

I even remember seeing one of the few other Asians in the bar one night showing his peers that he could squat while flat-footed.

I busted out laughing and shouted to him “Asian squat!” as both he and I explained to our respective parties what that was.

Related: Life at the South Pole Station: Everything You Want to Know

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Michelle | Work + Travel (@wandereatwrite)

6. Women Wintering Over Have to Take a Pregnancy Test

Because the station doesn’t have the medical capabilities to properly care for pregnant women and there are no flights in or out of the ice during winter, every woman staying (“wintering over”) is required to take a pregnancy test before the last flight leaves.

Also in during the summer season, if you become pregnant you’ll need to go home.

And on that note…

7. There are Free Condoms Everywhere

Every main restroom and all of the ones in the bars have a container of free condoms to avoid the previously stated situation, as well as STDs.

8. Working in Antarctica Means You Get the Antarctica Service Medal

The Antarctica Service Medal is a military award issued by the U.S. Department of Defense for U.S. military personnel or civilians who either served or worked in research facilities or aboard vessels for at least 10 days in Antarctica south of 60 degrees latitude. 

This is probably the coolest souvenir and item I’ll ever own.

9. The Town Goes Dry When Provisions are Brought In

Provisions such as food and fuel are brought in once a year via ships between January and February known as vessel season, or simply “vessel.”

Various U.S. and New Zealand military entities also arrive in town during this time to assist in the efforts.

These few weeks are the busiest on station all year, the most populated, and tend to be a bit more rowdy due to the visitors who’ve spent weeks at sea.

As a result, the entire town goes dry with the bars closing and the store pausing sales on alcohol.

10. There are Weekly Alcohol Rations

To try to ensure that there’s enough alcohol to go around and no one abuses it (remember I said “try”), there’s a weekly limit on how much alcohol each individual can purchase from the McMurdo Store.

The limit might vary each season, but it looks a little something like one main purchase of either a single bottle of liquor or 12 beers, plus 6 beers or one lesser bottle of alcohol.

11. All Trash is Removed from the Continent– Even Poop

In accordance with the Antarctic Treaty , no waste can be left on the continent.

The international agreement was designed to protect the continent as much as possible from any human interference, which includes waste of all kinds.

Each type of waste is sorted, treated, stored, and then removed every year.

This includes food scraps, plastic, metal, recycling, and yes— even all the human waste generated from the scientists and support staff living in the research facilities.

12. There’s a Thing Called Pee Bottles

If you go for a hike or you work in a field camp or worksite with no toilet, you’ll need to bring what’s so delicately called a pee bottle.

These are designated— and yes, reused— plastic Nalgene bottles that are used to collect and store urine until you can dispose of it properly.

As per the Antarctic Treaty, not only are you not allowed to just pee in the snow or ice at your convenience, but it could be grounds to get you sent off the continent permanently.

Have people gotten away with it? Of course.

I know of a handful of people who forgot their bottle and just had to answer nature’s call.

But in order to protect one of Earth’s last remaining mostly uninhabited continent and its environment, pee bottles are required.

And yes, this applies to women, too.

Us ladies were advised to practice before using it for real out in the elements, and there’s also a female urinal device that can come in handy as well.

13. Communication is Old School

Working in Antarctica is like traveling back in time. 

Internet connection and Wi-Fi capabilities are extremely limited, so besides basic email, most communication on continent is done through landline phones, pagers, and two-way radios.

McMurdo is notorious for having very slow online page loading speeds, especially in the summer when the town’s population increases to over 1000 people.

Even as a mid-rat, or night shift worker, during the peak of the summer season at 3 a.m., I was lucky if I was able to send a quick message through Facebook’s basic platform in under 10 minutes or load my Gmail in the basic HTML setting.

14. Flights Rarely Go as Scheduled

Between the gateway city of Christchurch, New Zealand and McMurdo, conditions need to be perfect in order for a flight to take off or land.

There’s always something, whether it’s issues with the planes or the weather.

Mechanical problem in Christchurch? Flight is rescheduled for 24 hours.

Low visibility in the airfield on the ice? Flight turned back to Christchurch.

That’s right— after finally having favorable conditions to take off out of New Zealand, you could make the 5-7 hour flight all the way to McMurdo and be within minutes of landing and STILL be turned around and sent back to Christchurch in what’s called a boomerang flight.

My flight to the ice was delayed a week, which meant I got 7 paid days in Christchurch to wander around. My flight out of Antarctica was about 8 days delayed, as well; so, average.

