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Other adventures. By Aaron Teoh

Moscow (Russia) in 4 days

While often overshadowed by St Petersburg as the cultural capital of Russia, Moscow is nonetheless a colourful and vibrant cosmopolitan city with much to offer. A guide to spending 4 fun-filled days in northernmost megacity on Earth

After almost 50 days on the road, I was finally approaching my last stop, the westernmost (and terminal) stop of the Tran-Siberian Railway , Moscow. On one hand, it seemed like a pretty long way up overland from Singapore , but on the other, it felt like my journey had barely began. Nevertheless, thoroughly enjoyed my short stay in Moscow, exploring the historical attractions, cultural icons, and unique quirks. I also managed to catch up with some friends I met earlier on the trip and made a few more, before it was time to go home.

Day 1: Kitay Gorod and the Moscow Metro

Arrived in Moscow on an overnight train from St Petersburg . I had a good rest. Air conditioning was good and there weren’t many disturbances through the night, despite it being in third class. From out of the station, Moscow gave a different impression from St Petersburg . St Petersburg felt more olden European, while Moscow gave a slightly more modern, cosmopolitan feel.

Took the metro, crossed a couple of roads and bridges, and got to the hostel to drop off my bag. With a much lighter load (practically none without the heavy backpack), I headed to Kitay-Gorod, historic district in central Moscow, for the ‘free’ walking tour.

Moscow Free Walking Tour

Start of the walking tour, at Eastern end of Ulitsa Varvarka. Some interesting and historical sights around the neighborhood, such as 500 year old city walls and wooden churches.

First impressions of the Red Square

After Ulitsa Varvaka, the walking tour proceeded straight towards the Red Square, definitely one of the things I have been looking forward to on this trip. Across the Red Square from the Kremlin, GUM, now a large high-end shopping mall, once the Soviet State department store, and before that the largest shopping center in Europe. Sitting directly across the Red Square from Lenin’s mausoleum, how appropriate.

Nice tour around Kitay-Gorod and the sights around the Red Square and Kremlin. It was about time for lunch then, and I had to try out Teremok, a fast food chain selling Russian crepes, as recommended by an expat living in Moscow I met in Irkutsk , and the tour guide in the morning. It wasn’t mind blowing, but it was interesting.

Other Landmarks around the Red Square

With lunch done, I further explored the vicinity on my own, First to the famous Bolshoi Theatre, but unfortunately not to catch any ballet or opera. Maybe next time. Then back in the direction of the Red Square. One of the more prominent buildings around the Red Square is the State Historical Museum, a beautiful, historic building clad in red.

Security on the Red Square seemed to be stricter on the first day I was in Moscow, possibly due to the book fair that was being held on it, the first ever to be held on the square.

Moscow metro musings

In the afternoon, I met up with a friend I made in Irkutsk with whom I travelled the Trans-Siberian till Yekaterinburg . We did a self guided tour of the metro, with help from his guidebook. The Moscow metro was similarly elaborate as the St Petersburg metro, but had a different feel to it.

Krasnye Vorota Metro Station

Krasnye Vorota Metro Station is one of the first stations of the entire system to begin operations, in 1935. It employed a then untested structural design, but has fortunately withstood the forces of nature till present day.

Komsomolskaya Metro Station

Novoslobodskaya Metro Station / Mayakovskaya Metro Station

Belorusskaya Metro Station

Novokuznetskaya Metro Station

Ploshchad Revolyutsii Metro Station

Ploshchad Revolyutsii Metro Station. Among the most famous of stations, featuring 76 bronze sculptures depicting the people of the Soviet Union.

Arbaskaya Metro Station

Arbaskaya Metro Station. The original station was damaged by German bombing in WWII and this replacement was built parallel to the old one.

Kiyevskaya Metro Station

Kiyevskaya Metro Station (Arbatsko – Pokrovskaya Line). Featuring frescos depicting life in Ukraine.

