air travel restrictions for carry on luggage

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Airline and TSA Carry-On Restrictions

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Table of Contents

Airline-specific carry-on luggage rules

Tsa liquid limits, how many ounces are allowed on a plane, additional tsa carry-on rules, final thoughts on tsa rules for carry-ons.

Whether you’re purposefully packing light or supplementing your checked luggage, it’s important to keep Transportation Security Administration (TSA) carry-on luggage size in mind when packing a bag and heading to the airport.

After all, not all airlines allow full-size carry-ons for free, and most have slightly different rules on carry-on bag size. Don’t get caught unaware at the gate; hefty baggage fees and inconvenience may await.

» Learn more: Want TSA Precheck for free?

Here’s what you need to know about airline and TSA carry-on size allowances.

Airline carry-on dimensions differ depending on the carrier. When purchasing your flight, you’ll be able to see your carry-on and personal item limits.

A personal item is typically a small backpack, purse, briefcase, diaper bag, camera bag or any item of a similar size that can fit underneath the seat in front of you. A carry-on bag could be anything from a large backpack to a small rolling suitcase. But it’s less shape than size that matters, so here are carry-on luggage size restrictions for each of the major domestic airlines:

Alaska Airlines

On an Alaska Airlines flight, you can bring a carry-on and a personal item for free.

Carry-on bags are limited to 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high including wheels and handles. All three measurements shouldn’t add up to more than 45 inches.

For personal items, Alaska offers examples of a purse, laptop or briefcase.

Alaska doesn't list weight limits, but it says that passengers should be able to lift items that go in an overhead bin.

» Learn more: Guide to Alaska Airlines baggage and other fees

American Airlines

For an American Airlines flight, passengers get one personal item and one carry-on, no matter what type of fare is bought (elite members included).

Carry-on bags shouldn’t be larger than 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high including handles and wheels.

Dimensions of personal items should not exceed 18 inches long, 14 inches wide and 8 inches high.

There are no weight restrictions for carry-on luggage.

» Learn more: American Airlines bag fees: How they work, how to avoid them

Delta Air Lines

Delta flyers are allowed one carry-on bag and one personal item.

Including wheels and handles, measurements may not exceed 22 inches long, 14 inches width and 9 inches high. The total length plus width plus height of baggage must not exceed 45 linear inches.

For personal items, Delta says size examples are purses, small backpacks and laptops.

Three places have weight limits: Singapore (7 kg, about 15.4 pounds), Beijing (10 kg, about 22 pounds) and Shanghai (10 kg, about 22 pounds).

» Learn more: Delta Air Lines baggage fees: How they work, how to avoid them

Frontier charges for both checked luggage and carry-on bags, and the price depends on the route you fly and your ticket type.

Business tickets include a carry-on bag and two checked bags with an increased 50-pound weight allowance. Premium tickets and economy tickets also include a carry-on bag, but checked bags can be purchased a la carte. Basic tickets only include a free personal item.

Prices vary depending on if you buy the bags before via the web or mobile app, at the ticket desk, or the boarding gate.

Carry-on bags must weigh less than 35 pounds and must not exceed 10 inches deep, 16 inches wide and 24 inches high. Bags must fit in the overhead bins.

Checked bags must be no longer than 62 linear inches (length + width + depth) and must weigh under 40 pounds. Bags weighing more than 40 pounds will incur additional charges per bag per direction. Bags weighing 41-50 pounds will cost you $50 more (except business tickets) and bags weighing 51-100 pounds will cost $100 more.

Personal items cannot exceed 8 inches deep, 18 inches wide and 14 inches high.

» Learn more: Frontier baggage fees: How they work

Not all JetBlue passengers are allowed the same carry-on items. Passengers who bought Basic Blue fares get one personal item (except Mosaic customers who always get a carry-on). Blue, Extra Blue, Blue Plus and Mint fares allow one carry-on and one personal item.

Including wheels and handles, length, width and height measurements may not exceed 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high.

Personal items can be no more than 17 inches long, 13 inches wide and 9 inches high or smaller to fit under the seat in front of you.

There are no weight limits for carry-on luggage on JetBlue.

» Learn more: Guide to JetBlue baggage, cancellation and other fees

Southwest Airlines

Southwest is known for having a generous free checked luggage allowance, but carry-on restrictions are similar to most other airlines — one personal item and one carry-on per traveler.

Carry-on measurements should not exceed 24 inches long, 16 inches wide and 10 inches high.

Personal items are limited to 18.5 inches long, 8.5 inches wide and 13.5 inches high.

Southwest doesn't list weight limits for carry-on items.

» Learn more: The guide to Southwest baggage and other fees

United Airlines

Most travelers flying with United can bring one carry-on and one personal item, but if you’re traveling on a basic economy fare, you’re allowed one personal item only (unless you’re a MileagePlus Premier Member, are traveling internationally or have a MileagePlus credit card, like the United℠ Business Card ).

Including handles and wheels, the maximum dimensions for a carry-on are 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high.

Personal items are limited to 17 inches long, 10 inches wide and 9 inches high.

United doesn't publish weight limits for carry-ons.

» Learn more: What you need to know about United Airlines baggage and other fees

Depending on the airline you fly with as well as how long you’re traveling for, you might wonder whether you’re better off traveling with a checked bag rather than a carry-on . This can be especially relevant if you’ve got some liquids with you that exceed the TSA carry-on liquid limits.

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If your credit card offers reimbursement for the application fee for programs like TSA PreCheck or Global Entry, you must pay the fee with the card. You cannot submit a claim for reimbursement if you paid with some other method. Reimbursement will usually appear as a statement credit in your account within two months.

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Before you even make it to your departure gate, you have to clear a TSA checkpoint. This means you must adhere to the TSA liquid limit in order to make it through security.

Containers that are 3.4 ounces or less are allowed, but there are other rules to keep in mind as well.

Carry-on liquid limit

The TSA liquid rule — also known as the 3-1-1 rule (3 ounces, 1 bag per 1 person) — is straightforward: "You are allowed to bring a quart-sized bag of liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes in your carry-on bag and through the checkpoint. These are limited to travel-sized containers that are 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less per item." Any liquids in larger containers will have to go into checked baggage (and are subject to overweight fees).

A basic clear, zip-top container qualifies as an eligible quart-size bag for passing through security.

The easiest way to manage the amount of fluids in your carry-on is to start with containers that are no larger than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters and your quart-sized bag.

The maximum carry-on liquid size and amount will depend on how much you can fit into your single quart-sized bag.

3-1-1 liquids rule exemptions

The 3-1-1 liquid rule has several exceptions if you're traveling with certain liquid medicines or baby food.

TSA allows larger amounts of certain medically necessary liquids, gels and aerosols in "reasonable quantities" for your trip. The amount allowed is not stated.

The only catch? You must declare the medication to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection, alongside any accessories associated with your medicine, such as freezer packs or syringes.

Labeling your medical items can help facilitate the screening process.

Formula and breast milk are considered medically necessary liquids, and thus exempt from the carry-on liquid limit. Water and juice for babies is also allowed in quantities greater than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters.

These child and infant nourishment items are allowed in carry-on baggage and do not need to fit within a quart-sized bag. You may also bring teethers that are gel- or liquid-filled and canned/jarred/processed baby food in your carry-on baggage.

» Learn more: 7 ways to avoid paying bag fees

Duty-free liquids

The final exemption to TSA liquid limits apply to duty-free liquids purchased during inbound international flights. It's important that these bags are secure and temper evident and stored in a transparent bag.

Be sure to keep the item's original receipt handy in case a TSA officer asks to see it.

» Learn more: Can you bring food through TSA?

The only flammables allowed in a carry-on are cigars, cigarettes, disposable and Zippo lighters, and dry batteries (like AAs or AAAs).

Camping and sports equipment

You can carry-on an air mattress with a built-in pump (by following special instructions), antlers, basketballs, footballs, baseballs, soccer balls, bike chains and bike pumps. Bicycle allowances vary by airline, but baseball bats, bear spray and bear bangers are never allowed — nor is aerosol insecticide.

Other items

There are some banned items, including knives, firearms and box cutters. A full list of which can be found on TSA’s website .

Still not sure if something you plan to carry-on is restricted? Send a photo to AskTSA on Twitter or Facebook Messenger to find out.

» Learn more: What foods you can bring on a plane

No matter which airline you fly with, first make sure you know what size carry-on you’re allowed to bring onboard and are familiar with (and prepared for) TSA’s carry-on restrictions, too. Then, you can expect a smoother and less stressful airport and airliner experience.

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Carry-On Luggage Rules: Everything You Can (and Can't) Bring with You on a Plane

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) carry-on rules can be confusing, but this trusty checklist will make packing for your next flight a breeze.

Highlights: * Has worked as a fact checker for Real Simple since 2022 * Worked as a staff writer for Mochi Magazine * Currently runs and operates the United States blog for Student Beans

• Okay to Carry On
• Not Okay to Carry On
• Leave at Home

Penalties for Not Complying

Prepping for a trip is a lot easier when you know what you can and can't put in your carry-on luggage. To help you avoid unpleasant surprises at the TSA checkpoint, we've broken down the rules into three lists: stuff you can carry on board, stuff you have to check, and stuff you can't carry on or check, so don't even bother traveling with it. Keep these guidelines in mind while you pack—and whenever you're choosing new luggage pieces —so you know how much you need to fit where.

What You Can Bring on a Plane in Your Carry-On

Small tools.

Certain small tools, such as screwdrivers, wrenches, and pliers, are permitted, as long as they're seven inches or less in length. You can also carry on nail clippers, pill cutters, bottle openers, and small scissors with blades measuring four inches or less from the pivot point. All other tools should be securely wrapped (if sharp) and packed in checked baggage.

Nonflammable liquids, gels, and aerosols—including food, drinks, and toiletries—in quantities of 3.4 ounces or less

Nearly all liquids (like beverages, contact lens solution, shampoo, makeup products, liquid medicine, nail polish, perfume/cologne, and face toner); gels (like hair gel, toothpaste, hand sanitizer, and face serum); and aerosols (products dispensed in a pressurized spray can or bottle, like hairspray, dry shampoo, and spray-on deodorant)—are allowed in your carry-on luggage. However, they must be in a 3.4-ounce or smaller container and fit together in one quart-size clear zip-top plastic bag. That's known as the 3-1-1 rule, and it also applies to food like peanut butter and creamy cheese, as well as alcohol (yes, mini bottles of booze are allowed as long as the alcohol content is less than 70%). So if you have a six-ounce tub of lotion and you've already used more than half of it, you're still not allowed to bring it through TSA security and onto the plane. However, exceptions to these rules can include medically necessary liquids, such as insulin and baby formula.

Matches and lighters

Passengers may carry on common lighters and one book of safety matches—however, strike-anywhere matches (those that can be lit by striking against any rough, dry surface) are prohibited in both checked and carry-on luggage. No matches, including safety matches, are permitted in checked baggage.

You can pack dry batteries (AA, AAA, C, and D) in either carry-on or checked bags. Lithium batteries with 100 watt hours or less may be carried on the plane or checked, as long as they're in a device. Loose lithium batteries may only be carried on and cannot be checked.

Knitting needles

Materials for knitting and needlepoint are allowed in carry-on bags and checked luggage. Make sure any knitting needles are wrapped or otherwise protected to prevent injuring luggage handlers and inspectors.

Wrapped presents can be carried on board, provided the contents meet safety and security regulations. But since security screeners may unwrap gifts for inspection, it's advisable to leave presents unwrapped until you reach your destination.

Electronics

Portable electronic items are typically allowed on board. Those that are smaller than a standard-size laptop, such as cellphones and tablet devices, do not have to be removed from baggage during screening. Larger electronics, including laptops, full-size video-game consoles, and full-size DVD players, must be removed from their cases, placed in a separate bin, and screened individually at security checkpoints.

Medication and medical equipment

All prescription and over-the-counter medications can be carried on board in unspecified quantities. Other medical necessities, including but not limited to inhalers, EpiPens, canes, casts, blood sugar test kits, crutches, liquid nutrition for passengers with a disability, and items used for medical or cosmetic reasons, such as mastectomy products, can also be packed in carry-on luggage . These items must be declared to screeners before going through security and are subject to additional screening.

Baby food, equipment, and needs

Baby formula, breast milk, juice, gel- or liquid-filled teethers, and canned, jarred, or processed baby food are permitted on board the airplane if a baby or a small child is traveling. These items do not need to meet the 3-1-1 rule like other liquids and gels do, but must be removed from your carry-on luggage, declared to screeners before going through security, and are subject to additional screening. In addition to food and formulas, baby wipes, child car seats, breast pumps, and baby carriers can be taken through security and onto the plane.

Expensive items

Though not an official requirement, jewelry, currency, and other valuable items should always be carried with you, provided they meet security regulations. It's a good idea to stash them in a separate compartment to keep them organized in travel bags or carry-ons.

E-liquids, electronic cigarettes, and vaping devices

As long as the amount of e-liquid you're carrying onboard is less than 3.4 ounces, it is allowed through security—quantities larger than 3.4 ounces must be checked. However, battery-powered e-cigarettes, vaporizers, vape pens, atomizers, and electronic nicotine delivery systems can only be taken on board the aircraft in your carry-on or on your person. The FAA prohibits all these devices in checked bags.

Disposable and electric razors

Both disposable and electric razors are allowed in either carry-on or checked luggage. Safety and straight razors must be checked.

Wedding dress

You can carry a wedding dress through security and onto your flight, but take precautions first. Pack the dress carefully and thoroughly in a protected garment bag. Contact your airline to ask about their policy for stowing the garment safely in the cabin and whether it counts as your carry-on item (you may be charged extra). In addition, you should arrive early to the airport to ensure you get through security and to the gate early enough to talk with an airline agent about stowing the dress onboard.

Small pets are allowed to travel with passengers through security checkpoints, but it's your responsibility to contact the airline for their specific policy. Pets need to be taken out of their carrier (which will also need to go through security) and screened by security.

Restricted Items NOT Allowed on a Plane in Your Carry-On

Sharp objects.

Sharp objects include a wide array of items, such as box cutters, ice axes and picks, knives (including pocket knives, but excluding plastic or round-bladed butter knives), meat cleavers, razor-type blades, and scissors that exceed four inches (smaller scissors can be carried on). Note that any sharp objects in your checked bags should be covered or securely wrapped to prevent injury to baggage handlers and inspectors.

Sporting goods and athletic equipment

With the exception of balls, many pieces of sporting equipment, such as baseball bats, golf clubs, ski poles, hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks, martial arts weapons, hiking poles, and tent spikes/poles, are prohibited from carry-on luggage and must be transported in checked baggage. However, some exceptions include tennis rackets, fishing poles, snow shoes, and longboards. Bicycles are sometimes allowed on flights, but it varies by airline—check with your airline for details.

Self-defense items

Self-defense sprays (like mace or pepper spray) and other items, such as billy clubs, black jacks, brass knuckles, kubotans, and other martial-arts weapons, are not permitted past security.

Gel-type candles

While solid wax candles are allowed in carry-on and checked luggage, gel-like candles can only be transported via checked bags.

