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Europe’s 7 Best Hubs for Connections

Best European Hubs

Caroline Costello

Caroline Costello's travel accomplishments include surviving a 2 a.m. whitewater rafting excursion in the Canadian wilderness, successfully biking from Dusseldorf to Cologne without a map, and gaining access to a covert pizza speakeasy in New Orleans.

Caroline is an active member of the Society of American Travel Writers (SATW). Her work has appeared on USA Today , the Boston Globe , AOL.com, MSNBC.com, ABC News, TODAY Travel, and CruiseCritic.com, among other publications.

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For passengers coming from North America, reaching most European cities involves a connection. Plan yours in a well-served, easy-to-navigate airport, and it’ll be a cinch to make it to your final destination. We weighed volume, number of direct flights from North America, Skytrax ratings, frequency of delays and cancellations, and general awesomeness to compile this list of super European hubs for connecting flights. Here are seven airports on the Continent and in the U.K. that will help you get on your way fast and easy.

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Dublin Airport, Ireland

Dublin Airport, Ireland

Service: All U.S. legacy airlines operate direct flights from the States to Dublin, as does Aer Lingus. From Dublin, you can connect to more than 100 destinations on the Continent.

Ease: This is a smaller hub, with just two terminals, so it's unlikely you'll get lost here. There's no train connecting Dublin city center to the airport, but it's very easy to take the bus into town. Dublin Bus costs €10 round-trip for the six-mile ride to the city.

What We Love: Cheap flights—and flights that depart on time. There's Aer Lingus, based in Dublin, which offers very competitively priced transatlantic fares. Additionally, travelers can find budget-friendly connections from Dublin to dozens of European cities via discount airline Ryanair. And according to 2012 departure data compiled by FlightStats.com , Dublin has one of the lowest rates of flight cancellations out of the 40 most popular European airports.

Keflavik International Airport, Iceland

Keflavik International Airport, Iceland

Service: Reykjavik's Keflavik is not one of Europe's busiest airports, but it's steadily becoming more popular. Sixteen airlines operate there during the summer high season, with Delta and Icelandair offering direct flights from the U.S.

Ease: Since it's a small airport, it's not difficult to travel between terminals. And it's a cinch to go from the hub to Reykjavik and back again. For about $16 each way, take the Flybus from Keflavik to Reykjavik, which takes 40 to 50 minutes.

What We Love: With Icelandair , travelers en route to Europe or North America can book an overnight (or multinight) stopover in Reykjavik at no additional fee. Spend a day soaking in the Blue Lagoon and then head to your final destination. From Reykjavik, Icelandair connects to more than 20 European locales.

Frankfurt Airport, Germany

Frankfurt Airport, Germany

Service: Germany's busiest airport is a major hub for connecting flights throughout Europe, with direct service from the U.S. via American legacy airlines plus major international carriers Lufthansa, Singapore, and Condor. As the 11th busiest airport on the planet, it connects points around the globe.

Ease: This mega-airport is highly rated on Skytrax, with an overall score of four stars, including four for ease of use and public transport.

What We Love: Frankfurt's Great to Have You Here! program features newly installed rest areas with comfy chairs, updated bathrooms, play areas for kids, and even a Visitors' Terrace , from which flyers can watch plane activity.

Munich Airport, Germany

Munich Airport, Germany

Service: Four airlines offer direct flights from the U.S. to Munich: United, Delta, Lufthansa, and US Airways. And the airport saw record traffic numbers last year, with 38.4 million flyers passing through in 2012 (a 2 percent increase over the year before). Lufthansa and its Star Alliance partners account for 37 percent of Munich's traffic, so it's an excellent hub for Star Alliance members.

Ease: Munich Airport has excellent four-star Skytrax ratings for ease of use and ground transport.

What we Love: It's great for globetrotting kiddos. A survey from Skyscanner found that Munich airport was the world's most family-friendly hub. Thank (or blame) airport attractions like the newly updated Kinderland , where families can actually have scheduled birthday parties. Why not hold your kid's next shindig at the airport?

Heathrow Airport, England

Heathrow Airport, England

Service: All of the U.S. legacy airlines operate direct flights to Heathrow. And it's no surprise: Heathrow is the world's third busiest airport and the busiest hub in Europe. Virgin Atlantic, British Airways, Air New Zealand, and Kuwait Airways also offer direct service from the U.S. to London.

Ease: Heathrow has a high four-star ranking on Skytrax . Passengers give the U.K. hub four-and-a-half out of five stars for ease of use.

What We Love: Shopping! Heathrow was named the world's best airport for shopping in the 2012 Skytrax World Airport Awards. If you're flying on British Airways, you'll transfer through Terminal 5, a newly renovated part of the airport that is the largest freestanding structure in the U.K. There are world-class stores and restaurants at T5, including a Tiffany & Co., a Harrods, and even a Gordon Ramsay restaurant.

Schiphol Airport, The Netherlands

Schiphol Airport, The Netherlands

Service: Amsterdam sees more than 51 million passengers annually and was the world's 16th busiest airport in 2012. It's also Europe's fifth largest passenger airport, connecting travelers to 260 destinations worldwide. Five airlines operate direct flights from the U.S. to Schiphol: Delta, United, US Airways, KLM, and Dutch airline ArkeFly.

Ease: Schiphol has a four-star ranking on Skytrax, including four stars for ease of use and meet-and-greet facilities.

What We Love: Schiphol has plenty of passenger perks, from an art museum to pay-per-use showers . Best of all, it takes about 20 minutes to get from the airport to downtown Amsterdam, so you can easily trek to the city to explore during a long layover.

Paris Charles De Gaulle Airport, France

Paris Charles De Gaulle Airport, France

Service: This is Europe's second-busiest airport. Air France, naturally, is based here. Fly directly from the U.S. to Paris on the French airline, legacy airlines, Air Tahiti Nui, or XL Airways. You can get almost anywhere in Europe via Charles de Gaulle. And budget travelers can hop on low-cost airlines like EasyJet or Flybe to jet on the cheap.