Park Pobedy Metro Station

Park Pobedy Metro Station, the deepest station in Moscow, at 84m. We resurfaced to check out an interesting park, where a hill overlooking the whole of Moscow once stood. Now an open air museum commemorating the military victories of Russia stands in its place.

Returned to the metro to visit another park a short ride away.

Sunset in Moscow

I arrived at Gorky Park to the slowly setting sun, a nice change from St Petersburg , where the sun never seemed to set. The weather was much better by then. The park was a nice place to take a walk or chill. After having some snacks, I headed along the Moskva river back towards the Red Square.

Along the way, a huge monument almost 100m tall rose from the river, the Peter the Great Monument. Apparently some controversy surrounding this tribute to the man who gave up Moscow as the capital of Russia in favour of St Petersburg in the 16th century. Another unmissable icon along the river, Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, across the Moskva river. First built after Napoleon’s retreat, demolished during Soviet times, and rebuilt after the dissolution of the union.

Red Square at night

After the nice long walk along the river, I found myself back at the Red Square. Looked quite different from it was in the day.

It was a tiring but satisfying day spent walking around the huge capital. I was glad to be back at the hostel after the long day, for a nice shower and good rest.

Day 2: The Red Square, The Kremlin, and Arbat Street

My second day in Moscow was also the 50th since leaving Singapore on a bus . I spent the day exploring the key attractions in the Russian capital, the Red Square, the Kremlin, and Arbat Street. Too many things to see and do at these attractions, so it was a slightly brief one.

The first ever book fair to be held on the Red Square ended the day before, and the square was largely cleared by the time I was back on it.

I decided to make a stop at the historic departmental store and check out the legendary ice cream. Couldn’t really afford anything there, except for the legendary ice cream, which every tourist went for. Supposedly retains the recipe since Soviet times.

Still wasn’t sure what a Soviet taste was, but it was a nice way to cool off in the rising temperatures.

After a leisurely morning stroll, got inside the Kremlin (₽500 rubles). Very interesting place, exploring the (really) old churches, and some strangely enormous stuff, like this cannon, and this bell. The churches were just as spectacular. No photography allowed inside though, but might be a good thing, as the beauty inside might not be replicable on photographs – come visit it!

After a few hours exploring the churches and cathedrals, exited via the Spasskaya Tower back onto the Red Square. About time for lunch.

It was a decent lunch, but I was still a little hungry. Filled the rest of my stomach with snacks from the supermarket. Got the job done, and went in the direction of Arbat Street.

Arbat Street

Shortly after, arrived at Arbat Street. Arbat Street is one of the oldest streets in Moscow. Now a lovely place for a walk/ people watching, with various artists plying their trade down this pedestrian street.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia building

The ‘Seven Sisters’ refer to a group of distinctive Stalinist style skyscrapers in Moscow. Quite a few of them can be found in the pictures in this post, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs building being one. Which others can you identify? There were supposed to have been two more which were never built, one of which was supposed to stand where the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour now stands. It would have been the tallest of them all, if it had been built.

Next, walked to the European Mall not too far away, near Kiyevsky Railway Station, hoping to get some souvenirs.

Spent some time in the European Mall getting some Russian groceries and printing some Instagrams from a vending machine, then got into this time travel tube to get back to the hostel.

Red Square at dusk

It’s nice staying at a hostel not too far from the Red Square. Gives me an excuse to pass it every day/ night. Major sights (such as the Bolshoi Theatre) are nearby too. Between the Bolshoi Theatre and the State Historical Musuem, the Four Seasons Hotel Moscow. Modelled after Hotel Moskva, which previously stood at the same plot (and had an interesting story about its peculiar facade- though probably more myth than fact).

Day 3: VDNKh and Sparrow Hills

Having travelled quite abit, I found that recommendations by people for places to visit, by people who have actually been there, are almost always good. I learnt that first (or first few times) in Pai . For places to visit in Moscow, I received 2 strong recommendations, one to visit the VDNKh, from an expat living in Moscow, whom I met in Irkutsk , and the other, to visit the Sparrow Hills, from a Muscovite living at the same hostel. And those were the top of my agenda for the day.

