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The Best Travel Wallets and UK Rail Services – How Do l Claim For My Delayed Train? Reading Answers

Janice Thompson

Updated On Feb 02, 2023

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The Best Travel Wallets and UK Rail Services – How Do l Claim For My Delayed Train? Reading Answers

Recent IELTS Reading Test with Answers - Free PDF

The Best Travel Wallets & UK Rail Services – How Do l Claim For My Delayed Train? is a real IELTS Reading test passage from past papers.

Take the test now and check The Best Travel Wallets & UK Rail Services – How Do l Claim For My Delayed Train?  reading answers below.

With diligent practice, the Reading Module can be the top-scoring category for IELTS Aspirants. To score well, you must understand how to approach and answer the different question types in the Reading Module.

By solving and reviewing Sample Reading Questions from past IELTS papers, you can ensure that your Reading skills are up to the mark.

You can also try more IELTS reading practice tests .

Not sure how to answer Matching Information questions? Check out the complete guide on How To Answer Matching Information Questions ?

The question types found in this passage are: 

Matching Information  

The Matching information type of questions are very common, which requires the test-taker to match the sentences given with the information contained in different paragraph of reading test. A test-taker must possess an excellent paraphrasing skill to match the information easily. The answers for this type of questions do not come in order. 

True/False/Not Given 

The True/False/Not Given type of questions are prevalent in the academic and general reading test of IELTS. These types of questions are required to write True, If the statement matches the information in the passage; write False, If the statement contradicts the information in the passage and Not Given, If the information asked in the statement is not found in the passage. The test-takers can identify the keyword in the statement, locate the same word in the text, and evaluate if the word is same or is paraphrased and decide whether it is True or False or Not Given. 

The Best Travel Wallets & UK Rail Services – How Do l Claim For My Delayed Train?

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the Reading Passage below.

Find the practice test with  The Best Travel Wallets & UK Rail Services PDF here.

1 Answer: D

Question type: Matching Information 

Answer locations: Paragraph D 

Answer explanations: The initial lines of paragraph D state that “Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet’, it is mentioned this wallet comes in smooth black leather .” Since leather is a natural material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins, it perfectly suits people who prefer natural materials. Hence, the correct answer is ‘D’.  

2 Answer: B 

Answer locations: Paragraph B, first line 

Answer explanations: The first line of paragraph B mentions that “ this is a waterproof wallet .” As the wallet is a waterproof wallet, it will not get affected by water. As a result, these wallet users do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain. Hence, the correct answer is ‘B.’  

3 Answer: C

Answer locations: Paragraph C

Answer explanations: In paragraph C, ‘Cath Kidston Breton Stripe’, it conveys that “The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them.” The aforementioned line states that there is ‘ silver lettering on all of them ’, which means that the wallets compartments are printed in one colour. Hence, the correct answer is ‘C’. 

4 Answer: F

Answer locations: Paragraph F 

Answer explanations: In Paragraph F ‘Gotravel Organiser’ , it is written that “ It can fit at least four passports ” As a result, making it ideal for people who need to keep several passports together. Hence, the correct answer is ‘F’.  

5 Answer: D 

Answer explanations: According to Paragraph D ‘ Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet ’, “ A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside ” A pen is provided along with a wallet for writing. Hence, the correct answer is ‘D’.  

6 Answer: G 

Answer locations: Paragraph G 

Answer explanations: Paragraph G ‘Go travel Glo Travel Wallet’ mentions that “It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot.” We can deduce that the documents can be easily located from the word ‘easy to spot’. Therefore, making it suitable for people who want to find their wallets easily in their luggage. Hence, the correct answer is ‘G’. 

7 Answer: E

Answer locations: Paragraph E 

Answer explanations: As per Paragraph E lines, “This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours.” Also, “It comes in a handy drawstring bag .” Therefore, it has a drawstring bag that holds the wallet. Hence, the correct answer is ‘E’.  

8 Answer: B 

Answer locations: Paragraph B 

Answer explanations: In Paragraph B, there’s a line which states that “this is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe.” From the above-mentioned lines, we can infer that anti-RFID is a technology that keeps the documents safe, which means this wallet is specially made to prevent people from detecting the numbers on any bank card, etc., inside it. Hence, the correct answer is ‘B’. 

9 Answer: True

Question type: True/False/Not Given 

Answer locations: Paragraph A 

Answer explanations: The beginning lines of Paragraph A conveys that generally, “if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules ” From the line as mentioned earlier, we can deduce that you can claim the compensation, but it will differ from company to company, which means the system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another. As the statement agrees with the information, the correct answer is ‘TRUE’.   

10 Answer: False 

Answer locations: Paragraph B

Answer explanations: In Paragraph B, there’s a line that mentions “that delay repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay.” Since the term ‘train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay’ clearly negates the statement.  As the statement contradicts the information, the correct answer is ‘FALSE’.

11 Answer: False 

Answer explanations: Paragraph B mentions that “The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 per cent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 per cent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minutes delays.” In other words, train companies repay the amount but do not give the same amount of money as compensation. As the statement contradicts the information, the correct answer is ‘FALSE.’

12 Answer: Not Given 

Answer explanations: As per Paragraph B, the delay repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. However, it does not explicitly mention that an increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for. Hence, the correct answer is ‘NOT GIVEN’.

13 Answer: True 

Answer explanations: As per Paragraph C, “companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control . Moreover, you are unlikely to get compensation for the strike action .” Therefore, if the company uses an older scheme, it will not usually pay for strike action. As the statement agrees with the information, hence the correct answer is ‘TRUE’.

14 Answer: True

Answer explanations: “National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket,” says a line in paragraph D. Some railway companies continue to pay using rail vouchers, which they are permitted to do provided you do not request a cash refund.” As a result, the phrase “ Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund ” answers the questions directly. As the statement agrees with the information, hence the correct answer is ‘TRUE’. 

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Janice Thompson

Janice Thompson

Soon after graduating with a Master’s in Literature from Southern Arkansas University, she joined an institute as an English language trainer. She has had innumerous student interactions and has produced a couple of research papers on English language teaching. She soon found that non-native speakers struggled to meet the English language requirements set by foreign universities. It was when she decided to jump ship into IELTS training. From then on, she has been mentoring IELTS aspirants. She joined IELTSMaterial about a year ago, and her contributions have been exceptional. Her essay ideas and vocabulary have taken many students to a band 9.

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The best travel wallets reading answers

Ielts general training reading practice test 4 cambridge 14.

This is an authentic IELTS Reading Practice Test taken from Cambridge 14 Reading test 4 for general training Practice book. This page contains the complete test 4 from Cambridge 14 for General Training that is EXACTLY like the real exam. You should take IELTS Academic Reading Test If you are preparing for IELTS Academic exam. Find the best travel wallets reading answers at the end of the test.

SECTION 1 PASSAGE IELTS GT READING

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8 .

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A . Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder

This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B . Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet

This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket, It can fit two passports.

C . Cath Kidston Breton Stripe

A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them. The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D . Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet

This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E . Radley Abbey Travel Wallet

This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’, ‘passport’ and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F . Gotravel Organiser

The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments, it can fit at least four passports.

G . Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. And it has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Questions 1-8

Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets, A-G .

For which travel wallet are the following statements true ?

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

  • This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials.
  • Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain.
  • Parts of the inside of this wallet have categories printed on them in one colour.
  • This wallet would suit someone who needs to keep several passports together.
  • Something is provided for writing.
  • This will suit people who want to be able to find their document wallet easily in their luggage.
  • Something to keep this wallet in is provided.
  • This wallet has been specially made to prevent people detecting the numbers on any bank cards, etc. inside it.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14 .

UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train ?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out.

You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

  • Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally
  • Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company
  • Line closures at the request of the emergency services
  • Exceptionally severe weather conditions
  • Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 9-14

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?

In boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet, write

  • TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
  • FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
  • NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
  • The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another.
  • Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay.
  • Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation.
  • An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for.
  • It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike.
  • Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

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SECTION 2 PASSAGE IELTS GT READING

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-19 .

Vacancy for food preparation assistant

Durrant House pic runs restaurants and cafes as concessions in airports, train stations and other busy environments around the country. We currently have a vacancy for a food preparation assistant in our restaurant at Locksley Stadium, serving football fans and concert-goers before, during and after events. In addition, we cater for private parties several times a week. If you have relevant experience and a passion for preparing food to a very high standard, we’ll be delighted to hear from you. You must be able to multitask and to work in a fast-paced environment. It goes without saying that working as an effective and supportive member of a team is essential so you need to be happy in this type of work.

The role includes the usual responsibilities, such as treating hygiene as your number one priority, cleaning work areas, and doing whatever is required to provide food of excellent quality. The person appointed will carry out a range of tasks, including ensuring all raw food items are fresh, preparing vegetables to be cooked, making sure frozen food products are used in rotation, and throwing away any food products that are near or have passed their expiry date. He or she will be required to familiarise themselves with the storage system, so as to put food product supplies in the proper place and retrieve them in the right order.

In particular; we are looking for someone with skill at baking, to play a large role in the production of pies and cakes.

Given the nature of the venue, working hours vary from week to week, depending on the events being held, and will often involve starting early in the morning or finishing late at night. You can expect to work an average of around 18 hours a week, although this cannot be guaranteed. You will also have the opportunity to work in another of our sites for one or two days a week, or for longer periods, and will be paid for ten days of holidays a year, Training will be provided in food safety.

If this sounds like the job for you, please contact Jo Simmons at [email protected].

Questions 15-19

Complete the notes below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 15-1 9 on your answer sheet,

Vacancy for food preparation assistant Location of restaurant: in a 15 ………………

Requirements:

  • relevant experience
  • ability to multitask
  • must enjoy working in a 16 ………………..

Responsibilities include:

  • maintaining high standards of 17 ……………….
  • checking the freshness of raw food
  • ensuring no food is used after its expiry date
  • learning the procedure for the 18 ………………….
  • doing a considerable amount of the baking

Conditions:

  • working hours are not 19 ………………..
  • payment is made for holidays

Read the text below and answer Questions 20-27

Setting up a business partnership in the UK

Two or more people can go into business together by setting up either a limited company or a partnership. A partnership is the easier way to get started, and simply links two or more people together in a simple business structure. Unlike a limited company, a partnership doesn’t have a separate legal status. The partners are usually self-employed individuals, although a limited company counts as a ‘legal person’ and can also be a partner.

In a partnership, you and your partner or partners personally share responsibility for your business. This means, among other things, that if your business cannot afford to pay its debts, you must pay them yourselves. Again, this is not the case with a limited company. Partners share the business’s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

When you set up a business partnership you need to choose a name. You can trade under your own names, for example, ‘Smith and Jones’, or you can choose another name for your business. You don’t need to register your name.

However, you should register your name as a trademark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

Business partnership names must not include ‘limited’, ‘Ltd’, ‘limited liability partnership’, ‘LLP’, ‘public limited company’ or ‘pic’, be offensive, or be the same as an existing trademark. Your name also can’t suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission. There is no central database of partnership names in the UK, so to avoid using the same name as another business, it is advisable to search on the internet for the name you are considering.

You must include all the partners’ names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices. You must choose a ‘nominated partner’ who is responsible for registering your partnership with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), the government department responsible for the collection of taxes. This person is responsible for managing the partnership’s tax returns and keeping business records. Alternatively, you can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

All partners need to register with HMRC separately and send their own tax returns as individuals. And you must register by 5 October in your business’s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty. You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than £85,000. You can choose to register if it’s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

Questions 20-27

Complete the sentences below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 20-27 on your answer sheet.

  • A partnership is different from a limited company in not having its own ……………… as a legal body.
  • The partners are personally responsible for paying all the partnership’s …………………. .
  • The partnership’s ……………………. are divided between the partners.
  • Registering the partnership’s name prevents others from using that name when …………………. .
  • The best way to find out if a name is already in use is to use the …………………… .
  • The names of the partners and the partnership must appear on ……………… and other documents.
  • You must have a nominated partner, or someone to act as your ……………. for all contact with HIVIRC.
  • You will have to pay a ………………… if you miss the deadline for registering the partnership.

SECTION 3 PASSAGE IELTS GT READING

Read the text below and answer Questions 28-40 .

THE ROLE OF THE SWISS POSTBUS

The Swiss PostBus Limited is the largest of the country’s 78 coach companies. Administered by the Motor Services Department of the Post Office, it carries over 120 million passengers each year and is carefully integrated with other public transport services: trains, boats and mountain cableways. The Swiss transportation system resembles a tree, with the larger branches representing federal and private railways, the smaller branches being the coaches, and the twigs being the urban transit operators running trams, city buses, boats, chairlifts and so on. But the trunk that holds the tree together is the vast postbus network, without which the whole network would not function.

There isn’t an inhabited place in Switzerland that cannot be reached by some sort of public transport. Federal law and the Swiss Constitution stipulate that every village with a population greater than 40 is entitled to regular bus services. The frequency of these services is directly related to population density. Timetables are put together four years in advance, and seldom change.

If a new route is to be introduced, the population of the area affected is invited to vote in a referendum.

At times, postbuses are the main — sometimes the only — links between settlements. These coaches, often with a trailer in tow to increase their capacity, are a common sight in high-altitude regions, and their signature sound — part of Rossini’s William Tell Overturn, played by the drivers on three-tone post horns with electrical compressors at every road turn — is one of the most familiar Swiss sounds.

The three-tone horns can still be used to ‘talk’ to post offices (and each other) from a distance. By altering the combination of the tones, a driver can announce ‘departure of post1, ‘arrival of post’, ‘arrival of special post’, and so on – so much more romantic and often more reliable than radio or mobile phones. This musical ‘language’ started in the mid-nineteenth century, when the coach drivers could also blow their horns a certain number of times on approaching the station to indicate the number of horses needing to be fed, giving the stationmaster time to prepare the fodder.

The postbus history goes back to 1849, when the Swiss postal service was made a monopoly. The role of today’s modern yellow buses was, back then, played by horse-drawn carriages (or in winter by sleighs, in order to travel on snow), which were the same colour.

By 1914, eight years after the first motor coaches were introduced, there were still 2,500 horses, 2,231 coaches (or carriages) and 1,059 sleighs in service.

After the First World War, Swiss Post bought a fleet of decommissioned military trucks which were converted into postbuses, but it was not until 1961 that the last horse-drawn coach was replaced with a motorised version.

Today, the Swiss Post Office boasts one of the worlds most advanced coach fleets, including fuel-cell models and the world’s first driverless bus. This was launched in 2015 in the town of Sion, the capital of the canton of Valais, one of the 26 cantons, or administrative regions, that make up the country.

Postbuses often go to places that other means of transport cannot reach. Most of the drivers therefore see themselves as educators and tour guides. Although it’s not in their job description, they’re likely to point out the sights — waterfalls, gorges, and so on — and are always ready to pull over for a photo opportunity.

Switzerland’s longest postbus journey, and one of the highest, crosses four mountain passes – an eight-hour trip undertaken by a single postbus. The route goes through several cantons; two languages (German and Italian); all four seasons – from burning sunshine to showers and heavy snowfalls; and countless places of interest, One of the passes, the Gotthard, is often described as ‘the People’s Road’, probably because it connects the German-speaking canton of Uri with Italian-speaking Ticino.