Ease: Sprawling, frenetic Charles de Gaulle is notoriously difficult to navigate; as one of the world's busiest airports, the hub made it onto this list due to sheer volume. (Its Skytrax ratings are poor.) But it is relatively easy to get from Charles de Gaulle to various destinations in France. Via the TGV station at the airport, visitors can travel directly to more than a dozen places in the country.

What we Love: Free stopovers. With Air France or KLM , travelers can stopover in Paris (plus other European cities) for a few nights on the way to their final destinations.

And although travelers love to complain about flying through Charles de Gaulle, statistically, the hub has a lower rate of flight cancellations than the majority of other major European airports.

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Re-open EU: Commission launches a website to safely resume travelling and tourism in the EU

The Commission has just launched ‘Re-open EU', a web platform to support a safe relaunch of travelling and tourism across Europe. It will provide real-time information on borders and available means of transport and tourism services in Member States. Re-open EU will also include practical information provided by Member States on travel restrictions, public health and safety measures such as on physical distancing or wearing of facemasks, as well as other useful information on EU and national tourism offers.

photo of a desk with a map, a laptop, a travel bag, a notebook and pen, passport, miniature airplane, wallet, sunhat and photo camera

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This will allow Europeans to take responsible and well-informed decisions on how to manage continuing risks related to Coronavirus while planning their holidays and travels during this summer and beyond.

Thierry  Breton , Commissioner for Internal Market, said:

After weeks of confinement, EU internal borders are reopening. The Re-open EU website we are launching today will provide travellers with easy access to information to help them confidently make their travel plans and stay safe during their trip. It will also help small restaurant and hotel owners, as well as towns across Europe, draw inspiration from innovative solutions developed by others.

Full press release

Influencer Legal Hub

Influencer Legal Hub

European consumer law and influencer marketing: An introduction to the Influencer Legal Hub

These resources are for anyone making money through creating social media content - this is often called being an influencer . Influencers are content creators who often advertise or sell products on a regular basis - which means that in the eyes of European law they are categorised as traders . Just like any businesses that interact with consumers, in the European Union, traders have a lot of rules to comply with. These rules may seem complicated at first, but that is where the Influencer Legal Hub comes in to help!

The Influencer Legal Hub is a collection of materials including video trainings, written legal briefs, overviews of important European laws and cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union, as well as links to other relevant national consumer authorities and further resources .

By following the video training and becoming familiar with the resources in the Influencer Legal Hub, influencers, agencies and brands (and also consumers) can become familiar with the European consumer protection standards that need to be applied in advertising, selling goods and providing services.

The information in the Influencer Legal Hub has been developed by the European Commission in collaboration with academic experts from Utrecht University in the Netherlands and the University of Leeds in the UK.

The information in the Influencer Legal Hub reflects the position of the Consumer Protection Cooperation Network which adopted the 5 Key Principles on Social Media Marketing Disclosures .

Video trainings

The video trainings are a series of seven videos focused on familiarising influencers, agencies, PR companies, brands, and even consumers, with the most relevant consumer rules that apply to influencers in the European Union. The videos are structured along three different themes:

1. An introduction to consumer protection laws in the European Union This theme is meant to give an overview of the different consumer protection rules that are relevant for influencer activities. European consumer law has a rich history of over 50 years in the European Union, and the introduction is a brief dive into the laws that apply to disclosures on social media, and contracts with consumers, among others. 

2. Influencers as advertisers European consumer law already states that advertising (including brand partnerships on social media, when you create content in exchange for products or services, or affiliate marketing) must be disclosed. These videos go into detail about when these rules apply to influencers (e.g. when they are ‘traders’), and how they can be best complied with. 

3. Influencers as sellers When selling goods and/or services to consumers as traders (as defined in the second theme), influencers also need to comply with rules relating to the transparency they owe consumers (e.g. what information does a seller need to provide to a consumer about its identity and products/services), as well as additional rights (e.g. the right to return goods). These videos offer an overview of the most important rules that influencers need to keep in mind when selling directly to consumers. 

All the videos also emphasise the importance of product safety: influencers should check the products they sell or advertise on  Safety Gate , a Commission website where product recalls are listed. Recalled products should not be sold or advertised, as they pose different types of dangers to the safety and health of consumers. 

The videos focus on seven directives and regulations (which are specific instruments of European law), as well as case law from the Court of Justice of the European Union. This is not an exhaustive overview, but a selection of the most important laws and cases that are generally relevant to influencers.  

Part 1: Overview of consumer protection legislation in the EU

This part of the training focuses on three themes: 

  • Important information on European consumer law, including examples of the rules that apply to influencers;
  • When an influencer becomes a 'trader' in the eyes of the European law;
  • An introduction to the other types of important rules that are relevant for influencer marketing, such as media law and advertising self-regulation.

Influencer Legal Hub trader checklist

Part 2: Influencers as advertisers

This part of the training focuses on two themes:

  • Best legal practices for each of the social media content monetisation business models you are using;
  • Clear guidance on how to best disclose advertising on social media.

Influencer Legal Hub disclosure dos and dont's

Part 3: Influencers as sellers

  • The responsibilities sellers of goods and providers of services have when their goods/services do not meet consumer expectation (these are legally called ‘non-conformity issues’);
  • The information and rights you need to bring to the attention of your audience who buys your products or services.

Why is this necessary?

In the past year, more and more institutions involved in consumer protection and its enforcement have undertaken extensive market monitoring - which means proactively looking at the content published by influencers on social media platforms at a national and European level - and taken enforcement actions against those not complying with regulation. You may have seen some of these efforts - which we have described below - in the news. Consumer protection authorities engage in monitoring exercises in the hope that they will better understand the influencer industry and problems that consumers may have when engaging with social media advertising, goods and services promoted by influencers. It is very likely that the national authority where you live, in addition to the EU, will be finding ways to check that influencers are compliant with the law. 