On the ice, you learn to expect the unexpected.

15. There’s an Annual New Year’s Eve Festival Called Ice Stock

Every New Year’s Eve in McMurdo, there’s a day-long outdoor music festival called Ice Stock.

Bands made up of people in town perform throughout the afternoon and into the evening, burgers and hotdogs are served, and people dress up in colorful costumes or the always popular animal onesie.

16. Some Dry or Canned Goods are Expired

Like, years expired.

I even found juice powder from every decade since the 90s.

And yes, we still use, eat, and drink them. On the ice, nothing is wasted.

But before you get grossed out, I’d ask you to keep a few things in mind.

One, the early Antarctic explorers survived on seals, penguins , and dry biscuits.

A hundred years later, we’re having fresh eggs for breakfast and lobster for Christmas dinner with slightly old juice powder and canned bean salad.

Two, preserved foods are exactly that— preserved.

And expirations dates? Well, I’ve come to know them as suggestions that don’t apply on the coldest, driest, most desolate continent on Earth.

Three, honestly, if you didn’t know the products were expired, it wouldn’t bother you.

The cooks are amazing and the food they prepare is such a luxury.

They’re honestly better than any food I ate in the crew mess (cafeteria) while working on cruise ships .

So your coffee creamer is a few months past the expiration date. It’s a harsh continent.

Related: What Working on Cruise Ships is Really Like: Pros & Cons

17. There’s Brunch Every Sunday

A good meal is all it takes to boost morale on the ice.

Working long hours in the cold and harsh environment while away from family, friends, and the rest of civilization can break even the strongest of people.

To combat that, there’s a Sunday brunch every week during summer full of as much fresh fruit as possible (if there’s any available), a live egg station, hot specialties, freshly baked pastries and desserts, and a smorgasbord of cheeses, smoked salmon or ahi tuna, crackers, and other charcuterie elements.

Life in McMurdo isn’t always easy, but at least it’s a little more pleasant of an experience than what the early explorers went through.

18. There are Secret M&M’s Hidden in the BOG Paintings

In the Back of the Galley (BOG) dining area, all of the large paintings have a small M&M hidden in the artwork.

While it might take a bit to find the first one, the others become easier to search for once you know what you’re looking for.

19. There’s Only One Type of Insect in Antarctica

Because of the continent’s harsh environment, there is only one native insect species on the ice known as the Antarctic midge and they stay frozen for 75% of the year.

The flightless insect is the continent’s largest native land animal yet measures less than a centimeter long.

One of the perks about living on the ice was that I never had to worry about ants or spiders.

The only other living creatures around were whales, seals, skua (vicious sky turkeys), and of course— penguins!

20. There are 24 Hours of Sunlight in the Summer and 24 Hours of Darkness in the Winter

Antarctica officially only has two seasons: summer and winter.

Between the austral summer (October to February) the sun never sets, resulting in 24 hours of sunlight.

While there are a couple months in between the “official” seasons where there’s a bit of both light and darkness, from around April through August it’s nearly always 24 hours of no sunlight.

It’s also during these dark winter months when the Southern Lights (commonly mistaken for Northern Lights in Antarctica ) are visible.

Related: Antarctica Northern Lights & Southern Lights Guide 2023

Are you ready to live in Antarctica? Check out my guide for how you can get paid to live in Antarctica to find out all the information you need about living and working on the ice!

P.S.- Many thanks to my wonderful ice friends who helped me piece together the random details for this post!

Additional Antarctica Posts:

• How I Got Paid to Live in Antarctica: FAQ About Working on the Ice
• McMurdo Station Packing List for Working in Antarctica
• Working in Antarctica: Supply Tech Jim Huston | Stories from the Ice
• Working in Antarctica: Blaster Garry Rex | Stories From the Ice

Life at the South Pole Station: Everything You Want to Know

• Antarctica Northern Lights & Southern Lights Guide 2023
• How to Get Paid to Travel to Every Continent (Yes, Even Antarctica)

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Michelle is a freelance writer who has traveled to all seven continents and 60+ countries through various forms of employment. Over the last ten years, she’s worked as an ESL teacher in Japan, a youth counselor aboard cruise ships, and a hospitality manager in Antarctica.

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38 comments

Wow! This is so interesting. I never knew what life was really like in Antarctica and I love how you go into detail in this article. It is great they do everything they can to keep Antarctica clean! :)

As all good stewards of this planet should!

