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12 Top Attractions & Places to Visit in Madagascar

By Spencer Leasca · Last updated on May 4, 2024

One of the last major areas on Earth to be settled by humans, the natural beauty and ecological diversity of Madagascar makes it feel like a country forgotten by time.

Located off the eastern coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean, Madagascar is home to thousands of plant and animal species found nowhere else in the world. Madagascar’s extraordinary natural diversity has earned the country the nickname “the eighth continent”. From the iconic lemurs and baobab trees to the vibrant chameleons and intricate orchids, each step reveals the island’s remarkable and endemic treasures.

Beyond its spectacular wildlife, things to do in Madagascar also include exploring its diverse landscapes. Travelers can trek through lush rainforests, traverse spiny deserts, and marvel at limestone formations that defy imagination. At the same time, the intoxicating rhythms of traditional music, the delicious flavours of the local cuisine and the warm hospitality of the Malagasy people will captivate you.

Visit the top tourist attractions in Madagascar to discover for yourself the natural, cultural and historical diversity that is this country. You’ll instantly fall in love with it.

12. Ranomafana National Park

Sprawling across the Vatovavy and Haute Matsiatra regions, stunning Ranomafana National Park boasts incredible biodiversity and breathtaking landscapes.

Located in southeastern Madagascar, the park’s name means ‘hot water’ in Malagasy. It refers to the numerous thermal springs – many of which are reputed to have curative powers – found in the adjacent town of Ranomafana.

Visiting Ranomafana National Park offers a chance to witness unique wildlife, including endangered species like the golden bamboo lemur and the elusive fossa. Exploring the well-maintained trails, you’ll encounter cascading waterfalls, picturesque streams, and diverse plant life that ranges from orchids to towering ferns.

Organised tours are mandatory at the park, with experienced guides educating tourists about its ecosystem and conservation efforts. But for a truly immersive experience, consider staying in nearby eco-lodges and participating in night walks to observe nocturnal creatures.

11. Tsingy Rouge Park

Tsingy Rouge Park presents one of the more unique and breathtaking sites in Madagascar.

Situated within the southwestern part of the island, it is renowned for its stunning red limestone formations, resembling a labyrinth of sharp peaks and spires.

A mesmerizing geological wonder, a visit to Tsingy Rouge Park provides a surreal and otherworldly experience. The rusty-red color of the towering limestone structures creates a striking contrast against the surrounding greenery. It is even more magnificent under a cerulean sky.

The park is home to various species of plants and animals who have adapted to this rugged environment, such as lemurs, reptiles, and different bird species.

Exploring the park’s intricate network of trails and bridges is best done with a local guide. They will navigate the challenging terrain and take you to lookouts that showcase tremendous panoramic views.

10. Lemurs’ Park in Antananarivo

You’ll want to head to Lemurs’ Park if you’ve never seen a Lemur.

Located near Antananarivo, the capital city of Madagascar, the park provides a safe and natural habitat for several species of this prosimian. Offering an educational and immersive experience, it allows visitors to observe these fascinating primates in a semi-wild environment.

Guided tours provide valuable insights into the animal’s behavior, their habitat’s ecological importance, and the park’s conservation efforts.

As you are led through the park’s lush vegetation, you’ll encounter lemurs of different species, including ring-tailed lemurs, brown lemurs, and sifakas. These playful and curious creatures often come close, offering an opportunity for unique and memorable interactions.

Aside from the primates, Lemurs’ Park also features botanical gardens with diverse endemic plant species, providing you with additional insights into Madagascar’s rich biodiversity.

Those wanting a serene and laid-back beach experience should head to Ifaty.

A charming village on the southwestern coast, the white sandy beaches of Ifaty provide a picturesque setting for sunbathing, swimming, and leisurely walks along the shore.

The most popular things to do in Ifaty are snorkeling and diving, as it contains diverse marine ecosystems surrounding the region’s coral reefs. They are home to a dazzling collection of colorful fish, turtles, and other fascinating sea creatures.

Beyond the beaches, Ifaty is a gateway to the nearby Reniala Nature Reserve, where visitors can explore the spiny forest, a distinct ecosystem characterized by peculiar flora and fauna. Guided walks in the reserve offer opportunities to encounter baobab trees, rare bird species, and even the endangered radiated tortoise.