Like Switzerland itself, postbuses ‘speak’ all four state languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh – and by law, their automated intercom announcements are given in the language of whichever canton the bus is currently passing through.

Irrespective of their previous driving experience, drivers undergo lots of training. During the first year, they have, to drive postbuses under the supervision of a more experienced driver. Only after two years of safe driving in the valleys can they be pronounced ready for a mountain bus.

Some routes are not at all busy, with the bus often carrying just two or three passengers at a time. But for most people living in small mountain villages, the postbus is of the utmost importance. It not only carries the villagers to town and back, it takes village children to and from school, delivers mail, transports milk from the village farms down to the valley, collects rubbish from the village (Swiss laws do not allow dumping anywhere in the mountains), and brings building materials to households. It takes elderly villagers to shops and carries their shopping up the hill to their homes. More a friend than just a means of transportation, for the dwellers of mountain villages the postbus is an essential part of life.

Questions 28-32

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D . Write the correct letter in boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet.

28 . When comparing the Swiss transportation system to a tree, the writer emphasises

  • the size of the postbus system.
  • how competitive the postbus system is.
  • how important the postbus system is.
  • the threat to the postbus system.

29 . What is said about bus services in the second paragraph?

  • Villages have the chance to request more buses every four years.
  • New routes are often introduced to reflect an increase in population.
  • Bus timetables tend to change every four years.
  • The number of buses that call at a village depends on how many people live there,

30 . According to the fourth paragraph, what were three-tone horns first used to indicate?

  • how many coach horses required food
  • how long the bus would stay at the station
  • how many passengers wanted a meal
  • how soon the bus would arrive at the station

31 . What point does the writer make about the postbus drivers?

  • Many choose to give passengers information about the surroundings.
  • Most are proud of driving buses to places without other forms of transport.
  • They are required to inform passengers about the sights seen from the bus.
  • They are not allowed to stop for passengers to take photographs.

32 . What is said about the buses’ automated announcements?

  • They are given in the language of the bus’s starting point.
  • The language they are given in depends on where the bus is at the time.
  • They are always given in all the four languages of Switzerland.
  • The language they are given in depends on the bus’s destination.

Questions 33-40

In boxes 33-40 on your answer sheet, write

  • Some postbuses after the First World War were originally army vehicles.
  • The number of driverless buses has increased steadily since 2015.
  • On the longest postbus route in Switzerland, passengers have to change buses.
  • The weather on the longest postbus route is likely to include extreme weather conditions.
  • There is a widely used nickname for part of the longest route used by postbuses.
  • Bus drivers’ training can be shortened if they have driven buses before joining Postbus.
  • In some villages most passengers are school children.
  • Buses carry only rubbish that can be recycled.

Cambridge IELTS General Training 14 Reading Test 4 Answers

Vacancy for food preparation assistant reading answers.

General IELTS Reading Score Chart :

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This page offers Cambridge IELTS General Training 14 Reading Test 4, the best travel wallets reading answers, vacancy for food preparation assistant reading answers and the role of the swiss postbus reading answer. You may Download IELTS reading pdf for the IELTS test preparation for free.

Disclaimer : IELTS is jointly owned by three organizations: the British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia, and Cambridge Assessment English. These organizations work together to develop and administer the test worldwide. Enjoy Cambridge IELTS Practice Tests and Books 1-18 with free lessons and the best travel wallets reading answers IELTS Reading General Training Practice Test. Book your IELTS Test on the official website of British Council or IDP or AEO . Once you have booked your IELTS Test with British Council, you will receive free access to last minute IELTS preparation course and free access to premium IELTS ready course. It includes 40 practice tests for IELTS Reading, writing, speaking, and listening.

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READING PASSAGE 1

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8.

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder

This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B Life venture Mini Travel Document Wallet

This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket. It can fit two passports.

C Cath Kidston Breton Stripe

A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them.The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet

This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E Radley Abbey Travel Wallet

This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’,’passport ‘and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F Gotravel Organiser

The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments. It can fit at least four passports.

G Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.

UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train?

 G enerally, if you have been delayed on a train journey,you may be able to claim compensation,but train companies   all have different rules,so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to.The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous,older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late,and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay.The scheme varies between companies,but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour.On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control.But it is still worth asking them for compensation,as some may pay out.You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally

Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company

Line closures at the request of the emergency services

Exceptionally severe weather conditions

Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket.Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers,which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016,rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation  through the Consumer Rights Act.This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to:a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available;a consistently late running service;and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes,for instance Delay Repay,and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action,passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 1-143

Questions 1-8

Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets, A-G. For which travel wallet are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

Q1: This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials.

A. Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder

B. Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet

C. Cath Kidston Breton Stripe

D. Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet

E. Radley Abbey Travel Wallet

F. Gotravel Organiser

G. Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

Q2: Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain.

Q3: Parts of the inside of this wallet have categories printed on them in one colour.

Q4: This wallet would suit someone who needs to keep several passports together.

Q5: Something is provided for writing.

 Q6: This will suit people who want to be able to find their document wallet easily in their luggage.

 Q7: Something to keep this wallet in is provided.

 Q8: This wallet has been specially made to prevent people detecting the numbers on any bank cards, etc. inside it.

Questions 9-14

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text ? In boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE  if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE  if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN  if there is no information on this

Q9: The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another.

Q10: Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay.

Q11: Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation.

Q12: An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for

Q13: It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike.

Q14: Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

IELTS-G 14 Test 4 Reading and Listening

Ielts-g 14 reading test 4 section 1 questions 1-8.

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8.

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder

This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet

This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket. It can fit two passports.

C Cath Kidston Breton Stripe

A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them.The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet

This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E Radley Abbey Travel Wallet

This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’,’passport ‘and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F Gotravel Organiser

The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments. It can fit at least four passports.

G Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

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1 . Question

Questions 1-8

Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets, A-G . For which travel wallet are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

Q1: This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials.

  • A. Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder
  • B. Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet
  • C. Cath Kidston Breton Stripe
  • D. Ted Baker Voyager's Travel Wallet
  • E. Radley Abbey Travel Wallet
  • F. Gotravel Organiser
  • G. Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

2 . Question

Q2: Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain.

3 . Question

Q3: Parts of the inside of this wallet have categories printed on them in one colour.

4 . Question

Q4: This wallet would suit someone who needs to keep several passports together.

5 . Question

Q5: Something is provided for writing.

6 . Question

Q6: This will suit people who want to be able to find their document wallet easily in their luggage.

7 . Question

Q7: Something to keep this wallet in is provided.

8 . Question

Q8: This wallet has been specially made to prevent people detecting the numbers on any bank cards, etc. inside it.

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Home » Gear » best travel wallets

Best Travel Wallets to Match Your Style in 2024

You might well be thinking ‘do I really need a travel wallet?’ Isn’t my everyday wallet good enough? And here’s our answer: yes, and, no, in that order. How’s that then? Why should you get a dedicated travel wallet? And why isn’t what you use every day good enough when you’re traveling?

For one thing, being on the road requires supreme organization – there are different currencies, passports, insurance details, and a whole lot more than normal to keep hold of.

But don’t worry! We’ve got you covered, with the best travel wallets on offer reviewed and examined in the greatest of detail.

Quick Answer: The Best Travel Wallets

Overall best travel wallet, best tri fold wallet, best minimal travel wallet, best rfid-blocking security travel wallet, best travel wallet with a passport holder, best travel wallet for europe, best travel wallet for women, best travel wallet for men, best travel wallet belt, best of the rest, how to choose the best travel wallet, faq about the best travel wallets, happy holidays.

  • Overall Best Travel Wallet – Pacsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet
  • Best Minimal Travel Wallet – Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet
  • Best Thin Travel Wallet – Big Skinny Slimline bifold wallet
  • Best Leather Travel Wallet – Harber London RFID Travel Wallet
  • Best RFID-Blocking Security Travel Wallet – Pacsafe RFIDsafe Bi-Fold Wallet
  • Best Travel Wallet for Europe – Zoppen Multi-purpose RFID blocking travel wallet
  • Best Travel Wallet for Women – Lilly Pulitzer Travel Wallet
  • Best Travel Wallet with a Passport Holder – VULKIT Passport Holder Wallet
  • Best Travel Wallet for Men – Visconti Leather Travel Organiser Wallet

Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet

Pacsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet

  • Price > $36.95
  • > RFIDsafe blocking material
  • > Not too bulky

Big Skinny Slimline bifold wallet

Big Skinny Tri Fold Wallet

  • Price > $35.95
  • > Full-length banknote section
  • > RDIF-blocking tech

Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet

Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet

  • Price > $19.99
  • > As minimal as they come!
  • > Great price point

best travel wallets reading answers

Harber London RFID Travel Wallet

  • Price > $103
  • > Several organisation pockets
  • > Main zip closure for security

best travel wallets reading answers

Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet

  • > Full RFID-protection
  • > Water resistant

best travel wallets reading answers

VULKIT Passport Holder Wallet

  • Price > $23.99
  • > Fun designs
  • > Big enough for a passport and smart phone

Zoppen Multi-purpose RFID blocking travel wallet

Zoppen Multi-purpose RFID blocking travel wallet

  • Price > $14.99
  • > Eco and ethical
  • > RFID-blocking

Lilly Pulitzer Travel Wallet

  • > High capacity
  • > Detachable hand strap

Visconti Leather Travel Organiser Wallet

Visconti Leather Travel Organiser Wallet

  • > Good number of pockets

money belt for men travel security belt

Security Belt

  • Price > $25.37
  • > Combined belt and money pouch
  • > Very discreet

Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet

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When it comes to organizing the most important personal items, you need a wallet that is practical, functional and keeps your s*** safe. The Pacsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet is just the unit to do that. Along with using a portable travel safe , its a great way to keep your stuff safe.

The Pacsafe V50 is tough , and provides enough in the way of of security and organizational features to keep your money and cards easily accessible to you and away from the hands of potential thieves. A wallet is one of those things you don’t think about too much – but for backpackers a fine balance of practical and secure is what we are after – and I think Pacsafe achieved both of those things here.

Need more ideas? Check out the best travel organisers out there.

  • RFIDsafe blocking material
  • Well priced
  • Wrist strap included
  • Not too bulky
  • No space for a passport
  • Coin pocket is a bit small
  • Doesn’t automatically refill with money after a night at the bar

Is the Pacsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet for me?

If you’re looking for a slimlined minimalist wallet that’s going to provide a place for your cards (5), cash, and ID while traveling without being over bulky and immediately obvious to those pickpockets out there, then the Pacsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet is undoubtedly the overall best travel wallet for you, with card and cash space without the drama!

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Big Skinny Trifold Wallet

Big Skinny Slimline bifold wallet

This traditionally styled slimline tri-ifold wallet by Big Skinny is equally balanced and incredibly lightweight for what it is, meaning no awkward moments with one side flapping about as you try and retrieve something from the second. There’s a full-length section for bank notes, pockets for up to 4 credit cards (do you need more when traveling? It’s unlikely!), a clear fronted pocket for an ID card or driving license, and an additional two hidden pockets. What’s more, its pockets are lined with RFID-blocking technology, so you have no need to worry about your electronic data getting scanned and stolen!

  • Equally balanced sides
  • Full-length banknote section
  • RDIF-blocking tech
  • Hidden pockets
  • Just 4 credit card pockets
  • Imported for UK customers
  • Designed for US banknotes
  • Not fully waterproof

Is the Big Skinny Tri Fold Wallet for me?

Like an everyday wallet in slimline form, the Big Skinny Slimline Bifold Wallet manages to provide a full-length banknote section and place for credit cards, so if you’re looking for a travel-friendly version of your main wallet, we say go for the Big Skinny!

Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet

Update : We no longer recommend this product. As of November 2020, many Nomatic customers have experienced problems with their orders and zero customer support – therefore we do NOT recommend you buy products with Nomatic. Instead, go with one of our other top picks above.

Has someone made a mistake here? Haven’t we already reviewed the Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet as our overall best travel wallet? Well, yes we have! But this wallet is so perfect we just had to bring it up again! There’s simply no arguing with its minimalist tendencies, its lovingly small overall size, or its weight of just a few grams. Then there’s the fact it can hold a whopping 15 cards should you be traveling like Jeff Bezos, with a tab that makes it super easy to grab the top four you use most often. And there’s still that little pocket for cash or keys too!

Looking for more info? We wrote a more detailed post on the Nomatic Wallet for your reading pleasure!

  • As minimal as they come!
  • Great price point
  • Easy access tab for most used cards
  • Small change/key pocket
  • Not large enough to hold a passport
  • Just four color choices
  • No RFID-blocking pocket
  • Too small for some users?

Is the Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet for me?

We can’t quite believe how much can be stored in such a small size with the Nomatic Slim Minimalist Wallet! So for anyone looking for a travel wallet that’s going to keep their valuables safe and in one place without the need for a daypack for oversized pocket, we’ll just shift the Nomatic in your direction!

Best Leather Travel Wallet

Harber london rfid travel walle t.

best travel wallets reading answers

For those of you who want a high end, stylish, cool as f**k leather wallet then come and meet Harber London. This lush leather RFID protected wallet is exactly what James Bond would carry if he ever bothered to pay for anything. So, there are enough credit card slots for more cards then it’s likely you’ll need when traveling, sections for keeping those freshly-minted banknotes crisp, and a further zipped pocket which you can either use for coins, keys, or other small valuable items.

Minimal yet spacious, this wallet will last you for many a year.

  • Several organization pockets
  • Internal zip close pocket
  • RFID Protected
  • Leather is not an ethical choice for some people

Is the Wildman Travel Document Wallet for me?

Add a touch of class to your business trips or family vacations with the Wildman Travel Document Wallet! Not only does it have a classically styled look about it, but an unbelievable amount of space for all those items you need when traveling – including space for your passport!

best travel wallets reading answers

Unzip the Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet and it falls open like a book, which is great for being able to rapidly spot what you’re looking for. It is fully RFID-protected, meaning data thieves are unable to scan your credit card of ID details without your knowledge, but also means you don’t have to worry about the exact placement of your most at-danger valuables. Just slip them anywhere inside the wallet! Also included are card pockets, one with a clear window for your ID, banknote sleeves, and an additional two stash pockets. To round things off, this wallet-cum-lifesaving organiser also comes with a slash-proof wrist strap.

  • Full RFID-protection
  • Banknote sleeves
  • Change pockets
  • Slash resistant
  • Larger style travel wallet
  • Four credit card slots
  • Just one colour available

Is the Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet for me?

For anyone who wants a larger travel wallet to keep everything organised and in one place the Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet is the answer. With full RFID protection, there’s space for cards, banknotes, change, and passports and documentation too!

best travel wallets reading answers

The VULKIT Passport Holder Wallet is certainly worthy of the name, with enough space to include all the valuables and items you need when traveling. Not only are there pockets for banknotes, coins, and credit/debit cards, there is also a dedicated passport pocket, all securely enclosed within a zip-close book-style opening. On the outside surface, you’ll also find a smartphone-friendly pocket suitable for phones the size of the iPhone 7, meaning users are able to keep all their valuables together in one place! The Tuscall Travel Wallet is also lightweight when empty and weatherproof, and comes in a number of fun, attractive patterns.

  • Cool designs
  • built RFID-protection
  • Weatherproof
  • Big enough for a passport and smartphone
  • Too large for most pockets
  • Too small for a whole family

Is the VULKIT Passport Holder Wallet for me?