Large quantities of alcohol (more than 3.4 ounces)

You can check up to five liters of adult beverages (as long as they contain less than 70% alcohol) in unopened retail packaging.

Guns and ammunition

Well-packaged ammunition and well-packaged, unloaded firearms, BB guns, compressed-air guns (e.g., paintball markers), pellet guns, starter pistols, and replicas can be put in your checked luggage but must be declared at check-in. Per TSA regulations on guns: "Firearms carried in checked bags must be unloaded, packed in a locked hard-sided container, and declared to the airline at check-in." And on ammunition: "Small arms ammunitions must be securely packed in fiber, wood or metal boxes, or other packaging specifically designed to carry small amounts of ammunition. Ask the airline about limitations or fees." When in doubt, ask your airline about specific rules and regulations for checking firearms.

Items You're Not Allowed to Check OR Carry-On, So Leave Them at Home

Alcoholic beverages over 140 proof.

Any beverage with over 70% alcohol content, such as grain alcohol and 151 proof rum, cannot be checked or taken onto the plan in your carry-on bag.

Flammable items

Aerosol cans (except limited quantities of personal care items that are 3.4 ounces or less), butane, fuels, gasoline, gas torches, lighter fluid, strike-anywhere matches, flammable paints, turpentine, paint thinner, arc lighters, plasma lighters, electronic lighters, E-lighters, and replicas of incendiaries cannot be transported in any way on passenger airlines.

Explosive materials

Passengers cannot bring items such as fireworks, flares, hand grenades, blasting caps, dynamite, and replicas of explosive materials onboard aircrafts.

Chlorine, bleach, spillable batteries, spray paint, fertilizers, tear gas, and fire extinguishers are considered dangerous and are not permitted on commercial passenger aircrafts.

Outdoor and wildlife safety products

Items such as bear bangers (intended to scare away bears without harming them) and bear spray are not allowed on commercial aircraft.

The agency will impose fines of up to several thousand dollars for attempting to carry on certain weapons or other dangerous materials. In other instances, you'll have to hand over the item or leave the security line to check it or, in the case of liquids, dump some of it out. (And then go back through security, which is a drag!) Some items may require additional screening. Ultimately, the TSA agent can make the final call on what's allowed through security.

Transportation Security Administration. Civil Enforcement . Accessed December 17, 2022.

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• For Travelers

Learn What I Can Bring on the Plane

Learn what you can bring on the plane by reviewing the Transportation Security Administration's (TSA) list of what you can bring on the plane, what you cannot bring on the plane, and TSA's Liquids 3-1-1 rule.

Please note that the final decision rests with the TSA officer on whether an item is allowed through the checkpoint.

For items not listed on the site, simply snap a picture or send a question to AskTSA on Facebook Messenger or Twitter . TSA looks forward to answering your questions, from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. ET weekdays; 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. weekends/holidays.

What Can I Bring?

Know what you can pack in your carry-on and checked baggage before arriving at the airport.

What Should I Not Bring?

Know what you can pack before arriving at the airport by checking the prohibited items list.

Liquids 3-1-1 Rule

Read TSA’s liquid rule when bringing liquids in carry-on and checked luggage.

Other Travel Considerations

TSA.gov also has information to help those in specific situations, including:

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Carry-On Baggage

1 Carry-On Bag

1 Personal Item

Each passenger flying with Delta can bring 1 carry-on bag and 1 personal item free of charge (such as a purse, laptop bag or item of similar size that will fit underneath the seat in front of you). If you plan to bring roll-aboard luggage or a large bag to store in the overhead bin, you can find size information , Go to footer note below. Note: Carry-on bag exceptions apply for passengers traveling with an infant-in-arms and for passengers traveling with pets in the cabin .

When packing, please remember that flight attendants are unable to proactively assist customers placing carry-on baggage into overhead bins, with certain exceptions. In addition to keeping customers and crew members safe and healthy, this change also protects flight attendants by decreasing the likelihood of injury caused by repetitive lifting.

Review the following guidelines for approved personal items that you can bring, including items that are free to carry on like child safety seats.

Approved Personal Items

Bringing a personal item? Pick an item like this or of a similar size to store beneath the seat in front of you during your flight.

• 1 purse, briefcase, small backpack, camera bag or diaper bag
• 1 laptop bag (computers cannot be checked, unless directed to by security)
• 1 item of similar or smaller size to those listed

Free Items to Carry On

These items are free to carry on your flight, in addition to your usual carry-on items. Flight attendants can assist you with larger items, like strollers.

• A jacket and/or umbrella
• Food or drink purchased past the security checkpoint
• Duty-free merchandise
• Special items like strollers , wheelchairs , child safety seats or assistive devices , like crutches

Whether it’s a duffel for an overnight trip or a roll-aboard bag for a much longer stay, arrive knowing that you can easily store your bag in an overhead bin. The faster you can stow your bag, the faster your flight will be on its way.

Make sure your bag fits this size or reference size check displays located at ticket counters and gates.

• Combined length + width + height of baggage must not exceed 45 linear inches (114 cm)
• Individual length, width and height measurements may not exceed 22” x 14” x 9” (56 cm x 35 cm x 23 cm) respectively
• These measurements include any handles or wheels, but do not apply to small musical instruments that fit in the overhead or under-seat space
• If your bag doesn’t fit or an exceptionally-full flight is short on overhead bin space, a flight attendant or gate agent can assist you by checking your bags at the gate.
• Passengers traveling on Delta Connection flights, including flights with 50 seats or less, are only permitted to carry personal items on board the aircraft due to limited overhead space. Personal items must be able to fit securely under the seat in front of the passenger or overhead bins. Due to crowded flights, some carry-on bags may be gate checked, free of charge, during the boarding process and returned upon deplaning. Please ensure that a pink Gate Claim/Planeside tag is securely attached to the carry-on item. Assistive devices are not subject to this restriction.
• If you need information about potentially hazardous or irregular items, like knitting needles or razors, please consult the TSA for updated guidelines .
• Airline Partner Notice: Our SkyTeam and codeshare partners may have different guidelines and restrictions on certain flights, so be sure to check before you check in.

While many things are allowed in your carry-on and personal item when you travel, be sure to consider things that are limited for your safety. Most countries restrict the size of containers with liquids, gels, aerosols and pastes — even in partially empty containers during security. Pack ahead of time and place larger liquid items in your checked luggage.

• Limit liquids, gels, aerosols and pastes items to a maximum of 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters
• Place all items in one single quart-size, zip-top bag of clear plastic
• At security, remove your quart-size bag and place it in a bin

Liquids, gels, aerosols and pastes include anything like beverages, creams, hair gel, hair spray, shampoo, suntan lotions, toothpaste or any item of similar consistency. Special provisions are usually made by the TSA for necessary items such as medication, breast milk, and juice or formula for infants - which can receive a special screening for your convenience.

Review TSA Guidelines

Some countries have a program that lets you purchase duty-free items, which are placed in specially sealed bags by the vendor. You can then travel within that country or region with your item in your possession or in your carry-on.

If your travel takes you through a security check-in in a country that does not recognize the same program, you may or may not have the opportunity to place the item in your checked baggage. If you are unable to place the item in your checked baggage, it may be confiscated.

For specific guidelines, visit the U.S. Transportation Security Administration , the United Kingdom’s Department for Transport or the European Union’s European Commission .

How many bags may I carry on?

You may bring one carry-on item onboard the aircraft, plus one personal item. See our carry-on allowance for further information.

Passengers travelling on Delta Connection flights with 50 seats or less are permitted to carry personal items onboard the aircraft. Due to limited overhead and under seat space, larger items will be tagged with a pink Gate Claim/Planeside tag and loaded in the cargo bin. These bags will be returned to the passenger upon deplaning.

All carry-on items must meet Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations and may not exceed 22" x 14" x 9". The FAA mandates that all carry-on items fit under a seat or in an enclosed storage compartment.

Our gate or flight personnel may need to further limit the amount of carry-on baggage for a particular flight, depending on the cabin storage capacity of the plane and the expected number of passengers.

Are carry-on items included in Delta's Baggage Liability?

We do not assume liability for unchecked items unless they are given to our personnel for storage during the flight or otherwise delivered into our custody for travel.

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Carry-On Baggage Tips

Planning a trip? Thinking about carrying on your luggage for your next flight? If so, here are a few tips for you:

Think Small…

• The maximum size carry-on bag for most airlines is 45 linear inches (the total of the height, width, and depth of the bag). Anything larger should be checked.
• Some aircraft have limited overhead bin space, and your personal item will need to fit under the seat in front of you.
• Check with your airline if you plan to travel with oversized packages or luggage.

Think Smart…

• Start with an empty bag to ensure nothing was left inside that shouldn’t be there.
• Some items are only allowed in your carry-on. Before you pack your bags, know what goes in checked, what must carry on and what you should leave at home. Learn how to pack dangerous goods safely in our PackSafe chart . 
• Check with your airline before packing to determine its carry-on guidelines regarding the number of items you may carry on and the maximum size of those items. Some airline rules are stricter than posted regulations. 
• The airline may require most or even all of your bags to be checked, so be prepared to do so. Learn more about gate-checked bags .

Think Safe…

• Carry-on items which may fall from overhead bins can injure you or other passengers during flight or in the event of an emergency evacuation.
• Stow heavy items under the seat in front of you, not overhead.
• Tuck in bag straps to avoid a tripping hazard.
• Don't stack items in the overhead storage bin.
• If an emergency evacuation is necessary, leave your carry-on items on the plane. Retrieving personal items may impede the safe evacuation of passengers.
• If you are asked to check your bag at the gate or planeside, remove your spare batteries and lithium battery powered devices to keep them in the cabin with you. These could include power banks, vapes, cell phones, laptops, etc. 

Have a Question?

• Call your airline or visit its website.
• Check with your travel agent.
• Visit the  Air Travel  section of the Transportation Security Administration website.
• For questions on packing hazmat or dangerous goods, contact the FAA at [email protected] .

3-1-1 Rule for Liquids in Carry-on Bags

Find out what's allowed before you pack

When you're going through airport security on your next vacation or business flight, you might notice a posted rule by the Transportation Security Administration called the 3-1-1 Rule, which dictates how much liquid travelers are allowed in their carry-on bags. Still, you might not understand exactly what this regulation means for your traveling needs.

The 3-1-1 Rule refers to three core components that govern how many liquids you can bring in your carry-on bags: Each liquid must be in a 3.4-ounce or less container ("3"), all containers must be placed inside one clear quart-sized plastic bag ("1"), and each passenger is only allowed one plastic bag ("1").

In sum, the 3-1-1 Rule states that you can carry as much liquid as can fit inside 3.4-ounce containers that fit inside one plastic quart-sized bag; however, you can bring as much liquid as you feel comfortable carrying in your checked bags as long as these liquids do not violate other TSA regulations that dictate what you can and cannot fly with in general.

How to Pack Your Liquids in Carry-ons

Whether you're hoping to bring your favorite shampoo or conditioner on your weekend trip or need to take contact solution on your flight, you'll need to properly pack liquids to get them through the TSA security checkpoint without hassle.

You'll want to start by either buying travel-size bottles of your favorite products or by purchasing travel toiletry bottles , which you can buy online, at most supermarkets, or home goods stores, and filling them with enough of your favorite products to get you through your trip. Then pack each of these inside a quart-sized ziplock (or other sealable) plastic bag—you should be able to fit four or five.

It's recommended that you pack this bag of bottles in your carry-on last, on top of your clothing and other times, because you'll need to pull the bag out and put it in one of the security checkpoint bins to pass through the X-ray machine. You can also stow it conveniently in an outside zip pocket for easy access.

Liquids That Are and Aren't Allowed

You might be surprised to learn that you can bring travel-size bottles of alcohol in your carry-on or that you can't carry creamy dips or spread as a snack in your suitcase if it exceeds 3.4 ounces, but knowing these rules will help you avoid additional screening at the TSA checkpoint.

You can bring blenders (with blades removed), alcoholic beverages less than 3.4 ounces that do not exceed 70 percent in alcohol content, baby food, some canned foods, and even live lobsters, but you cannot bring gel heating pads, any wet foods that exceed 3.4 ounces, ice cream of any quantity, or firearms of any type. 

For a complete list of all items that are forbidden and permitted through TSA security checkpoints at airports, make sure to check out the TSA website before your flight—you can even snap a picture of an item you're questioning and ask them on the TSA Facebook page whether or not it is allowed.

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Carry-on bags

Know what you can carry on

There are some items that can only travel in your carry-on bag (and some items that must be checked). Make sure you know where to pack these restricted items – and if you can carry them on.

Restricted items

• TSA restricted items Opens another site in a new window that may not meet accessibility guidelines

1 personal item and 1 carry-on

Personal items.

Your personal item like a purse or small handbag must fit under the seat in front of you. Dimensions should not exceed 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 20 cm).

These don’t count as your personal item or carry-on:

• Diaper bags (1 per child)
• Breast pump
• Small, soft-sided cooler of breast milk
• Child safety seats, strollers and medical or mobility devices

Carry-on items

You can bring only one carry-on item along with your personal item. Your carry-on must fit in in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you. If it doesn’t fit, it will need to be checked. Be sure all your carry-on items are labeled in case they are checked.

Some airports and planes may have additional carry-on restrictions.

Carry-on bag

The total size of your carry-on, including the handles and wheels, cannot exceed 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm) and must fit in the sizer at the airport.

Soft-sided garment bag

Your soft-sided garment bag cannot exceed 51 inches / 130 cm (length + width + height).

Musical instruments

Your musical instrument must fit in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you.

Traveling with musical instruments

Regional flights on American Eagle ® planes have limited overhead bin space. If your carry-on is larger than the personal item dimensions, you must valet your bag before boarding.* We’ll tag and check your bag at the gate for you free of charge. When you arrive, you’ll receive your bag on the jetbridge after exiting the plane.

Remove any batteries, electronic cigarettes and other restricted items from checked bags.

*Embraer ERJ-175 planes allow carry-on bags and don’t offer valet service.

Carry-on pets

For carry-on pets, review our policy for guidelines, limitations, and restrictions.

Traveling with carry-on pets

TSA allows certain duty-free liquids through security in your carry-on bag if they’re packaged in a security tamper-evident bag. If you’re traveling with liquids or are unsure about any item, please contact the TSA.

TSA liquids rule Opens another site in a new window that may not meet accessibility guidelines

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Everything You Need to Know About the TSA’s Liquid Limit

The tsa allows liquids under 3.4 ounces in your carry-on—but what’s considered a “liquid” isn’t always obvious..

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Don’t forget to remove your liquids when going through TSA screening.

Photo by Jaromir Chalabala/Shutterstock

Whether you’re a carry-on-only kind of person or not , knowing the Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) liquid limits is essential for anyone who travels by plane in the United States. Yet understanding which of your toiletries, foods, and other items even count as “liquid”—let alone how best to pack them—can get confusing. Use this guide to understand the TSA’s rules and restrictions about liquids, common exceptions, and tips to help ensure your next airport security screening goes smoothly.

What is the TSA liquid limit?

The TSA’s liquid limit for carry-ons—known as the 3-1-1 rule—allows travelers to pack liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes under 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) in their carry-on bags. Passengers are allowed up to one quart-sized bag per person , or roughly nine 3.4-ounce containers in a single quart-sized bag. Anything more will have to go in a checked bag or risk being tossed out.