8. Masoala National Park

Over on the northeastern coast of Madagascar, Masoala National Park is a magnificent tropical rainforest sanctuary that is one of the largest protected areas in the country.

Only accessible by boat through the Gulf of Antongil from Maroantsetra, the park encompasses pristine beaches, dense rainforests, and numerous other diverse marine ecosystems. It is home to several rare and endemic species, including the wonderfully named aye aye, the red-ruffed lemur, and the colorful helmet vanga bird.

The best chance of seeing them is by hiking through the lush forest trails. However, should you prefer your explorations to be underwater, the park is also home to magnificent coral reefs. Favoured by snorkelers and diving enthusiasts, you should see plenty of turtles among the marine life.

7. Andasibe-Mantadia National Park

Nestled on the island’s eastern side, Andasibe-Mantadia National Park is an enchanting destination.

As its name suggests, it comprises two sections: Andasibe and Mantadia. Both are renowned for their lush rainforests, unique fauna, and mesmerizing landscapes.

If you come here, you will be able to encounter the indri lemurs. The largest living lemurs are known for their distinctive calls and acrobatic leaps through the trees, which will captivate your attention.

Guided walks along well-maintained trails provide riveting experiences, allowing visitors to appreciate the park’s lush vegetation, towering trees, and spectacular, cascading waterfalls.

To enhance your experience, consider embarking on a night walk, where you can witness nocturnal creatures and listen to the symphony of the forest.

6. Royal Hill of Ambohimanga

If you are interested in the history and culture of Madagascar, visiting the Royal Hill of Ambohimanga is a fascinating and enriching experience.

Located just outside Antananarivo, this sacred hill is a significant cultural landmark that holds great importance as the former royal capital of the Merina Kingdom.

Offering a fascinating glimpse into Malagasy history and culture, it features ancient royal palaces, tombs, and traditional houses that showcase the architectural and artistic heritage of the region.

Travelers can also wander through its peaceful gardens, marvel at panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, and learn about the customs and traditions of the Merina people. The site also includes a museum where artifacts and exhibits provide insights into the kingdom’s history and rulers.

5. Isalo National Park

Isalo National Park is a true gem you should try to visit. Nestled in the southwestern part of Madagascar, the park features stunning landscapes, unique rock formations, and diverse wildlife.

Visiting here allows you to explore its vast canyons, deep gorges, and picturesque oasis-like pools. The park’s iconic sandstone rock formations also create a dramatic backdrop for hiking trails that lead to breathtaking viewpoints and areas with hidden waterfalls.

The park also has incredible flora and fauna, including lemurs, chameleons, and several colorful bird species. You may even spot the rare Benson’s rock thrush or the graceful ring-tailed lemur.

As in many of the country’s national parks, guides are required. Tours can be arranged to last as short as several hours or as long as several days.

4. Ile Sainte Marie

Sometimes referred to as Nosy Boraha, Ile Sainte Marie, is a stunning tropical paradise on the northeastern coast.

An idyllic island, it offers a fabulous blend of stunning beaches, crystal-clear waters, and a rich maritime history for visitors to enjoy.

Perfect for those wanting a tranquil escape from the mainland, its pristine white sandy beaches and swaying palm trees provide an excellent relaxing backdrop.

The island is a popular snorkeling, diving, and whale-watching destination. It is also steeped in history, as it was a notorious pirate haven in the past.

Exploring the remnants of pirate cemeteries and fortifications adds a touch of adventure to your visit. While the charming villages, where you can experience traditional customs and sample delicious seafood cuisine, provide a fabulous insight into the local Malagasy culture.

3. Avenue of the Baobab

The Avenue of the Baobab, located near Morondava in western Madagascar, is a picturesque and iconic destination showcasing the country’s unique baobab trees.

This stunning stretch of road is lined with majestic baobabs, creating a magical and ethereal atmosphere as you traverse it.

Blessing tourists with a mesmerizing experience, it is especially noteworthy during sunrise or sunset when the warm light bathes the trees in a golden glow. At this time, make sure you have your cameras ready. The towering baobabs’ distinctive silhouettes make for incredible photo opportunities and an unforgettable sight.