Some of these actions include:

  • In 2023, the French Consumer Protection Authority (DGCCRF) investigated the commercial practices of influencers . According to its findings, of the 60 influencers it has investigated since 2021, 6 out of 10 did not comply with regulations on advertising and consumer rights. As a consequence, the DGCCRF initiated several procedures and sanctions against the discovered consumer protection violations, such as injunctions asking influencers to post Instagram stories detailing their violations. 
  • In Latvia , the Center for the Protection of Consumer Rights (PTAC) has undertaken several investigations. One investigation from 2023, which involved misleading information of food supplement products led to a €15,000 fine for an influencer. 
  • In 2023, the Romanian Consumer Protection Authority (ANPC) undertook an extensive investigation of the 10 biggest Instagram influencers and found that those influencers consistently failed to disclose advertising.
  • In Spain , the Ministry of Consumer Affairs (the General Sub-directorate of Inspection and Sanctioning Procedures - SGIPS) started an investigation into the main social media platforms in July 2023, to identify possible cases of covert advertising by influencers and, as a result, has sent sanction warnings to major communicators upon verifying that they have spread messages without relevant disclosures. As a preliminary result of this sweep of the platforms, SGIPS has detected that on average 77.75% of the investigated content did not comply with disclosure obligations.
  • In 2022, the Irish Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (CCPC) published its  Social Media Influencers report , which found that failure to label ads is widespread throughout the industry. 48.4% of the commercial content reviewed by the CCPC was not labelled as advertising in any way. Poor levels of labelling related to influencers’ marketing of their own brands was an area of particular concern identified in the research.
  • In 2022, the Norwegian Consumer Authority (NCA) had a national sweep on social media platforms , targeting influencers on Instagram, TikTok and Snapchat, with the goal of uncovering hidden advertising. 47 influencers/advertisers received letters where the NCA concluded that they had breached the rules regarding hidden advertising. In October and November 2020, the NCA observed violations which activated the enforcement penalty (€80,000 for four Instagram-stories posts). This decision was appealed to the Market Council, which found that the commercial intent of all four Instagram-posts were not clear and that the trader was responsible. In 2023, the NCA, the Norwegian Board of Health Supervision and the Norwegian Medicines Agency had a national co-sweep which uncovered a large amount of illegal marketing from influencers working with clinics offering cosmetic procedures. 
  • In 2021, the President of the Polish Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK), Tomasz Chróstny, initiated an investigation to check whether influencers promote scams aimed at misleading consumers (eg. informing consumers about non-existent promotions, concealing important features of an advertised product, falsely exaggerating the product's properties or purpose, or offering things that are harmful or dangerous to health). 
  • In Germany , complaints lodged by consumer associations led to a landmark judgment by the Federal Court of Justice in 2021, harmonising years of earlier judgments from lower instance courts, and emphasising the need to disclose hidden advertising on social media. 
  • In 2021, the Swedish Consumer Agency conducted a national sweep on disclosure of commercial content in social media . In addition to individual influencers, business organisations linked to influencer marketing also received the final report of the sweep. The results showed that it was difficult, in many cases, to distinguish between personal views and commercial content on social media platforms. The sweep revealed suspected infringements on several Instagram posts where disclosures of commercial content were not clear enough. 
  • In Denmark, in 2018, the Danish Consumer Ombudsman undertook a sweep , where it investigated influencers' disclosure of commercial intent on social media. The sweep included commercial posts on Instagram (including Insta Stories), Facebook, YouTube and blogs by 37 influencers. The Danish Consumer Ombudsman has also led four criminal cases regarding the failure to disclose commercial intent on social media, where influencers have received fines of DKK 15,000-50,000.
  • The Italian Consumer Authority (AGCM) has been investigating hidden advertising by influencers since 2017, when it started sending moral suasion letters to influencers found to infringe consumer protection legislation. 

Market monitoring has also been extensively done by academic researchers. In scientific literature, the number of studies on influencer marketing has seen a massive increase in the past years. A lot of papers published in scientific journals in the past years confirm that advertising disclosures remain very scarce so far. Here are some examples below:

  • In 2023, a team from Utrecht and Maastricht University found that across 12 years of activity, mega- and micro-Instagram influencers from Brazil, Germany, the Netherlands and the US only labelled 5.4% of their overall posts as advertising.
  • In 2018, a team from Princeton University found that only 10% of affiliate marketing on YouTube and Pinterest was disclosed by US influencers .

Policy makers and consumer organisations have been equally interested in the rules applicable to this space, as well as their enforcement:

  • The European Consumer Organisation (BEUC) published a position paper ‘From influence to responsibility - Time to regulate influencer marketing ’ (2023) providing recommendations, both for a reform to further regulate influencer marketing and for better enforcement of existing EU legislation in this sector. 
  • In 2022, the European Parliament published a commissioned study on ‘ The impact of influencers on advertising and consumer protection in the Single Market ’. This study provides information and analysis on the impact of influencers on advertising and consumer protection in the Internal Market, identifies best practices and makes recommendations for future action. 

There is evidence here that there are a number of issues in influencer marketing, and many influencers are not complying with the law. If you are an influencer that has found to not comply with regulation, this can put you at real risk of fines and even more severe consequences. The Influencer Hub aims to explain the laws that apply to influencers, and guide influencers in complying with these laws to protect their own audiences.  

Launching webinar

To learn more about the project, you can watch the launch webinar for the Influencer Legal Hub which brought relevant industry players and stakeholders around the table to disuss the context and main takeaways of this intiative.

More resources

Here are more resources that help to give more information on the topics described in the the video trainings:

  • Some more relevant European consumer laws that apply to influencer marketing and that are featured in the video trainings;
  • An overview of the case law from the Court of Justice of the European Union that is discussed in the video trainings;
  • An overview of the most important research reports of the last years which describe in detail how European consumer law applies to influencer marketing and what compliance issues exist;
  • Additional information on consumer protection authorities, media authorities and self-regulatory organisations in the European Union;
  • External resources by self-regulatory organisations and university research groups. 