If your liquids are stored in containers larger than 3.4 ounces, even if there’s only 3.4 ounces left inside the bottle, you can’t bring them through security.

Completely empty bottles, such as your reusable water bottle , are allowed through the TSA checkpoint since (spoiler alert!) they don’t contain any liquids at that moment.

Which toiletries TSA allows in your carry-on

The TSA allows all of the following common toiletries in your carry-on only in containers that are 3.4 ounces or less:

• Shampoos and conditioners
• Lotions and sunscreen
• Gel hair products

In other words: yes, you can bring toothpaste, deodorant, and sunscreen through TSA checkpoints but only if they are in travel-sized containers.

Powders and powder-like substances, including baby powder and some makeup items, aren’t restricted in your carry-on bag. But if you’re carrying more than 12 ounces (350 milliliters) of a powder, you’ll need to place it in a separate bin for X-ray screening, and it may be subject to additional screening—so it’s a good idea to budget an extra few minutes at the security checkpoint if you think this might happen.

Tips for packing your toiletries in your carry-on

To comply with TSA regulations, invest in small, reusable toiletry bottles, like these capsules by Cadence.

Courtesy of Cadence

Especially if you don’t have TSA PreCheck , it’s helpful to pack all of your toiletries in a quart-sized (or smaller) clear plastic toiletry bag for screening. Although improved airport technology means that far fewer air passengers (both in PreCheck and non-PreCheck lines) will have to take their liquids out out of their carry-on, it’s still helpful to have all of your liquids in one bag just in case you get pulled aside for additional screening. For an upgrade from that large Ziplock, we recommend the standard-sized Clarity Jetset Case from Truffle ($88), which has a clear window panel and is comparable in size to a quart-sized bag.

Since toothpaste is considered a liquid, paste, or gel by the TSA, most of us toss those tiny one-ounce tubes in our carry-on bags. However, if you want to ditch the hard-to-recycle packaging, consider toothpaste tablets, an ecofriendly alternative that’s not subject to the 3-1-1 rule. We like Humankind’s fluoride toothpaste tablets ($12), which resemble small mints and turn to paste when you crush them between your teeth. Matador has also recently released a reusable toothpaste tube ($10), which you can fill (and refill) with your regular toothpaste.

For travel toiletries that are easy to rebottle (like shampoo or body wash), consider investing in reusable bottles or containers so you can always keep your preferred brand on hand. Some of our favorite TSA-approved toiletry bottles include:

Buy Now: GoToob three-pack of 3.4-ounce bottles, $30, rei.com

These easy-to-fill, leakproof silicone tubes are ideal for shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and body washes. GoToob’s line comes in a variety of sizes, ranging from 1.7 to 6 ounces, and are easy to clean between refills.

Matador FlatPack

Buy Now: $13 for one or $35 for three, matadorup.com

Each three-ounce, TSA-approved bottle is made from a durable, waterproof, nylon-based fabric. Like GoToob, they’re leakproof and easy to fill, but thanks to their flexible, fabric-like design, they will shrink to their contents, taking up less space in your pack. >> Read the full review of the Matador FlatPack

Buy Now: $14 for one or $74 for six, keepyourcadence.com

The refillable travel containers by Cadence are small, leakproof “capsules” that click together with magnets. At 0.56 ounces, they’re best for makeup and toiletries you don’t need much of—like a weekend’s worth of shampoo or a week of that under eye cream you only need a dab of.

Foods are subject to liquid limits

The TSA’s 3-1-1 rule applies to food too, meaning you’ll need to make sure any foods that count as liquids, gels, or pastes (like yogurt, peanut butter, pâté, jams, or that tasty pimento cheese spread you tried to bring home from Charleston) are less than 3.4 ounces or packed in your checked bag. There are some exceptions, like frozen foods and juice for babies, and the TSA’s website is the best resource to check for specific items.

Exceptions to TSA’s liquids rule: Full-sized liquids that you can bring through security

The TSA has several important exemptions to its liquids rule. You’re allowed to bring full-sized bottles of the following:

Hand sanitizer: Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the TSA currently allows travelers to bring up to 12 ounces of hand sanitizer in their carry-on bags. These will be screened separately.

Medication: You’re allowed to bring medically necessary liquids, aerosols, and gels through security. This also includes the ice or gel packs you may need to keep your medications cool. You are not required to store these items in a plastic, resealable bag, but you should remove them from your luggage and let the TSA officer know what you’ve packed.

Baby formula and breast milk: Like medication, you can bring freezer packs to keep these items cool, and you should remove them from your luggage and notify an agent when you go through security. More baby-related exceptions? Gel or liquid-filled teethers and canned or jarred baby food.

Of course, the final decision on whether an item is allowed through the checkpoint rests with the TSA officer.

If you’re ever unsure about a specific item, the TSA’s website has a handy, searchable list of prohibited and allowed items worth checking before you travel. You can also now text the TSA with your questions.

This article was originally published in 2022. It has been most recently updated on March 21, 2023, with additional information.

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Airline Carry-on Luggage Size Restrictions: What You Need to Know

The vacation countdown is almost over, and it's time to get packing. Before you print that boarding pass and set your out-of-office message , though, it's important to conduct a bit of research to avoid any hiccups at the gate — especially with your cargo. Though many travel rules vary depending on what region of the world you're heading to or from, carry-on luggage size limits remain a consistent, steadfast metric for the vast majority of airlines.

Sure, you might occasionally be able to sneak onboard with a bag that's a bit oversized or overweight, but it's always smarter to plan ahead. To ensure you get from point A to point B smoothly, choosing the best carry-on luggage to fit the fine print will make for less travel stress. Skip the Googling and follow this guide to know what size suitcase to bring on your next trip — no TSA bargaining, pleading, or, worst of all, last-minute checking required.

To get started, let's begin with these frequently asked questions.

What size is carry-on luggage?

Though you might find an inch or two of a difference with various airlines, the standard domestic carry-on luggage size is 22" x 14" x 9", which includes the handle and the wheels. This size limit ensures your bag — and ideally everyone else's — will be able to be stored safely in the overhead bin for your flight. By far, the biggest benefit of traveling with carry-on luggage is being able to transport your belongings yourself without entrusting them to the airline and hoping they'll arrive at your destination on time and in one, undamaged piece.

What is the weight limit for carry-on luggage?

For many major domestic airlines — think: Delta, Southwest, JetBlue — there are no weight restrictions for carry-on bags. You'll just have to be able to lift it above your head into the storage bin. And in most cases, even if airlines do list a specific pound or kilogram limit on their websites, they likely won't weigh your carry-on bags. As long as your pack doesn't appear to be overstuffed, you're probably OK. Weight is much more important for small commuter planes, mostly due to safety regulations.

T+L Backpack Recommendation Quiz

Packing tip.

Looking to create even more room in your carry-on? Try using vacuum-sealed storage bags — you can buy them at Amazon.

What is a personal item?

In addition to your carry-on suitcase, many airlines also allow a personal item. This can be a laptop bag , a purse, a briefcase, a beach bag — whatever you like, as long as it is generally small. Personal item restrictions vary by airline, and some choose not to include any specifics at all. In those cases, the general rule of thumb is an item smaller in dimension and weight than your carry-on bag. For families flying with a travel stroller or diaper bag or those traveling with uncommon additions like a wedding dress or an instrument can rest assured that most carriers will let you bring these along with your carry-on luggage and your personal item, but we recommend you contact the airline in advance to confirm this.

What is the best carry-on luggage?

As with any travel gear, everyone has a different opinion on the best luggage brands , but the best buy for you is ultimately the one that suits your needs as a traveler. If you're constantly on the road, invest in a durable bag that can keep up. If you take one or two vacations a year, you can go with something more affordable. These days, you don't have to stick to legacy brands to get a quality suitcase. Many up-and-comers offer some really solid options whether you prefer softside or hardside luggage , two-wheel rollaboards, or hassle-free backpacks . Before you buy, take note of the dimensions in comparison with the airlines you prefer to fly to be sure you're shopping on the safe side.

What is allowed in a carry-on bag?

What you pack in your carry-on bag is regulated, as well. In addition to the same rules that apply to checked bags, which prohibit firearms, lithium batteries, and other potentially hazardous items, you must be mindful of liquids when packing your carry-on luggage. Regardless of your destination, you cannot bring containers of liquid, paste, aerosol, gel, or cream larger than 3.4 ounces through security. Make sure to check the specific rules of your carrier, too, so you won't be forced to throw anything away at the gate.

What is the standard international carry-on size?

To be sure your bag is accepted on all carriers, you'll want to get a suitcase that stands at 21'' or less. It's especially smart to look into luggage size restrictions when you're flying with smaller, regional airlines outside of the U.S. as each is able to set its own limits.

Keep reading for some more airline-specific information.

Alaska Airlines

• Carry-on luggage size: 22'' x 14'' x 9''
• Carry-on luggage weight maximum: not specified
• Personal item: one personal item such as a purse, briefcase, or laptop bag

Allegiant Air

• Carry-on luggage size: 22'' x 14'' x 9''; fee applies ($10-75)
• Personal item: 7'' x 15'' x 16''

When booking with a budget airline, it's imperative to read the fine print. In most cases, when the low fare seems like steal, traveling light is the only way to keep it that way. With Allegiant, your personal item is free, but there's a fee for your carry-on.

American Airlines

• Carry-on luggage size: 22'' x 14'' x 10''
• Personal item: 18'' x 14'' x 8''; must fit under the seat in front of you

American Airlines' fares include both a carry-on and personal item, even in Basic Economy.

Delta Air Lines

• Personal item: one purse, briefcase, camera bag, or diaper bag

There are three exceptions:

Singapore, Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN): 15 pounds or 7 kg

Beijing, Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK): 22 pounds or 10 kg for domestic travel

Shanghai, Pudong International Airport (PVG): 22 pounds or 10 kg

Frontier Airlines

• Carry-on luggage size: 24'' x 16'' x 10''
• Carry-on luggage weight maximum: 35 pounds
• Personal item: 8'' x 18'' x 14''

Hawaiian Airlines

• Carry-on luggage size: 45 linear inches
• Carry-on luggage weight maximum: 25 pounds
• Personal item: one purse, briefcase, laptop bag, backpack, or similar piece; must fit under the seat in front of you
• Carry-on luggage weight: None specified
• Personal item: 17'' x 13'' x 8''

There's a reason JetBlue has such a cult following: not only does it give guests more legroom, but it alleviates a bit of the carry-on luggage size limit stress, too. Though the carry-on size restrictions are the same as most airlines, the personal item dimensions are larger.

Southwest Airlines

• Personal item: 18.5'' x 8.5'' x 13.5''; must fit under the seat in front of you

Another generous airline, Southwest's personal item and carry-on size limits are spacier than most.

Spirit Airlines

• Carry-on luggage size: 22'' x 18'' x 10''
• Personal item: 18'' x 14'' x 8''

United Airlines

• Personal item: 17'' x 10'' x 9''; must fit in the seat in front of you

Related Articles

Airline carry-on luggage size: Everything you need to know

One of the most stressful parts of flying can be the packing process, especially if you're trying to fit your items into one or two carry-on bags.

Regardless of whether you are flying a U.S. carrier or internationally, your flying with both a full-sized carry-on and personal item depends on the policy of the specific carrier. We've outlined many of those policies in this guide. Additionally, all airlines have size requirements, and some have weight restrictions.

Read on for all you need to know about traveling with carry-on bags.

What size is carry-on luggage?

As you've likely observed, most domestic airlines allow passengers one personal item that fits underneath the seat in front of them and one larger carry-on suitable for the overhead bin.

Some airlines specify size requirements for both items, while others only restrict the overhead baggage. Just remember that a carrier's policy for the larger carry-on accounts for the size of your entire bag, including your luggage's handles and wheels.

The standard size requirements across the board for most domestic airlines for your larger carry-on is around 22 by 14 by 9 inches, so that's a good rule of thumb to keep in mind.

Here are the carry-on policies broken down by U.S. airlines:

Carry-on items stored overhead must be 24 by 16 by 10 inches. Personal items for under the seat – including purses, briefcases, cameras, food containers, laptops and backpacks — cannot be larger than 16 1/4 by 13 1/2 by 8 inches.

The combined length, width and height of carry-on baggage should be less than 45 inches. Individual items must be less than 22 by 14 by 9 inches.

American Airlines passengers should heed the 18 by 14 by 8-inch limit for personal items and 22 by 14 by 9 inches (including handles and wheels) for overhead items, which also must fit in the sizer at the gate.

All under-seat personal items on United must measure within 9 by 10 by 17 inches, while larger items cannot exceed 22 by 14 by 9 inches, including handles and wheels.

Similar to the other domestic carriers on this list, JetBlue says that personal items must measure less than 17 by 13 by 8 inches, handles and wheels included, while overhead items shall be smaller than 22 by 14 by 9 inches.

Alaska Airlines

Alaska Airlines recently changed their carry-on bag size limit for overhead items to be within 22 by 14 by 9 inches, including the wheels and handles.

Hawaiian Airlines

Carry-on items aboard Hawaiian Airlines flights cannot exceed 22 by 14 by 9 inches.

The standard carry-on size for international carriers is slightly smaller than that of the U.S., measuring overall at 21.7 by 15.7 by 9 inches, including handles and wheels.

Here are the carry-on policies for economy passengers on major international carriers:

• Air Canada: 21.5 by 15 by 9 inches.
• British Airways: 22 by 18 by 10 inches.
• Emirates: 21 by 14 by 7 inches.
• Singapore Airlines: The sum of length, width and height of each piece should measure less than 45 inches.
• Cathay Pacific: 22 by 14 by 9 inches.
• Air New Zealand: The sum of length, width and height of each piece must measure less than 46.5 inches.
• Turkish Airlines: 21 by 15 by 9 inches.
• Virgin Atlantic: 22 by 14 by 9 inches.
• ANA: 22 by 16 by 9 inches.
• Korean Air: The total dimensions of the bag must be less than 45 inches (20 by 21 by 15 inches).
• Japan Airlines: 22 by 16 by 10 inches.
• La Compagnie: 21 ⅔ by 13 ¾ by 9 ⅚ inches.

Read more: Your essential guide to duty-free shopping at the airport

Is a carry-on considered a personal item?

As mentioned, all airlines differentiate between smaller personal items and larger carry-on items. If your carry-on bag fits under the seat in front of you, it's considered a personal item, which includes small backpacks, purses, briefcases and laptop bags.

Larger bags, including suitcases that fit in the overhead bin compartment, are labeled as larger carry-on items.

Most domestic airlines allow passengers two carry-on items, depending on their fare type. For example, Southwest stands out among carriers for allowing passengers two free carry-on bags and two checked bags, regardless of fare type. That's also the case for Delta, American, Alaska and Hawaiian passengers.

The cheapest fare types on both United (basic economy) and JetBlue (Blue Basic) restrict fliers to one personal item that can fit under the seat in front of you.

Among international carriers, your fare type also determines whether you are eligible to bring one or two carry-on items, so be sure to pay attention to baggage allotments when booking.