The avenue is also a gathering place for locals, who sell local handicrafts and fresh fruits along the road. It provides another glimpse into the local culture and an opportunity to interact with the friendly Malagasy people.

2. Tsingy de Bemaraha Reserve

If you want to visit somewhere with a wow factor, head to the Tsingy de Bemaraha Reserve. Located in western Madagascar, it offers a once-in-a-lifetime journey into a world of geological wonders and ecological diversity.

What makes the reserve such an appealing destination to visit is its unique karst limestone formations. They create an otherworldly landscape of towering pinnacles, deep canyons, and intricate stone forests that must be seen to be believed.

If you visit the reserve, you can explore its rugged terrain through trails and suspension bridges. They enable you to admire the vast expanse of limestone needles, navigate narrow paths, and marvel at the spectacular scenery.

For those with a naturally adventurous spirit, there are exciting opportunities for rock climbing and caving within the reserve.

Nosy Be is the perfect destination for those wanting a tropical escape, combining natural beauty with warm hospitality and a relaxed island atmosphere.

Set just off the northwest coast of Madagascar, this tropical paradise possesses stunning beaches, sparkling turquoise waters, and lush forests.

Sunbathing, swimming and relaxing should be high on the agenda here. However, if you enjoy scuba diving and snorkeling, the surrounding coral reefs are home to a vibrant underwater world. You can expect to see colorful fish, sea turtles, and even dolphins.

The island is also renowned for its aromatic spices, particularly ylang-ylang and vanilla. Whilst there, you can visit several plantations to learn about the production processes and enjoy the delicious scents and flavors they produce.

Map of Things to do in Madagascar

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Reader interactions.

August 14, 2020 at 7:23 am

I’m not sure, but if that Royal Hill of Ambohimanga is the one in Antananarivo, then it got burned down/destroyed a couple of years back. I remember there being lots of blood everywhere because the people made lots of sacrifices in order to appease the ancestors due to the house of the king being destroyed. It still looks okay, but it definitely isn’t majestic anymore. Just normal ruins and a good place to play hide and seek.

May 2, 2016 at 6:21 am

Those are rather the mass tourism destinations of Madagascar. The big Island has much more to offer including some nature hotspots rarely visited. Madagascar has still to be explored

May 26, 2015 at 6:33 am

I’m planning my trip there, thanks for this list ! However it seems like a big country… two weeks will be too short to visit it.

April 29, 2015 at 9:21 am

I have never been, but Madagascar sounds like one of the best places to go! Thanks for a great description of the attractions. I am sure looking forward to go one day!! 🙂

March 9, 2015 at 8:53 pm

Thank you for spreading the beauty of Madagascar. I’m originally from Madagascar, but I have never visited any of these wonderful places.

August 29, 2013 at 9:10 am

Great list. Madagascar was one of my favourite countries. I haven’t been to all the parks you mentioned but I think though that Ankarana and Amber mountain up the north could have made it. I think Ankarana was my favourite out of the 7 or 8 I went to. It seemed to have everything but I suppose a lot of it depends on luck and weather as to what you see.

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Madagascar   Travel Guide

Courtesy of Pierre-Yves Babelon | Getty Images

10 Best Things To Do in Madagascar

Updated Feb. 12, 2021

Madagascar appeals to both animal lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. At national parks like Lokobe , Mantadia and Isalo , visitors can come face-to-face with creatures like lemurs, birds, chameleons and snakes, plus an array of trees and plants. Towering

• All Things To Do

Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve

Situated along Madagascar's west coast, Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve is home to impressive geological structures and a variety of endangered species. More than 328 miles of forests make up this UNESCO World Heritage site, where 11 kinds of lemurs, 17 types of reptiles, 6 bird species and more reside. But the standout here is the park's towering gray limestone pinnacles, which stand up to 328 feet tall.

Past visitors said Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve is a "must-see adventure" that's "definitely worth the drive." Although the locale can be a bit challenging to traverse – some former travelers reported crawling through tight gaps and lots of climbing – many described the views from the top of the pinnacles as "spectacular."