Selected European consumer rules (Directives and Regulations):

  • Unfair Commercial Practices Directive ;
  • Unfair Contract Terms Directive ; 
  • Consumer Rights Directive ;
  • Digital Content Directive ; 
  • Consumer Sales Directive ;
  • Digital Services Act ;
  • General Product Safety Regulation .
  • CJEU Case C-105/17 ( Kamenova ) – offering criteria to determine when an individual is a trader (e.g. VAT number, volume of sales, etc.);
  • Case C-371/20 ( Peek & Cloppenburg ) – the concept of paying for an advertorial also includes exchanging copyright-free photos (payment is not only a transfer of money).

Research reports:

  • Opinion of the European Economic and Social Council (July 2023); 
  • BEUC position paper ‘ From influence to responsibility - Time to regulate influencer marketing ’ (July 2023);
  • European Parliament study ‘ The impact of influencers on advertising and consumer protection in the Single Market ’ (February 2022);
  • ERGA Report ‘ Analysis and recommendations concerning the regulation of vloggers ’ (2021). 

National consumer protection authorities:

  • Each Member State has a consumer protection authority that applies European and national consumer protection rules in practice. More information can be found here: CPC Network .

Some Consumer Protection Authorities have published specific guidelines for influencers and content creators:

  • Belgium: ‘ Are you a content creator or influencer? Then you must comply with these obligations regarding commercial communication ’;
  • Denmark: ‘ Good advice for influencers about hidden advertising ’;
  • Finland: ‘ Influencer marketing in social media ’
  • Germany: ‘ Influencer marketing: Updated guidelines’; ‘Influencer or not? When a post on social media is advertising ’; 
  • Hungary: ‘ Tájékoztató az influenszer marketingről ’;
  • Ireland: ‘ Guidance on influencer advertising and marketing ’
  • Latvia: ‘ Social Media and Influencer Marketing ’;
  • Lithuania: ‘ Reklamos Žymėjimo Socialinėje Erdvėje Gairių Atmintinė ’;  
  • Norway: ‘ Body pressure on social media ’; ‘ Labeling alterated marketing images and videos ’; ‘ Marketing on social media ’; ‘ Pyramid scheme ’; ‘ Social media ’; ‘ Marketing of cosmetic procedures on social media ’; ‘ Marketing towards children ’; ‘ The use of contest as marketing on social media ’; ‘ Labeling retouched advertisement ’; ‘ Marketing in podcast ’;
  • Poland: ‘ Recommendations of the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection pertaining to the tagging of advertising content by influencers on social media ’; 
  • Portugal: ' Guia informativo sobre regras e boas praticas na comunicação comercial no meio digital '
  • Sweden: ‘ Marketing in social media ’; ‘ Advertising in social media, what applies?; ‘Guidance on social media marketing ’.

Other national authorities: 

  • Each Member State has a media authority, tasked with applying European and national media law in practice. An overview of these authorities is managed by the European Regulators Group for Audiovisual Media Services.
  • The same applies to taxation and customs authorities. More information about the different national tax websites can be found here .

Self-regulatory organisations:

  • Apart from national authorities, there are also advertising self-regulatory organisations making voluntary standards that traders can follow. Such organisations are members of the European Advertising Standards Alliance , focused on promoting responsible advertising by providing detailed guidance on how to go about advertising self-regulation for the benefit of consumers and businesses.

Industry associations:

  • The European Association of Communication Agencies is the voice of Europe’s communications agencies and associations, promoting the economic and social contribution of commercial communications to society.

Academic resources:

  • HUMANads is a European Research Council Starting Grant hosted at Utrecht University. It is the largest research project on influencer marketing in the European Union. On the project website, you can find more information about:
  • more scientific studies about influencer marketing;
  • judgments from national courts in the European Union, the United States and other jurisdictions;
  • information about Chambers of Commerce in the Member States;
  • past and future events explaining the legal rules applicable to influencers.

Related links

Commission and consumer authorities look into business practices of influencers News - 16 October 2023

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7 best travel hubs in europe.

Every single article about saving money on travel says something about “using a hub city” or “flying into a hub city”. But what exactly are these travel hubs and how can they help us save money on travel?

A transport hub is a place where passengers (and cargo) are exchanged between transport modes or vehicles. Public transport hubs include airports, train stations, bus stops, tram stop, and ferry ports.

When we talk about travel hubs we usually refer to the best airports to fly into a certain continent/country, as well as the best cities which offer multiple options for onward by land travel.

Airports can be both transport hubs – offering great options for onward travel- and hubs for airlines – offering excellent connections on certain airlines but forcing passengers to change planes for onward travel.

In this article, I will go over a list of busiest and best airports and cities in Europe to use as hubs for your trips.

Reykjavik, Iceland

reykjavik

Reykjavik’s International Aiport (Keflavik. KEF) is one of Europe’s busiest airports and an amazing one to use as a hub when you connect between North America and Europe. Icelandair (FI) is the main carrier here , connecting the two continents with very good and affordable flights.

You can also use this airport to switch to fly on a low-cost European carrier – such as EasyJet (U2) – for your onward travel.

>> book your accommodation in Reykjavik

Tip : make use of the free stopover options from Icelandair and plan to break up the trip and visit Iceland’s capital while you are at it.

Dublin, Ireland

dublin

Dublin’s Airport (DUB) is one of the busiest in Europe and a great option to connect to and from the States. Aer Lingus (EI) offers plenty of flights in both directions but you can also use Ryanair (FR) to connect to other cities in Europe. The US legacy carriers (American Airlines – AA, United Airlines – UA and Delta Air Lines – DL) also fly to Dublin.

Dublin is also a great start for a by-land trip in Europe. Take a ferry and train to get to London, for example, then continue to the rest of Europe by using its very good rail network.

>> book your accommodation in Dublin

Tip : just like Icelandair, Aer Lingus also has a free stopover option. Look it up when you plan to fly to Europe.

London , England

london

London’s Heathrow (LHR) is the third busiest airport in the world so it is not surprising that it can be an amazing hub for your flight into and out of Europe. All US legacy carriers fly here and there are endless options to connect onward. British Airways (BA) is a very good option to look at when you plan to fly through or into London and for your onward legs, you can look at low-cost carriers as Ryanair has a strong presence here.