For carry-on guidelines for specific airlines, see our guide for the current carry-on baggage policies for 10 major U.S. and international carriers .

Carry-on luggage weight limits

Though airlines care about size, most domestic airlines do not have weight restrictions for carry-on bags, but some enforce weight limits for specific routes. For example, Delta restricts passengers flying to and from Beijing and Shanghai to a 22-pound carry-on, while bags are limited to 15 pounds to and from Singapore.

Low-cost airlines Frontier and Sun Country both have 35-pound limits, while Hawaiian Airlines limits their carry-on bags to 25 pounds.

Otherwise, you won't likely find a blanket weight policy for carry-on bags for domestic carriers.

Just make sure your bag does not weigh too much that it becomes oversized.

On the other hand, the majority of international carriers specify weight requirements for carry-on bags dependent on the fare type. For economy fares, carry-on weight limits vary among major carriers, including:

• Emirates, Singapore Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Qatar Airways, Air New Zealand: 15 pounds.
• Turkish Airlines: 17 pounds.
• Virgin Atlantic, ANA, Korean Air, Japan Airlines: 22 pounds.
• La Compagnie: 39 pounds.
• British Airways: 51 pounds.

What is allowed in a carry-on bag?

The U.S. Transportation and Security Administration (TSA) monitors carry-on bags just as they do with checked luggage, prohibiting certain items, including firearms, lithium batteries and other potentially hazardous items outlined here .

Within those confines, you're further restricted to liquids less than 3.4 ounces per their 3-1-1 rule, limiting items like toothpaste, shampoo, conditioner, mouthwash and lotion to 3.4 fluid ounces within a quart-sized bag. TSA recommends you pack full-sized liquids in your checked luggage.

In addition to liquids, your carry-on is the safest place for your most valuable items, such as your purse, electronics, passport, jewelry and medicines.

For inbound international flights to the U.S., you can carry on liquids exceeding 3.4 ounces if purchased duty-free and remain in their secure, tamper-evident bags. You'll also want to hold on to your original receipt to show the purchase was made within the preceding 48 hours, which TSA may request for screening.

Other international border agencies have similar rules prohibiting bringing certain items on airplanes, so be sure to check with your individual airline regarding those rules.

Bottom line

Depending on your fare type, most domestic airlines generally permit travelers to carry on two items — one that fits underneath the seat in front of you, generally labeled as a personal item, and a second item that fits overhead. However, you must meet certain dimension thresholds, which vary by airline.

Personal items include small backpacks, purses, briefcases and laptop bags, while larger bags, including suitcases that lie fit in the overhead bin compartment, are labeled as larger carry-on items.

Carry-on policies greatly vary by international carriers, depending on the fare type, which also determines weight requirements for carry-on bags. However, U.S. airlines generally do not have weight restrictions for carry-on items.

Related: Here's what to pack in a carry-on bag every time you travel

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Vibrators, Weed, Plants: What Can You Take on a Plane?

Can you bring safety pins in your carry-on? What about a pool cue? Or how about a snow globe? The answers to those questions, in order, are yes, no and it’s complicated.

By Kasia Pilat

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Elyse Welles was traveling from Athens to Newark this spring when it finally happened: She was pulled aside for an additional security screening at her gate.

After some time searching through Ms. Welles’s backpack, the agent eventually grabbed a bullet-shaped vibrator from the bag and brandished it in the air. “Is this an e-cigarette?” the agent asked. “No, it’s a sex toy,” she responded with a smile, at which point her personal items were promptly returned to her and she was free to go.

Ms. Welles, a writer and life coach who lives in Artemida, Greece, said she didn’t give a second thought to traveling with her vibrator in tow.

While sex toys are accepted carry-on luggage in most countries, including the United States, there are certain restrictions when it comes to e-cigarettes on flights , because the devices could catch fire in transit.

As the number of air travelers rises, so do questions about flying protocols and rules — particularly what travelers can and cannot take in their carry-on luggage when flying within the United States. For instance: Is guacamole a solid or a liquid? (It’s a gel, which falls under the same restrictions as liquids and is not allowed in your carry-on — unless it’s inside a 3.4-ounce container.)

Here’s a guide to help you navigate the more ambiguous carry-on rules — with some quiz questions throughout to test your knowledge, too.

Which of these items is not allowed in your carry-on?

Foam toy sword

Toy lightsaber

Can I take my vibrator without causing a scene at security?

Let’s talk a little more about vibrators. Although most sex toys, including vibrators, are allowed in your carry-on, according to the Transportation Security Administration, they may still lead to a stop, as in Ms. Welles’s case. There are some ways to reduce the chances of these uncomfortable encounters, especially if something starts buzzing.

Shan Boodram, an intimacy expert and the host of the podcast Lovers and Friends , suggests removing any batteries or running batteries of rechargeable toys out before packing them. “Or, find a hard case to put it in that’s slightly larger so the power button has less of a chance of being pressed when pressure is applied to your bag,” she said.

There are also vibrators with built-in travel settings now, to prevent them from going off at an inopportune moment, like the Surge silicone rechargeable vibrator, which has a built-in travel lock.

What’s the liquid rule again?

“The most common mistake that we see people making in terms of prohibited items at airports are large liquids, gels and aerosols in carry-on bags,” said Lisa Farbstein, a spokeswoman for the T.S.A.

T.S.A.’s widely publicized 3-1-1 rule dictates that passengers may travel with liquids, gels and aerosols as long as they’re in 3.4-ounce containers in one quart-size resealable bag. So while a bottle of water won’t make it through a preflight screening, what about something in a more nebulous category, like a jar of peanut butter?

“If you can spill it, spread it, spray it, pump it or pour it,” Ms. Farbstein said, “it is a liquid, gel or aerosol.”

This is why a Magic 8 Ball , which is filled with liquid, is not allowed through a T.S.A. checkpoint. The same goes for a snow globe . Unless, of course, as Ms. Farbstein points out, either is a version that’s small enough to fit inside a traveler’s 3-1-1 bag.

The 3-1-1 rule was imposed after terrorists in Britain tried to sneak liquid explosives in planes in August 2006 . It’s these kinds of explosives that dogs are searching for when they sniff passengers’ bags at airports, Ms. Farbstein explained.

Is it OK to fly with weed now?

“T.S.A. is not looking for drugs,” Ms. Farbstein said. “Our dogs sniff for explosives; they don’t sniff for drugs.”

Do you know which of these items is a no-go onboard?

Sewing machine

But just because they’re not looking for drugs doesn’t mean agents never find them. If they do, T.S.A. officers are required to report suspected violations of law to the police, Ms. Farbstein said. And while marijuana has been legalized for recreational use in 19 states and for medical use in 37, it’s still illegal under federal law and is thus restricted on airplanes, even if it is technically legal in both the departure and destination states.

I bought a plant on my trip! Can I take it home?

Some plant lovers may want to fly home with a new addition for their collection.

Plants are allowed on domestic flights as long as they fit in the overhead bin or underneath the airplane seat, according to the T.S.A. website . Returning with potted plants from abroad, however, is prohibited, though a limited number of bare-root plants (not in soil) are allowed, as long as they meet certain criteria set by the Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. There’s also additional information for travelers arriving to the U.S. mainland from Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

“I always have my eye out for beautiful, healthy specimens of rare plants, so I like to snag them when I see them,” said Lexi Osterhoudt, a Ph.D. student in Columbia University’s Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular and Biomedical Studies. Oftentimes, she said, her plant souvenirs are impulse buys she picks up while traveling domestically, or they’re good finds that are more affordable than they would be if she bought them in New York, where she currently lives.

“I’ll Saran-wrap the pot to keep the soil together, put them in a paper bag and stick them under the seat in front of me,” she said.

Is my Harry Potter wand OK?

If any more clarification is needed, the T.S.A. has provided an extensive and searchable list where travelers can look up whichever items they’re concerned about bringing. Knitting needles , for example, are allowed in your carry-on, as are live fish , provided they’re in water and a clear transparent container. But wait — isn’t there a liquids rule?

“Live fish are indeed allowed to be transported through a security checkpoint,” Ms. Farbstein said. “And of course to keep them alive, they need to be in water. T.S.A. officers will screen the container of water that the fish are contained in. It will take additional time for the screening process. Live fish in water do not need to meet the 3-1-1 rule.”

Cremated human remains get a little more complicated , while cricket bats and cutting boards are best left in checked luggage. Musical instruments like violins are allowed after they undergo a T.S.A. screening, but for brass instruments , the suggestion is to check them. And if you’re a Harry Potter fan, fear not — wands are allowed on flights.

Despite the T.S.A.’s rules, there’s one item in particular that Ms. Farbstein said she still sees confiscated far too often: knives. “We see knives every day,” she said.

Last chance: Which item will get a “no” from the T.S.A. agent?

Waffle iron

Cast-iron pan

Bottle of ice

As many as four tons of different kinds of knives and large tools get confiscated at Newark Liberty International Airport in an average year, according to Ms. Farbstein. The T.S.A. then sends them off in bulk to the State of Pennsylvania, she said, which sells them for profit at a surplus store in Harrisburg .

Travelers should remember that knives of all kinds are not allowed on flights, said Ms. Farbstein.

Something that won’t get confiscated? A duffel bag holding eight rolls of Goetta sausage. However, it might land you on the T.S.A.’s Instagram account .

Quiz photographs by Tony Cenicola.

Audio produced by Tally Abecassis .

Follow New York Times Travel on Instagram , Twitter and Facebook . And sign up for our weekly Travel Dispatch newsletter to receive expert tips on traveling smarter and inspiration for your next vacation. Dreaming up a future getaway or just armchair traveling? Check out our 52 Places for a Changed World for 2022.

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52 Places:  Why do we travel? For food, culture, adventure, natural beauty? Our 2024 list has all those elements, and more .

The Alaska Highway:  On an epic road trip, a family plots a course from Alaska to the Lower 48, passing through some of Canada’s most spectacular scenery .

Minorca:  Spend 36 hours on this slow-paced Spanish island , which offers a quieter and wilder retreat than its more touristy neighbors.

Japan:  A new high-speed train stop unlocks Kaga, a destination for hot springs, nourishing food and traditional crafts , as an easy-to-reach getaway from Tokyo.

London:  The Victoria and Albert Museum is a treasure trove of art and design. Here’s one besotted visitor’s plan for taking it all in .

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Travel Checklist

Before packing.

• Start with an EMPTY bag (make sure all pockets and compartments don’t have any items in them)
• 3.4 ounces or less per container
• 1 quart size, clear, plastic, zip top bag (all liquids must fit in bag)
• 1 bag per passenger
•   Review the prohibited items list for both carry-on and checked baggage.
• If purchasing a baggage lock, be sure to look for those that are TSA recognized.
• Tape a card with your name and contact information on your electronics.

When Packing

• Pack items in layers (shoes one layer, clothes one layer, electronics one layer, etc.)
• Firearms are only allowed in checked baggage and must be unloaded, placed in a locked, hard-sided container and declared to your airline.
• All fireworks contain explosive materials and are not permitted in checked or carry-on baggage.
• Do not pack items such as box cutters, utility knives, and razors in carry-on luggage. Razor blades intended for shaving that are enclosed in a safety cartridge in which the blade cannot be removed are permitted.
• Pack large electronics on top layer of carry-on for screening accessibility.
• Place your 3-1-1 bag with liquids, gels and aerosols in the front pocket of your carry-on for accessibility.
• If traveling with a pet, be sure to bring a leash so carriers can be properly screened.

Before Leaving for the Airport

• Give yourself enough time to arrive at the airport early.
• Wear easily removable shoes.
• Passengers with a disability or medical condition may call ahead to the TSA Cares toll free helpline at (855) 787-2227 .

Before Entering the Checkpoint

• Eligible passengers look for the TSA PreCheck® lane for expedited screening at participating airports.
• Have your  ID and boarding pass out for inspection.

In Standard Screening Lane

• Remove the 3-1-1 liquids bag and place it in the bin.
• Ensure pockets are empty (keys, tissues, currency, wallets, cell phones, etc.) and remove bulky jewelry (valuable items can be placed in carry-on).
• Remove your shoes and place them directly on the X-ray belt.
• Remove personal electronic devices larger than a cell phone from your carry-on bag and place them into a bin with nothing placed on or under them for X-ray screening. (E.g. laptops, tablets, e-readers and handheld game consoles.)
• Remember to check the bins and collect all belongings after going through screening.

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Carry-On Luggage Size Chart for 64 Major Airlines [Dimensions, Sizes & More]

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Table of Contents

Carry-on luggage size chart for major airlines.

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Whether you’re flying domestically or internationally, every airline has its carry-on luggage size restrictions. There is no one-size-fits-all approach, so you need to check your airline’s specific policy before traveling to ensure your carry-on bag isn’t rejected with potential additional charges.

Below, you’ll find a helpful chart detailing the most popular airlines’ carry-on restrictions, including the size and weight of a standard carry-on, and whether this varies due to the cabin you’re traveling in. We’ve also covered checked luggage sizes and allowances , too.

Don’t forget that there are many ways to avoid paying for baggage fees such as carry-ons and that’s what we cover in our in-depth article.

In some cases, you’ll see that the airline has a rule about maximum linear dimensions . That means that when you add a piece of luggage’s length, width, and depth together, the sum can’t exceed a specific number.

For example, if you have a suitcase that’s 28 inches long, 20 inches wide, and 18 inches deep, the linear dimensions would total 66 inches, too big for many airlines.

Unless specified, the maximum weight allowance is across your standard carry-on luggage and personal item combined. 

Frequently Asked Questions

What is considered carry-on luggage.

There’s no industry standard for sizes for carry-on luggage, with every airline assigning their own size and weight restrictions. If you want to purchase a carry-on bag that would be accepted by most airlines, then the most common maximum size would be 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm), including handles and wheels.

Which carry-on luggage is best?

The best carry-on bag depends on your own requirements. For example, do you need a wheelie case or a backpack, or a bag with a laptop compartment or built-in security? We’ve rounded up what we consider the best carry-on luggage bags for any traveler , ranging from soft-sided and hardshell wheelies to convenient backpacks.

Is a backpack considered carry-on?

A backpack would be considered a carry-on item if it adheres to the maximum size restrictions of a specific airline. Most airlines have a larger size allowance for a standard carry-on piece and slightly smaller one for a personal item (where permitted).

What is not allowed in a carry-on bag?

For safety reasons, there are certain items that are prohibited to be stored in carry-on luggage. These include individual containers with liquids over 3.4 ounces (100 ml) or a combined amount of liquids over 1 quart (1 liter); sharp objects such as scissors, blades, or pen knives; firearms; sporting equipment such as baseball bats or hockey sticks; tools; and lighters, matches, or other flammable items.

Is there a weight limit for carry-on luggage?

As with size restrictions, there are no industry standards for maximum weight allowances for carry-on luggage. These are defined by each individual airline, with some airlines actually not publishing a specific weight restriction — just that you must be able to lift the bag into the overhead compartment yourself.

It’s also worth checking whether the airline’s stated weight allowance applies just to your carry-on piece or whether it applies to the combined weight of your carry-on and personal item.

What is the difference between a personal item and carry-on?