What a fascinating glimpse of life at McMurdo Station. I had no idea that women were required to take pregnancy tests before overwintering. It makes sense but still… And shipping all human waste back to the mainland! It’s good to see that people aren’t leaving it there. Very interesting.

Definitely a place with lots of quirks but such a unique place to experience!

That was absolutely fascinating, thank you for sharing! I met a lovely couple in Kerikeri, New Zealand, who met in Antarctica and work there 6 months of the year. Really interesting to have a deeper understanding of what life is like there when you live there. Oh, the pee bottle, and if it’s freezing and you’re outside? Oh gosh, wow! And alcohol rations, cannot imagine! Good on you.

You learn a lot of new skills on the ice ;)

The adventure of a lifetime (maybe two lifetimes!) While live “on the ice” sounds grueling, I’m sure it gives you a perspective so few have & such a different relationship to the Earth. I love love loved reading this very cool post.

Thanks for reading! It really makes you wonder what the rest of the world would look like if all waste were properly handled and the environment a priority.

Wow, what an incredible experience! I’d love to visit Antarctica, but I’m not sure I’m cut out to stay there for a long time! I don’t do well in cold weather! Thanks for this fascinating insight into life on the continent!

I’m terrible with cold weather as well but sometimes sacrifices have to be made for great adventures!

Coolest post I’ve read so far! How fascinating!

This was a fascinating read; I genuinely enjoyed it! Seems like such an adventure to live on Antarctica!

Thanks for reading! It definitely was an unforgettable adventure :)

This is absolutely fascinating and I have to say, I am a bit jealous. What a thing to experience – something I would love to do at least once in my life. I know it isn’t all glamourous, but what an entirely different world. Thank you for sharing your thoughts about this place ( a place none of us will ever be able to visit as tourists!).

Luckily, there are ways to get down there without paying for an Antarctic cruise or expedition, even if you’re not a scientist! You can read more about how I was able to get a dishwashing/ floor mopping job here: https://wandereatwrite.com/how-i-got-paid-to-live-in-antarctica/

This is so fascinating! I absolutely love all of your blog posts; I always learn something new!

Thanks for following along with my adventures! It really means a lot :)

This is so cool! It blows my mind that you were able to live in Antarctica. I love reading about the workings of how you can be there. What an amazing experience!

Great post and love these facts. Some of these ate not so surprising and the meteorites thing makes sense since the scientist in the movie eight below was looking for one. Also good to know that zi need a pregnancy test if I want to visit as a scientist. Lol.

I didn’t know that! I’ll have to check out that movie.

That was definitely full of fascinating facts. I had never heard of McMurdo Station. This is a great experience but I’m not sure how I would cope with no sunlight!

Me neither! I left just a couple weeks before it went dark but I absolutely loved having 24 hours of sunlight.

I loved reading about this, so interesting. And of course so many of the points you talked about make complete sense. What an experience!

This is amazing that you got to experience it. I’m looking into a few isolated trips but nothing like this!

This looks so fun! I love reading about all the cool opportunities you have experienced throughout the world… really inspiring!

Thanks for reading! There are so many ways to see this world, it’s all about finding what works for you.

So many things that I never would have thought about before reading this post. Namely, the pregnancy test thing and having to leave if you become pregnant. It makes sense for safety, but that would suck if you got pregnant while you were out there and had to leave.

Agreed, but what a story that would be!

Thanks for sharing. My son Jonathan is there now working as a chef. He seems to like it a lot.

This is really well done. Thank you! I’ve been looking for some realistic accounts of recent visits to Antarctica and Mcmurdo and you definitely hit the mark. Looking forward to exploring more of your content. Thanks again!

I was there in 1968 with the Royal New Zealand Navy. They used. to say that it was a “great place with a girl behind every tree.” In those days it was true.

We didn’t take pregnancy tests this winter! I kept waiting to be told to go to medical but I’d heard rumors that stock is too low on tests so they just didn’t test us this year. Is that the truth? Or did they just not want to know because station population is so sparse this winter and no one wanted to stay? WHO KNOWS?

Interesting! I guess things are always changing down there, especially during COVID seasons ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

Thanks. Good read.. I’m going back for 2nd deployment soon. I was there cooking 8/2018-2/19. I forgot about the M&Ms in pics. Fruit loops with the misty frosty ice cream was my favorite vice

Long live Frosty Boi!