By land travel is not a bad idea either for continuing into mainland Europe; you can take a ferry, train or bus to get to Paris and then continue using the continent’s very good rail and road infrastructure.

>> book your accommodation in London

Tip : you guessed it, British Airways also includes free stopovers when you book through them.

Amsterdam, Netherlands

amsterdam1

Amsterdam’s Schipol Airport (AMS) is Europe’s fifth-largest airport and another good option for your flights between the Americas and Europe. While London’s Heathrow does get some traffic from South America, Amsterdam is connected to a lot more cities thanks to being KLM’s hub (and thus hub for the airline’s partners as well: Alitalia (AZ), Delta Air Lines (DL) and Air France (AF).

If you wish to continue on a low-cost carrier, EasyJet is the best option, while Pegasus will take you all the way to Turkey.

>> book your accommodation in Amsterdam

Tip: and yes, KLM also offers free stopovers, so why not check out Amsterdam while you are at it?

Frankfurt, Germany

frankfurt

Frankfurt’s Airport (FRA) is the busiest in Germany and a very well known hub for connecting flights through Europe. Lufthansa (LH) rules here, but Condor (DE) also has a strong presence along with the US legacy carriers. If you are flying from the Caribbean into Europe, this is likely the airport of choice, though it receives a lot of flights from North America, as well.

It is a good idea to continue with your travels within Europe by land from here as Frankfurt is really well connected to the rail and road networks. Unfortunately, the well known low-cost airlines in Europe don’t operate here.

>> book your accommodation in Frankfurt

Vienna, Austria

vienna

Vienna’s Airport (VIE) does not compare to the others on the list in terms of how much traffic it gets. However, it is one of the cheap airports to fly into from a handful of US Airports: Washington DC (IAD), Miami (MIA), Chicago (CHI) and New York (JFK).

Austrian Airlines (OS) is the airline that calls Vienna its hub. From here, you can easily connect to the rest of Europe by rail, road or water (hello, Danube).

>> book your accommodation in Vienna

Paris, France

paris

Charles de Gaulle Airport (CDG), serving Paris , is the second busiest airport in Europe and a hub for Air France (AF) . It connects Europe to the entire world and offers a lot of flights from the Americas. The US legacy carriers fly here and if you want to fly on a low-cost carrier onward, you can choose EasyJet.

You can also connect to the rest of Europe by land or by rail.

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Tip: Air France also allows you include stopovers but, of course, it depends on the fare rules governing your ticket.

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7 thoughts on “ 7 Best Travel Hubs in Europe ”

Cristina: Hola!!! Leí tu artículo, me parece bueno, pero te agrego que por experiencia (2 viajes por Europa viniendo desde Argentina), creo que para los que venimos desde Sudamérica Madrid, Barcelona o Roma (y para los que vienen de Brasil, Lisboa) son excelentes hubs para viajar por Europa, los cuales son muchos más convenientes que Dublin o Amsterdam. Saludos, Patricio

Dear Patricio,

Thank you from the comment. I did write from experience as well (I’ve worked as travel agent). Amsterdam is a good hub for flying from South America though, but Dublin no, it’s for North America. The ones I listed are also the most affordable and with the most flights to Europe from either North or South America (or both). Madrid does get a high amount of traffic from South America but it may not be the most affordable airport to fly into . Barcelona barely gets any traffic and Rome is terrible hub for flying into Europe. It doesn’t really get any good amount of flights from anywhere but it does offer connections within Europe.

It doesn’t depend on the airline you fly usually on. If you are from South America and fly the LA-TAM airlines, then you are likely to find better options for the three cities you listed. Otherwise, anyone flying the US legacy carriers and their partners will find the airports I listed better choices.

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Sugar Water open at Washington Inn, Centre at Salisbury retail hub | What's Going There

Summer is just around the bend, and plenty of new businesses are popping up along the way.

Here's what's new in the Eastern Shore business world this week.

Princess Anne

Sugar water.

11784 Somerset Ave .

Sugar Water at the Washington Hotel has begun its soft opening phase. The brand-new restaurant, offering fresh, farm-to-table meals, is located in the historic hotel located at 11784 Somerset Ave. in downtown Princess Anne. The restaurant and hotel are now owned by Dana Zucker, and led by Chef Seth.

The soft opening phase will allow ample time to tweak the menu, complete staff training, and ensure everything is running smoothly before the restaurant's official grand opening and ribbon-cutting ceremony in late June, said Sugar Water in a May 24 news release.

Work on the hotel rooms is currently underway. Following interior improvements, the hotel's 10 rooms are expected to reopen in June. The Washington Inn and Tavern underwent new ownership in March, when Westover's Sugar Water Manor announced its intent to grow its brand after closing on the hotel.

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Olivia Minzola covers communities on the Lower Shore. Contact her with tips and story ideas at  [email protected] .

This article originally appeared on Salisbury Daily Times: Sugar Water open at Washington Inn, Centre at Salisbury retail hub | What's Going There

Sugar Water, a new farm and water-to-table restaurant, opened at Princess Anne's historic Washington Hotel in May, 2024. The property was recently purchased from the town of Princess Anne, Maryland, by Dana Zucker.

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Delivering hydrogen to EU’s industry: which are the greenest options?

Using hydrogen produced from abundantly available renewables on-site is the most sustainable option. Delivering compressed renewable hydrogen via pipelines or shipping liquid renewable hydrogen could still be environmentally friendly, research says.

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Renewable hydrogen is expected to play a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions in Europe. Previous JRC  research revealed that sourcing it from regions with cheaper renewable energy can prove to be more cost-effective than local production. 

However, environmental concerns arise from transporting large quantities of hydrogen over long distances, as the environmental impact varies significantly according to the production technology and the method of delivery. 

To address these concerns, a  new study compares the life cycle environmental impacts of on-site production through steam methane reforming (SMR) or electrolysis with three different delivery methods, including compression, liquefaction, and chemical bonding to other molecules.  Transportation by both ship and pipeline was considered.

The distance used to compare the different methods of delivery is 2,500 km, compatible with the extent of EU territory and equivalent to the distance between Portugal and the Netherlands. The two countries were considered based on a proposal in an EU funded project which examined the feasibility of sustainable hydrogen transportation.