Many airlines allow passengers to bring a personal item in addition to a carry-on bag. A personal item is usually a smaller bag, such as handbag, briefcase, or laptop bag , that can be stored under the seat in front of you. Some airlines specify size and weight restrictions for personal items, while many don’t specify maximum sizes or weights.

What is hand baggage only?

If you’ve booked a “hand baggage only” fare (sometimes referred to as a basic fare), this means that you may only bring hand baggage that is within the airline’s restrictions. No checked baggage is included. Depending on your airline, hand baggage may include 1 standard carry-on bag and 1 smaller personal item. Each airline sets its own size and weight restrictions for carry-on, so check the table above for more information.

What does TSA allow for carry-on?

TSA allows passengers to pack certain items in their carry-on baggage and prohibits others. Liquids may be brought on board under the 3-1-1 rule: a maximum of 3.4 ounces per container up to a total of 1 quart, stored within a clear, zip-top bag, with 1 bag permitted per passenger. Exemptions to this rule are made for infant necessities or required medication. Items such as lighters, blades, and baseball bats are not permitted in your carry-on.

See more information in our guide to how to easily get through TSA airport security .

What is the standard size of a carry-on bag?

There are no universal standards for carry-on baggage, with each airline setting its own size and weight restrictions. If you want to purchase a bag that adheres to most airline standards, then look for a case that’s no larger than 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm), including all handles and wheels.

Can I take my phone charger in my carry-on?

General chargers for electronic devices can be packed as carry-on or into your checked baggage . If you’re using a portable power bank , then most airlines require you to pack this in your carry-on bag. This is because of the risk of lithium batteries catching fire in the hold.

Is a 24-inch suitcase a carry-on?

A 24-inch suitcase would be considered a carry-on by some airlines — but not all. Some airlines state maximum linear dimension only, so as long as your other 2 measurements are smaller to allow for the 24-inch length, then this would be fine. But generally, a suitcase measuring 22 x 14 x 9 inches would be the most widely accepted. This includes American Airlines and United Airlines .

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What can I bring?

Use the search box or view the complete list (alphabetical) to determine if an item can be packed in your carry-on or if it has to be placed in your checked baggage.

For items not listed here, simply send a picture or a question to CATSA on  Facebook  or  Twitter  (8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Eastern Time Monday-Friday).

Please note

The final decision rests with the screening officer on whether an item is allowed through the checkpoint.

This list includes permitted, non-permitted and prohibited items for flights originating in Canada. For flights originating outside of Canada, you should check with your airline or travel agent for restrictions.

About Non-Permitted and Prohibited Items:

Non-permitted items are items that are not allowed past the security checkpoint. This includes items such as knives and sports bats, as well as items that may seem harmless but can pose a threat to security – such as liquids. If a non-permitted item is found in your carry-on at the security checkpoint, a number of options may be available to you:

• If you have time before your flight, you can consult with your airline and put the item in your checked baggage.
• You can consult with an airport representative as some airports offer a service which lets passengers mail the item to their home or office.
• You can place the item in your vehicle or give it to a family member or friend.
• You can choose to abandon the item (please note that it will not be returned to you).
• Finally, you can turn back from the screening checkpoint and not board your flight.
• Please note that if you leave the screening checkpoint area, you will still need to be screened when you return.

Prohibited items include specific weapons that are illegal under the Criminal Code of Canada . You are not allowed to have these items in your possession, regardless of whether you are going through a security checkpoint or not.

If an item that is illegal in Canada is found at a screening checkpoint, CATSA is required to notify the police. Transport Canada offers a detailed list of prohibited Items for passengers on all flights .

More Information

• Our toll-free number: 1-888-294-2202
• The Transport Canada website
• The U.S. Transportation Security Administration's website (for information on restrictions when travelling within the U.S.).

Underseat Luggage Size Restrictions for 20 Popular Airlines

T he size restrictions for carry-ons are generally easy to understand. The most common size is 22 x 14 x 9 inches, which has become an industry standard. However, when it comes to underseat luggage, the current situation is "all over the place". The actual size restrictions vary a lot between airlines, and some airlines don't even disclose the exact measurements.

To make your life easier, we made this guide where you can find the exact underseat luggage size restrictions for 20 popular airlines. Note that these restrictions might change, which is why we've also linked out to their official websites. Make sure to double-check the restrictions before you start packing.

What Is Underseat Luggage?

Underseat luggage is a type of hand luggage that you're allowed to bring onto the passenger area of a plane. You'll have to stow it under the front seat unless you're sitting in the emergency exit row. If you happen to get one of those seats, your luggage will have to be stored in the overhead compartments together with carry-ons. The items that you're allowed to use as underseat luggage vary between different airlines.

Generally, you can use [amazon link="B0762VC1XB" title="small, wheeled suitcases"] , small backpacks, tote bags, handbags, [amazon link="B07F1RY1ZS" title="duffle bags"] , messenger bags, laptop bags , camera bags, briefcases, and other similar items. Usually, underseat luggage isn't as heavily restricted as carry-ons. Most of the time, the security will quickly glance over your underseat item to make sure it isn't too large and let you pass through. The only rule is that it has to fit under the front seat. That's because, in case of an emergency, all aisles have to be clear of any obstacles/luggage.

Read Next: Airport Travel Terminology 101 – The Ultimate Guide

What's the Difference Between a Personal Item and Underseat Luggage?

There isn't any difference between the two. When airlines refer to personal items ( or personal articles, if in Europe, ) underseat luggage is included in that statement. The only difference is that when someone says "underseat luggage," they're usually talking about bags and suitcases specifically designed for this purpose. "Personal item" is a slightly different term because a personal item could also be a camera, a laptop, an assistive device, an umbrella, a child seat, a pet carrier, or something similar.

Read Next: 10 Best Wheeled Underseat Suitcases in 2022

What Size Underseat Item You Should Get?

The underseat size restrictions are different for each airline. If you want to purchase a bag that would fit most underseat restrictions, try getting one below 16 x 12 x 6 inches (40 x 30 x 15 cm) as this is the most common size restriction. Sometimes the restrictions are a bit smaller (and sometimes larger,) but if you get a flexible fabric bag you should be able to squeeze it in. Good options for personal items would be small backpacks, duffle bags, totes, messenger bags, and purses.

Below, we'll cover the underseat luggage/personal item size restrictions for the 20 most popular airlines in North America and the rest of the world. Unless you're flying to remote destinations, we recommend searching for the specific airline you will be using.

1. American Airlines

American Airlines states that underseat items should not exceed 18 x 14 x 8 inches.

2. Delta Airlines

Delta Airlines doesn't specifically mention their underseat item restrictions anywhere on their website. Instead, they say that the personal item should be a purse, a briefcase, a diaper bag, a laptop computer, and other items in similar dimensions. This doesn't help much because, for instance, diaper bags can come in various sizes. Sometimes these bags can be bigger than the carry-on restrictions.

The actual size under the front seat in Delta varies based on which aircraft model you'll be flying with. For instance, on the Bombardier CRJ200, the size restrictions are 18 x 16 x 10.5 inches. Yet on the Embraer 175, the restrictions are 17 x 16 x 7.8 inches. In order to find out the exact dimensions, you should contact them directly, and tell them your flight details. They specify that bulkhead seats don't have underseat storage, so plan on stowing them in the overhead bin during take-off and landing.

3. United Airlines

On United Airlines , underseat items shouldn't exceed 17 x 10 x 9 inches.

4. Southwest Airlines

Southwest Airlines states that underseat items have to be under 18.5 x 13.5 x 8.5 inches. If your item doesn't fit under the front seat, they'll ask you to store it in the overhead compartments.

Read Next : 12 Best Underseat Bags Without Wheels in 2022

5. Air Canada

Air Canada limits underseat luggage on all of its aircraft to 17 x 13 x 6 inches.

6. Alaska Airlines

Alaska Airlines doesn't specifically mention any size restrictions for underseat items. Instead, they say that the underseat item should be a purse, a briefcase, or a laptop bag.

The actual size under the seats depends on which aircraft you've boarded. If you will be flying on their Boeing 737-800 aircraft, the underseat dimensions are 14 x 12 x 9 inches. To get the exact measurements, contact Alaska Airlines and tell them your flight details. They'll reply shortly with the exact dimensions.

7. Spirit Airlines

Spirit Airlines has stated that underseat items shouldn't exceed 18 x 14 x 8 inches.

If you're flying with JetBlue , then your underseat luggage shouldn't exceed 17 x 13 x 8 inches.

9. Air France

Air France states that underseat items shouldn't be larger than 16 x 12 x 6 inches.

10. KLM (Royal Dutch Airlines)

On KLM , underseat luggage shouldn't exceed 15.7 x 11.8 x 5.9 inches, regardless if you're flying Economy, Business, European, or International flights .

11. Lufthansa

Lufthansa restricts their passenger's underseat luggage to 15.7 x 11.8 x 3.9 inches (40 x 30 x 10 cm). Their width limit of 3.9 inches is the tightest one we've seen yet, which means that you'll be able to use only slim briefcases, purses, or laptop messenger bags.

12. Ryanair

On Ryanair , underseat luggage is restricted to 15.7 x 9.8 x 7.8 inches (40 x 25 x 20 cm). One of our staff members used their [amazon link="B06XZTZ7GB" title="Matein 15.6-inch laptop backpack"] as a personal/underseat item which is larger than these restrictions, and he never had any issues. From his experience, they tend to inspect carry-ons more than underseat luggage.

13. Wizz Air

Wizz Air has said on their official website that underseat luggage shouldn't exceed 15.7 x 11.8 x 7.8 inches (40 x 30 x 20 cm.) However, they mention that, regardless of the restrictions, the underseat item should always fit under the front seat. Also, they are the only airline that we know of that doesn't include wheels and handles in their size restrictions.

14. Norwegian Airlines

Norwegian Airlines is fairly strict in its underseat luggage restrictions - they must be smaller than 14.9 x 11.8 x 7.8 inches This means that even a 15-inch laptop might be too large.

15. Finnair

Finnair limits their passenger's underseat luggage to 15.7 x 11.8 x 5.9 inches. Also, they require that the combined weight of your carry-on and underseat item can't exceed 17.6 lbs (8kg.) Make sure that you don't bring anything heavy!

16. British Airways

British Airways restricts underseat luggage to 16 x 12 x 6 inches. Their weight limit is much less restrictive than Finnair, allowing underseat items up to 51 lbs (23 kg.)

17. Turkish Airlines

Turkish Airlines restricts underseat baggage to 15.7 x 11.8 x 5.9 inches. We researched what people had to say on Twitter about this airline and found quite a few incidents where Turkish Airlines didn't allow their passengers to use backpacks as personal items. In one instance , they even asked a passenger to throw their clothes from their backpack into the trash and place the empty backpack inside of their carry-on.

18. Allegiant Air

Allegiant Air states that all personal items should be under 16 x 15 x 7 inches, and that acceptable items are purses, briefcases, and small backpacks.

19. EasyJet

EasyJet restricts underseat luggage to 17.7 x 14.2 x 7.9 inches (45 x 36 x 20 cm). Wheels and handles must be included in these measurements. There isn't a weight limit set in stone, but each passenger must be able to lift and carry their bags by themselves.

20. Frontier Airlines

Frontier Airlines states that personal items have to be under 18 x 14 x 8 inches, and they provide bag measuring boxes in airports. Suitable items include briefcases, backpacks, purses, totes, and diaper bags.

Why Are the Underseat Luggage Size Restrictions so Different Between Airlines?

The exact size under each seat will differ between different aircraft manufacturers, such as Boeing, Bombardier, Airbus, or Embraer. All of the largest airlines usually have a wide variety of different aircraft in their fleet.

For instance, at the time of writing this article, Delta Airlines has 834 aircraft in its fleet . They service 17 different aircraft models from Airbus and Boeing and each airplane model has slightly different dimensions under their seats. That's why Delta doesn't specifically mention the underseat luggage size dimensions. To get an exact measurement, you have to contact them directly with your flight details.

This is the norm when it comes to airlines and their manufacturers. Usually, each airline has a variety of different aircraft in their fleet. It makes it hard for them to make a specific size restriction that fits all of their aircraft.

Obviously, this could be fixed simply by setting a new standard, where each new airplane model would have to have an exact amount of space underneath the seats. But as of yet, no such standard has been set and it doesn't appear that there will be one in the near future.

What Items Can Be Used as Underseat Luggage?

Here's a list of items that are usually accepted as personal items/underseat luggage:

• Small backpacks
• Handbags/purses
• [amazon link="B07F1RY1ZS" title="Small duffle bags"]
• Camera/DSLR bags
• Messenger bags
• Laptop bags
• [amazon link="B0762VC1XB" title="Small rolling suitcases within the size limits"]
• Assistive medical devices

Having said that, from our personal experiences, we recommend that you always use a bag that's made from a soft material and avoid overpacking it. This way, you'll be able to squeeze the bag underneath the front seat, even if it's slightly too large. Theoretically, you can also use small, hard-shell suitcases or leather duffles within the size limits. Keep in mind that, sometimes, they might be too large, so use them at your own risk.

Final Thoughts

In reality, the restrictions for personal items are a bit looser compared to carry-ons. However, it's still important to know each airline's specific restrictions, if you want to avoid paying additional fines.

When purchasing a personal item, try to get one that would fit within the restrictions for most airlines. Consider using something soft that you can squeeze under the seat so you can avoid any issues when flying, such as small backpacks, totes, messenger bags, or duffle bags.

Also check out: Airplane seat upgrades

Dangerous items

Some items you use every day can be considered dangerous at 35,000 feet. To help you pack, we’ve listed the policies for the most common dangerous items below.

Want more details about dangerous items? Check out these pages:

• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA): PackSafe
• Transportation Security Administration (TSA): What Can I Bring?
• U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT): Air Travel Tips

Dangerous items we don’t allow on board

Federal laws don’t allow you to pack hazardous materials in your checked or carry-on bags. Some common examples include:

• Bags that are self-balancing or self-riding
• Camping equipment that contains fuel
• Defense sprays like mace, pepper sprays and tear gas
• Explosives like fireworks, gunpowder, flares, flare guns and novelty items
• Ready-to-eat meals (MREs) with a flameless heater
• Shock absorbers
• Smart bags with nonremovable batteries

Dangerous items that have some restrictions

Personal items such as deodorant, hairspray, nail polish, perfume and certain medicines have some restrictions. If you’re packing them in your carry-on bag, each container can’t be more than 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters). You should also place them in a clear, quart-sized bag. If you’re packing these items in your checked bag, each container can’t be more than 16 ounces. There’s a limit of 70 ounces total for each traveler.

Read on for more examples of items that have restrictions.

Avalanche packs

Avalanche packs that have a lithium battery under 100WH are allowed as checked or carry-on bags. If you’re checking an avalanche pack, the battery must be removed. Once it’s removed, the battery can be brought on board. Your pack will need to be inspected and approved by one of our representatives before we accept it.

Avalanche packs that contain 1.4s and CO2 aren’t allowed in carry-on or checked bags.

You can pack the following batteries in checked and carry-on bags. Make sure you pack them to prevent short circuiting.