Avenue of the Baobabs Avenue of the Baobabs free

As its name suggests, the 853-foot-long Avenue of the Baobabs is a stretch of giant baobab trees believed to be up to 800 years old. Though the avenue is situated roughly 405 miles away from Antananarivo, it offers close proximity to Kirindy Mitea National Park, which sits along Madagascar's west coast.

According to recent travelers, the Avenue of the Baobabs is one of the country's best places to snap photos, especially at sunrise and sunset. But remember, these are the avenue's peak visiting hours, so arrive early. Visitors recommend paying for a guide's services, or you can opt for a multiday tour by local companies like Intrepid Travel and G Adventures . Itineraries vary by tour, but expect to spend at least an hour on-site. Tour fees start at $1,140 per person. If you're sticking to a tight budget, consider driving yourself or flying into Morondava Airport (which sits less than 10 miles away from the attraction) – accessible from Antananarivo's Ivato International Airport.

Mantadia National Park (Parc National Mantadia) Mantadia National Park (Parc National Mantadia)

One of Madagascar's most convenient parks to explore is Mantadia National Park. Located about 100 miles east of the capital city of Antananarivo, Mantadia National Park is home to 14 species of lemurs, plus 117 types of birds and 84 kinds of amphibians. Plant enthusiasts will also find plenty to admire here. More than 1,200 plant species grow in this lush park, 120 of which are orchids.

Past travelers enjoyed wandering along Mantadia National Park's five trails, adding that each path and stairway was well-maintained. What's more, several said this protected area is a must-see if you love lemurs and recommend hiring a local guide for a fee at the park's reception counter. Each local guide is an experienced spotter, meaning you'll increase your chances of seeing an array of animals.

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Lokobe National Park (Parc National Lokobe) Lokobe National Park (Parc National Lokobe)

If your idea of a Madagascar getaway consists of hiking through a tropical forest and observing lemurs in the wild, then you must visit Lokobe National Park. Situated on the southeastern tip of Nosy Be, an island off Madagascar's west coast that's known for its picturesque beaches and sunsets, Lokobe National Park is one of the Sambirano region's only remaining forests. The park can only be accessed by motorized, canoe-like boats called pirogues , adding to its tranquil, unspoiled atmosphere.

Although some recent visitors cautioned that getting to the park and exploring it can be quite exhausting, most raved about its beauty and wildlife. You'll have the chance to spot three lemur species here, as well as multiple kinds of amphibians and reptiles. Highlights for past travelers included watching boa constrictors slither in the trees, seeing chameleons blend in with their surroundings and feeding lemurs bananas. Since you'll be trekking through wild terrain, remember to wear comfortable sneakers, as well as long-sleeved clothing and bug spray to protect yourself from mosquitoes.

The Three Bays (Les Trois Baies) The Three Bays (Les Trois Baies) free

If you want to take in water vistas without trekking offshore to islands like Nosy Sakatia or Nosy Be, head to The Three Bays. Made up of three bays – Sakalava, Pigeon and Dune – this area features pristine beaches where activities like swimming, hiking, windsurfing and kitesurfing can be enjoyed. You'll also have ample opportunities to take jaw-dropping photos here.

Visitors rave about The Three Bays' beautiful setting, adding that the kitesurfing conditions at Sakalava Bay are superb. The area is also easy to reach by car since it's just 10 miles northeast of Antsiranana. For those who'd rather explore The Three Bays on a quad bike, Diego Raid offers four-wheel drive tours for $21 per person (or $120 per vehicle).

Anja Community Reserve Anja Community Reserve

Although Madagascar offers several places to spot lemurs, one of its more unique animal locales is Anja Community Reserve. Located about 41 miles southwest of Fianarantsoa along National Road No. 7, this environmental and cultural preservation site strives to protect local flora and fauna within an inhabited area. Ring-tailed lemurs, chameleons, snakes and more live here, and the reserve's surrounding granite mountains feature two hiking trails, various caves and a campsite with water, restrooms and a shower area.

Past travelers enjoyed checking out Anja Community Reserve on foot, saying they saw multiple lemurs during their visits. Many also raved about the easier Small Circuit Loop, which takes about two hours to complete. For a more challenging hike, consider trekking the six-hour-long Large Circuit Loop. If you decide to stay overnight, remember to bring camping equipment since it is not available at the campsite.