The results show that the environmental performance of hydrogen supplied to large industries can vary significantly based on the production technology and delivery pathway. 

The study was carried out by the JRC for the  Clean Hydrogen Partnership , a public-private partnership supporting research and innovation (R&I) activities in hydrogen technologies in Europe. The findings result in key recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to help countries and industries to accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable hydrogen economy.

On-site production versus long-distance delivery

The most environmentally sustainable approach is on-site production using efficient renewable sources, such as wind power in the Netherlands. If on-site production is not viable using local abundant renewable sources, importing renewable hydrogen can still lead to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to on-site production with fossil fuels. However, focusing solely on GHG emissions may lead to other, unintended environmental impacts. 

Shipping liquid hydrogen and transporting compressed hydrogen through pipelines appear to have the least environmental impact when delivering hydrogen over long distances. 

Meanwhile, the process of packing and unpacking hydrogen into chemical carriers such as ammonia, liquid organic compounds, methanol, and synthetic natural gas demands larger amounts of energy and resources. It makes these options less desirable to minimise environmental impact. But no significant difference was noticed in comparative environmental impact of delivery methods when comparing chemical carriers one with another. 

Role of renewable energy infrastructure 

The report emphasises the close relationship between the environmental impact of delivered hydrogen and renewable energy infrastructure. 

For imported solar-generated hydrogen to have an environmental advantage over conventional hydrogen production from fossil fuels, the environmental impact of generating electricity through photovoltaic panels must be significantly reduced. 

This can be achieved by improving the efficiency of photovoltaic panels in terms of materials use and utilising renewable energy for their production.

Impact of water use

Water use is another crucial factor to consider. The availability of freshwater affects the impact of hydrogen production. On-site hydrogen generation in water-rich countries proves to be a more sustainable option in terms of water use compared to importing hydrogen from water-scarce nations. 

Hydrogen loss

Hydrogen losses during the delivery chain can significantly increase the environmental impact of delivered hydrogen. However, options that are more susceptible to losses, such as liquid and compressed hydrogen, still have lower environmental impacts than using hydrogen carriers.

When on-site production of hydrogen using local renewable sources is not feasible, importing renewable hydrogen from closer regions becomes the more environmentally sustainable choice. When transporting hydrogen over long distances within Europe, delivering compressed hydrogen through pipelines or liquid hydrogen via ships stands out as the preferred option in terms of environmental impact.

Related links

Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) comparison of hydrogen delivery options within Europe

Clean Hydrogen Partnership

EU Hydrogen strategy

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Saratov Oblast Travel Guide: All You Need To Know

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Saratov Oblast, an unassuming gem in the heart of Russia, is a region that captivates with its rich history, natural beauty, and warm hospitality. Nestled along the majestic Volga River, this picturesque destination offers an array of experiences for travelers. In this comprehensive travel guide, we’ll delve into everything you need to know about Saratov Oblast, including the best time to visit, must-see places, exciting activities, transportation options, dining experiences, accommodation choices, famous street markets, and essential travel tips to make your journey to this hidden gem truly unforgettable.

About Saratov Oblast: Geography: Saratov Oblast is located in the southern part of European Russia, along the Volga River. The region boasts diverse landscapes, including fertile plains, rolling hills, and picturesque riverbanks.

Cultural Heritage: Saratov is known for its rich cultural heritage, with influences from Russian, Tatar, and German traditions. It is famous for its local festivals, music, and folklore.

Best Time to Visit Saratov Oblast: Summer (June to August): Summer is the prime tourist season in Saratov Oblast. The weather is warm, nature is in full bloom, and outdoor activities are at their peak.

Spring (May and early June) and Autumn (September): These transitional seasons offer pleasant weather and fewer crowds, making them ideal for exploring the region.

Winter (December to February): If you enjoy winter activities and the beauty of snow-covered landscapes, visiting Saratov Oblast in winter can be a unique experience.

Places to Visit in Saratov Oblast: Saratov: The city of Saratov, the regional capital, is known for its vibrant cultural scene. Don’t miss the Saratov State Art Museum, the beautiful riverfront, and the historic city center.

Engels: This picturesque town is located on the Volga River and is known for its charming architecture, parks, and the picturesque Lenin Square.

Volga River: The Volga River, one of Russia’s most famous waterways, flows through Saratov Oblast. Enjoy a river cruise to appreciate the scenic beauty and historical sites along its banks.

Sokolova Mountain: For panoramic views of the Volga River and the surrounding landscape, visit Sokolova Mountain. It’s a perfect spot for hiking and photography.

Things to Do in Saratov Oblast: Saratov Beaches: Enjoy the sandy beaches along the Volga River during the summer months, where you can swim, sunbathe, and engage in water sports.

Volga River Cruises: Take a cruise along the Volga River to appreciate the natural beauty of the area and to visit nearby towns and attractions.

Local Festivals: Participate in local festivals and events, such as the Saratov Festival of Balloons and the annual Volga Day celebration.

Local Cuisine: Savor the local flavors of Saratov, including traditional Russian dishes, Tatar cuisine, and German specialties influenced by the region’s heritage.

How to Get Around Saratov Oblast: Public Transportation: Saratov Oblast has an efficient public transportation system, including trams, buses, trolleybuses, and a metro in Saratov city.

Taxis: Taxis are readily available in Saratov Oblast. Make sure to use official and registered taxi services to ensure a safe and fair experience.

Walking: Many of the city’s attractions are within walking distance of each other, making it a pedestrian-friendly destination.

Where to Eat in Saratov Oblast: Russian Cuisine: Sample traditional Russian dishes like borscht, pelmeni, and shashlik at local restaurants. Don’t miss the opportunity to savor the local flavors.

International Cuisine: Saratov Oblast also offers a variety of international cuisine, including Italian, Chinese, and European restaurants. You can find options to suit diverse tastes.

Cafes and Bakeries: For a quick snack or a cup of coffee, Saratov Oblast has numerous cafes and bakeries where you can relax and enjoy a break.