But back on to the topic of the Seven Sisters (a term not used by locals), there was one not too far from the hostel I had stayed in, the Kotelnicheskaya Embankment Building,

Cosmonauts Alley

Along Cosmonauts Alley, a park and walkway leading from the metro station to the Museum of Cosmonautitcs.

Statue of Konstantin Tsoilkovsky, probably one of the first (real) rocket scientists in the world. Behind him, the Museum of Cosmonautics, beneath the Monument to the Conquerors of Space.

Beyond the museum, the entrance to the VDNKh (or All Russia Exhibition Center), huge Soviet era amusement and trade park showcasing achievements of the Soviet Union, with a huge entrance gateway to match. Free entry.

Other than spectacular gardens and fountains, there were also pavilions representing the various regions of the Soviet Union.

The Space Pavillion

And one of the highlights (at least for me), the Space Pavilion!

Prototype of the Buran space shuttle. A similar one performed the first ever unmanned space shuttle flight and a landing in full automatic mode.

A replica of the Vostok rocket. Similar rockets fired the first ever artificial satellites into orbit and the first manned spacecraft into space.

It was a great morning spent at the VDNKh, felt like being transported through time. Then again, if it were during the Soviet Union I’d probably not be allowed here. The rain started to lighten up, and I carried on to my next stop, Sparrow Hills.

Vorobyovy Gory (Sparrow Hills) metro station, interesting stop built across the Moskva river, and the only metro station with windows.

Vorobyovy Gory (Sparrow Hills)

Took a walk at Vorobyovy Gory, or Sparrow Hills, as recommended by the Muscovite I met at the hostel I was staying in. A little quiet and a brief respite from the bustling city. There was a mini bird park/ zoo on the hill. Most animals didn’t look too comfortable in their small enclosures.

I got a feeling I might not have been in the side of Vorobyovy Gory that was recommended, but it was decent nonetheless. I spent some time winding my way around the hills and ponds. After making my way out of the park, I found myself at a huge roundabout with a tall monument right in the middle of it. It was the Monument to Yuri Gagarin, first person to ever reach space. It was getting late, and I was getting tired after all that walking, so I headed for the metro and ended the day slightly earlier than normal. Turned out to be a good choice though, as I got to meet some friendly travellers back at the hostel, and we had a good chat.

Day 4: Free and Easy

All great journeys eventually have to end, and going home is ever so bittersweet. Last day of my longest trip yet (excluding the year spent on exchange, I’ve never been on the move for this long before). Spent my last day in Moscow (and of this long, long trip) pretty much chilling and shopping for some souvenirs (vodka mostly) before the mad rush to the airport (almost late as usual) before heading home to a new job, new life, and with a renewed perspective of the world. Didn’t take much shots of the shopping, so here’s some shots on the way home :’)

I was a little late, but the plane was later. It was a bit of a concern though, as my connecting flight was not long after the first leg was due to land. In the end, had to do a mad dash through Ataturk as my connecting flight was on last call by the time I arrived.

It was barely a year after the Malaysian Airlines plane got shot out of the sky over restive east Ukraine so I was a little nervous after seeing the flight path. On a trip of many firsts, this the closest I’ve ever gotten to a conflict zone (Donetsk just around the corner). Fortunately, the flight was uneventful.

Singapore to Moscow in 50 days: An adventure complete, a new one begins?

I was feeling quite sick on the way back, probably something to do with the food in the last few days. Nevertheless, I was glad and at the same time a little sad that the long trip was over. I had planned to extend my trip further into Europe when I just left Singapore, but made the decision to end it at Moscow after receiving a job offer I could not refuse. Times are getting tough, and it was probably my best bet if I would want to be able to continue travelling in future, so I was pretty happy taking up the offer. Now, almost 9 months later, I’m glad I made the choice, and I hope to hit the road again soon!