Isalo National Park (Parc National Isalo) Isalo National Park (Parc National Isalo)

Isalo National Park woos visitors with its vertical rock walls, lush vegetation and picturesque waterfalls. Throughout this tropical paradise, travelers can hunt for reptiles and primates – there are more than 50 species living here – while strolling along 10 walking, hiking and bike trails. Some paths even lead to natural swimming pools, where you can cool off while taking in your surroundings.

Previous visitors had mixed feelings about Isalo National Park. While some described it as Madagascar's best national park, others felt it was too expensive. But if you can pay the park's 65,000 Malagasy ariary ($20) entrance fee and roughly 4,000 to 113,000 Malagasy ariary (or $1 to $36) to explore one of its paths during a guided tour, past travelers said you'll be rewarded with "stunning" views of an "incredibly beautiful" area.

Tsingy Rouge Park Tsingy Rouge Park

Although this attraction in northern Madagascar is a bit removed from the main roads, Tsingy Rouge Park's dramatic landscape cannot be missed. Featuring tall clay-like rock formations created by landslides and mudslides, this area's red rocks are often compared to the larger ones found at Utah's Bryce Canyon National Park.

You'll need a four-wheel drive vehicle to get to this natural wonder, but recent travelers recommend making the trek. If you don't rent a car while in Madagascar, you can take one of several organized tours to the site; rates start at $168 per day, excluding lodging and meals. Tour operators that visit Tsingy Rouge Park include Soa Tours and Visit Mada Tours . Since the terrain is rough in this park, be sure to wear comfortable walking shoes.

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Full-day jungle trek on Nosy Komba (Lemur island) with the Black Lemur Sanctuary

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Nosy Sakatia Nosy Sakatia free

When you're in need of a break from Madagascar's parks and forests, head to the quaint island of Nosy Sakatia. This tropical oasis – which measures just 1 square mile – boasts an array of orchids but is best known for its water sports activities. Everything from sailing to fishing to snorkeling and diving is offered here, and you can even spend a night or two at one of the island's hotels .

Past visitors loved scuba diving and snorkeling in Nosy Sakatia's waters during half-day excursions. Many, in fact, saw sea turtles grazing in shallow areas. However, a few travelers were less than impressed with the island's beaches and desired more things to do on shore. If you do decide to visit Nosy Sakatia, consider booking a half- or full-day tour through companies like City Discovery and Les Baleines Rand'eau . Tour rates start at $50 per person and generally include snorkeling equipment rentals and lunch.

Lemurs' Park Lemurs' Park

Although you'll have ample opportunities to spot lemurs in national parks like Mantadia and Lokobe , for even more chances to see these furry creatures, travel 16 miles southwest of Antananarivo to Lemurs' Park. This private, 12-acre reserve houses nine lemur species, as well as various lizards and birds and 70-plus types of plants. In addition to welcoming tourists, the park works with other Malagasy reserves to rehabilitate and breed lemurs.

Travelers say Lemurs' Park is a great place to see lemurs without venturing far from Antananarivo. Though you won't be allowed to touch the lemurs, the property's animals move freely around the park, so one may try touching you. Many also rave about the attraction's well-maintained facilities and knowledgeable guides.

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12 Best Things to Do in Madagascar

Located several hundred miles off the coast of Mozambique , Madagascar is one of the most unique places on Earth. It is a land with many different faces—golden shores, lush mountains, jagged limestone karsts, and plunging, arid canyons. These eclectic habitats are home to an incredible variety of wildlife, 90 percent of which is found nowhere else on Earth. There is something for everyone in Madagascar , whether you’re looking to relax on untouched beaches or to escape off the grid into pristine rainforest. The country’s capital, Antananarivo, is a melting pot of history, diverse culture, and fine modern cuisine. 

Read on to discover the best things to do in Madagascar.

Look for Lemurs

Of all Madagascar’s weird and wonderful creatures, lemurs are without a doubt the most iconic. There are nearly 100 different species and sub-species of lemur on the island, all of which are endemic. These charismatic primates range in size from the tiny pygmy mouse lemur to the majestic, monochrome indri. The best way to spot Madagascar’s lemurs is to head to one of its many national parks . In particular, Andasibe-Mantadia National Park is known for its large indri population while Ranomafana National Park is home to 12 species, including the critically endangered golden bamboo lemur. While exploring the island’s parks, keep an eye out for other endemic species, including tenrecs, civets, and the cat-like fossa. 