• Carbon zinc
• Nickel metal hydride
• Silver oxide

Recalled, damaged or defective batteries

Any batteries or devices known to be recalled, damaged or defective aren’t allowed in checked or carry-on bags. You aren’t allowed to have them on you when you fly as well.

Lithium batteries

You can pack personal devices that have lithium batteries of less than 100-watt hours in your checked and carry-on bags. However, we don’t allow devices like e-cigarettes, personal vaporizers or power banks (including those installed in “smart bags”) in checked bags.

You can’t pack loose lithium batteries in checked bags. For loose lithium batteries in carry-on bags, you must individually protect each one to prevent short circuiting. To do this, you can place each battery in original retail packaging, separate plastic bags or protective pouches. You can also insulate the batteries by taping over exposed terminals. Spare batteries can’t touch metal objects like coins, keys or jewelry. Take steps to prevent crushing, puncturing or putting pressure on the battery as well.

Additionally, we allow up to two lithium batteries larger than 100 watt-hours but not exceeding 160 watt-hours to be packed in carry-on baggage only. The terminals of any packed lithium batteries must be properly covered and insulated. If you’re traveling with a powered wheelchair or mobility device, please see our wheelchair assistance while traveling page.

If you check your carry-on bag at the gate, you must remove any lithium batteries and power banks.

Before your flight, check the specifications of any batteries you plan to travel with to ensure they meet these requirements. If the energy capacity of your battery is not shown in watt-hours (Wh), you can calculate it by multiplying the battery’s voltage by its capacity in ampere-hours (Ah). If the capacity is shown in milliampere-hours (mAh), divide this number by 1,000 to convert to ampere-hours, then multiply by the voltage to convert to watt-hours.

For the most up-to-date information about lithium batteries, visit the DOT's Air Travel Tips page and the FAA's website .

Traveling to or from Japan

The Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) has some additional restrictions on batteries and battery-operated items. For more information, see the MLIT website .

See our page about perishable items for more information about dry ice.

Dry shippers and liquid nitrogen

We allow liquid nitrogen in checked and carry-on bags, but the bags must be vented. You can’t pack liquid nitrogen with an item that we consider dangerous, such as an infectious substance. Liquid nitrogen can only be accepted in dry shippers.

We accept shooting equipment as checked bags in hard-sided, securely locked firearms cases or containers only. See our page about sports equipment for more details.

Gasoline-powered tools and equipment

We only allow gasoline-powered tools and equipment, such as chainsaws and weed cutters, if they’re brand new, you remove the fuel source or you purge the fuel. If the latter, you must provide a letter from the company that purged the fuel.

Household items

Some household items are flammable or corrosive. We don’t allow the following items in checked or carry-on bags:

• Aerosol items, like spray paint, household cleaners and pesticides
• Drain cleaners
• Insecticides
• Matches (the strike-anywhere kind)
• Paint (only certain kinds)
• Torch lighters
• Spray starch

We allow medicinal or toiletry aerosol cans if:

• They don’t go over 16 ounces per container in checked bags
• They don’t go over 3 ounces per container in carry-on bags

Recreational self-propelled vehicles, hoverboards and riding suitcases

To keep our customers and employees safe, we don’t accept any recreational self-propelled vehicles or devices designed to carry one or more persons or goods.

Such devices or vehicles include, but aren’t limited to:

• Smart balance wheels and boards, such as hoverboards, airboards and skateboards
• Self-balancing wheeled devices such as Ninebot
• Battery-assisted bicycles such as e-bikes
• Wheeled vehicles or motorcycles
• Electrically powered scooters
• Riding or motorized suitcases

Life jackets

We accept one carbon dioxide-powered inflatable life jacket as a checked or carry-on bag. You must pack carbon dioxide cartridges as checked bags.

We’ll also accept up to two small nonflammable gas cylinders fitted into the life jacket and up to two small spare cartridges.

If the life jacket has flares or flare guns attached to it, you must remove them or we won’t accept the jacket.

If you have questions or concerns about a specific item, please contact United Cargo .

Lighters, matches and e-cigarettes

The TSA allows common lighters in carry-on bags, but not torch lighters.

We don’t accept e-cigarettes and personal vaporizers in checked or gate-checked bags. When traveling, pack these items in your carry-on bag or personal item. Keep in mind you can’t charge or use e-cigarettes and personal vaporizers on board or at any United Club℠ locations.

If you’re departing from Beijing

All matches and lighters are banned from checked and carry-on bags on flights departing from Beijing.

If you’re departing from Japan

There are more restrictions for traveling with lighters from Japan. The Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) restricts travelers to only one lighter when departing from Japan. Oil lighters are banned, but if a lighter features fuel absorbed as a sorbent, it’s allowed. For more information, see the MLIT website .

Mobility devices

See our wheelchair assistance while traveling page for more information about traveling with a mobility device.

Powered air purifying respirators

Powered air purifying respirators (PAPR devices) are not permitted for use on board the aircraft. These devices have been linked to incidents of inflight fires and pose an unacceptable risk to passengers and aircraft. You may pack PAPR devices in your checked or carry-on bags, however you must remove and store batteries prior to transport.

Scuba tanks

We don’t allow tanks under 40 PSI in carry-on or checked bags. We allow anything higher only if the regulator valve is completely disconnected and the tank is no longer sealed. If the tank is sealed, we won’t allow it regardless of the reading on the pressure gauge indicator.

The TSA only allows scuba tanks if they can see inside them.

See our page about sports equipment for more information about scuba equipment.

In the interest of safety for our customers and employees, we don’t allow smart bags with nonremovable lithium batteries on board.

Smart bags are high-tech suitcases which typically include integrated lithium batteries that provide power for features like:

• USB charging
• Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connectivity
• GPS tracking
• Electronic locks

If your bag has a removable lithium battery, please take it out before checking your bag or bringing it on board.

The TSA allows stun guns only in checked bags if the power source is removed.

Will new airline consumer protection rules help you when you fly this summer?

You've probably heard about the new airline consumer protection rules that rolled out with a one-two punch last month. There were so many, it's almost hard to keep track. And maybe you're saying to yourself: Finally, I'll have some rights when I fly.

Please, don't get too excited.

"It's a good start," said Anthony Radchenko, CEO of AirAdvisor , a company that helps consumers file airline complaints.

Check out   Elliott Confidential , the newsletter the travel industry doesn't want you to read. Each issue is filled with breaking news, deep insights, and exclusive strategies for becoming a better traveler. But don't tell anyone!

The new rules address everything from junk fees to refunds, and although they may have some unintended consequences, they could help passengers – but those are expected to take effect until later, so not in time for the upcoming summer travel season.

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What did the government do?

Here's what's new:

◾ Two new consumer protection rules. The Department of Transportation released final versions of two new rules to protect passengers. One requires airlines to quickly and automatically refund tickets when they cancel or significantly delay a flight. The other requires airlines to disclose any fees for checked or carry-on luggage, as well as for changing or canceling a reservation, at the same time, they display a fare quote. 

◾ States will handle some airline complaints. The federal government also announced a partnership with 18 state attorneys general . The agreement allows states to investigate airlines and ticket agents and hold them accountable when they violate aviation consumer protection laws.

◾ New refund laws and minimum seat sizes. The latest version of the Federal Aviation Administration Reauthorization Bill contains a new rule that would require airlines to refund a domestic flight if it's delayed more than three hours. For international flights, it's six hours. It prohibits airlines from charging fees for families to sit together. Also on deck: a requirement that the FAA take another look at minimum seat sizes.

The new DOT rules go into effect in late June but have an implementation period of 6 to 12 months. Some, like the seat standards, might never happen. So don't expect to see new junk fees disclosed or to get a lightning-fast refund this summer – maybe next summer.

Turbulent skies ahead for new consumer protections

At least one of the rules may backfire, warn travel experts. Among the consumer protections is a requirement that a merchant of record must issue a refund for an airline ticket. That means unless you booked a ticket directly with the airline, your travel adviser – not the airline – would be responsible for a prompt ticket refund. In other words, the money would come out of your advisor's pocket and then force the agent to negotiate with the airline for the money.

"I'm already seeing travel advisers who had been providing flight booking services to their clients, who are now choosing not to offer that service," said travel adviser Brandi Taylor. "This will be a major inconvenience to consumers." 

So this summer, if you're booking a trip through a travel adviser, they might tell you to buy the airline tickets yourself. They don't want to be on the hook for refunding the money your airline has already received for your flights.

That's not the only problem. There's a conflict between the FAA bill and DOT’s new rule requiring automatic cash refunds for flight cancellations and delays. Congress doesn't want the refund to be automatic. Bill McGee, a senior fellow for aviation at the American Economic Liberties Project, said a lot of money is at stake in unpaid refunds.

"Airline lobbyists are fighting tooth and nail to ensure the onus remains on consumers to jump through hoops, rather than having carriers issue automatic refunds," he said. "The DOT has stepped up to protect passengers. Now it's time for Congress to do the same."

Asked about which rules would take precedence in the event of a conflict, a DOT spokeswoman said the agency's rule is "solidly rooted in DOT’s legal authority." So if there's a conflict the DOT rule would prevail.

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Will these consumer rules really help you?

"I'm skeptical," said Steven Rothberg, the founder of a job search site in Edina, Minnesota.

Like many experienced air travelers, he's seen this kind of thing before. The government promises protections, people get excited – and then there's no meaningful follow-through. 

Take seat sizes, for example. Airline seats are too small for the average passenger. So in 2018, Congress required the FAA to set minimum seat sizes. But to this day, there is no minimum seat standard, forcing air travelers to wedge themselves into tiny economy-class seats. 

There are also worries that airlines will quickly find a way around all these new rules, leaving passengers unprotected.

Travelers have every reason to be concerned. Airlines are clever and often find ways around new government rules. For example, if the government requires the disclosure of a junk fee like baggage charges, airlines will come up with a new charge not covered by the regulation to make up for it. It's a cat-and-mouse game, and the airlines always seem to have the upper hand. 

When will the new consumer rules go into effect?

So what's likely to happen? In the short term, not much.

Jonathan Feniak, a frequent traveler and attorney, said airlines will stall for as long as possible.

"I don’t expect airlines to adopt the new rules until they absolutely have to," he said. "Especially, during one of their busiest seasons, when delays and cancellations are bound to happen."

He said some forward-looking airlines may decide to adopt some of the requirements early, but it will also take some time for passengers to learn about their new rights.

On balance, he said the changes are a significant upgrade.

"It will mean fewer passengers being taken advantage of," he said.

A problem of enforcement

Here's the trouble with the new rules: There's some doubt the government will effectively enforce them. 

The DOT, which is in charge of enforcing the existing consumer rules, hasn't issued an enforcement action since December. It's one of the longest stretches of time without such action in years.

Think of enforcement actions as traffic tickets. And now there's a perception that airlines can get away with anything, according to Radchenko of AirAdvisor. Out of almost 300 complaints he filed in the last year, he said  DOT has not made any decision or issued enforcement action.

He said the government must prescribe penalties for airlines that ignore or fail to comply with the new rules for the new rules to work.

"They also need to provide the right to recover attorney's fees and legal costs for consumers bringing a lawsuit against an airline," he said.

What do we really need?

The bottom line for passengers is that almost none of the consumer protections will improve your summer flight. It may even be too soon for your Thanksgiving flight, and if there's a change of administration this November, some of these rules may never be implemented.

The gold standard for consumer protection, at least according to consumer advocates, is a rule in Europe called EC 261 . It requires airlines to assist passengers and compensate them when they're denied boarding or their flights are canceled or delayed.

For now, you have the same rights you always had when you flew in the U.S., which is to say, not many. 

Christopher Elliott  is an author, consumer advocate, and journalist. He founded  Elliott Advocacy , a nonprofit organization that helps solve consumer problems. He publishes  Elliott Confidential , a travel newsletter, and the  Elliott Report , a news site about customer service. If you need help with a consumer problem, you can  reach him here  or email him at  [email protected] .

11 Best Luggage Pieces for International Travel, Tested by Experts

These are the top-tested soft and hardside carry-ons, checked bags, duffels and more to take on your next adventure abroad.

We've been independently researching and testing products for over 120 years. If you buy through our links, we may earn a commission. Learn more about our review process.

Best Overall

Samsonite freeform hardside expandable spinner.

Amazon Basics 20-Inch Hardside Spinner

Best Carry-On

Away the carry-on.

Best Checked

Briggs & riley 31-inch baseline extra large expandable spinner.

July Checked Luggage

Best for Frequent Travelers

Travelpro platinum elite softside expandable checked luggage.

Best Budget

Delsey paris helium dlx softside expandable luggage.

Best Rolling Duffel

L.l.bean adventure rolling duffle bag, 135l.

Best Backpack

Cotopaxi allpa 35l travel pack.

Best Weekender

Calpak luka duffel.

As you start planning your next trip abroad, looking into hotels, flights and tourist attractions, don't forget that the key to a smooth travel experience is a great piece of luggage. When you're traveling internationally, it's especially important to bring a suitcase that complies with airline restrictions, is comfortable to carry or roll throughout your journey and has plenty of room for all of your belongings and your souvenirs for the trip home.

This top-performing suitcase from our best overall luggage brand Samsonite has repeatedly stood out in the Textiles Lab's and our consumers' tests and is priced under $200 — an incredible value. The hardside carry-on is made of polypropylene and weighs in at just 6.5 pounds, which is one of the lightest bags we've tested, so it won't eat too much into the lower weight restrictions set by many international airlines.

I was impressed by how easy it was to lift and roll the bag around, even when filled with our standard packing load. Despite the lightweight design, this carry-on is spacious with a butterfly-opening, unfolding into two primary compartments for easy packing, and there's an additional one inch of expandable storage with the pull of a zipper.

During our Lab evaluations, we liked how easy it was to pull the bag through our luggage obstacle course. While some testers said the telescopic handle felt a bit loose, the suitcase earned high scores for maneuverability, with testers sharing feedback including "very smooth rolling" and "the wheels moved really well." The material was more prone to scratching than some others we evaluated, but the suitcase proved to be durable overall in our drop tests, resisting major damage.

Listed dimensions: 21.25" x 15.25" x 10" | Weight: 6.5 lbs | Material: Hardside polypropylene | Expandable: Yes | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

With more than 34,000 five-star ratings, t his best-selling suitcase from Amazon Basics is loved by both real users and our consumer testers who say it's worth every penny. Made of lightweight ABS plastic, the hardside suitcase isn't quite as durable as those made of polycarbonate, but the material helps to keep the cost low — under $100 — so I recommend it for someone shopping on a budget.

During our Textiles Lab evaluations for durability, there were some noticeable markings in our scratch tests, but we were impressed by how well the bag maintained its shape after being released repeatedly from our drop tester. Amazon reviewers who regularly use the suitcases say they hold up over time, as well.

When our consumer testers rolled the suitcase through our obstacle course, they were wowed by how smooth the wheels were, with one describing the bag as "very easy to move." We gave the carry-on high scores for packability, as we were able to pack our standard load of belongings (clothing, accessories and toiletries) for a short trip inside with room to spare. Plus, there are interior zippered mesh pockets for easy organization, and the bag expands up to one extra inch for additional packing space.