Moscow Budget (4 days)

Actual travel dates: 28 June 2015 – 1 July 2015 Accommodation: ₽1200 (3 nights) Food: ₽2375 (snacked too much) Attractions: ₽600 Transport (within Moscow): ₽330 Moscow expenses: ₽4600 (~S$110/ US$85 at June 2015 rate)

Train to Airport: ₽470 (~S$12/ US$9 at June 2015 rate)

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2 thoughts on “Moscow (Russia) in 4 days”

Such an amazing trip. I love all the pictures as well. Everything is so grand.

Hi Gary, glad you liked it! Moscow is an amazing city.

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Russia Travel Advisory

Travel advisory june 27, 2024, russia - level 4: do not travel.

Reissued after periodic review with minor edits.

Do not travel to Russia due to the consequences of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russian military forces. U.S. citizens may face harassment or detention by Russian security officials, arbitrary enforcement of local laws, limited flights into and out of Russia, and the possibility of terrorism. The U.S. Embassy has limited ability to assist U.S. citizens in Russia. The Department has determined that there is a continued risk of wrongful detention of U.S. nationals by Russian authorities. U.S. citizens residing or traveling in Russia should leave immediately.

The U.S. government has limited ability to help U.S. citizens in Russia, especially outside of Moscow. The U.S. Embassy is operating with reduced staffing, and the Russian government has restricted travel for embassy personnel. Furthermore, all U.S. consulates in Russia have suspended operations, including consular services.

There have been reports of drone attacks and explosions near the border with Ukraine as well as in Moscow, Kazan, and St. Petersburg. In an emergency, you should follow instructions from local authorities and seek shelter.

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U.S. citizens should know that U.S. credit and debit cards no longer work in Russia. Due to sanctions, sending electronic money transfers from the U.S. to Russia is nearly impossible.

Commercial flight options are minimal and are often unavailable on short notice. If you wish to depart Russia, you should make independent arrangements. The U.S. Embassy has limited ability to assist U.S. citizens in leaving the country, and transportation options may suddenly become even more restricted.

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Russian security services have arrested U.S. citizens on false charges, denied them fair treatment, and convicted them without credible evidence. Furthermore, Russian authorities have opened questionable investigations against U.S. citizens engaged in religious activity. U.S. citizens should avoid travel to Russia.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has destabilized security in southwestern Russia. In October 2022, the Russian government declared martial law in the following border areas with Ukraine: Bryansk, Kursk, Belgorod, Voronezh, Rostov, and Krasnodar. Under martial law, authorities can set curfews, seize property, and restrict movement. The Russian government may detain foreigners, forcibly relocate residents, and limit public gatherings. U.S. citizens should avoid all travel to these areas.

Russian authorities have questioned, detained, and arrested people for “acting against Russia's interests.” Local authorities have targeted people for posting on social media or supporting "anti-Russian" groups and punished individuals for criticizing the government or military. The Russian government's current "LGBT propaganda" law bans discussion of LGBTQI+ related topics. In November 2023, the Supreme Court labeled the so-called "international LGBT movement" as extremist. This decision effectively made it a crime to support the human rights of LGBTQI+ persons in Russia.

Terrorists continue to plan attacks in Russia. The March 2024 Crocus City Hall incident proved they can strike suddenly. Terrorists may target tourist areas, transport hubs, and markets. They may also target government buildings, hotels, clubs, restaurants, and places of worship. Parks, events, schools, and airports are also potential targets.  U.S. government employees under Embassy (Chief of Mission) security responsibility are not permitted to travel to the North Caucasus, including Chechnya and Mt. Elbrus. U.S. citizens should avoid travel to those areas.

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The U.S. Embassy in Kyiv administers consular services to U.S. citizens in Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson, and Zaporizhzhya. However, the conflict limits the Embassy's ability to help U.S. citizens in these areas.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Russia.

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Discover the World

17 Top Tourist Attractions in Moscow

By Alex Schultz · Last updated on May 4, 2024

The capital of Russia is an incredible place to explore. Visitors to Moscow come away spellbound at all the amazing sights, impressed at the sheer size and grandeur of the city. Lying at the heart of Moscow, the Red Square and the Kremlin are just two of the must-see tourist attractions; they are the historical, political and spiritual heart of the city – and indeed Russia itself.