Swim with Whale Sharks

There’s nothing quite like an encounter with the world’s largest fish . Those visiting Madagascar from September to December can do just that, off the northwestern island of Nosy Be . At this time, these behemoth fish gather to feed on blooming plankton and can easily be spotted from the surface. Despite their huge size (whale sharks reach an average length of around 9.5 meters (31 feet), they are naturally docile and pose no threat to humans . In season, operators like Baleines Rand’eau offer whale shark snorkeling trips with a 95 percent chance of success. While you’re out there searching for sharks, remember to look for Madagascar’s other marine life, including turtles, manta rays, and dolphins.

Marvel at Baobabs

Baobab trees are intrinsically woven into the fabric of African folklore. In the past, Indigenous people depended upon their products for survival, and as such, these strange trees are often called the “Tree of Life.” Today, they are remarkable for their vast size, with the largest species growing up to 14 meters (46 feet) in diameter. Madagascar is home to six types of endemic baobab. Although they can be seen all over the island, the most famous place for baobab-worshipping is the Avenue of the Baobabs. Located in the Menabe region of western Madagascar, the Avenue comprises some 25 trees strung out like sentries along the Morondava-Belon’i Tsiribihina dirt road. Many of the trees are more than 30 meters (100 feet) tall.

Explore Antananarivo

Founded by the king of the Merina people at the beginning of the 17th century, the Malagasy capital is steeped in history. Known locally as Tana, Antananarivo also served as the capital for French colonialists in the 19th and 20th centuries and remains the island’s center of political and economic power today. There is much to explore in Tana. For beautiful architecture, head to the old Haute-Ville area of the city. Get your cultural fix in the city’s art galleries and museums, or soak up the atmosphere while browsing the open-air produce stalls at Analakely Market. Tana is known for its culinary culture, whether you’re hoping to sample street-food delicacies or experience fine French dining in restaurants that compete on an international level. 

Sign Up for Scuba Diving

Whether you’re an experienced diver or a beginner hoping to take the plunge for the first time , there are plenty of incredible scuba diving opportunities in Madagascar. With approximately 4,800 kilometers (3,000 miles) of coastline, you’re never far from the ocean. In the southwestern part of Madagascar, you'll find the world’s third largest coral reef system: the Tuléar reef. It provides a habitat for more than 6,000 marine species, many of which are unique to Madagascar. The island of Nosy Be is perhaps the most famous destination for divers, while charter boats in the north can be hired as dedicated diving liveaboards. Conditions are ideal, with good visibility year-round and balmy water temperatures. Bucket-list animals include whales, dolphins, sharks, and manta rays.

Sample Local Cuisine

Wherever your adventures take you, make sure to sample the local cuisine. Traditional Malagasy dishes usually consist of either meat or seafood served with vegetables and rice. Spices are used sparingly, but the food is nevertheless flavorful. Try koba, a popular street food consisting of banana, peanut, and rice paste wrapped in a banana leaf casing. Romazava is the traditional beef stew, while kabaro (curried lima beans and coconut) is popular in the Morondava region. On the coast, fresh seafood dominates the menu. Wash your meal down with the local Three Horses Beer (THB) or with ranonapango (sometimes called ranovola). The latter is made from burnt rice water and may be an acquired taste. 

Visit the Stone Forests

Günter Lenz / Getty Images

Madagascar is full of extraordinary scenery, but perhaps the most striking of all its alien landscapes are the limestone karsts of northwestern  Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park . Approximately 200 million years ago, the limestone seabed was pushed upwards, creating a vast plateau. Over time, the plateau was eroded, eventually becoming a dense “forest” of jagged limestone needles interspersed with canyons, waterfalls, and an almost impenetrable forest. In addition to its prehistoric badlands scenery, Tsingy offers the opportunity to look for 11 different lemur species, some of which are only found in this specific area. There are also endemic reptiles, birds, and a plethora of utterly unique botanical species.