Keep everything from your passport to your smartphone safe and in one place with the TVULKIT Passport Holder Wallet. Pretty much the perfect size – large enough for a passport but not so large you don’t know what to do with it – this travel wallet also offers some protection from the weather, and looks great too!

best travel wallets reading answers

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Zoppen Multi-purpose RFID blocking travel wallet

The Zoppen travel wallet has a tri-fold design for a slimmer overall design while still being large enough to hold a passport, banknotes, and even an airline boarding card – without the need to fold it up! Made from eco and ethical PU faux leather, its classic style comes in a huge range of colors. The banknote sleeve is suitably-sized to fit US dollars – longer than many other currencies, all the while protecting your data from theft due to its in-built RFID blocking materials. On top of that, there are credit and ID card slots as you might expect, and the possibility to slip your smartphone inside too!

  • Can hold a passport
  • Eco and ethical
  • Range of colors
  • RFID-blocking
  • Faux leather
  • Slightly heavier than other travel wallets
  • Not the trendiest look
  • Not for the great outdoors

Is the Zoppen Multi-purpose RFID blocking travel wallet for me?

Buy the Zoppen Multi-purpose RFID blocking travel wallet and you’re pretty much guaranteed to have space for all the valuable items you need to travel with, from passport to boarding card and credit cards. The RFID-blocking technology also means you’re safe from data theft wherever you are in the world!

best travel wallets reading answers

The Lilly Pulitzer Travel Wallet is another of the higher capacity travel wallets we’re bringing to your attention in this review. This nature makes it incredibly easy to keep everything not only in one handy place but organized throughout too. The book-like form provides an almost unending series of pockets, some zipped, for passports, documentation, and money. There’s a detachable hand strap that can be slipped over the wrist to make this travel wallet even more secure when being used.

  • High capacity
  • Great organization
  • Detachable hand strap
  • Intended for women only
  • 250 grams delivery weight

Is the Lilly Pulitzer Travel Wallet for me?

Are you the one responsible for the family’s documents? Or maybe you’re just a woman who likes to be organized and have everything in one place? If either is you, then the Lilly Pulitzer Travel Wallet is going to make your life a hell of a lot easier, thanks to its huge array of pockets!

Visconti Leather Travel Organiser Wallet

This delightful travel wallet is constructed from soft leather for a luxurious feel and has a simple but stylish look. There’s a zip close pocket the size of the whole wallet on the outer rear side, which has a multitude of users. Inside, the travel wallet opens out to reveal a variety of pouches and a further zip close pocket, as well as a good number of credit card slots on the flap opening. For supreme organization, sections are labeled ‘tickets’, ‘passports’, ‘documents’, and ‘cheques’. What’s more, there’s an additional slip sleeve hidden beneath the credit card slots that’s perfect for banknotes.

  • Stylish look
  • Good number of pockets
  • Organisational sleeves
  • ‘Cheques’?, who uses cheques?
  • No RFID-blocking pockets
  • Wallet closes with studs rather than zip
  • Large for the average male pocket

Is the Visconti Leather Travel Organiser Wallet for me?

This stylish travel wallet will leave many a person asking where you’ve got it from! Not only does it look and feel great, but its highly usable too. There are zip close pockets inside and out, as well as helpfully-labeled sleeves to keep you on the straight and narrow when it comes to organization while away from home.

money belt for men travel security belt

If you’re worried about the need to carry high-denomination banknotes on you when you’re traveling, the a Security Belt could be the answer. Combining the belt you’ll probably be taking in any case with a wallet, the basic premise is a belt that incorporates a hidden zipped pocket on its inner side. Made from sturdy black nylon, the belt weighs just four ounces and fits men’s and women’s waists of 26 to 42 inches. The downside to a security belt is that it cannot be used as an everyday wallet since the money is nicely tucked away, and banknotes need to be folded lengthways to fit.

  • Combined belt and money pouch
  • Zip close pocket
  • Sturdy nylon construction
  • Very discreet
  • Cannot be used as an everyday wallet
  • Banknotes must be folded
  • Cannot take credit card/passport
  • Plastic buckle

Is a Security Belt for me?

A further feather in the cap for security when traveling, this Security Belt is a nice way of separating out some emergency cash from your other valuables. Alternatively, it’s a way of minimizing spending and the risk of pickpockets.

Bellroy Leather Travel Wallet

Bellroy Leather Travel Wallet

Using environmentally certified leather, the Bellroy Leather Travel Wallet is another of the slimline travel wallets in this review. However, that doesn’t mean this travel wallet doesn’t have the capacity to hold everything you need for a successful time away. In fact, the Bellroy Leather Travel Wallet has a dedicated passport pocket, as well as another two for banknotes of different currencies, documents, and up to 10 credit cards too! Flipping open like a police notebook rather than a paperback book, there’s a narrow pen has been cleverly added into the center fold. In addition, the Bellroy also includes protection from electronic snooping, with RFID-blocking incorporated!

  • Environmentally certified leather
  • Passport pocket

RFID-protection

  • High delivery price for UK customers
  • Won’t take a family’s passports
  • No outer zip

Is the Bellroy Leather Travel Wallet for me?

A crisp, clean look is just the start of the benefits of owning this leather travel wallet from Bellroy. Designed with travel in mind, there’s a dedicated passport pouch, pockets for multiple currencies, and place for a good number of credit cards too! And then there’s the RFID-blocking technology we should also mention again….

Valante Travel Wallet

valante travel wallet

The Valante Travel Wallet opens out in the same way a book does, giving easy access and even easier sighting of all the items you’re storing within. The rear exterior side has a large pocket in which you could slip in your smartphone, while inside there are a further three large pockets big enough to take a passport. There are two sleeves for holding banknotes of various currencies, an identity card or driving license pouch, and slots for an additional seven credit cards. Its lightweight, but is still made from water-resistant nylon. Finally, the Valante travel wallet also includes RFID-blocking technology too!

  • Book opening
  • Smartphone and passport pockets
  • RFID-blocking tech
  • Polyester material
  • Weight of 9.1 oz.
  • Just one color available

Is the Valante Travel Wallet for me?

If you need a travel wallet capable of holding all of your travel documents, the Valante is a good way to go. There are pockets large enough for a smartphone and passports, as well as those for banknotes and slots for credit cards. There’s also the fact it has RFID-protection, and resistance against the rain too!

best travel wallets reading answers

Now, you  could spend a fat chunk of $$$ on the WRONG present for someone. Wrong size hiking boots, wrong fit backpack, wrong shape sleeping bag… As any adventurer will tell you, gear is a personal choice.

So give the adventurer in your life the gift of convenience: buy them an REI Co-op gift card!  REI is The Broke Backpacker’s retailer of choice for ALL things outdoors, and an REI gift card is the perfect present you can buy from them. And then you won’t have to keep the receipt. 😉

The best travel wallet for one person isn’t necessarily the best travel wallet for the next person in the queue. So which is the best travel wallet for you? Here are a few points to take note of when working out which of our top picks might be the best for you.

Most of the travel wallets in our review list are made from water-resistant synthetic materials, which are ideal for anyone worried about getting caught in the rain (or even ruined by a splash of spilt coffee). But we’ve also covered a few travel wallets made in faux or real leather, for that extra look of sophistication!

Do you want your travel wallet to contain RFID-protection ? Firstly, let’s explain exactly what RFID stands for: Radio-Frequency Identification Devices. Basically, the wallets that promise RFID-protection stop electronic pickpockets from stealing your data by scanning the data stored on credit cards, identity cards, and even in passports, which could then be used to spend, spend, spend, or even duplicate your identity. You have been warned!

Frequency of use

If you’re only going to use your travel wallet once or twice a year, you’re probably going to be looking for a travel wallet at the lower end of the price bracket. However, if you’re a regular traveler, you definitely do get what you pay for, so keep this in mind when working out how to choose the best travel wallet for you!

Still have some questions? No problem! We’ve listed and answered the most commonly asked questions below. Here’s what people usually want to know:

What makes a travel wallet so different?

Travel wallets need to be more durable and offer more organisation than normal wallets. In the best case, they’re also made from cut-proof material.

Are there wallets that fit passports?

Yes, the VULKIT Passport Holder Wallet fits all of your cards, money and even your passport. It’s obviously not the size that you can put into your pocket, but to keep all of your valuables together, it’s perfect.

What is the safest travel wallet?

The Pacsafe RFIDsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet is a great anti-theft wallet. It is fully RFID-protected, meaning data thieves are unable to scan your credit card or ID details.

What is the overall best travel wallet?

Our favorite is the Pacsafe V50 RFID Blocking Bi-Fold Wallet . It offers plenty of compartments which makes organisation a breeze.

best travel wallets reading answers

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One of the best ways to ensure a stress-free and happy vacation period is by buying the best travel wallet you can afford. Then all your most valuable travel items will be safe and secure, leaving you to relax and have fun!

These travel wallets not quite cutting it for you? How about checking out the best travel purses instead!?

best travel wallets reading answers

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Best IELTS coaching institute in phase 2 mohali | IELTS Preparation, Study Abroad, Spoken English : IELTS ORACLE

Reading Passage 1 – The best travel wallets

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8.

GT Reading The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A  Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B  Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket, It can fit two passports.

C  Cath Kidston Breton Stripe A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them. The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D  Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E  Radley Abbey Travel Wallet This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’, ‘passport’ and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F  Gotravel Organiser The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments, it can fit at least four passports.

G  Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.

UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out. You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur: • Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally • Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company • Line closures at the request of the emergency services • Exceptionally severe weather conditions • Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Reading Passage 2 – Vacancy for food preparation assistant

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 15-27, which are based or Reading Passage 2 below.

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-19.

Vacancy for food preparation assistant

Durrant House pic runs restaurants and cafes as concessions in airports, train stations and other busy environments around the country. We currently have a vacancy for a food preparation assistant in our restaurant at Locksley Stadium, serving football fans and concert-goers before, during and after events. In addition, we cater for private parties several times a week. If you have relevant experience and a passion for preparing food to a very high standard, we’ll be delighted to hear from you. You must be able to multitask and to work in a fast-paced environment. It goes without saying that working as an effective and supportive member of a team is essential so you need to be happy in this type of work.

The role includes the usual responsibilities, such as treating hygiene as your number one priority, cleaning work areas, and doing whatever is required to provide food of excellent quality. The person appointed will carry out a range of tasks, including ensuring all raw food items are fresh, preparing vegetables to be cooked, making sure frozen food products are used in rotation, and throwing away any food products that are near or have passed their expiry date. He or she will be required to familiarise themselves with the storage system, so as to put food product supplies in the proper place and retrieve them in the right order. In particular; we are looking for someone with skill at baking, to play a large role in the production of pies and cakes.

Given the nature of the venue, working hours vary from week to week, depending on the events being held, and will often involve starting early in the morning or finishing late at night. You can expect to work an average of around 18 hours a week, although this cannot be guaranteed. You will also have the opportunity to work in another of our sites for one or two days a week, or for longer periods, and will be paid for ten days of holidays a year, Training will be provided in food safety.

If this sounds like the job for you, please contact Jo Simmons at [email protected].

Read the text below and answer Questions 20-27

Setting up a business partnership in the UK

Two or more people can go into business together by setting up either a limited company or a partnership. A partnership is the easier way to get started, and simply links two or more people together in a simple business structure. Unlike a limited company, a partnership doesn’t have a separate legal status. The partners are usually self-employed individuals, although a limited company counts as a ‘legal person’ and can also be a partner.

In a partnership, you and your partner or partners personally share responsibility for your business. This means, among other things, that if your business cannot afford to pay its debts, you must pay them yourselves. Again, this is not the case with a limited company. Partners share the business’s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

When you set up a business partnership you need to choose a name. You can trade under your own names, for example, ‘Smith and Jones’, or you can choose another name for your business. You don’t need to register your name. However, you should register your name as a trademark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

Business partnership names must not include ‘limited’, ‘Ltd’, ‘limited liability partnership’, ‘LLP’, ‘public limited company’ or ‘pic’, be offensive, or be the same as an existing trademark. Your name also can’t suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission. There is no central database of partnership names in the UK, so to avoid using the same name as another business, it is advisable to search on the internet for the name you are considering.

You must include all the partners’ names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices. You must choose a ‘nominated partner’ who is responsible for registering your partnership with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), the government department responsible for the collection of taxes. This person is responsible for managing the partnership’s tax returns and keeping business records. Alternatively, you can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

All partners need to register with HMRC separately and send their own tax returns as individuals. You must register by 5 October in your business’s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty. You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than £85,000. You can choose to register if it’s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

Reading Passage 3 – THE ROLE OF THE SWISS POSTBUS

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

THE ROLE OF THE SWISS POSTBUS

The Swiss PostBus Limited is the largest of the country’s 78 coach companies. Administered by the Motor Services Department of the Post Office, it carries over 120 million passengers each year and is carefully integrated with other public transport services: trains, boats and mountain cableways. The Swiss transportation system resembles a tree, with the larger branches representing federal and private railways, the smaller branches being the coaches, and the twigs being the urban transit operators running trams, city buses, boats, chairlifts and so on. But the trunk that holds the tree together is the vast postbus network, without which the whole network would not function.

There isn’t an inhabited place in Switzerland that cannot be reached by some sort of public transport. Federal law and the Swiss Constitution stipulate that every village with a population greater than 40 is entitled to regular bus services. The frequency of these services is directly related to population density. Timetables are put together four years in advance, and seldom change. If a new route is to be introduced, the population of the area affected is invited to vote in a referendum.

At times, postbuses are the main — sometimes the only — links between settlements. These coaches, often with a trailer in tow to increase their capacity, are a common sight in high-altitude regions, and their signature sound — part of Rossini’s William Tell Overturn, played by the drivers on three-tone post horns with electrical compressors at every road turn — is one of the most familiar Swiss sounds.

The three-tone horns can still be used to ‘talk’ to post offices (and each other) from a distance. By altering the combination of the tones, a driver can announce ‘departure of post1, ‘arrival of post’, ‘arrival of special post’, and so on – so much more romantic and often more reliable than radio or mobile phones. This musical ‘language’ started in the mid-nineteenth century, when the coach drivers could also blow their horns a certain number of times on approaching the station to indicate the number of horses needing to be fed, giving the stationmaster time to prepare the fodder.

The postbus history goes back to 1849, when the Swiss postal service was made a monopoly. The role of today’s modern yellow buses was, back then, played by horse-drawn carriages (or in winter by sleighs, in order to travel on snow), which were the same colour. By 1914, eight years after the first motor coaches were introduced, there were still 2,500 horses, 2,231 coaches (or carriages) and 1,059 sleighs in service.

After the First World War, Swiss Post bought a fleet of decommissioned military trucks which were converted into postbuses, but it was not until 1961 that the last horse-drawn coach was replaced with a motorised version.

Today, the Swiss Post Office boasts one of the worlds most advanced coach fleets, including fuel-cell models and the world’s first driverless bus. This was launched in 2015 in the town of Sion, the capital of the canton of Valais, one of the 26 cantons, or administrative regions, that make up the country.

Postbuses often go to places that other means of transport cannot reach. Most of the drivers therefore see themselves as educators and tour guides. Although it’s not in their job description, they’re likely to point out the sights — waterfalls, gorges, and so on — and are always ready to pull over for a photo opportunity.