A fascinating city to wander around, stunning cathedrals, churches, and palaces lie side-by-side with bleak grey monuments and remains from the Soviet state. In addition to its plethora of historical and cultural tourist attractions, Moscow is home to world-class museums, theaters and art galleries.

Renowned for its performing arts, fantastic ballets and amazing circus acts, catching a show while in Moscow is a must. The wealth of brilliant restaurants, trendy bars, and lively nightlife means there is something for everyone to enjoy.

See also: Where to Stay in Moscow

17. Tsaritsyno Palace

Once the summer residence of Catherine the Great, the stunning Tsaritsyno Palace is now a museum-reserve. The architecture is magnificent and there is a lovely park surrounding it for visitors to explore.

Located in the south of Moscow, the palace was commissioned in 1775 and recent renovations mean its lavish interior looks better than ever before with its elegant halls and beautiful staircases.

The exhibits on display look at the life of the empress as well as the history of Tsaritsyno itself. The huge palace grounds are also home to some other delightful buildings with the elegant opera house and wonderful brickwork of the Small Palace being particularly impressive to gaze upon.

Starting out in 1935 as the ‘All-Union Agricultural Exhibition’, VDNKh has slowly morphed over the years into the fascinating open-air museum of today. Remarkably, over 400 buildings can now be found within its confines.

The huge park complex has numerous pavilions representing former Soviet republics on show, such as those of Armenia and Turkmenistan and the distinctive architecture of each of the buildings is always interesting to gaze upon. In addition to this there is the fascinating Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics which is dedicated to space exploration and the fun Moskvarium aquarium even offers you the chance to swim with dolphins.

With lots of eateries scattered about and numerous entertainment options such as horse-riding and zip-lining, there is something for everyone to enjoy; the Friendship of Nations fountain truly is wonderful.

15. Kremlin Armoury

One of the oldest museums in the city, the Kremlin Armoury has a wealth of treasures; highlights include the ornate Grand Siberian Railway egg, the historic Cap of Monomakh and the stunning Imperial Crown of Russia which often has a crowd of tourists around it, jostling to take a photo.

Once the royal armory, there are loads of fascinating objects on display. Perusing the many sabers, jewelry, armor and more is as interesting as it is educational and entertaining and the swords are so finely crafted that you’ll almost wish you could pick up one and wield if yourself.

Established in 1851, the museum is situated in the Moscow Kremlin.

14. GUM Department Store

Standing for ‘Main Universal Store’ in Russian, GUM is stunning. Its wonderful skylights and beautiful facades mean it doesn’t look out of place alongside its illustrious neighbors on Red Square.

With over 200 shops, boutiques and upmarket eateries inside, it is a shopaholic’s heaven and concerned partners will be glad to find more affordable options alongside luxury brands such as Dior and Prada.

The main department store in the city, GUM was opened in 1893. The stunning architecture makes it well worth a visit even if shopping isn’t your thing.

13. Moscow Metro

It’s not often that public transport looks like a work of art. So many stops on the Moscow Metro will astound visitors with their beauty and elegance.

Decked in marble and with frescoes covering the walls, the stations are amazing to gaze upon and are part of one of the longest metro systems in the world, with the first stations opened in 1935.

Using the metro is the quickest and easiest way to get around Moscow and braving the crowds of commuters is well worth it for the beauty all around you.

12. Arbat Street

An elegant yet lively street, Arbat is full of impressive architecture and was once a popular place to live for aristocrats, artists, and academics.

A historic place, it is down Arbat Street that Napoleon’s troops are said to have headed on their way to capture the Kremlin.

Nowadays, there are many cafes, restaurants, and shops, as well as various monuments and statues to former residents such as Alexander Pushkin who was reputed to be a lover of the Russian Empress due to his massive influence in court.