Spot Endemic Birds

There are approximately 280 bird species in Madagascar. Although this isn't a particularly high figure for the fourth-largest island in the world, a high level of endemism confirms its status as a prime birding destination. More than 100 species are Madagascar exclusives, and there are three main regions for those in search of endemic birds: the eastern rainforest, the southern spiny bush, and the deciduous forests in the west. If you have limited time, try Ranomafana National Park , home of rarities like the short-legged ground roller and the yellow-bellied sunbird-asity. The best time for birding is in late spring or early summer (August to December), when birds are at their most active and are dressed in their finest breeding plumage. 

Discover Pristine Beaches

White sand, abundant palms, and azure waters make Madagascar one of the most beautiful island destinations in the Indian Ocean . Some of the country’s best stretches of sand are found on outlying islands in the northwest. Tiny Tsarabanjina, for example, evokes Robinson Crusoe with its deserted sandy coves and crystalline seas. The island is only accessible by boat and offers luxury accommodations in the form of private beach bungalows. The beaches of nearby Nosy Iranja are frequented by nesting turtles, while on the east coast, Île aux Nattes is a tropical paradise with several options for accommodation and activities. On the mainland, the beaches around Anakao in the south offer reliable swells for surfing and kite surfing.

Go Whale Watching

Those heading to Madagascar between July and September should make their way to the northeastern island of Île Sainte-Marie to witness the annual humpback whale migration. Also known as Nosy Boraha, this idyllic island plays host to hundreds of humpbacks, all of whom have traveled thousands of miles from the nutrient-rich waters of the Southern Ocean. Their sojourn to the warm waters of the Indian Ocean is something of a wintertime vacation—a time to come together, mate, and give birth before returning to Antarctica . Humpback whales are the most acrobatic of all whale species, and if you join an Île Sainte-Marie whale-watching tour , you’re likely to see them breaching, spy-hopping, and slapping their giant pectorals.

Get Lost in Isalo National Park

Isalo National Park, which protects more than 190,000 acres of land, is a nature lover's paradise. Here, you will find thick forests of pandanus trees, natural swimming holes, and dramatic geologic formations such as plateaus, gorges, canyons, and pinnacles. For wildlife, you're in for a treat: Within the park, you can spot some 14 species of lemurs, over 80 different types of birds, and reptiles and amphibians like the Malagasy rainbow frog and the Madagascar boa. Visitors to the park mainly come here to hike, with the Piscine Naturelle Trail being one of the more popular trails. Be aware that you will need to hire a local guide to explore the park, either through an organized Madagascar tour or at the park office in Ranohira.

Spot Wildlife in Lokobe Nature Special Reserve

Located in Nosy Be, Lokobe Nature Special Reserve is the island's last remaining lowland rainforest, and a must-see if you're in Madagascar to see wildlife. Among the island's residents, you'll find nocturnal mouse lemurs, Madagascar long-eared owls, leaf-tailed geckos, and Nosy Be panther chameleons. Do be on the lookout for the endangered black lemur, which is a bit of a misnomer, considering that the females are rust-colored and have white tufts of hair on their heads. Getting here will require you to row a pirogue, a traditional dugout canoe, to shore; we recommend booking a group tour for ease of planning a trip here.

Madagascar is perhaps best-known for its lemurs—of which nearly 100 different species and sub-species live on the island—and for its massive baobab trees. The island is also home to the Tuléar reef, the world's third-largest coral reef system, making Madagascar one of the top scuba diving destinations in Africa.

It depends on which part of the country you're planning to visit. For those interested in exploring the east coast (Île Sainte-Marie and Andasibe-Mantadia National Park), July through September is when this mostly rainy, humid region is at its driest and coolest. On the northwest coast (Nosy Be), June through September offers excellent scuba diving, while October through December promises great whale shark-spotting. In the Central Highlands (Antananarivo and Ranomafana National Park), travelers will find pleasant temps and smaller crowds than in the busy tourist season.

The two official languages of Madagascar are Malagasy and French, though the former is more widely spoken as it's a first language for most locals.

World Wide Fund for Nature. "Madagascar's Major Reefs Among Most at Risk From Climate Change." December 4, 2009.

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