Famous Street Stalls in Saratov Oblast: While street food stalls are not as prevalent in Saratov Oblast as in some other cities, you can find local stalls offering traditional Russian snacks and fast food in some areas.

Where to Stay in Saratov Oblast: Hotels: Saratov Oblast offers a range of hotels, from luxury to budget-friendly. Some popular options include the Saratov Marriott Hotel and the Saratov Hotel.

Hostels: If you’re traveling on a budget, Saratov Oblast has several hostels that offer affordable accommodations with basic amenities.

Guesthouses and Homestays: For a more personal and homely experience, consider staying in guesthouses or bed and breakfasts in smaller towns and villages.

Travel Tips for Saratov Oblast: Visa Requirements: Ensure you have the necessary visa to enter Russia well ahead of your trip. Visa processing can take some time.

Language Barrier: English may not be widely spoken, so it’s helpful to learn some basic Russian phrases or have a translation app handy.

Currency Exchange: It’s advisable to exchange some currency to Russian Rubles before your trip. ATMs are widely available for cash withdrawals.

Respect Local Customs: Russian culture values politeness and respect. Be courteous to the locals and follow cultural norms.

Weather Preparation: Depending on the season of your visit, pack accordingly. Winters can be extremely cold, so bring warm clothing.

Conclusion: Saratov Oblast, with its diverse landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and unique experiences, promises an unforgettable journey for travelers. Whether you’re captivated by the natural beauty, cultural festivals, or outdoor activities, Saratov Oblast has something for every type of traveler. By following the travel tips provided in this guide, you can make the most of your visit to this hidden gem, whether you come in the summer, winter, or any other season. Saratov Oblast is a destination where lasting memories are waiting to be created.

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German policeman’s killing deepens political chasm ahead of EU vote

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The death of a policeman at the hands of a knife-wielding Afghan migrant has raised deep concerns about political violence in Germany just days ahead of European parliament elections.

Chancellor Olaf Scholz on Monday vowed forceful action against extremists of every political persuasion, after the far right Alternative for Germany (AfD) used the incident to stoke anti-immigrant fear.

“We will defend the rule of law and our security with all means at our disposal,” he said. Extremists from the left and right “should expect us to deploy all available means to confront them”.

Police said the suspect, identified only as Sulaiman A., attacked several people in the south-western city of Mannheim last week at an event organised by the Pax Europa Movement (BPE), which campaigns against what its members describe as the “creeping Islamisation” of Germany.

Six people were injured in the attack, including Michael Stürzenberger, one of the BPE’s leaders. The policeman, named as Rouven L., was repeatedly stabbed in the head and neck, and on Sunday succumbed to his wounds.

AfD leaders Tino Chrupalla and Alice Weidel said they were “worried about all the policemen who daily put their life in danger due to [Germany’s] failed immigration and security policies”.

They said the AfD wanted “safe borders and a Fortress Europe”. Immigration from Afghanistan must stop, they added, and Afghan refugees deported back to their homeland.

Nancy Faeser, interior minister, said the perpetrator must be “punished for this murderous act with the full force of the law”.

“The motive is still being investigated, but it’s clear: our security services are keeping a close eye on the Islamist scene and will intensify this fight in the future,” she said.

The suspect is a 25-year-old man, married with two children, who was born in Afghanistan and came to Germany as a refugee in 2014. Police have not been able to question him yet because he was hurt in the incident and is still receiving medical treatment.

German news reports alleged that he had links to Germany’s Islamist scene, but was not known to authorities as an extremist.

German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier said he was “deeply shocked” by the policeman’s death, saying the officer had “courageously intervened to save people’s lives”.

He also expressed concern about the “brutalisation of the political debate” in Germany and the “increasing willingness [of some people] in our country to resort to violence”. “It can’t go on like this,” he said. “Violence endangers what has made our democracy strong.”

The leader of the opposition, Christian Democrat head Friedrich Merz, went further, saying the “murder must have tough consequences, including for those who sympathise with the perpetrator”.

The AfD’s youth wing “Young Alternative” held a protest in Mannheim on Sunday under the slogan: “Remigration would have prevented this crime”.

Remigration is an extremist term that includes mass deportation of German nationals with immigrant roots. The AfD in January caused controversy when it emerged that some of its party officials attended secret meetings with a white supremacist leader where this concept was discussed.

In Mannheim, locals responded to the AfD youth protest by organising a human chain aimed at “counteracting hatred and violence”.

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Delta to resume Tel Aviv service from New York-JFK on Friday

Nonstop daily service resumes June 7 after extensive security risk assessment, as the airline continues to closely monitor the situation in Israel.

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Delta will resume daily nonstop service to Tel Aviv (TLV) from New York-JFK this summer, operating the route on an Airbus A330-900neo that will provide customers with nearly 2,000 weekly seats from New York to Israel.

The decision to resume the route on June 7, 2024, which was temporarily suspended in October 2023, follows an extensive security risk assessment by the airline. Delta continues to closely monitor the situation in Israel in conjunction with government and private-sector partners.

In recent months, Delta has strengthened its presence in Israel through a codeshare arrangement with EL AL Israel Airlines. Delta customers have access to EL AL’s direct services to Tel Aviv from major U.S. cities like New York-JFK, New York-Newark, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami and Fort Lauderdale. With the reinstatement of Delta’s New York-JFK service this summer, customers have additional travel choices connecting North America and Israel.

For booking and more information, visit delta.com .

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  1. Europa Travel Hub

    Welcome to Europa Travel Hub! With over a decade of experience in the European market, we specialize in creating customized travel itineraries for Europe and Scandinavia that cater to your personal plans and preferences. Let us take care of all the details, so you can enjoy an unforgettable and hassle-free trip.

  2. Europe's 7 Best Hubs for Connections

    Service: Germany's busiest airport is a major hub for connecting flights throughout Europe, with direct service from the U.S. via American legacy airlines plus major international carriers ...