11. Novodevichy Convent

Drenched in history, the Novodevichy Convent is located in a striking building that was once a fortress. This captivating place is well worth visiting when in Moscow.

Founded in 1524, the convent houses four cathedrals; Smolensk Cathedral is the undoubted highlight due to its delightful 16th-century frescoes.

Wandering around the grounds is like stepping back in time. The Novodevichy Cemetery is where many famous leaders of the Soviet Union are buried, such as Yeltsin and Khrushchev.

10. Pushkin Museum

Despite its name, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts actually has no connection at all to the famous poet other than that it was named in his honor after his death. A delight to visit, its extensive collection focuses on European art with masterpieces by Botticelli, Rembrandt, and van Gogh all featuring.

Sculptures, graphic art, paintings and more can be found in its beautiful galleries; various sections look at themes and epochs such as the Renaissance, the Dutch Golden Age, and Byzantine art.

Among the many highlights are the clownish characters which can be found in Cezanne’s Fastnacht (Mardi Gras) and the twirling ballerinas who look so elegant in Degas’ Blue Dancers. Picasso’s Young acrobat on a Ball is also well worth checking out for its interesting use of shapes and colors.

9. Christ The Savior Cathedral

This gorgeous Russian Orthodox cathedral is located on the banks of the Moskva River, just a stone’s throw away from the Kremlin.

The church as it stands today was consecrated in 2000, as the original church that stood here was destroyed on the command of Josef Stalin in 1931 due to the anti-religious campaign.

With its delightful golden dome, spires and dazzling white facades, the Christ the Savior Cathedral is stunning. The interior is just as captivating to wander around, with its beautifully tiled floors and impressive altar.

8. Lenin Mausoleum

Opened to the public in 1924, Lenin’s Mausoleum is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Moscow. The red granite structure is located at the heart of the city in Red Square.

Lenin’s embalmed body lies in a glass sarcophagus; it is a somewhat eerie experience walking past the former leader of the Soviet Union but is well worth doing as you understandably can’t do it anywhere else in the world.

After visiting the mausoleum, head to the Kremlin wall right next to it for more graves of important communist figures such as Stalin and Brezhnev.

7. Tretyakov Gallery

Home to the most extensive and impressive collection of Russian fine art in the world, the State Tretyakov Gallery is definitely worth visiting when in Moscow for the wealth of amazing art pieces that it has on display.

Having started out as the private art collection of the Tretyakov brothers, there are now over 130,000 exhibits. Highlights include the iconic Theotokos of Vladimir which you will almost certainly recognise despite probably not knowing the name and Rublev’s Trinity which is considered to be one of highest achievements in Russian art.

An absolute must for art lovers, the State Tretyakov Gallery will delight visitors with all that is has to offer.

6. Kolomenskoye

Once a royal estate, Kolomenskoye is now a museum-reserve and lies a few kilometers outside of the city center. A captivating place to visit, there is a plethora of history on show and the site overlooks the Moskva River.

Consisting of four historical sites, there are extensive gardens for visitors to explore, as well as loads of interesting old buildings, the former village of Kolomenskoye itself and the impressive Palace of the Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich – once considered the Eighth Wonder of the World by contemporaries.

Among the many stunning sights, it is the brilliantly white Ascension Church that is the undoubted highlight – dating back to 1532.

5. Gorky Park

Lying alongside the Moskva River, the huge Gorky Park is a lovely place to visit. Its extensive gardens are home to numerous cultural institutions and visitors should definitely check out the Garage Museum of Contemporary Art and while the eclectic exhibits may not always feature such incredible sights as a balloon-covered rider on a zebra; they certainly always succeed in pushing back the boundaries of art.

Pop-up exhibitions and festivals can be found from time to time in the park itself and there is an open-air theatre and numerous eateries alongside a plethora of leisure activities.

Whether it’s cycling, table tennis or yoga that you are after or beach volleyball and rowing, Gorky Park certainly has it. In winter, there is a huge ice rink for visitors to enjoy.