How long ago was your deployment? I’m scheduled -support staff/contractor- to be on the ice 10 feb (2023). my biggest concern is keeping track of bills and home stuff while I am away. Mixed bag of emotions about wintering over, but not passing up the opportunity to add this to the resume.

I was in MCM 2019-2020 and 2021, South Pole after that. Taking care of errands back home can definitely be challenging but is totally worth the adventure (and completely do-able!). Best of luck on your deployment!

EXCELLENT article. Love the spaced out and easy to read font. Great pics. Our daughter used your super helpful packing list and is currently in Christ Church gearing up. She said you were a guest speaker on one of her zoom calls and that you were really sweet. Good luck in your future endeavors.

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Historic CPKC steam train makes tour stop at Union Station

K ANSAS CITY, Mo. — A 94-year-old train known as “The Empress” was on display at Union Station on Saturday, a steam locomotive from Canadian Pacific Kansas City or CPKC.

The train is making a journey from Calgary, Alberta, Canada to Mexico City as a celebration of the first anniversary of the merger between Canadian Pacific and Kansas City Southern.

The merger created the first single-line railway between the United States, Canada and Mexico and now the steam locomotive is taking the same path through Kansas City.

“We are going to be on this together for some 75 plus days, said Jonathan Morris, the Manager of Steam Operating Services with CPKC. “We’re going to be traveling some 9000 plus miles. The work is hard, the days are long. These events represent something really special,” he said while looking over a crowd of thousands at Union Station.

“This is why we did this.”

The locomotive was completed in December of 1930 by Montreal Locomotive Works, Morris told FOX4.

It spent around 30 years in service before retiring in the early 1960’s for diesel powered engines. “For [CPKC] to take the time and opportunity to take this steam engine, which is very old, and take it out on the road? It’s something you very seldom ever get to see,” said train enthusiast Richard Farmer.

Morris estimated that some of the tracks that they will take haven’t seen a steam powered locomotive in more than 60 years, making the journey to Mexico truly one of a kind where people of all ages can enjoy a piece of living history. “So when you take a little kid who can’t talk yet, you put the space shuttle in front of them or the airplane or a book or whatever, they just kind of look at it. But when you put a steam engine in front of them, they go choo choo!”

For Morris, the best part about the journey is bringing people together. “I think that’s kind of unique,” he said.  “It spent his whole service life connecting people, and now it’s just sitting here. We brought it here, but it’s just sitting and it’s still connecting people. So, I think that’s pretty special.”

The train will leave Kansas City for Heavener, Oklahoma on Tuesday. Its next event will be in Shreveport, Louisiana on Friday and will complete it’s journey in Mexico City on June 7 before returning to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

For the latest news, weather, sports, and streaming video, head to FOX 4 Kansas City WDAF-TV | News, Weather, Sports.

Statue of Lenin

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Statue of Lenin - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go (2024)

• (0.57 mi) Elektrostal Hotel
• (1.00 mi) Yakor Hotel
• (1.31 mi) Hotel Djaz
• (1.41 mi) Mini Hotel Banifatsiy
• (1.45 mi) MTM Hostel Elektrostal
• (0.07 mi) Teremok
• (0.21 mi) Coffee Shop Usy Teodora Glagoleva
• (0.25 mi) Mazhor
• (0.30 mi) Tashir Pizza
• (0.31 mi) Ermitazh

Elektrostal

City in moscow oblast, russia / from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, dear wikiwand ai, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:.

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Transport in Zvenigorod

Zvenigorod is located in 50km from Moscow and has very good transport connection with Moscow. 

   Zvenigorod Railway Station

Zvenigorod Railway Station is located far from the city centre. To get to the centre from the railway station, take bus No. 23 or No. 51. Or take a taxi - it cannot cost more that RUB250. 

  Zvenigorod Bus Station

There is no bus station in Zvenigorod and buses from Moscow terminate in the city centre at what is known as the Mayakovsky Quarter bus stop, stopping at Ulitsa Proletarskaya on the way there.

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Top Things to Do in Elektrostal, Russia - Elektrostal Must-See Attractions

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1. Electrostal History and Art Museum

2. Statue of Lenin

3. Park of Culture and Leisure

4. museum and exhibition center.

5. Museum of Labor Glory

7. Galereya Kino

8. viki cinema, 9. smokygrove.

10. Gandikap

11. papa lounge bar, 12. karaoke bar.