  3. The Ultimate Europe Travel Guide • The Blonde Abroad

    Spain, Italy, Malta, Greece, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro are some of the most visited destinations in the region. It's known for its incredible sailing, natural wonders, and ancient history. And the food and wine! Talk about a wine lover's dream destination. Western Europe: Western Europe is one of the most popular ...

  4. EU helps citizens travel safely across Europe: 20 million visits to the

    Re-open EU is the European Commission's free platform, which provides timely information on travel restrictions, public health and safety measures, helping all to plan and prepare safe holidays, personal and work trips across Europe. It now also informs travellers about the use of EU Digital COVID Certificates. Today, Re-open EU reached 20 million visits to the website, on top of 1.5 million ...

  5. Europa Travel Hub

    Europa Travel Hub, Bangalore, India. 1,401 likes · 1 talking about this. Welcome to ETH, Your Premier European DMC & Tour Organizer! Discover unforgettable travel experiences

  6. "Unlock the World's Wonders with Europa Travel Hub! ️ ...

    "Unlock the World's Wonders with Europa Travel Hub! ️ Explore Europe's historic treasures, embrace wild beauty, and discover breathtaking landscapes....

  7. Re-open EU: Commission launches a website to safely resume travelling

    The Commission has just launched 'Re-open EU', a web platform to support a safe relaunch of travelling and tourism across Europe. It will provide real-time information on borders and available means of transport and tourism services in Member States. Re-open EU will also include practical information provided by Member States on travel restrictions, public health and safety measures such as ...

  8. Air Europa Official Website United States of America

    Access discounts for future trips and other services. Compare and book the best flight deals to over 130 destinations around the world. Take advantage of the exclusive benefits of Air Europa's SUMA Loyalty Programme and fly for less. Enjoy excellent service, delicious menus, in-flight entertainment and wifi on board.

  9. Influencer Legal Hub

    The Influencer Legal Hub is a collection of materials including video trainings, written legal briefs, overviews of important European laws and cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union, as well as links to other relevant national consumer authorities and further resources. By following the video training and becoming familiar ...

  10. Viva Europa Travel » Travel Agencies

    8600 Washington Ave. | Alexandria, Virginia 22309. TravelHUB puts THOUSANDS of certified, specialized travel agencies at your fingertips.

  11. 7 Best Travel Hubs in Europe

    Charles de Gaulle Airport (CDG), serving Paris , is the second busiest airport in Europe and a hub for Air France (AF). It connects Europe to the entire world and offers a lot of flights from the Americas. The US legacy carriers fly here and if you want to fly on a low-cost carrier onward, you can choose EasyJet.

  12. Home

    Europass is a set of online tools to help with creating CVs, cover letters and also help users to find jobs and courses in the EU. Europass also matches user skills and interests such as location and topic to success suitable jobs. It is a useful tool to find information on studying or working in the Europe.

  13. Europa Travel

    Rezerva-ti vacanta cu avionul sau autocarul prin agentia de turism Europa Travel. Promotii early booking pentru vacante si circuite in intreaga lume. Call Center: 021-9407 Rezerva acum! ... EUROPA MERIDIAN RG SRL | CUI RO20945823 | J40/2099/2007 | ...

  14. Vodafone Travel eSIM Europe

    Buy your Vodafone Travel eSIM, install it quickly and enjoy our fast internet in Europe. eSIM Store. Blog. Help. Affordable mobile data across Europe and beyond. Stay connected in 45+ countries in Europe with a single eSIM from Vodafone Travel. Select Product. Watch 60 second video ...

  15. Press corner

    Highlights, press releases and speeches

  16. Sugar Water open at Washington Inn, Centre at Salisbury retail hub

    Sugar Water at the Washington Hotel has begun its soft opening phase. The brand-new restaurant, offering fresh, farm-to-table meals, is located in the historic hotel located at 11784 Somerset Ave ...

  17. Europa

    Europa. 34 reviews. #2 of 8 small hotels in Engels. Pushkina Street 3, Engels 413100 Russia. Write a review. Check availability. View all photos ( 18)

  18. Delivering hydrogen to EU's industry: which are the greenest options?

    Renewable hydrogen is expected to play a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions in Europe. Previous JRC research revealed that sourcing it from regions with cheaper renewable energy can prove to be more cost-effective than local production.. However, environmental concerns arise from transporting large quantities of hydrogen over long distances, as the environmental impact varies ...

  19. Sweet or savory: More options, new snacks and chef ...

    Menu items have been styled using exact ingredients and portions served on board. Now boarding: Delicious flavors by route . Wherever your travels take you this summer, Delta is serving up delicious, regional favorites across the network for premium cabin customers.

  20. EUROPA

    Europa, Engels: See 34 traveller reviews, 18 candid photos, and great deals for Europa, ranked #2 of 9 B&Bs / inns in Engels and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. ... View prices for your travel dates. Check In. Fri, 31 May. Check Out. Sat, 01 Jun. Guests. 1 room, 2 adults, 0 children. Contact accommodation for availability. There are similar hotels ...

  21. Saratov Oblast Travel Guide: All You Need To Know

    Saratov Oblast, an unassuming gem in the heart of Russia, is a region that captivates with its rich history, natural beauty, and warm hospitality. Nestled along the majestic Volga River, this picturesque destination offers an array of experiences for travelers. In this comprehensive travel guide, we'll delve into everything you need to know about Saratov …

  22. German policeman's killing deepens political chasm ahead of EU vote

    Police said the suspect, identified only as Sulaiman A., attacked several people in the south-western city of Mannheim last week at an event organised by the Pax Europa Movement (BPE), which ...

  23. Qantas to Create New International Travel Hub in Australia's West

    SYDNEY—Qantas QAN-0.66%decrease; red down pointing triangle Airways said it would create a new hub for international flights in Australia's far west, betting on growth in demand for global ...

  24. Delta to resume Tel Aviv service from New York-JFK on Friday

    Delta customers have access to EL AL's direct services to Tel Aviv from major U.S. cities like New York-JFK, New York-Newark, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami and Fort Lauderdale. With the reinstatement of Delta's New York-JFK service this summer, customers have additional travel choices connecting North America and Israel.