Switzerland’s longest postbus journey, and one of the highest, crosses four mountain passes – an eight-hour trip undertaken by a single postbus. The route goes through several cantons; two languages (German and Italian); all four seasons – from burning sunshine to showers and heavy snowfalls; and countless places of interest, One of the passes, the Gotthard, is often described as ‘the People’s Road’, probably because it connects the German-speaking canton of Uri with Italian-speaking Ticino. Like Switzerland itself, postbuses ‘speak’ all four state languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh – and by law, their automated intercom announcements are given in the language of whichever canton the bus is currently passing through.

Irrespective of their previous driving experience, drivers undergo lots of training. During the first year, they have, to drive postbuses under the supervision of a more experienced driver. Only after two years of safe driving in the valleys can they be pronounced ready for a mountain bus.

Some routes are not at all busy, with the bus often carrying just two or three passengers at a time. But for most people living in small mountain villages, the postbus is of the utmost importance. It not only carries the villagers to town and back, it takes village children to and from school, delivers mail, transports milk from the village farms down to the valley, collects rubbish from the village (Swiss laws do not allow dumping anywhere in the mountains), and brings building materials to households. It takes elderly villagers to shops and carries their shopping up the hill to their homes. More a friend than just a means of transportation, for the dwellers of mountain villages the postbus is an essential part of life.

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Cambridge IELTS General 14 test 4 reading answer key

Book 14 general reading test 4 answer, reading section -1, the best travel wallets reading answers, uk rail services – how do i claim for my delayed train reading answers.

9. TRUE 10. FALSE 11. FALSE 12. NOT GIVEN 13. TRUE 14. TRUE

Reading section- 2

Vacancy for food preparation assistant reading answers.

15. stadium 16. team 17. hygiene 18. storage 19. guaranteed

Setting up a business partnership in the UK reading answers

20. status 21. debts 22. profits 23. trading 24. internet 25. invoices 26. agent 27. penalty

Reading section -3

The role of the swiss postbus reading answers.

28. C 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. TRUE 34. NOT GIVEN 35. FALSE 36. TRUE 37. TRUE 38. FALSE 39. NOT GIVEN 40. NOT GIVEN

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Test 32: Section # 1 – The best travel wallets & UK rail services

GT Reading Mock Test 32: Section 1 | Section 2 | Section 3 |

GT Reading Test 32: Section # 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 , which are based on Reading Passage below.

Write answers to questions in boxes 1-14 on your answer sheet.

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8 .

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A. Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B. Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket, It can fit two passports.

C. Cath Kidston Breton Stripe A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them. The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D. Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E. Radley Abbey Travel Wallet This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’, ‘passport’ and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F. Gotravel Organiser The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments, it can fit at least four passports.

G. Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Questions 1-8 Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets, A-G , below. For which travel wallet are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once.

1. This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials. 2. Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain. 3. Parts of the inside of this wallet have categories printed on them in one colour. 4. This wallet would suit someone who needs to keep several passports together. 5. Something is provided for writing. 6. This will suit people who want to be able to find their document wallet easily in their luggage. 7. Something to keep this wallet in is provided. 8. This wallet has been specially made to prevent people detecting the numbers on any bank cards, etc. inside it.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14 .

UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out. You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

• Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally • Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company • Line closures at the request of the emergency services • Exceptionally severe weather conditions • Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 9-14 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text above?

In boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

9. The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another. 10. Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay. 11. Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation. 12. An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for. 13. It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike. 14. Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

The best travel wallets & UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train?: Reading Answers

1. D 2. B 3. C 4. F 5. D 6. G 7. E 8. B 9. TRUE 10. FALSE 11. FALSE 12. NOT GIVEN 13. TRUE 14. TRUE

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TECH IELTS

Cambridge IELTS 14: General Reading Test 4: Section 1 ( The best travel wallets  )

Test procedure, “first, click on ‘start test ’, then read the passage below. select or write your answers on the right side corresponding to the questions. if you find any issue, please contact us.”.

SECTION 1: Questions 1-14 Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8.

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A  Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B  Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket, It can fit two passports.

C  Cath Kidston Breton Stripe A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them. The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D  Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E  Radley Abbey Travel Wallet This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’, ‘passport’ and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F  Gotravel Organiser The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments, it can fit at least four passports.

G  Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.

UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out. You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur: • Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally • Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company • Line closures at the request of the emergency services • Exceptionally severe weather conditions • Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

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UK Rail Services: Reading Answers

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IELTS General Test – Passage 17: UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train? reading with answers explanation, location and pdf. This reading paragraph has been taken from our huge collection of Academic & General Training (GT) Reading practice test PDF’s.

UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train? reading with answers

UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out. You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

•  Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally

•  Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company

•  Line closures at the request of the emergency services

•  Exceptionally severe weather conditions

•  Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation  through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 9-14

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text ?

In boxes  9-14  on your answer sheet, write

TRUE                if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE               if the statement contradicts the information

NOT   GIVEN     if there is no information on this

9.    The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another.

10.    Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay.

11.    Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation.

12 .   An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for.

13 .   It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike.

14 .   Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

________________

1) IELTS 14 READING PASSAGE – RESEARCH ON IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL YIELDS ↗

2) IELTS 14 READING PASSAGE – THE BEST TRAVEL WALLETS ↗

3) IELTS 14 READING PASSAGE – INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE CANADA ↗

4) IELTS 14 READING PASSAGE – VACANCY FOR FOOD PREPARATION ASSISTANT ↗

5) IELTS 14 READING PASSAGE – SETTING UP A BUSINESS IN UK ↗

Answers with Explanation

Check out UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train? reading answers below with explanations and locations given in the text.

9   TRUE

10   FALSE

11   FALSE

12   NOT GIVEN

13   TRUE

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General Training Reading Mock Test 63:

|  Section 1   |  Section 2   |  Section 3   |

SECTION 3:    Questions 28 - 40

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28-40 , which are based on Reading Passages below.

Write answers to questions in boxes 28-40  on your answer sheet.

GT Reading Sample - "The Role of the Swiss Postbus "

THE ROLE OF THE SWISS POSTBUS

Switzerland's postbuses are much more than just a means of public transportation.

The Swiss PostBus Limited is the largest of the country’s 78 coach companies. Administered by the Motor Services Department of the Post Office, it carries over 120 million passengers each year and is carefully integrated with other public transport services: trains, boats and mountain cableways. The Swiss transportation system resembles a tree, with the larger branches representing federal and private railways, the smaller branches being the coaches, and the twigs being the urban transit operators running trams, city buses, boats, chairlifts and so on. But the trunk that holds the tree together is the vast postbus network, without which the whole network would not function.

There isn’t an inhabited place in Switzerland that cannot be reached by some sort of public transport. Federal law and the Swiss Constitution stipulate that every village with a population greater than 40 is entitled to regular bus services. The frequency of these services is directly related to population density. Timetables are put together four years in advance, and seldom change. If a new route is to be introduced, the population of the area affected is invited to vote in a referendum.

At times, postbuses are the main — sometimes the only — links between settlements. These coaches, often with a trailer in tow to increase their capacity, are a common sight in high-altitude regions, and their signature sound — part of Rossini’s William Tell Overturn , played by the drivers on three-tone post horns with electrical compressors at every road turn — is one of the most familiar Swiss sounds.

The three-tone horns can still be used to ‘talk’ to post offices (and each other) from a distance. By altering the combination of the tones, a driver can announce ‘departure of post1, ‘arrival of post’, ‘arrival of special post’, and so on – so much more romantic and often more reliable than radio or mobile phones. This musical ‘language’ started in the mid-nineteenth century, when the coach drivers could also blow their horns a certain number of times on approaching the station to indicate the number of horses needing to be fed, giving the stationmaster time to prepare the fodder.

The postbus history goes back to 1849, when the Swiss postal service was made a monopoly. The role of today’s modern yellow buses was, back then, played by horse-drawn carriages (or in winter by sleighs, in order to travel on snow), which were the same colour. By 1914, eight years after the first motor coaches were introduced, there were still 2,500 horses, 2,231 coaches (or carriages) and 1,059 sleighs in service.

After the First World War, Swiss Post bought a fleet of decommissioned military trucks which were converted into postbuses, but it was not until 1961 that the last horse-drawn coach was replaced with a motorised version.

Today, the Swiss Post Office boasts one of the world's most advanced coach fleets, including fuel-cell models and the world’s first driverless bus. This was launched in 2015 in the town of Sion, the capital of the canton of Valais, one of the 26 cantons, or administrative regions, that make up the country.

Postbuses often go to places that other means of transport cannot reach. Most of the drivers therefore see themselves as educators and tour guides. Although it’s not in their job description, they’re likely to point out the sights — waterfalls, gorges, and so on — and are always ready to pull over for a photo opportunity.

Switzerland’s longest postbus journey, and one of the highest, crosses four mountain passes – an eight-hour trip undertaken by a single postbus. The route goes through several cantons; two languages (German and Italian); all four seasons – from burning sunshine to showers and heavy snowfalls; and countless places of interest, One of the passes, the Gotthard, is often described as ‘the People’s Road’, probably because it connects the German-speaking canton of Uri with Italian-speaking Ticino. Like Switzerland itself, postbuses ‘speak’ all four state languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh – and by law, their automated intercom announcements are given in the language of whichever canton the bus is currently passing through.

Irrespective of their previous driving experience, drivers undergo lots of training. During the first year, they have, to drive postbuses under the supervision of a more experienced driver. Only after two years of safe driving in the valleys can they be pronounced ready for a mountain bus.

Some routes are not at all busy, with the bus often carrying just two or three passengers at a time. But for most people living in small mountain villages, the postbus is of the utmost importance. It not only carries the villagers to town and back, it takes village children to and from school, delivers mail, transports milk from the village farms down to the valley, collects rubbish from the village (Swiss laws do not allow dumping anywhere in the mountains), and brings building materials to households. It takes elderly villagers to shops and carries their shopping up the hill to their homes. More a friend than just a means of transportation, for the dwellers of mountain villages the postbus is an essential part of life.

Questions 28-32 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D . Write the correct letter in boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet.

28. When comparing the Swiss transportation system to a tree, the writer emphasises 

   A. the size of the postbus system.    B. how competitive the postbus system is.    C. how important the postbus system is.    D. the threat to the postbus system.

29. What is said about bus services in the second paragraph? 

   A. Villages have the chance to request more buses every four years.    B. New routes are often introduced to reflect an increase in population.    C. Bus timetables tend to change every four years.    D. The number of buses that call at a village depends on how many people live there.

30. According to the fourth paragraph, what were three-tone horns first used to indicate?

   A. how many coach horses required food    B. how long the bus would stay at the station    C. how many passengers wanted a meal    D. how soon the bus would arrive at the station 

31. What point does the writer make about the postbus drivers? 

   A. Many choose to give passengers information about the surroundings.    B. Most are proud of driving buses to places without other forms of transport.    C. They are required to inform passengers about the sights seen from the bus.    D. They are not allowed to stop for passengers to take photographs. 

32. What is said about the buses' automated announcements? 

   A. They are given in the language of the bus's starting point.    B. The language they are given in depends on where the bus is at the time.    C. They are always given in all the four languages of Switzerland.    D. The language they are given in depends on the bus's destination.

Questions 33-40  Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text above? 

In boxes 33-40 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

33. Some postbuses after the First World War were originally army vehicles. 34. The number of driverless buses has increased steadily since 2015. 35. On the longest postbus route in Switzerland, passengers have to change buses. 36. The weather on the longest postbus route is likely to include extreme weather conditions. 37. There is a widely used nickname for part of the longest route used by postbuses. 38. Bus drivers' training can be shortened if they have driven buses before joining PostBus. 39. In some villages most passengers are school children. 40. Buses carry only rubbish that can be recycled.

Answer: Click the button to Show/ Hide Answers

Answer: 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. TRUE 34. NOT GIVEN 35. FALSE 36. TRUE 37. TRUE 38. FALSE 39. NOT GIVEN 40. NOT GIVEN

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SECTION 2:  Questions 15 - 27

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 15-27 , which are based on Reading Passages below.

Write answers to questions in boxes 15-27  on your answer sheet.

GT Reading Sample - "Vacancy for food preparation assistant"  &  "Setting up a business partnership in the UK"

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-19 .

Vacancy for food preparation assistant

Durrant House plc runs restaurants and cafes as concessions in airports, train stations and other busy environments around the country. We currently have a vacancy for a food preparation assistant in our restaurant at Locksley Stadium, serving football fans and concert-goers before, during and after events. In addition, we cater for private parties several times a week. If you have relevant experience and a passion for preparing food to a very high standard, we’ll be delighted to hear from you. You must be able to multitask and to work in a fast-paced environment. It goes without saying that working as an effective and supportive member of a team is essential so you need to be happy in this type of work.

The role includes the usual responsibilities, such as treating hygiene as your number one priority, cleaning work areas, and doing whatever is required to provide food of excellent quality. The person appointed will carry out a range of tasks, including ensuring all raw food items are fresh, preparing vegetables to be cooked, making sure frozen food products are used in rotation, and throwing away any food products that are near or have passed their expiry date. He or she will be required to familiarise themselves with the storage system, so as to put food product supplies in the proper place and retrieve them in the right order. In particular; we are looking for someone with skill at baking, to play a large role in the production of pies and cakes.

Given the nature of the venue, working hours vary from week to week, depending on the events being held, and will often involve starting early in the morning or finishing late at night. You can expect to work an average of around 18 hours a week, although this cannot be guaranteed. You will also have the opportunity to work in another of our sites for one or two days a week, or for longer periods, and will be paid for ten days of holidays a year, Training will be provided in food safety.

If this sounds like the job for you, please contact Jo Simmons at [email protected].

Questions 15-19 Complete the notes below.  Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 15-19 on your answer sheet.

Vacancy for food preparation assistant 

Location of restaurant: in a 15 ..................

Requirements: 

  •  relevant experience   •  ability to multitask must enjoy working in a 16 .................. 

Responsibilities Include: 

  •  maintaining high standards of 17 .................. and quality    •  checking the freshness of raw food    •  ensuring no food is used after its expiry date   •  leaming the procedure for the 18 .................. of food   •  doing a considerable amount of the baking 

Conditions: 

  •  working hours are not 19 ..................    •  payment is made for holidays 

Read the text below and answer Questions 20-27 .

Setting up a business partnership in the UK 

Two or more people can go into business together by setting up either a limited company or a partnership. A partnership is the easier way to get started, and simply links two or more people together in a simple business structure. Unlike a limited company, a partnership doesn’t have a separate legal status. The partners are usually self-employed individuals, although a limited company counts as a ‘legal person’ and can also be a partner.

In a partnership, you and your partner or partners personally share responsibility for your business. This means, among other things, that if your business cannot afford to pay its debts, you must pay them yourselves. Again, this is not the case with a limited company. Partners share the business’s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

When you set up a business partnership you need to choose a name. You can trade under your own names, for example, ‘Smith and Jones’, or you can choose another name for your business. You don’t need to register your name. However, you should register your name as a trademark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

Business partnership names must not include ‘limited’, ‘Ltd’, ‘limited liability partnership’, ‘LLP’, ‘public limited company’ or ‘pic’, be offensive, or be the same as an existing trademark. Your name also can’t suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission. There is no central database of partnership names in the UK, so to avoid using the same name as another business, it is advisable to search on the internet for the name you are considering.