Listed dimensions: 22" x 14.9" x 10" | Weight: 7.3 lbs | Material: Hardside ABS plastic | Expandable: Yes | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

One of the most popular suitcases on the market, Away's standard carry-on is definitely worth the hype . The bag is available in 11 colors, including on-trend options like green and red, along with neutral hues like gray and black.

Not only is the suitcase simple and stylish from the outside, it's also full of functional features inside to make packing for your next international trip a breeze. The bag unfolds into two separate primary compartments to fit all of your things: one fully zippered side and one with adjustable compression straps, and there are mesh pockets to stash smaller items.

Consumer testers and GH analysts alike love to travel with the Away carry-on, including one who shared, "It fit all of the clothes I needed for a long weekend. It rolled really easily and was light enough to pop in and out of the overhead bin." Testers said the telescopic handle felt flimsier than others they tried, but they were impressed with the bag overall, saying that it was easy to maneuver and roll over different types of flooring, including wood, carpet and tile. And it looked great after our drop and scratch tests, showing no major signs of damage or dents.

Listed dimensions: 9" x 13.7" x 21.7" | Weight: 8.1 lbs | Material: Hardside polycarbonate | Expandable: No | Returns: Within 100 days, unused

Briggs & Riley 31-inch Baseline Extra Large Expandable Spinner

The innovative design details of this softside checked bag from Briggs & Riley help to simplify packing for extended trips abroad. The bag features a unique push-button expansion system unlike any other we've evaluated , which allows you to easily expand the bag, fill it with everything you'll need and then compress it back down to its standard size.

One tester who was impressed with the amount of space in the carry-on version of the bag shared, "It fit clothing and accessories for two people for a seven-day summer vacation." And this checked bag offers more than double the packing capacity. Other innovative features include a built-in trifold garment folder for formal attire and reinforced corners for added protection.

At 15.6 pounds, the suitcase does weigh more than other models we've evaluated, but it is made with a nylon material that resisted wear and tear when I tested it in our abrasion machine. It also earned top marks in our latest round of drop testing. Along with performing well for durability, the suitcase received high scores for maneuverability, with smooth wheels and a sturdy telescopic handle.

Listed dimensions: 31" x 22" x 13.8" | Weight: 15.6 lbs | Material: Softside nylon | Expandable: Yes | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

Rolling a bag through the airport has never been easier than it is with July's classic luggage , including this spacious checked suitcase and its popular carry-on bags . One GH analyst who took the checked bag on a vacation abroad said, "I've never used a suitcase with wheels this smooth." I've personally traveled with luggage from the brand and was blown away by how effortless it was to roll the suitcases, even over carpet and concrete sidewalks.

The telescopic handle technically locks at 20 different heights to prevent it from falling down on its own, and most testers appreciated the slanted grip on the handle, sharing that it was comfortable to hold and easy to maneuver with.

Made with a polycarbonate shell, the suitcase is lightweight and durable, and the corners are reinforced with aluminum bumpers for an added level of protection. The bag held up well after being released repeatedly from our drop tester, but testers noted marks and scuffs on the surface after taking the bag on just one trip.

It boasts 80 liters of packing space and features one fully zippered compartment and one open compartment with a compression panel and Y-strap for security. Even more, it weighs just 8.3 pounds, which is similar to many of the carry-on sized bags we evaluate.

Listed dimensions: 26" x 18.75" x 11" | Weight: 8.3 lbs | Material: Hardside polycarbonate with aluminum corners | Expandable: No | Returns: Within 100 days, unused

Travelpro luggage was created by a pilot who wanted to make bags specifically for other pilots and airline crewmembers who were always on the go. The result is a collection of highly durable, quality suitcases including the popular Platinum Elite medium checked suitcase.

Built to last, the luggage is made of heavyweight nylon material that performed well when I tested it for abrasion resistance. When I released the bag repeatedly from our drop tester, it showed no signs of damage or dents. Our testers also gave the suitcase high scores for ease of use and appreciated the sturdy feel of the telescopic handle. The suitcase does have a more traditional look, though, which some testers described as "old-fashioned," sharing that they wished it were sleeker.

Full of thoughtful and functional features, the suitcase makes packing and traveling a breeze. The bag can be unzipped to reveal one large packing compartment with compression panels that secure your belongings in place, a removable wet bag for toiletries, a large mesh zippered pocket in the lid for breathable storage and a built-in suiter to help keep more formal clothes in tip-top shape. To prevent the suitcase from tipping over when it's full, it's also designed with a unique tapered expansion system, so the bag is narrower at the top and broader at the bottom.

Listed dimensions: 25" x 18" x 11.25" | Weight: 9.8 lbs | Material: Softside nylon | Expandable: Yes | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

While some softside luggage is bulky and pricey, this Helium DLX carry-on from Delsey is lightweight, as the name implies, and it's available for a great value. The polyester material isn't quite as durable or substantial as nylon styles we've tested, but the brand's polyester fabric has performed well overall in our abrasion tests without major wear.

Two external zippered pockets allow for easy access to travel essentials like your phone and ID, so you won't have to hold up the TSA line while scouring through your bag. While the bag unzips to expose only one main compartment for packing, it's equipped with a removable bi-fold organizer and expands by two inches for additional room. One tester said, "I love the pockets." Plus, the inner lining can be fully unzipped and removed for easy cleaning.

I personally carry luggage from Delsey and love the smooth wheels and sturdy telescopic handle, and our testers who tried Delsey's luggage found the handle to be comfortable to grip and use. However, they said the bags were more difficult to maneuver through our obstacle course than others they tested.

Listed dimensions: 12" x 17.75" x 28" | Weight: 8.4 lbs | Material: Softside polyester | Expandable: Yes | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

A rolling duffel like this one from L.L.Bean is ideal for longer adventures abroad or for overpackers like me. The duffel isn't as structured as standard suitcases, meaning you can compress it and slide it under your bed or in a closet if you're pressed for storage space — and on the other hand, you can really fill it to the brim when you're packing. Just be careful that you're not stuffing it too much because it can be easy to exceed an airline's weight restrictions.

One GH analyst who loves to travel with this bag said that it's one of her go-to picks for family vacations. With just two wheels, our analyst said it's a little more cumbersome to maneuver than a spinner suitcase, but you also have the option to carry the bag with the padded strap.

The bag has a wide opening for easy access to everything you need inside, and outer compression straps keep everything in place. Made of durable polyester material with a reinforced base, the duffel lasts for years and years without signs of wear, according to our analyst. Plus, it's water-resistant inside and out — perfect for inevitable leaks or wet weather. If you're looking for something smaller, the brand carries a variety of sizes to meet your travel needs.

Listed dimensions: 14" x 17.25" x 32.5" | Weight: 8.8 lbs | Material: Softside polyester | Expandable: No | Returns: Within 1 year

When we evaluated this bag in the Textiles Lab, we were amazed by just how much we could fit inside during our packing tests. Not only did it beat out other travel backpacks we tested, it also outperformed some of our carry-ons because of its spacious interior .

The backpack has a suitcase-style opening and fully unzips to expose a highly organized interior jam-packed with zippered mesh pockets for all of your belongings. It also features a padded laptop sleeve that fits up to a 17-inch computer.

Made of recycled nylon and polyester, the bag is durable and water-resistant. When I tested it for abrasion resistance in the Lab, there were no visible signs of wear. Details like a sternum strap, waist belt and padded mesh provide comfort and support. With backpack straps that tuck neatly inside the back of the bag and carrying straps on all sides, you can easily grab it to lift into an overhead bin.

Some online reviewers wished it was equipped with a water bottle holder and said the zippers can be finicky, but we didn't have issues with them in the Lab.

Listed dimensions: 22" x 12" x 10" | Weight: 3.5 lbs | Material: Softside polyester and nylon | Expandable: No | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

Able to hold everything you need for a weekend getaway, this weekender from Calpak was the top performer in our Textiles Lab tests. Not only is the bag totally on-trend, thanks to the puffy padded design and fashionable color options, it's also full of functional features . One tester who used it as her personal item on a long trip said, "This bag fits everything I need and more!"

A GH analyst who used the bag added, "I appreciate the well-organized interior," which includes several zippered pockets and elastic storage. Outside, there's a separate shoe compartment, additional zippered pockets and a water bottle holder. Altogether, there are nine pockets, and the spacious bag aced our packing tests.

If you're pairing it with Calpak's popular luggage , this bag has a trolley sleeve that slides right over the telescopic handle of your suitcase. One tester noted that the stitching that secured the sleeve in place started unraveling a bit after just one use. The bag is made of a smooth polyester material that's comfortable to carry and water-resistant. A tester said, "It poured while I was traveling and everything inside this bag stayed perfectly dry."

Listed dimensions: 12" x 16" x 7" | Weight: 2 lbs | Material: Softside polyester | Expandable: No | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

Eagle Creek Cargo Hauler 40L Duffel Bag

This convertible duffel from Eagle Creek is the perfect adventure travel companion. The bag is durable, combining polyester and nylon for a water-resistant material that also held up well when tested for abrasion resistance . One GH analyst who travels with this duffel said that it still looks great after years of regular rough and tough use.

It's structured and maintains its shape for easy packing, but the duffel can be compressed to bring inside of your suitcase as an extra bag or for compact storage at home. According to our testers and GH analyst, the zippers have large pull tabs that are easy to use, and, according to the brand, they're covered in water-resistant strips for the ultimate protection in wet weather.

The duffel features a reinforced top handle and grab handles along the sides for carrying, and there are adjustable backpack straps for hands-free use that can be connected for an additional carrying strap or tucked inside the bag. Some online reviewers said the backpack straps are on the thinner side and weren't as comfortable as other traditional travel backpacks, but they appreciated the convenient option.

Listed dimensions: 11.5" x 23.25" x 11" | Weight: 2.5 lbs | Material: Softside polyester and nylon | Expandable: No | Returns: Within 30 days, unused

Amanda (she/her) researches and reports on products in the Good Housekeeping Institute 's Textiles, Paper & Apparel Lab, ranging from clothing and accessories to home furnishings. She holds undergraduate degrees in apparel merchandising and product development and advertising and marketing communications, as well as a master of science degree in consumer sciences from The Ohio State University. Prior to joining Good Housekeeping in 2022, Amanda was a lecturer for the fashion and retail studies program at Ohio State, where she taught fashion and textiles courses.

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Understanding The Dimensions For Luggage Allowed On American Airlines

• Last updated May 25, 2024
• Difficulty Intemediate

• Category Travel

Are you planning a trip with American Airlines? It's important to know the size and weight restrictions for your luggage. Understanding the dimensions allowed for your bags will ensure a smooth and hassle-free journey. In this article, we will delve into the details of the dimensions permitted by American Airlines, helping you to pack efficiently and avoid any unexpected baggage fees. So, let's explore the world of baggage dimensions and get you ready for your next adventure!

What You'll Learn

Carry-on luggage dimensions for travel with america airline, checked luggage dimensions for travel with america airline, personal item dimensions for travel with america airline, special considerations for oversized or overweight luggage with america airline.

If you are planning to travel with American Airlines, it is important to know the carry-on luggage dimensions to avoid any last-minute surprises at the airport. Understanding the dimensions will help ensure a smooth and comfortable journey without any hassles or additional fees.

According to American Airlines' policy, the maximum dimensions for carry-on luggage are 22 inches x 14 inches x 9 inches (56 cm x 36 cm x 23 cm). This includes the wheels and handles of the luggage, so make sure to measure your bag from the bottom to the highest point of the bag, including any protruding parts.

It is essential to note that these dimensions apply to all standard economy, premium economy, and business class passengers. Exceeding the maximum dimensions may result in your bag being checked in, and additional fees may apply.

American Airlines also allows passengers to bring one personal item, such as a purse, briefcase, or laptop bag. The personal item should be smaller in size compared to the carry-on bag, with maximum dimensions of 18 inches x 14 inches x 8 inches (45 cm x 35 cm x 20 cm).

To ensure that your carry-on bag meets the requirements, it is advisable to measure your luggage using a tape measure or ruler before heading to the airport. It is equally important to consider the weight limits set by the airline, as exceeding the weight limit may also result in additional charges.

If your carry-on bag exceeds the dimensions specified above, American Airlines might require you to check it in as checked luggage. Checked luggage generally goes through a different handling process and may take longer to be received at the destination. Additionally, there may be additional fees associated with checking in oversized carry-on bags, which can vary depending on your ticket type and destination.

It is recommended to pack your carry-on bag efficiently and ensure it meets the weight and size requirements of American Airlines. This will not only save you from unnecessary fees but also make your journey more convenient and comfortable.

In conclusion, for travel with American Airlines, it is important to adhere to their carry-on luggage dimensions. The maximum dimensions for carry-on bags are 22 inches x 14 inches x 9 inches, while the personal item should be 18 inches x 14 inches x 8 inches. Make sure to measure your luggage and check its weight to avoid any additional fees or inconveniences. By following these guidelines, you can have a hassle-free travel experience with American Airlines.

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Checked Luggage Dimensions for Travel with American Airlines

When it comes to traveling with American Airlines, it's important to be aware of the checked luggage dimensions to ensure a smooth and hassle-free experience. American Airlines has specific rules and regulations regarding the size and weight of checked bags, so it's essential to follow their guidelines.

The standard dimensions for checked luggage with American Airlines are as follows:

Checked Baggage Size:

• Maximum Linear Dimensions: The sum of the length, width, and height of the bag should not exceed 62 inches (157 centimeters).
• Maximum Dimensions per Bag: No individual side of the bag should exceed 62 inches (157 centimeters).

Checked Baggage Weight:

• Maximum Weight: The weight of the bag should not exceed 50 pounds (23 kilograms).
• Overweight Fees: If your bag exceeds the maximum weight limit, you may be subject to overweight fees starting from $100, depending on the destination and the weight of the bag.
• Oversize Fees: If your bag exceeds the maximum linear dimensions, you may be subject to oversize fees starting from $200, depending on the destination and the size of the bag.

Additional Baggage Considerations:

• Baggage Allowance: The number of bags you can check without incurring additional fees depends on your ticket type and loyalty status. It's important to check the specific rules for your fare class.
• Excess Baggage Fees: If you exceed the allowed number of checked bags, you will be charged an excess baggage fee, which varies depending on your destination and the number of additional bags.
• Special Items: Oversized and overweight items, such as sports equipment or musical instruments, may have different size and weight limitations. If you plan to bring any special items, it's recommended to contact American Airlines in advance to receive proper guidance.

Baggage Restrictions:

• Prohibited Items: Certain items are not allowed in checked baggage, including sharp objects, flammable materials, and certain chemicals. Make sure to review the restricted items list provided by American Airlines before packing.
• Fragile Items: American Airlines recommends packing fragile items like electronics, valuables, and important documents in your carry-on bag to ensure their safety.

Remember, these dimensions and weight limits may vary based on your ticket type, loyalty status, and destination, so check with American Airlines for any specific requirements. Additionally, it's always a good idea to weigh and measure your luggage before arriving at the airport to avoid unexpected fees or potential issues.

By adhering to American Airlines' checked luggage dimensions and guidelines, you can ensure a stress-free travel experience and avoid any unnecessary fees or complications. Happy travels with American Airlines!