4. Bolshoi Theatre

The Bolshoi Theatre is the main theater in the country. The amazing opera and ballet performances it has put on over the centuries go a long way in explaining Russia’s rich history of performing arts.

While the Bolshoi Ballet Company was established in 1776, the theater itself was opened in 1825. The glittering, six-tier auditorium is lavishly and decadently decorated; it is a fitting setting for the world-class performances that take place on its stage.

Spending a night watching a performance of such classics as The Nutcracker or Swan Lake at the Bolshoi Theatre is sure to be a memorable experience and the beauty all around you only adds to the sense of occasion.

3. Moscow Kremlin

This famously fortified complex is remarkably home to five palaces and four cathedrals and is the historic, political and spiritual center of the city. The Kremlin serves as the residence for the country’s president. It has been used as a fort, and this fact is made clear by its sheer size. The Kremlin’s outer walls were built in the late 1400s.

Under Ivan III, better known as Ivan the Great, the Kremlin became the center of a unified Russian state, and was extensively remodeled. Three of the Kremlin’s cathedrals date to his reign that lasted from 1462-1505. The Deposition Church and the Palace of Facets were also constructed during this time. The Ivan the Great Bell Tower was built in 1508. It is the tallest tower at the Kremlin with a height of 266 feet (81 meters).

Joseph Stalin removed many of the relics from the tsarist regimes. However, the Tsar Bell, the world’s largest bell, and the Tsar Cannon, the largest bombard by caliber in the world, are among the remaining items from that era. The Kremlin Armory is one of Moscow’s oldest museums as it was established more than 200 years ago. Its diamond collection is impressive.

The Kremlin’s gardens – Taynitsky, Grand Kremlin Public and Alexander – are beautiful. The Kremlin has also served as the religious center of the country, and there is a tremendous number of preserved churches and cathedrals here. The collections contained within the museums include more than 60,000 historical, cultural and artistic monuments. Those who enjoy the performing arts will want to consider attending a ballet or concert at the State Kremlin Palace. Completed in 1961, it is the only modern building in the Kremlin.

2. Red Square

Lying at the heart of Moscow, Red Square is the most important and impressive square in the city. It is one of the most popular tourist attractions due to its wealth of historical sights and cultural landmarks.

Drenched in history, the huge square is home to incredible sights such as the Kremlin, St. Basil’s Cathedral and Lenin’s Mausoleum, among others. Consequently, it is not to be missed when in Moscow as it really is home to the city’s most stunning monuments.

It is here that many important moments in Russian history took place; the former marketplace has hosted everything from Tsar’s coronations and public ceremonies to rock concerts and Soviet military parades. Wandering around the massive square is a humbling experience and undoubtedly one of the highlights the city has to offer.

1. Saint Basil’s Cathedral

Located in the impressive Red Square, St. Basil’s Cathedral is gorgeous; its delightful spires appear as if out of a fairytale. The most recognizable building in the country, the cathedral is very much a symbol of Russia. No visit to Moscow is complete without having taken in its unique and distinctive features.

Ivan the Terrible ordered the cathedral’s construction in the mid-16th century, and legend holds that Ivan put out the architect’s eyes so that he would be unable to build another cathedral more glorious than St. Basil’s. Designed to resemble the shape of a bonfire in full flame, the architecture is not only unique to the period in which it was built but to any subsequent period. For various reasons, both Napoleon and Stalin wanted to destroy the cathedral but fortunately did not succeed.

Known for its various colors, shapes and geometric patterns, St. Basil’s Cathedral houses nine different chapels that are all connected by a winding labyrinth of corridors and stairways. On the lower floor, St. Basil’s Chapel contains a silver casket bearing the body of St. Basil the Blessed.

Throughout the cathedral are many beautiful murals, frescoes, wooden icons and other art works and artifacts. Outside the cathedral is a lovely garden with the bronze Monument to Minin and Pozharsky, who rallied an all-volunteer Russian army against Polish invaders during a period of the late 16th century known as the Times of Troubles.

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