You must include all the partners’ names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices. You must choose a ‘nominated partner’ who is responsible for registering your partnership with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), the government department responsible for the collection of taxes. This person is responsible for managing the partnership’s tax returns and keeping business records. Alternatively, you can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

All partners need to register with HMRC separately and send their own tax returns as individuals. You must register by 5 October in your business’s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty. You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than £85,000. You can choose to register if it’s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

Questions 20-27 Complete the sentences below.  Choose ONE WORD ONLY  from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 20-27 on your answer sheet.

20. A partnership is different from a limited company in not having its own .................. as a legal body. 21. The partners are personally responsible for paying all the partnership's .................. . 22. The partnership's .................. are divided between the partners. 23. Registering the partnership's name prevents others from using that name when .................. .  24. The best way to find out if a name is already in use is to use the .................. .  25. The names of the partners and the partnership must appear on .................. and other documents. 26. You must have a nominated partner, or someone to act as your .................. for all contact with HMRC. 27. You will have to pay a .................. if you miss the deadline for registering the partnership. 

Answer: 15. stadium 16. team 17. hygiene 18. storage 19. guaranteed 20. status 21. debts 22. profits 23. trading 24. internet 25. invoices 26. agent 27. penalty

|   Section 1   |   Section 2   |   Section 3   |

SECTION 1:    Questions 1 - 14

You should spend about  20  minutes on Questions  1-14 , which are based on Reading Passages below.

Write answers to questions in boxes  1-14  on your answer sheet.

GT Reading Sample -  "The best travel wallets"   &   "UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train? "

Read the text below and answer  Questions 1-8 .

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A   Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B   Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket, It can fit two passports.

C   Cath Kidston Breton Stripe A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them. The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D   Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E   Radley Abbey Travel Wallet This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’, ‘passport’ and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F   Gotravel Organiser The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments, it can fit at least four passports.

G   Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Questions 1-8 Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets, A-G , below.  For which travel wallet are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 

1. This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials. 2. Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain.  3. Parts of the inside of this wallet have categories printed on them in one colour.  4. This wallet would suit someone who needs to keep several passports together.  5. Something is provided for writing.  6. This will suit people who want to be able to find their document wallet easily in their luggage.  7. Something to keep this wallet in is provided.  8. This wallet has been specially made to prevent people detecting the numbers on any bank cards, etc. inside it. 

Read the text below and answer  Questions 9-14 .

UK rail services – how do l claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out. You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

•  Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally •  Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company •  Line closures at the request of the emergency services •  Exceptionally severe weather conditions •  Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 9-14 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text above?

In boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

9. The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another. 10. Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay. 11. Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation. 12. An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for. 13. It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike. 14. Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

Answer: 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. F 5. D 6. G 7. E 8. B 9. TRUE 10. FALSE 11. FALSE 12. NOT GIVEN 13. TRUE 14. TRUE

General Training Reading Mock Test 62:

GT Reading Sample - "Mass appeal of the manta rays"

Mass appeal of the manta rays

A. I am underwater, face to face with a large flat fish which I recognise immediately as being a manta ray. For an instant I look straight into its gaping mouth and see the row of small, flattened teeth in its lower jaw. Close on its tail comes another manta ray, and another and another. The manta rays are unaffected by my being there, cruising past in a leisurely fashion without seeming to expend any great effort.

B. From above, the manta rays are great black silhouettes that fishermen called ‘devil fish’, because of the curious horn-like fins hanging down near their mouths. But looking into their eyes you get a sense of their peaceful nature. Unlike stingrays, mantas don’t have venomous spines in their tails, and unlike many fish species they seem to enjoy human company. Once, over-enthusiastically, I swim towards a manta. I am just a few inches away when it senses me. To my surprise, the whole fish twitches in alarm and shoots off, perhaps fearing that I will touch it. I feel ashamed to have given it a fright.

C. I have come to Hanifaru, a small lagoon next to an uninhabited island in the Maldives, especially to see manta rays. These great harmless creatures congregate here during the south-west monsoons between May and November and, if the tides and winds are right, enter a shallow cul-de-sac in the reef to hunt for plankton, their main source of nutrition. On certain days the bay can attract more than 100 mantas. I have seen many manta rays on dives around the world, though not in these numbers.

D. Guy Stevens is my guide, a British marine biologist who has been studying the mantas for the past five years. Based at the nearby Four Seasons resort, he has identified more than 2,000 individual manta rays, photographing and cataloguing them according to their distinctive skin patterns. Each day we make the 40-minute boat journey from the resort to Hanifaru. Feeding events, as Guy calls them, are never guaranteed, but, during the season, hotel guests can sign up for ‘manta alerts’. If Guy and his research assistants spot significant manta activity, the guests will be brought by fast speedboat to the lagoon to snorkel. When feeding, the mantas of Hanifaru tend to stay near the surface, making them accessible to snorkellers just as much as divers. They seem not to mind the human competition in this quite small space, and indeed they are often joined by other rays and even giant whale sharks, which feed on the same plankton.

E. Word among the diving community about the possibility of finding a mass of manta rays at Hanifaru has slowly been spreading over the past year. Outside the shallow lagoon I can see five large safari boats- live-aboard cruisers that take divers around the best underwater sites in the Maldives. It is something that Guy has been monitoring closely. ‘Word is out that Hanifaru is a top manta spot,’ he explains, ‘and although the government has declared the bay a “protected area”, we still don’t have any regulations in force to limit the number of people in the water at any one time.’

F. During my stay, the resort received a visit from the then-president of the Maldives, Mohamed Nasheed. Since coming to power in 2008, he had made his interest in the marine environment and concerns about climate change well known. In 2009 he held an underwater cabinet meeting, urging other world leaders to act decisively to combat climate change. The protection of wildlife areas such as Hanifaru was clearly one of his objectives, and I asked him why he took such an interest. ‘Maldivians have lived with the reefs and their fish life since long before there were tourists,’ he said. ‘And while tourist dollars are good for our country, the sea and its produce are even more vital to my people. I have to balance what tourists want to see with preserving the marine environment- and in some cases, like Hanifaru, those objectives coincide.’

G. On several dives I am lucky enough to get close to the mantas, sometimes at underwater ‘cleaning stations’. Here, the mantas come in small numbers, or individually, to pause above a coral outcrop and wait while small fish pick at their skin, removing parasites. Adapted for fast swimming with their flattened bodies, they can accelerate rapidly with a twitch of their wings. They gaze at human swimmers with a kind of knowing calm, something people often remark on when they try to capture the emotion they experience after seeing them. ‘The manta rays have the biggest brain of any fish,’ Guy explains, ‘and some manta researchers are convinced that mantas can recognise individual people underwater.’

H. I return to the lagoon over the course of several days and learn more from Guy about his hopes for the future. ‘People can visit this place, but I want to be sure that they don’t harass the mantas by touching them or crowding them out while they’re feeding. We’re working to get a full-time ranger station and some kind of permit system to limit the number of boats that can enter the lagoon each day.’

Questions 28-30 The reading passage has 8 paragraphs, A-H . Which paragraph mentions the following?

Write the correct letter, A-H , in boxes 28-30 on your answer sheet. 

28.   a record that is being kept of manta rays in the area 29.   something that the writer regrets 30.   the reason for the writer’s visit

Questions 31-36 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?

In boxes 31-36 on your answer sheet, write

    TRUE – if the statement agrees with the information     FALSE – if the statement contradicts the information     NOT GIVEN – if there is no information on this

31.   It is difficult to distinguish one manta ray from another. 32.   For hotel guests, viewing manta rays feeding has to be arranged at short notice. 33.   The manta rays appear to object to the presence of people in the water while they are feeding. 34.   Guy Stevens is concerned about the increasing interest in Hanifaru. 35.   Mohamed Nasheed succeeded in persuading certain other countries to take steps to protect the environment. 36.   A procedure has now been established to control the number of visitors.

Questions 37-40 Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.

The manta ray

During certain times of year, depending on the weather conditions and the tides, manta rays collect to look for 37 .................... to feed on. They eat the same food as other species, such as giant whale sharks. As for keeping clean, they are kept free from 38 .................... by smaller fish.

Manta rays have certain characteristics which make them good swimmers; they use their 39 .................... to get up speed and they have flattened bodies, which help them to move quickly through the water. The nature of the manta’s 40  .................... is of particular interest to scientists. 

Answer: 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. FALSE 32. TRUE 33. FALSE 34. TRUE 35. NOT GIVEN 36. FALSE 37. plankton 38. parasites 39. wings 40. brain

GT Reading Sample - "Negotiating a better salary package for your new job"  &  "How to run a successful project"

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-20 .

Negotiating a better salary package for your new job

If you make it through the recruitment interview, a job offer may be just around the corner and you face having to talk about the nitty-gritty: your financial value.

Although many graduate training schemes have set starting salaries, there are loads of other jobs where you’ll need to exercise your negotiating skills. If you’re offered a job, it’s because the organisation sees you as a valuable asset and you should try to set your level of remuneration accordingly.

There are no general rules about how and when to conduct your negotiation but being sensitive to the culture of the organisation is essential. There are also some practical steps you can take to position yourself sensibly. Familiarise yourself with the company itself, as well as the range of salaries on offer. Doing careful research in this way prior to starting negotiations is very valuable. You can look at the range of packages offered for comparable jobs in adverts on the internet, or ask for advice from people you know professionally or personally. You could also approach a local Training and Enterprise Council. Finally, if you’re a member of a union, they will have information on acceptable salary ranges for your profession.

If the salary offered is less than you’d hoped for, you could negotiate an early pay review instead, say after the first six months. Ensure that the criteria are clearly set out though, and that they’re included in your contract.

Make sure you check out the salary package, not just the number of zeroes on your payslip. You may find that the total package of pay and benefits raises the worth of the salary to an acceptable level. For instance, you may be offered private health cover, a non-contributory pension, a car to use for work purposes and/or significant bonuses. When bonuses are mentioned, you may want to discuss the basis on which they’re paid, so that you’re absolutely clear about the terms and conditions attached. When negotiating, be persuasive and consistent in your arguments but be prepared to agree to a compromise if you really want the job.

If your negotiations are successful, ask for the agreed terms and conditions to be confirmed in writing ASAP.

Questions 15-20 Complete the sentences below.  Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 15-20 on your answer sheet.

15. When negotiating a salary, potential employees should take advantage of the company’s view of them as a useful ....................... . 16. When negotiating a salary it is important to be aware of the company’s particular ....................... . 17. Some people use the ....................... to monitor salaries offered for similar positions. 18. People who belong to a ....................... can ask for recommendations on what is the norm for payment in their field. 19. Some people try to arrange for a ....................... of their salary to be carried out after an initial period. 20. It is important to be willing to accept a ....................... if the negotiations are getting nowhere.  

Read the text below and answer Questions 21-27 .

How to run a successful project 

A project manager’s main task is to bring a particular project to completion, both on time and within budget. There are many factors that can cause a project to veer off its tracks, but steps can be taken to ensure that your project experiences as little disruption as possible.

1. Prepare the framework If you get everything down in writing at the beginning of the project, you have an excellent foundation to build upon. Change is inevitable, but you have to maintain control. This is critical to avoid problems of ‘scope creep’, which is when the company paying for the project asks for ‘just one more little thing’ repeatedly, until the project becomes unmanageable.

2. Select the team Gather your human resources, and make sure that their skills align with their roles. This is an important first step: if you assign the wrong person to a task, you are reducing your chances of success.

Make sure each team member is clear on what is expected from them and when. Encourage them to ask questions to clarify anything that may be uncertain, and to always come to you whenever something seems to be out of place or going wrong. Clear communication is critical.

Make sure the whole team and the client company grasp the project’s limitations in terms of its achievable outcomes. You can finish a task successfully and on time as long as expectations are reasonable.

3. Staying on track How can you know if your project is going to be successful if you don’t have any way of measuring success? You will need interim milestones, especially for a long-term project, so that you can determine if you are staying on track or straying from the project’s goals.

4. Manage project risks Hopefully you have defined the more likely risks up front during the project preparation, so you should now put contingency plans in place for certain occurrences. If you can see when a risk is imminent, you can take preventive action to avoid it, but be ready to halt a project if the risk becomes unacceptable.

5. Evaluate the project Once a project has been completed, it’s important to write a report, even if it is only for internal purposes. You can pinpoint what went right or wrong, determine what could have been done differently, and establish the best practices for use in future undertakings.

Questions 21-27 Complete the flow-chart below.  Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 21-27 on your answer sheet.

How to run a successful project

Bear in mind that your aim should be to keep to both the agreed deadline and the 21 .......................  for the project      ↓ Fix the details at the start to prevent what is called 22 ....................... - the client asking for more and more.      ↓ Choose the team members wisely so that their 23 ....................... match the duties you want them to take on.      ↓ Promote good 24 ....................... at all times so everyone knows what you require of them.      ↓ Make sure 25 ....................... are set so you can check whether the project is running to schedule.     ↓ Prepare 26 ....................... which can be activated if things go wrong on the project.     ↓ Once the project is over, produce a 27 ....................... outlining its strengths and weaknesses for future reference.

Answer: 15. asset 16. culture 17. internet 18. union 19. review 20. compromise 21. budget 22. scope creep 23. skills 24. (clear) communication 25. (interim) milestones 26. (contingency) plans 27. report

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 , which are based on Reading Passages below.

Write answers to questions in boxes 1-14 on your answer sheet.

GT Reading Sample - "Music Clubs"   &   "Biological Research Institute "

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8 .

Music Clubs

A.   Whitehay Youth Music is intended for anyone aged between 6 and 14 who is keen to perform in public. The club is limited to 30 members at any time, and we operate a waiting list for membership. Two concerts are performed every year and every member takes part. Members must have reached at least an intermediate standard on their instrument. The group meets in the Jubilee Hall on Wednesday evenings during term time for rehearsals and for workshops in which members learn how to improve their playing.

B.   Whitehay Music Club brings together music lovers from around the district, for enjoyable evenings of food and music. We meet monthly in members' homes, and during the evening we have a buffet meal and listen to recordings of both well-known and not so well-known music. The music is preceded by a brief talk providing background information about the composers and the music. Every few months we organise a coach trip to a musical event within a radius of 50 km.

C.   Whitehay Philharmonic is an amateur orchestra, founded in 1954. Two or three times a year, it performs a wide range of music to large and appreciative audiences from the area, in the town's Jubilee Hall. New members are always welcome, and can take part in rehearsals, although there may not be room for everyone to perform in the concerts. Because the orchestra only partly finances its performances through ticket sales, members with marketing experience are particularly welcome, in order to build sales.

D.   Whitehay Music Society is primarily a fundraising group that organises a range of money-making activities - from street collections to seeking sponsorship from local businesses. The money raised is used to support professional musicians if, for example, illness prevents them from earning a living. As a member, you will receive a monthly newsletter describing our work, and containing details of concerts, operas and other performances, both locally and nationally. Everybody is welcome to join the society: children are particularly welcome, along with their parents.

Questions 1-8 Look at the four advertisements for music clubs in a town called Whitehay, A-D , in the reading passage above. For which club are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-D , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

1. It needs members who can find ways of increasing audience numbers. 2. All its members perform in club concerts. 3. It distributes information about musical events to its members. 4. It requires its members to have reached a certain level as performers. 5. One of its aims is to introduce its members to music they may not be familiar with. 6. It helps children to develop their musical skills. 7. Its performances are popular with local people. 8. It helps people who are in financial need.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.