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When it comes to traveling with America airline, it's important to be aware of the personal item dimensions. A personal item is a smaller bag or item that you can bring with you on the plane in addition to your carry-on bag. In order to ensure a smooth travel experience, here are the personal item dimensions that you need to know:

According to America airline's guidelines, a personal item must fit under the seat in front of you. The maximum dimensions for a personal item are 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 20 cm). It's important to note that these dimensions include the handles and wheels of the bag.

To ensure that your personal item meets the size requirements, it's a good idea to measure your bag before your trip. Use a tape measure to measure the length, width, and height of your bag, including any exterior pockets or compartments. Make sure to take into account any handles, wheels, or other protruding parts of the bag.

If your bag exceeds the maximum dimensions, you may be asked to check it at the gate, which can result in an additional fee. It's always best to double-check the size of your personal item before you travel to avoid any hassles or extra charges.

When choosing a personal item, consider opting for a bag that is compact and lightweight. A small backpack, tote bag, or laptop bag can be great options. These types of bags usually have multiple compartments, allowing you to keep your essentials organized and easily accessible during your flight.

In addition to the size requirements, it's also important to consider the weight of your personal item. Most airlines, including America airline, do not have specific weight restrictions for personal items. However, it's still a good idea to keep your bag as light as possible to ensure that you can easily carry it and store it under the seat in front of you.

Some common items that people usually bring as personal items include laptops, tablets, books, or small purses. These items are typically small enough to fit comfortably under the seat and meet the maximum size requirements.

In summary, when traveling with America airline, make sure that your personal item meets the maximum dimensions of 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 20 cm). Measure your bag beforehand to ensure compliance, and choose a bag that is compact and lightweight. By following these guidelines, you'll have a hassle-free travel experience with America airline.

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When it comes to traveling with oversized or overweight luggage, there are some special considerations that you need to keep in mind, especially if you're flying with American Airlines. The airline has specific rules and regulations regarding the size and weight of luggage, and not adhering to these guidelines can result in additional fees or even having your luggage refused at check-in. To help you avoid any hassles or surprises, here are some important things to consider when traveling with oversized or overweight luggage on American Airlines.

• Size restrictions: American Airlines has specific size restrictions for both checked and carry-on luggage. For checked bags, the maximum dimensions (length + width + height) allowed are 62 inches (158 cm), including handles and wheels. Any bag exceeding these dimensions may be considered oversized and subject to additional fees. For carry-on bags, the maximum dimensions allowed are 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm), including handles and wheels. Any bag that exceeds these dimensions may need to be checked in and will be subject to checked baggage fees.
• Weight restrictions: American Airlines has weight restrictions for both checked and carry-on luggage as well. For checked bags, the maximum weight allowed varies depending on the class of service and destination. In general, the maximum weight allowed for checked bags is 50 pounds (23 kg). Any bag exceeding this weight limit will be considered overweight and subject to additional fees. For carry-on bags, there is no specific weight limit, but the bag must be able to be stored in the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you without assistance.
• Additional fees: If your luggage exceeds the size or weight limits set by American Airlines, you will be required to pay additional fees. The fees for oversize and overweight bags can vary depending on the destination and whether you're flying domestically or internationally. It's important to check the American Airlines website or contact their customer service for the most up-to-date fee information. Additionally, if your bag is both oversized and overweight, you may be required to pay fees for both.
• Preparing your luggage: To avoid any last-minute surprises at the airport, it's important to properly prepare your oversized or overweight luggage. Start by measuring your bags to ensure they comply with the size restrictions set by American Airlines. If they are too big, consider using a different bag or checking them in as oversized baggage. If your bags are within the size limits but exceed the weight limit, consider removing any non-essential items or redistributing the weight among multiple bags to meet the weight restrictions.
• Plan ahead: If you know that you will be traveling with oversized or overweight luggage, it's best to plan ahead and be prepared. Consider researching the baggage policies of American Airlines and familiarize yourself with the specific rules and regulations. Pack accordingly and try to avoid overpacking to prevent exceeding the weight or size limits. If you anticipate any difficulties or concerns, it's always a good idea to contact American Airlines directly before your flight to clarify any questions you may have.

In conclusion, traveling with oversized or overweight luggage on American Airlines requires some extra attention to detail. Make sure to adhere to the size and weight restrictions, be prepared to pay any additional fees, and plan ahead to avoid any potential issues. By following these guidelines, you can have a smoother and more enjoyable travel experience with American Airlines.

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Frequently asked questions.

The dimensions for carry-on luggage on American Airlines are 22 inches x 14 inches x 9 inches (56 cm x 36 cm x 23 cm), including handles and wheels.

The dimensions for checked luggage on American Airlines vary depending on the fare class and destination. For most flights, the maximum dimensions are 62 inches (157 cm) in total linear dimensions (length + width + height).

Yes, American Airlines has weight restrictions for both carry-on and checked luggage. For carry-on luggage, the weight limit is generally 40 pounds (18 kg). For checked luggage, the weight limit varies based on the fare class and destination, but is usually 50 pounds (23 kg) or 70 pounds (32 kg) for international flights.

Yes, American Airlines allows passengers to bring a personal item in addition to their carry-on luggage. Examples of personal items include a purse, laptop bag, or small backpack. The dimensions for the personal item should not exceed 18 inches x 14 inches x 8 inches (45 cm x 35 cm x 20 cm).

If your luggage exceeds the size or weight limits on American Airlines, you may be required to check it as overweight or oversized baggage. Additional fees may apply for checking in oversized or overweight luggage. It is recommended to review the airline's baggage policy and guidelines before your flight to avoid any issues.

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Protect Your Trip »

The 8 best underseat luggage of 2024.

Skip the worry of overhead space with a carry-on that tucks under your seat.

The Best Underseat Luggage

Rachael Hood | U.S. News

When you're flying, there's often a rush to board to get your carry-on bag a slot in the coveted overhead bins – as well as multiple announcements asking travelers to gate-check their bag to help reduce the amount of luggage in the overhead space. Some airlines even charge an additional fee if you want to bring a carry-on bag. To avoid these problems and keep your luggage with you, an underseater is an ideal option.

Designed to stow neatly under the seat in front of you on a plane or train, underseat luggage comes in a variety of styles, including hard - and soft-sided mini suitcases, backpacks, totes, and briefcases. What's more, depending on airline luggage size requirements , these bags are considered a personal item with most airlines, so you'll save on bag fees and have continuous access to everything you pack in your carry-on bag .

U.S. News editors researched dozens of review sites, including Amazon, online retailers, travel industry review sites and more, to come up with this selection of the best underseat luggage.

Best Overall: CALPAK Luka Soft-Sided Mini Carry-On Luggage

• Jump to features and traveler insights ↓

Best Backpack: ZOMAKE Lightweight Packable Backpack 30L

Best briefcase: vera bradley underseat rolling work bag, best tote: travelpro maxlite 5 carry-on rolling tote, best wheeled: samsonite spinner underseater with usb port, best expandable: biaggi zipsak boost underseater expands to carry-on, best hard-sided: calpak hue mini carry-on, best budget: tprc 15-inch smart under seat carry-on.

(Note: Prices and availability were accurate at the time of publication; they may fluctuate due to demand or other factors. Dimensions are listed in order of length by height by width.)

Courtesy of CALPAK

What sets it apart: Lightweight and constructed with a matte-finish polyester fabric, this small carry-on suitcase has organizational features that make it stand out from the rest. The spacious interior compartment includes a padded laptop sleeve (which holds up to a 13-inch laptop), a mesh slip pocket, a removable mesh zipper pocket and two additional small zipper pockets.

On the outside, there's a large front zip pocket for reading material or other documents, and a side zippered pocket ideal for a phone cord, writing utensils, earbuds or other small items you may want to reach midflight. The trolley sleeve allows you to attach this underseater to a larger carry-on or a checked rolling bag once you reach your destination.

Expert review: "I love the stylish appearance of this particular design, along with the thoughtful design details like the two exterior zippered compartments, which are great for small items I want to reach easily while traveling," says Rachael Hood, senior editor at U.S. News Travel. "It is easy to slide under the seat in front of me, and I also really like this bag's laptop sleeve, as it is especially useful for a quick business trip or when I'm traveling and planning to work remotely. Despite its compact size, it can comfortably fit 2-3 days of clothing (even more if I use compression packing cubes), and it handles well in airports and hotels on multiple types of surfaces."

Price: $165 or less

What sets it apart: This carry-on backpack works as both an underseater and a daypack. It has multiple zippered compartments to keep things organized and secure, including two side mesh pockets for a water bottle and umbrella. Constructed with a lightweight nylon resistant to tears and water, this bag comes in a variety of colors such as orange or green. What's more, the packable backpack can also be folded up into a small pouch and put into a carry-on or checked bag , so it's perfect to stow in your bag to use as an underseater on the way home for all of finds you purchased on your journey.

Expert review: "The ZOMAKE backpack is a compact carry-on option that easily fits under a plane seat," says Erin Evans , managing editor at U.S. News Travel. "I've had two of these backpacks (in two different colors) for years – they last, they're affordable, they're versatile and they can fit a surprising amount of stuff."

Price: $21.99 or less

Courtesy of Vera Bradley

What sets it apart: For a true office-on-the-go setup, this bag checks the boxes. The front compartment has a laptop sleeve and mesh pockets for work essentials. There are exterior zip pockets for earbuds, writing utensils and other meetings-in-transit needs. Given the design, you can take out all your belongings for work without going into the main compartment, where clothing and personal items can be stowed.

The inside has a removable lining for cleaning, two compression straps, a mesh zip pocket and a slip pocket for a USB battery pack (sold separately). There's a lock to keep contents secure and a trolley sleeve to attach the underseater to a full-size carry-on.

Travelers appreciate: Commuters like this bag because they can fit clothing for two to three days along with a laptop and other work necessities. The two wheels help the briefcase easily glide under the seat on an airplane, though some note it would be nice if the bag had four spinner wheels instead. Many note it is a go-to bag for travel because of its organizational features and ease of use.

Price: $200 or less

Courtesy of Travelpro

What sets it apart: This bag is constructed of a water-resistant polyester exterior and lined with a fabric made from 100% recycled plastic bottles. The interior compartment has space for clothing and essentials for a quick overnight business trip or a weekend getaway . For quick access, the front panel opens to reveal a mesh pocket for smaller items; an internal breakaway snap feature helps keep the flap secure, so you don't spill all of the bag's contents onto the airport floor. There's also a front zippered compartment for electronics and your boarding pass, along with a back trolley strap to secure it to a larger rolling bag.

Travelers appreciate: The lightweight yet sturdy handle is one of the features travelers like about this bag. They also appreciate its sturdy construction, its ability to fit in the overhead bin on smaller planes (where it is too large to go under the seat), and the high-performance wheels.

Price: $159.99 or less

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Courtesy of Samsonite

What sets it apart: The spinner wheels and integrated charging port really set this carry-on bag apart. Designed to fit under most airline seats, the interior compartment has space for one to two days' worth of clothing, a laptop and tablet sleeve, and mesh pockets. Other features include a zippered exterior pocket with organizational features, a side zippered pocket with charging port access (personal charging device not included) and a luggage trolley sleeve.

Expert review: "I'm a big fan of the durability of the Samsonite underseater," says James Smith, founder of Travel-Lingual . "I've spent a ton of time on the road, so I know how important it is to have a dependable bag." He says the bag is built to last and that, while it doesn't have a dedicated laptop compartment, the laptop sleeve works well for travel.

Andre Robles, general manager at Voyagers Travel Specialists , says, "The Samsonite wheeled underseater stands out as my top recommendation due to its winning combination of style and practicality." He adds that the bag is versatile for business and leisure travel, fits well under the seat, and provides easy access to your belongings during the journey.

Price: $145 or less

Courtesy of Biaggi

What sets it apart: If you're looking for versatility, this underseater folds into a 15 x 9 x 4-inch pouch and can expand to a 21-inch carry-on size – perfect for creating space to bring those souvenirs home from your trip. Featuring a durable and water-resistant construction on a four-wheel spinner base, this underseater has an adjustable cushioned handle to pull or carry the bag over your shoulder.

The interior compartment has two mesh zip pockets and includes an extra-deep packing cube. There are three exterior pockets for small travel essentials like your earbuds, boarding pass and reading material. The bag can be stowed under the airplane seat when not expanded, or placed in the overhead bin if you choose to fully expand the suitcase.

Travelers appreciate: Owners of this 2-in-1 style rave about the expandability options, as well as the ability to fold down for easy storage when not traveling. They also appreciate that the bag is lightweight and durable, with the capacity to hold a lot of items for its size.

Price: $229.99 or less

What sets it apart: This cube-shaped polycarbonate design offers a compact yet spacious interior space for three to five days of clothing and necessities. The zippered interior divider keeps the contents in place, and there are multiple pockets for smaller items. The bag also has a built-in TSA-accepted lock, spinner wheels and a retractable handle. For easy maneuverability, there are top and side handles to pull the bag out from under the seat or to place in an overhead bin.

Expert review: "If I'm not taking my laptop, this bag is my go-to for quick trips. Since I have lifting restrictions, this underseater glides easily under the seat, so I don't have to try to get it in the overhead bin (which also saves on baggage fees)," Hood says. "I have the poppy (coral) color, and I absolutely adore it! I use compression cubes to fit up to six days of clothing inside this bag, and even when fully packed it glides along moving walkways, sidewalks and airports like a charm. While the handle doesn't feel extremely strong, I'm able to trolley another packed tote with no problem."

What sets it apart: Compact and smartly designed, this underseater has two exterior zippered pockets for easy access to earbuds, reading material or your boarding pass. The interior has a removable clear zippered bag for TSA-compliant toiletries, plus two additional zippered compartments for smaller travel items. For easy access, there's a side slide pocket with a built-in port for a USB charger (sold separately) to charge your phone on the go. It also has a trolley sleeve so it can be used as a personal item in addition to a rolling carry-on bag.

Travelers appreciate: Given its compact design, buyers of this bag like that it fits more than it appears it would hold. They also appreciate that it fits under the seats of even small planes where overhead bins are extremely small. Most note that it is extremely well constructed for the price.

Price: $51.22 or less

Frequently Asked Questions

There's not a standard size for underseaters, and it varies by airline. Several airlines, including Allegiant Air, American Airlines, Frontier Airlines and Spirit Airlines, permit personal item bags up to 18 x 14 x 8 inches. JetBlue allows up to 17 x 13 x 8 inches, while United Airlines considers bags measuring up to 17 x 10 x 9 inches personal items. Consult our article on carry-on and personal item size limits to see each airline's specifications.

Yes, underseat luggage is designed to fit under most airplane seats. Bags that can easily be stowed under the seat are considered personal items. On really small regional jets, you may need to put some underseat luggage in the overhead bin, but having an underseater will also help avoid gate-checking a standard carry-on bag that will be too large for small regional jet overhead space.

Why Trust U.S. News Travel

Rachael Hood rarely checks a bag and likes to have her suitcase within reach while in flight. She has traveled extensively with the CALPAK Luka Soft-sided Mini and the Hue Mini , both of which she likes to maximize the interior space with compression packing cubes. To curate this list, she used her personal experience, research and retail merchandising background.

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• The Top Luggage Sets

Tags: Travel , Travel Gear

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