Biological Research Institute

Welcome to the Biological Research Institute campus. We hope that your visit will be enjoyable and interesting. Please read the information below and comply with the instructions given.

On arrival, you should report to the Reception building by the main entrance gate, where you will be issued with a pass. This must be visible at all times during your visit to the campus.

If you are driving a vehicle, please inform Reception. They will contact Security, who will identify the area where you should park your car. Please ensure that you park it in the designated area. You must keep to the campus speed limit (10 mph) at all times. Cars are parked at the owner's risk.

For your own safety, please follow the instructions displayed on noticeboards around the campus, as well as all instructions issued by authorised personnel. Do not enter any restricted areas or touch any machinery or other equipment unless authorised. Visitors must be accompanied by their host at all times whilst on the campus.

Entry into certain areas requires the wearing of special clothing or equipment. This will be provided for you by your host, who will advise you on the appropriate protection for the areas you visit.

Unless your host has previously obtained permission from the Institute management, photography, whether still or video, is not permitted in any part of the campus.

Children under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult at all times, and should only be brought on campus if the Institute management has previously agreed to this. No nursery facilities are available for visiting children.

In the event of an accident, call 3333 and request the assistance of site first-aid personnel.

Questions 9-14 Complete the sentences below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet.

 9. If you come by car, ……………………… will tell you where to park it. 10. Advice on ……………………… can be seen on noticeboards. 11. You will need to obtain authorisation before touching equipment such as ……………………… . 12. Permission from the management is required if you want to do any kind of ……………………… . 13. The Institute does not provide a ……………………… for children visiting the campus. 14. You should phone 3333 if any kind of ……………………… occurs.

Answer: 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. security 10. safety 11. machinery 12. photography 13. nursery 14. accident

General Training Reading Mock Test 61:

GT Reading Sample - "Marine Ecosystems"

Questions 28-34 The text below has seven sections, A-G . Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-viii , in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings i.   Plans for more marine protected areas ii.   A historical overview of one specific area iii.   Why more has not been done to save marine creatures iv.   What the press has missed v.   Where biodiversity has been shown to help vi.   Who is currently being blamed vii.   A reason for some optimism viii.   Various factors other than fishing

28.   Section  A 29.   Section  B 30.   Section  C 31.   Section  D 32.   Section  E 33.   Section  F 34.   Section  G

Marine Ecosystem

A For some time now, the world’s oceans and the people who fish them have been a constant source of bad environmental news: cod is effectively an endangered species of fish in some places now; every year thousands of dolphins are injured by fishing vessels; huge tuna farms are ruining the Mediterranean Sea.

What is more, marine biologists recently warned that our seafood is in terminal decline. According to research published in Science last November, stocks of all the fish and shellfish that we currently eat will collapse before 2050. Or at least that’s how the media reported it.

B However, the scientist who led the study has said that the main conclusion of his research has been buried beneath the headlines. While the danger to our seafood supply is real enough, says Boris Worm, assistant professor of marine conservation biology at Dalhousie University, Canada, there is a more serious point: that the way in which we manage the oceans is not only threatening the survival of individual species, it’s upsetting the delicate balance of marine communities and thus causing the collapse of entire ecosystems. Research has shown that the number of ecosystems where all higher forms of life are extinct, so-called dead zones, is increasing.

The point that many reports failed to highlight, says Worm, is that we have to revolutionise the way our marine resources are run, changing the focus from stocks and quotas to biodiversity and ecosystem protection. And to do that, we must change the way the debate about our marine resources is conducted in the public domain.

C Around 7,500 years ago, shrinking glaciers and the resulting higher water levels led to the development of what’s called the Wadden Sea, a 13,500-square-kilometre area of the North Sea. During the first 5,000 years or so, the sea pulsated with life. There was a high level of biodiversity on the seabed too, and the salt marshes and mud flats on the coast supported millions of birds. This continued until around 2,000 years ago, when human pressure began to affect it. Research has shown that some of the larger creatures disappeared more than 500 years ago. And by the late 19th century, populations of most of the other mammals and fish were severely reduced, leading to the collapse of several traditional fisheries.

D What’s interesting is that overfishing isn’t the main agent of the decline, as we might assume. It’s due to an ongoing combination of exploitation, habitat destruction and pollution. Coastal development, for example, destroys large areas of wetlands that support a range of species. Pollution fuels a process known as eutrophication, which kills certain seagrasses. Nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in human and industrial waste promote the growth of tiny phytoplankton. This over-enrichment of the sea can ultimately lead to the collapse of the entire system through oxygen starvation.

Most marine ecosystems have an in-built capacity to deal with a certain amount of pollution because shellfish can absorb phytoplankton. But in many cases, these have been largely removed by fishing, so the effect of any nutrient-rich pollutants entering the system is increased. In a healthy system, coastal wetlands also act as filters, so their destruction causes even more pollution. These processes have been fairly well understood for a number of years.

E What the Science paper has demonstrated, however, is that the decline in the health of ecosystems is greater where the number of different species is low. The population of marbled rock cod around the South Atlantic island of South Georgia, for example, still hasn’t recovered after the fishing industry caused its collapse during the 1970s. By contrast, North Sea cod has withstood very heavy fishing for hundreds of years, says Worm, and although it has declined substantially, it hasn’t yet collapsed completely. Worm believes that, ‘to have a greater number of species makes an ecosystem more robust’. His theory is backed up by evidence from experiments into how ecosystems react to change.

F And some positive news came from the study. Worm and his colleagues were able to show that it’s possible to reverse such damage as long as there are enough species. A survey of 44 protected areas revealed increases in biodiversity and fish catches close to the reserves. Worm says, ‘We should be focusing our attention on protecting all of our marine resources at the ecosystem level, and managing levels of fishing, pollution and habitat disturbance to ensure that crucial services that maintain the health of the ecosystem continue to function.’ To anyone who knows anything about ecology, it would appear that Worm is just stating the obvious. And many protected areas on land are now managed in this way.

G However, there has long been a tendency to view our oceans as a limitless resource, combined with a widespread failure to make an emotional connection with most marine wildlife. True, we have created a small number of marine protected areas. 'We seem to have understood the value of protecting ecosystems in areas such as the Australian Great Barrier Reef that we consider to be particularly beautiful' says John Shepherd, Professor of Marine Sciences at Southampton University in the UK. ‘Human nature will always draw us towards those species or habitats that are more aesthetically pleasing. That’s why there will always be support for protecting pandas and very little for worms, even though nematodes play a vital role in maintaining the health of an ecosystem.’

Questions 35-37 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D . Write the correct letter in boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet.

35. Boris Worm’s main concern is that     A. marine ecosystems will completely break down.     B. insufficient attention is being paid to fish numbers.     C. there will no longer be enough seafood for people to eat.     D. politicians will be unwilling to discuss marine resources.

36. What point does John Shepherd make?     A. Marine conservation areas are not high on the list of visitor attractions.     B. People know very little about how different species actually live.     C. The public are much less likely to help unattractive creatures     D. The marine environment was better understood in the past.

37. Which of the following best summarises the text as a whole?     A. Scientists disagree about the state of the world’s oceans.     B. A radical review of marine resource management is needed.     C. The fishing industry is mainly responsible for today’s problems.     D. The natural systems of our seas will not be able to repair themselves.

Questions 38-40 Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.

The Wadden Sea

The Wadden Sea was created when the sea rose as a consequence of 38 ……………………….. slowly contracting. The waters were full of different species of marine creatures, and there were large numbers of 39 ……………………….. living on the wetlands along the shore. This continued until species began to decline 2,000 years ago. Overfishing was partly responsible for the changing circumstances, and so was pollution. At the same time, there has been an increase in some nutrients in the Wadden Sea which can also destroy marine creatures and vegetation by depriving them of 40 ……………………….. which is essential for their survival.

Answer: 28. vi 29. iv 30. ii 31. viii 32. v 33. vii 34. iii 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. glaciers 39. birds 40. oxygen

GT Reading Sample - "Benefits for staff of Hamberton Hospital"  &  "Performance-related pay"

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-21 .

Benefits for staff of Hamberton Hospital

Our attractive benefits package is one of the ways we acknowledge the contribution they all make in the provision of high quality patient care. Our package is extensive and varied.

As a Hamberton employee, you’ll enjoy both National Health Service (NHS) and locally developed schemes, providing you with a range of benefits. These include:

Financial Benefits •  opportunity to contribute to the NHS Pension Scheme – highly regarded by the independent pensions and insurance sector •  Injury Benefits Scheme •  excellent occupational sick pay and maternity leave and pay entitlements •  loans to assist with the purchase of housing for employees in the health service

Work-Life Balance Here at Hamberton, we are committed to helping all employees balance their work and home life commitments. We believe by helping people make this balance we are able to recruit, retain and motivate the most valuable asset of the NHS – our employees. We are committed to making this balance work for all employees equally, not just parents.

Over 50% of our staff work part-time in a range of flexible working options, which include: •  job sharing •  term-time-only working •  part-time working •  individually-tailored working patterns

We also support employees further through our caring and special leave arrangements.

Health •  our own occupational health department, providing a totally confidential service open to all staff during normal working hours •  a round-the-clock free and confidential counselling service •  policies supporting phased returns to work after long illnesses or injuries

Other Benefits On-site facilities include: •  excellent food provided in our restaurant •  ample parking •  retail outlets

NHS Discounts All NHS employees can access the NHS Discounts scheme. This allows members of staff free access to a number of discounted products and services. For example, discounts are available at many high street shops and elsewhere, including savings on toys, utility bills, days out, and much more.

Red Guava This is a further discount benefit, which is available to employees of Hamberton. Red Guava provides discounts on holidays, for example, and can save you money in many other ways too.

Questions 15-21 Complete the sentences below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 15-21 on your answer sheet.

15. The hospital provides benefits to show its recognition of the ………………………… of staff to its work. 16. Financial benefits include pay for staff who are ………………………… or on maternity leave. 17. ………………………… are available for staff who wish to buy a home. 18. Helping staff with their work-life balance is not restricted to ………………………… 19. The hospital has ………………………… that are designed to help staff return to work after a long absence. 20. The facilities on hospital premises include a large area for ………………………… 21. The cost of ………………………… is reduced by using the Red Guava scheme.

Read the text below and answer Questions 22-27 .

Performance-related pay 

There are a number of reasons why your employer might introduce this type of pay scheme. They may: • be keen to retain current staff • want to compete for new talent • be seeking a fairer way of distributing wages.

In order for performance-related schemes to work, they should be based on clear, measurable targets agreed by both employer and employee. You will normally find out about these targets from your contract of employment and the performance appraisal meetings you have with your manager.

Short-term schemes Short-term schemes usually offer bonus payments, or, depending on the type of work, commission on sales achieved. Payments vary and these schemes are normally used just to encourage staff to improve their own performance.

Long-term schemes Long-term schemes offer rewards like share options, and can help to encourage loyalty to the organisation and its aims. Such schemes tend to be used as a way of retaining senior staff.

What to do if you have problems If you don’t receive bonus or commission payments which you believe you are owed, check your contract of employment or staff handbook to see how your bonus is paid. Ask your employer if you need more information.

If you think a mistake has been made, you should: • speak to your employer to see if there has been a misunderstanding • ask your employer to set out in writing how they have calculated your pay • keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings.

There are three ways that the law might cover a case of unpaid bonuses: • breach of contract • unlawful deductions from wages • unlawful discrimination.

Deductions from wages / breach of contract Any right to a bonus will normally be included in your contract of employment. It may not always be written down. It can be verbally agreed or understood to be there due to normal practice in your particular area of business.

Failure to pay a bonus or commission that you are entitled to could amount to an unlawful deduction of wages.

Discrimination Your employer must not discriminate against particular groups of people – for example, by giving smaller bonuses to women. Ideally, your employer should have some guidelines setting out the normal range of bonuses to give, and these must be followed without discriminating against any specific group.

Questions 22-27

Complete the notes below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 22-27 on your answer sheet.

Performance-related pay

One of the reasons for introducing performance-related pay is in order to 22 …………………… existing employees. Employer and employee should agree on some 23 …………………… that can be measured. Short-term schemes: bonus or the payment of a 24 …………………… related to sales. Long-term reward schemes: generally offered to employees at a 25 …………………… level. Details of bonus payments: may be included in a contract or a handbook for staff.

If you think there has been a mistake with your pay:

• discuss the issue with your employer • keep records of any relevant 26 ……………………

It is illegal for employers to discriminate against any specific group, e.g. by giving less money to 27 …………………… .

Answer: 15. contribution 16. sick 17. loans 18. parents 19. policies/schemes 20. parking 21. holidays 22. retain 23. targets 24. commission 25. senior 26. meetings/letters 27. women

GT Reading Sample - "Evening Courses"   &   "The Bike Foundry"

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-7 .

Evening Courses

A  Cooking for today These are classes for those of you who can already make basic meals by keeping strictly to a simple recipe, but who would now like to use your imagination as well. We‘ll learn how to make great family meals, discovering how to develop basic recipes into personal creations, with a few tricks and tips to help you become more confident.

B  Entertaining the easy way This course has plenty of ideas and tips for special occasions that you can enjoy preparing, love eating and be proud to provide. The recipes are adaptable to your needs and lifestyle, building on your current skills and aimed at developing your own cooking style.

C  Cooking for the family Keen to make better food for your kids? This course is for parents who want to learn how to make fun food with the aim of showing their kids how to cook later at home. We’ll learn plenty of tasty tips for snacks and picnics, family favourites, and dishes with fresh fruit and vegetables so that you and your family can get really fit and well and enjoy your food.

D  Jewellery making This course aims to enable students to create silver jewellery. Your first project will be to make a silver ring and then you will have an opportunity to create another piece of your design. This is an introductory course. Base metals are supplied free. Please wear suitable workshop clothing and bring a notebook and pen.

E  Photography This course will allow you to take full advantage of your digital camera. Covering portrait, landscape and still-life photography, the classes will include effective use of lenses and lighting. To really benefit from the course, learners should have time to read ahead between sessions.

F  Creative writing Come and learn how to have fun with stories and other kinds of creative writing. We will try out some new ideas and techniques for improving style and waking up the imagination. Writers who have not taken the foundation class will also be able to join, provided they already have some experience of the subject.

Questions 1-7 Look at the six advertisements for evening courses, A-F , in the text above. For which evening course are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-F , in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once.

1. After taking this course, participants will be able to teach their skills to others. 2. Participants will be expected to prepare at home for each class. 3. Certain materials will be included in the course fee. 4. This course aims to teach people to prepare meals for guests. 5. This course will help participants to make the best use of a certain item. 6. This course is for people who want to do more than follow instructions. 7. Following this course should improve participants' health.

Read the text below and answer Questions 8-14.

The Bike Foundry

The Bike Foundry aims to promote cycling, and to make an environmentally-friendly means of transport and leisure available to as many people as we can.

Our Bikes All our bikes are hand-restored by our team and come with a three month’s guarantee. We stock bikes to suit different needs, at affordable prices. We gratefully accept donations of unwanted bikes.

Training We offer maintenance and cycle training to schools and small groups on their own premises. Additionally, we provide training to individuals and groups in our workshops.

Maintenance Training

Bike Basics This is a three-hour course which will teach you everything you need to know to keep on top of simple maintenance issues like looking after brakes and gears and how to repair a puncture. By the end of the course, you’ll know how to take good care of your bike.

Home Mechanics This twelve-hour course consists of teaching you how to use specialist tools and how to fit compatible replacement parts. It’s aimed at those who have completed Bike Basics or have some prior knowledge.

Courses are run regularly for groups of up to four trainees. We use professional mechanics’ tools and employ experienced staff. Most importantly, we have tea and coffee-making facilities and a fridge where participants can keep their sandwiches, etc. Unfortunately, our training room is up a flight of stairs.

For £10 a year you can join our Tool Club. Membership gives you access to our workshop for one evening a week. If you want to repair your bike and know how to fix it, but lack specialist tools, then join our club. There’s a range of reference manuals available and a mechanic to offer advice.

Cycling Training Our qualified instructors can teach you how to ride your bike, whether you have had prior experience or not. If you’re already riding and would like to build your confidence, we can teach you safe techniques to negotiate traffic.

Booking Information To book a place, email [email protected]

We ask for a 50% deposit to confirm your place, refundable up to seven days before the course.

Questions 8-14 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text above?

In boxes 8-14 on your answer sheet, write

   TRUE        if the statement agrees with the information    FALSE      if the statement contradicts the information    NOT GIVEN      if there is no information on this

8. The Bike Foundry sells only second-hand bicycles. 9. All the training sessions are held at the Bike Foundry. 10. The Bike Basics course is aimed at new cyclists. 11. Snacks are provided for participants on the maintenance training courses. 12. Members of the Tool Club have access to cycle reference books. 13. Most of the participants on the Cycling Training courses are beginners. 14. People can cancel their place on a training course one week before it begins and still get their money back.

Answer: 1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. E 6. A 7. C 8. TRUE 9. FALSE 10. NOT GIVEN 11. FALSE 12. TRUE 13. NOT GIVEN 14. TRUE

General Training Reading Mock Test 60:

GT Reading Sample - "Crossing the Humber estuary"

Crossing the Humber estuary

A   For thousands of years, the Humber - an estuary formed where two major rivers, the Trent and the Ouse , meet – has been an obstacle to communications along the east coast of England, between the counties of Yorkshire to the north and Lincolnshire to the south. Before the arrival of the railways in the 19th century, water transportation was the most efficient means of moving heavy or bulk freight, and the Humber, situated at the heart of the waterway system associated with the two major rivers, was one of the chief highways of England. Its traffic brought prosperity to the settlements on its banks, particularly the city of Hull on its north bank, but the river itself tended to cut them off from some of their closest neighbours, as well as obstructing the progress of travellers moving north or south.

B   To cater for these local and, as time progressed, wider needs, ferries were provided across many of the streams flowing into the Humber, and in 1315, a ferry was established across the Humber itself between Hull and Lincolnshire. By 1800, this ferry had become fully integrated into the overland transport system, but the changes associated with the industrial revolution were soon to threaten its position. Increased traffic encouraged speculators to establish rival ferries between Hull and Lincolnshire, notably a service between Hull and New Holland which opened in 1826. This crossing was considerably shorter than on the existing Hull to Barton service, which closed in 1851, unable to cope with the increased competition from the rival service.

The New Holland ferry service then grew into a major link between the north and south banks of the Humber, carrying passengers, and cattle and goods bound for Hull Market. In 1968, there was briefly a ferry service from Grimsby to Hull involving hovercrafts. This did not last long as the hovercrafts could not cope with the demands of the River Humber. The ferry service between Hull and New Holland ended with the opening of the Humber Bridge in 1981.

C   The bridge was the outcome of over 100 years of campaigning by local interests for the construction of a bridge or tunnel across the estuary. The first major crossing proposal was a tunnel scheme in 1872. This scheme was promoted by Hull merchants and businesses dissatisfied with the service provided by the New Holland ferry crossing. Over the next 100 years, a variety of proposals were put forward in an effort to bridge the Humber. In 1928, a plan was drawn up by Hull City Council to build a multi-span bridge four miles west of Hull. However, the scheme was dropped after being hit by the financial woes of the Great Depression of the late 1920s and early 1930s.

D   Government approval for the construction of a suspension bridge was finally granted in 1959, although it was not until 1973 that work finally began. The reasons why a suspension bridge was chosen were twofold. Firstly, the Humber has a shifting bed, and the navigable channel along which a craft can travel is always changing; a suspension bridge with no support piers in mid-stream would not obstruct the estuary. Secondly, because of the geology and topography of the area, the cost of constructing a tunnel would have been excessive.

E  Work on the construction proceeded for eight years, during which time many thousands of tonnes of steel and concrete were used and upwards of one thousand workers and staff were employed at times of peak activity. The designers had been responsible for two other major suspension bridges in Britain but, with a total span of 2,220 m, or almost a mile and a half, the Humber was going to be the longest suspension bridge in the world. Nowadays designers have computers, but back then everything was done with slide rules and calculators. The towers were concrete rather than the usual steel, since concrete was cheaper and would blend in better with the setting. The bridge was designed to stand for 120 years.

F   Malcolm Stockwell, the bridgemaster, recalls that when the bridge first opened, there wasn’t a great deal of interest in it. Then children started visiting, and he remembers their astonishment at seeing the control room and all the lights. People who lived in towns on opposite banks a mile apart started crossing the river - a journey that previously might as well have been to the moon. The bridge brought them together. .

G   The bridge opened up, both socially and economically, two previously remote and insular areas of England, and the improvement in communication enabled the area to realise its potential in commercial, industrial and tourist development. The bridge has saved many millions of vehicle miles and many valuable hours of drivers’ and passengers’ time – an important factor not only for the drivers and operators of commercial vehicles, but also for tourists and holidaymakers who would have had to travel around the estuary to reach destinations in the region.

ln the words of Malcolm Stockwell, ‘Although it can’t beat the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco for setting, it far outstrips it for sheer elegance and as a piece of engineering.’

Questions 28-34 The text has seven sections, A-G . Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number i-x , in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings i   Why the ferry crossing has always been difficult ii   Building the bridge iii   An advantage of the design for the bridge iv   The growing popularity of the bridge v   Opposition to building a bridge vi   Benefits and disadvantages the Humber has brought vii  Proposed alternatives to ferry services viii   How the bridge has contributed to the region’s growth ix   Rising demand for river transport

28. Section  A 29. Section  B 30. Section  C 31. Section  D 32. Section  E 33. Section  F 34. Section  G

Questions 35-40 Complete the summary below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 35-40 on your answer sheet.

Crossing the Humber

The first ferry across the Humber started operating in 1315, and by 1800, this service had been 35 …………………… with other forms of transport. The mid-19th century saw greater 36 ……………………in the provision of services. in 1968, an attempt to establish a service across the river using 37  …………………… failed.

The Humber Bridge is a suspension bridge because the channel that ships travel along moves, and 38  ……………………supporting a bridge would obstruct it. A bridge rather than a 39 …………………… was chosen on the grounds of cost. This was also one reason why 40 …………………… was used for the towers.

Answer: 28. vi 29. ix 30. vii 31. iii 32. ii 33. iv 34. viii 35. integrated 36. competition 37 hovercraft(s) 38. piers 39. tunnel 40. concrete

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best travel wallets reading answers

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Questions 1-14

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8.

The best travel wallets

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A   Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder

This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B   Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet

This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket. It can fit two passports.

C   Cath Kidston Breton Stripe

A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them. The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D   Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet

This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E   Radley Abbey Travel Wallet

This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’, ‘passport’ and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F   Gotravel Organiser

The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments. It can fit at least four passports.

G   Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Questions 1-8

Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets, A-G .

For which travel wallet are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter, A-G , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

NB    You may use any letter more than once .

1   This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials.

2   Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain.

3   Parts of the inside of this wallet have categories printed on them in one colour.

4   This wallet would suit someone who needs to keep several passports together.

5   Something is provided for writing.

6   This will suit people who want to be able to find their document wallet easily in their luggage.

7   Something to keep this wallet in is provided.

8   This wallet has been specially made to prevent people detecting the numbers on any bank cards, etc. inside it.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.

UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey, you may be able to claim compensation, but train companies all have different rules, so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to. The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous, older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late, and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay. The scheme varies between companies, but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour. On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control. But it is still worth asking them for compensation, as some may pay out. You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

•  Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally

•  Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company

•  Line closures at the request of the emergency services

•  Exceptionally severe weather conditions

•  Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket. Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers, which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016, rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation  through the Consumer Rights Act. This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to: a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available; a consistently late running service; and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes, for instance Delay Repay, and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action, passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 9-14

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?

In boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE                if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE               if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN     if there is no information on this

9   The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another.

10   Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay.

11   Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation.

12    An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for.

13    It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike.

14    Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

Questions 15-27

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-19.

Vacancy for food preparation assistant

Durrant House plc runs restaurants and cafés as concessions in airports, train stations and other busy environments around the country. We currently have a vacancy for a food preparation assistant in our restaurant at Locksley Stadium, serving football fans and concert-goers before, during and after events. In addition, we cater for private parties several times a week. If you have relevant experience and a passion for preparing food to a very high standard, we’ll be delighted to hear from you. You must be able to multitask and to work in a fast-paced environment. It goes without saying that working as an effective and supportive member of a team is essential, so you need to be happy in this type of work.

The role includes the usual responsibilities, such as treating hygiene as your number  one priority, cleaning work areas, and doing whatever is required to provide food of excellent quality. The person appointed will carry out a range of tasks, including ensuring all raw food items are fresh, preparing vegetables to be cooked, making sure frozen food products are used in rotation, and throwing away any food products that are near or have passed their expiry date. He or she will be required to familiarise themselves with the storage system, so as to put food product supplies in the proper place and retrieve them in the right order. In particular, we are looking for someone with skill at baking, to play a large role in the production of pies and cakes.

Given the nature of the venue, working hours vary from week to week, depending on the events being held, and will often involve starting early in the morning or finishing late at night. You can expect to work an average of around 18 hours a week, although this cannot be guaranteed. You will also have the opportunity to work in another of our sites for one or two days a week, or for longer periods, and will be paid for ten days of holidays a year. Training will be provided in food safety.

If this sounds like the job for you, please contact Jo Simmons at [email protected].

Questions 15-19

Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 15-19 on your answer sheet.

Location of restaurant: in a 15 …………………….

Requirements:

•  relevant experience

•  ability to multitask

•  must enjoy working in a 16 …………………….

Responsibilities include:

•  maintaining high standards of 17 ……………………. and quality

•  checking the freshness of raw food

•  ensuring no food is used after its expiry date

•  learning the procedure for the 18 ……………………. of food

•  doing a considerable amount of the baking

Conditions:

•  working hours are not 19 …………………….

•  payment is made for holidays  

Read the text below and answer Questions 20-27.

Setting up a business partnership in the UK

Two or more people can go into business together by setting up either a limited company or a partnership. A partnership is the easier way to get started, and simply links two or more people together in a simple business structure. Unlike a limited company, a partnership doesn’t have a separate legal status. The partners are usually self-employed individuals, although a limited company counts as a ‘legal person’ and can also be a partner.

In a partnership, you and your partner or partners personally share responsibility for your business. This means, among other things, that if your business cannot afford to pay its debts, you must pay them yourselves. Again, this is not the case with a limited company. Partners share the business’s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

When you set up a business partnership you need to choose a name. You can trade under your own names, for example, ‘Smith and Jones’, or you can choose another name for your business. You don’t need to register your name. However, you should register your name as a trademark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

Business partnership names must not include ‘limited’, ‘Ltd’, ‘limited liability partnership’, LLP’, ‘public limited company’ or ‘pic’, be offensive, or be the same as an existing trademark. Your name also can’t suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission. There is no central database of partnership names in the UK, so to avoid using the same name as another business, it is advisable to search on the internet for the name you are considering.

You must include all the partners’ names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices.

You must choose a ‘nominated partner’ who is responsible for registering your partnership with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), the government department responsible for the collection of taxes. This person is responsible for managing the partnership’s tax returns and keeping business records. Alternatively, you can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

All partners need to register with HMRC separately and send their own tax returns as individuals.

You must register by 5 October in your business’s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.

You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than £85,000. You can choose to register if it’s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

Questions 20–27

Complete the sentences below.

Write your answers in boxes 20–27 on your answer sheet.

20    A partnership is different from a limited company in not having its own ……………………. as a legal body.

21    The partners are personally responsible for paying all the partnership’s ……………………. .

22    The partnership’s ……………………. are divided between the partners.

23    Registering the partnership’s name prevents others from using that name when ……………………. .

24    The best way to find out if a name is already in use is to use the ……………………. .

25    The names of the partners and the partnership must appear on ……………………. and other documents.

26    You must have a nominated partner, or someone to act as your ……………………., for all contact with HMRC.

27    You will have to pay a ……………………. if you miss the deadline for registering the partnership.

Questions 28-40

Read the text below and answer Questions 28-40.

THE ROLE OF THE SWISS POSTBUS

Switzerland’s postbuses are much more than just a means of public transportation.

The Swiss PostBus Limited is the largest of the country’s 78 coach companies. Administered by the Motor Services Department of the Post Office, it carries over 120 million passengers each year and is carefully integrated with other public transport services: trains, boats and mountain cableways. The Swiss transportation system resembles a tree, with the larger branches representing federal and private railways, the smaller branches being the coaches, and the smaller branches being the coaches, and the twigs being the urban transit operators running trams, city buses, boats, chairlifts and so on. But the trunk that holds the tree together is the vast postbus network, without which the whole network would not function.

There isn’t an inhabited place in Switzerland that cannot be reached by some sort of public transport. Federal law and the Swiss Constitution stipulate that every village with a population greater than 40 is entitled to regular bus services. The frequency of these services is directly related to population density. Timetables are put together four years in advance, and seldom change. If a new route is to be introduced, the population of the area affected is invited to vote in a referendum.

At times, postbuses are the main – sometimes the only – links between settlements. These coaches, often with a trailer in two to increase their capacity, are a common sight in high-altitude regions, and their signature sound – part of Rossini’s William Tell Overture , played by the drivers on three-tone post horns with electrical compressors at every road turn – is one of the most familiar Swiss sounds.

The three-tone horns can still be used to ‘talk’ to post offices (and each other) from a distance. By altering the combination of the tones, a driver can announce ‘departure of post’, ‘arrival of post’, ‘arrival of special post’, and so on – so much more romantic and often more reliable than radio or mobile phones. This musical ‘language’ started in the mid-nineteenth century, when the coach drivers could also blow their horns a certain number of times on approaching the station to indicate the number of horses needing to be fed, giving the stationmaster time to prepare the fodder.

The postbus history goes back to 1849, when the Swiss postal service was made a monopoly. The role of today’s modern yellow buses was, back then, played by horse-drawn carriages (or in winter by sleighs, in order to travel on snow), which were the same colour. By 1914, eight years after the first motor coaches were introduced, there were still 2,500 horses, 2,231 coaches (or carriages) and 1,059 sleighs in service.

After the First World War, Swiss Post bought a fleet of decommissioned military trucks which were converted into postbuses, but it was not until 1961 that the last horse-drawn coach was replaced with a motorised version.

Today, the Swiss Post Office boasts one of the world’s most advanced coach fleets, including fuel-cell models and the world’s first driverless bus. This was launched in 2015 in the town of Sion, the capital of the canton of Valais, one of the 26 cantons, or administrative regions, that make up the country.

Postbuses often go to places that other means of transport cannot reach. Most of the drivers therefore see themselves as educators and tour guides. Although it’s not in their job description, they’re likely to point out the sights – waterfalls, gorges, and so on – and are always ready to pull over for a photo opportunity.

Switzerland’s longest postbus journey, and one of the highest, crosses four mountain passes – an eight-hour trip undertaken by a single postbus. The route goes through several cantons; two languages (German and Italian); all four seasons – from burning sunshine to showers and heavy snowfalls; and countless places of interest. One of the passes, the Gotthard, is often described as ‘the People’s Road’, probably because it connects the German-speaking canton of Uri with Italian-speaking Ticino. Like Switzerland itself, postbuses ‘speak’ all four state languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh – and, by law, their automated intercom announcements are given in the language of whichever canton the bus is currently passing through.

Irrespective of their previous driving experience, drivers undergo lots of training. During the first year, they have to drive postbuses under the supervision of a more experienced driver. Only after two years of safe driving in the valleys can they be pronounced ready for a mountain bus.

Some routes are not at all busy, with the bus often carrying just two or three passengers at a time. But for most people living in small mountain villages, the postbus is of the utmost importance. It not only carries the villagers to town and back, it takes village children to and from school, delivers mail, transports milk from the village farms down to the valley, collects rubbish from the village (Swiss laws do not allow dumping anywhere in the mountains), and brings building materials to households. It takes elderly villagers to shops and carries their shopping up the hill to their homes. More a friend than just a means of transportation, for the dwellers of mountain villages the postbus is an essential part of life.

Questions 28-32

Choose the correct letter, A , B , C or D .

Write the correct letter in boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet.

28    When comparing the Swiss transportation system to a tree, the writer emphasises

A   the size of the postbus system.

B   how competitive the postbus system is.

C   how important the postbus system is.

D   the threat to the postbus system.

29    What is said about bus services in the second paragraph?

A   Villages have the chance to request more buses every four years.

B   New routes are often introduced to reflect an increase in population.

C   Bus timetables tend to change every four years.

D   The number of buses that call at a village depends on how many people live there.

30    According to the fourth paragraph, what were three-tone horns first used to indicate?

A   how many coach horses required food

B   how long the bus would stay at the station

C   how many passengers wanted a meal

D   how soon the bus would arrive at the station

31    What point does the writer make about the postbus drivers?

A   Many choose to give passengers information about the surroundings.

B   Most are proud of driving buses to places without other forms of transport.

C   They are required to inform passengers about the sights seen from the bus.

D   They are not allowed to stop for passengers to take photographs.

32    What is said about the buses’ automated announcements?

A   They are given in the language of the bus’s starting point.

B   The language they are given in depends on where the bus is at the time.

C   They are always given in all the four languages of Switzerland.

D   The language they are given in depends on the bus’s destination.

Questions 33-40

In boxes 33-40 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE               if the statement agrees with the information

NOT GIVEN    if there is no information on this

33   Some postbuses after the First World War were originally army vehicles.

34   The number of driverless buses has increased steadily since 2015.

35   On the longest postbus route in Switzerland, passengers have to change buses.

36   The weather on the longest postbus route is likely to include extreme weather conditions.

37   There is a widely used nickname for part of the longest route used by postbuses.

38   Bus drivers’ training can be shortened if they have driven buses before joining PostBus.

39   In some villages most passengers are school children.

40   Buses carry only rubbish that can be recycled. 

IELTS General Reading Test 07

Ielts general reading test 09, answer ielts general reading test 08.

12   NOT GIVEN

15   stadium

17   hygiene

18   storage

19   guaranteed

20   status

22   profits

23   trading

24   internet

25   invoices

27   penatly

34   NOT GIVEN

39   NOT GIVEN

40   NOT GIVEN

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IELTS GENERAL READING PRACTICE TESTS (with answers)

  • Thread starter Alexkane
  • Start date Dec 14, 2021

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GENERAL TRAINING Practice Reading Test 8

The best travel wallets

Want to do it later ?

Read the text below and answer Questions 1-8.

Keep all your bank cards, documents, passports and ID in one of these convenient carriers, which have been selected by Becca Meier.

A Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder

This zip-around wallet comes in five different patterns and is made of nylon. It also has a space where users can put a pen, pockets for cards, an ID window and a pocket for change.

B  Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet

This is a waterproof wallet, which uses anti-RFID (radio frequency identification) material so your financial details will be safe. It is black with smart sky-blue finishing touches and has a small internal compartment, a smartphone pocket and an external pocket. It can fit two passports.

C  Cath Kidston Breton Stripe

A wallet so slim it could easily pass for a small notebook. The inside compartment labels identifying each separate section all have silver lettering on them.The wallet has a special coating which makes it easy to wipe anything like sand off.

D   Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet

This wallet comes in smooth black leather, and is no bigger than a passport, but roomy enough for any insurance documents or flight tickets. A small navy-blue pen is supplied inside.

E   Radley Abbey Travel Wallet

This plain travel wallet opens up to reveal pockets in various colours labelled ‘cards’,’passport ‘and ‘tickets’, as well as others left blank for extras. It comes in a handy drawstring bag.

F  Gotravel Organiser

The black wallet features seven slip-in card compartments, two small interior zip pockets and a load of other slip-in compartments. It can fit at least four passports.

G   Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

This is a simple, very reasonably priced wallet. It is made of PVC plastic and will suit those who like a wallet that is easy to spot. It comes in a range of bright colours with a white holiday-related design on the front. It has five compartments that can fit a passport with other cards/tickets.

Questions 1-8

Look at the seven reviews of travel wallets,  A-G . For which travel wallet are the following statements true?

Write the correct letter,  A-G , in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

NB  You may use any letter more than once.

Q1: This wallet will suit people who prefer natural materials.

  • A. Kipling Travel Doc Travel Document Holder
  • B. Lifeventure Mini Travel Document Wallet
  • C. Cath Kidston Breton Stripe
  • D. Ted Baker Voyager’s Travel Wallet
  • E. Radley Abbey Travel Wallet
  • F. Gotravel Organiser
  • G. Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet

Q2: Users of this wallet do not need to worry about taking it out in the rain.

  • G. Gotravel Glo Travel Wallet 
  • Q5: Something is provided for writing.

Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.

UK rail services – how do I claim for my delayed train?

Generally, if you have been delayed on a train journey,you may be able to claim compensation,but train companies  all have different rules,so it can be confusing to work out what you’re entitled to.The type of delay you can claim for depends on whether the train company runs a Delay Repay scheme or a less generous,older-style scheme.

Delay Repay is a train operator scheme to compensate passengers when trains are late,and the train company will pay out even if it was not responsible for the delay.The scheme varies between companies,but up to 2016 most paid 50 percent of the single ticket cost for 30 minutes’ delay and 100 percent for an hour.On the London Underground, you get a full refund for 15-minute delays.

Companies that do not use Delay Repay and still use the older scheme will not usually pay compensation if the problem is considered to be out of their control.But it is still worth asking them for compensation,as some may pay out.You are unlikely to get compensation for a delay if any of the following occur:

  • Accidents involving people getting onto the line illegally
  • Gas leaks or fires in buildings next to the line which were not caused by a train company
  • Line closures at the request of the emergency services
  • Exceptionally severe weather conditions
  • Strike action

National Rail Conditions of Travel state that you are entitled to compensation in the same form that you paid for the ticket.Some train companies are still paying using rail vouchers,which they are allowed to do if you do not ask for a cash refund.

Since 2016,rail passengers have acquired further rights for compensation  through the Consumer Rights Act.This means that passengers could now be eligible for compensation due to:a severely overcrowded train with too few carriages available;a consistently late running service;and a service that is delayed for less than the time limit that applied under existing compensation schemes.

However, in order to exercise their rights beyond the existing compensation schemes,for instance Delay Repay,and where the train operating company refuses to compensate despite letters threatening court action,passengers may need to bring their claims to a court of law.

Questions 9-14

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text ? In boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE   if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE   if the statement contradicts the information

NOT   GIVEN   if there is no information on this

Q9: The system for claiming compensation varies from one company to another.

Q10: Under Delay Repay, a train company will only provide compensation if it caused the delay.

Q11: Under Delay Repay, underground and other train companies give exactly the same amounts of money in compensation.

Q12: An increasing number of train companies are willing to pay compensation for problems they are not responsible for

Q13: It is doubtful whether companies using the older scheme will provide compensation if a delay is caused by a strike.

Q14: Passengers may receive compensation in the form of a train voucher if they forget to request cash.

Read the text below and answer Questions 15-19.

Vacancy for food preparation assistant

Durrant House pie runs restaurants and cafes as concessions in airports, train stations and other busy environments around the country.We currently have a vacancy for a food preparation assistant in our restaurant at Locksley Stadium,serving football fans and concert-goers before,during and after events.In addition,we cater for private parties several times a week.If you have relevant experience and a passion for preparing food to a very high standard,we’ll be delighted to hear from you.You must be able to multitask and to work in a fast-paced environment.It goes without saying that working as an effective and supportive member of a team is essential, so you need to be happy in this type of work.

The role includes the usual responsibilities,such as treating hygiene as your number  one priority, cleaning work areas,and doing whatever is required to provide food of excellent quality.The person appointed will carry out a range of tasks, including ensuring all raw food items are fresh,preparing vegetables to be cooked,making sure frozen food products are used in rotation,and throwing away any food products that are near or have passed their expiry date.He or she will be required to familiarise themselves with the storage system,so as to put food product supplies in the proper place and retrieve them in the right order.In particular, we are looking for someone with skill at baking,to play a large role in the production of pies and cakes.

Given the nature of the venue,working hours vary from week to week, depending on the events being held,and will often involve starting early in the morning or finishing late at night.You can expect to work an average of around 18 hours a week,although this cannot be guaranteed.You will also have the opportunity to work in another of our sites for one or two days a week,or for longer periods,and will be paid for ten days of holidays a year. Training will be provided in food safety.

If this sounds like the job for you,please contact Jo Simmons at [email protected]

Questions 15-19 Complete the notes below.  Choose  ONE WORD ONLY  from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 15-19 on your answer sheet.

Q15:  Locatio n   o f   restaurant:  in a  15

Q16:  must enjoy working in a  1 6

Q17:  maintaining high standards of  17 and quality

Q18:  learning the procedure for the  1 8 of food

Q19:  working hours are not  19

Read the text below and answer Questions 20-27.

Setting up a business partnership in the UK

Two or more people can go into business together by setting up either a limited company or a partnership.A partnership is the easier way to get started,and simply links two or more people together in a simple business structure.Unlike a limited company, a partnership doesn’t have a separate legal status.The partners are usually self-employed individuals,although a limited company counts as a ‘legal person’ and can also be a partner.

In a partnership, you and your partner or partners personally share responsibility for your business. This means, among other things, that if your business cannot afford to pay its debts, you must pay them yourselves. Again, this is not the case with a limited company. Partners share the business’s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

When you set up a business partnership you need to choose a name. You can trade under your own names, for example, ‘Smith and Jones’, or you can choose another name for your business. You don’t need to register your name. However, you should register your name as a trademark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

Business partnership names must not include ‘limited’, ‘Ltd’, ‘limited liability partnership’, LLP’, ‘public limited company’ or ‘pic’, be offensive, or be the same as an existing trademark. Your name also can’t suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission. There is no central database of partnership names in the UK, so to avoid using the same name as another business, it is advisable to search on the internet for the name you are considering.

You must include all the partners’ names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices.

You must choose a ‘nominated partner’ who is responsible for registering your partnership with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC),the government department responsible for the collection of taxes.This person is responsible for managing the partnership’s tax returns and keeping business records.Alternatively,you can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

All partners need to register with HMRC separately and send their own tax returns as individuals.

You must register by 5 October in your business’s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.

You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than £85,000. You can choose to register if it’s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

Questions  20 – 27

Complete  the  sentences  below .

Choose  ONE  WORD  ONLY  from  the  text  for  each  answer .

Write  your  answers  in  boxes  20 – 27  on  your  answer  sheet .

Q20: A partnership is different from a limited company in not having its own as a legal body.

Q21:  The partners are personally responsible for paying all the partnership’s

Q22:  The partnership’s are divided between the partners

Q23: Registering the partnership’s name prevents others from using that name when

Q24:  The best way to find out if a name is already in use is to use the

Q25:  The names of the partners and the partnership must appear on and other documents.

Q26:  You must have a nominated partner, or someone to act as your ,for all contact with HMRC.

Q27:  You will have to pay a if you miss the deadline for registering the partnership.

SECTION 3: Questions 28-40 Read the text below and answer Questions 28-40.

THE ROLE OF THE SWISS POSTBUS

The Swiss PostBus Limited is the largest of the country’s 78 coach companies. Administered by the Motor Services Department of the Post Office, it carries over 120 million passengers each year and is carefully integrated with other public transport services: trains, boats and mountain cableways. The Swiss transportation system resembles a tree, with the larger branches representing federal and private railways, the smaller branches being the coaches, and the twigs being the urban transit operators running trams, city buses, boats, chairlifts and so on. But the trunk that holds the tree together is the vast postbus network, without which the whole network would not function. 

There isn’t an inhabited place in Switzerland that cannot be reached by some sort of public transport. Federal law and the Swiss Constitution stipulate that every village with a population greater than 40 is entitled to regular bus services. The frequency of these services is directly related to population density. Timetables are put together four years in advance, and seldom change. If a new route is to be introduced, the population of the area affected is invited to vote in a referendum.

At times, postbuses are the main — sometimes the only — links between settlements. These coaches, often with a trailer in tow to increase their capacity, are a common sight in high-altitude regions, and their signature sound — part of Rossini’s William Tell Overturn, played by the drivers on three-tone post horns with electrical compressors at every road turn — is one of the most familiar Swiss sounds.

The three-tone horns can still be used to ‘talk’ to post offices (and each other) from a distance. By altering the combination of the tones, a driver can announce ‘departure of post1, ‘arrival of post’, ‘arrival of special post’, and so on – so much more romantic and often more reliable than radio or mobile phones. This musical ‘language’ started in the mid-nineteenth century, when the coach drivers could also blow their horns a certain number of times on approaching the station to indicate the number of horses needing to be fed, giving the stationmaster time to prepare the fodder.

The postbus history goes back to 1849, when the Swiss postal service was made a monopoly. The role of today’s modern yellow buses was,back then, played by horse-drawn carriages (or in winter by sleighs, in order to travel on snow), which were the same colour. By 1914, eight years after the first motor coaches were introduced, there were still 2,500 horses, 2,231 coaches (or carriages) and 1,059 sleighs in service.

After the First World War, Swiss Post bought a fleet of decommissioned military trucks which were converted into postbuses, but it was not until 1961 that the last horse-drawn coach was replaced with a motorised version. Today, the Swiss Post Office boasts one of the worlds most advanced coach fleets, including fuel-cell models and the world’s first driverless bus. This was launched in 2015 in the town of Sion, the capital of the canton of Valais, one of the 26 cantons, or administrative regions, that make up the country.

Postbuses often go to places that other means of transport cannot reach. Most of the drivers therefore see themselves as educators and tour guides. Although it’s not in their job description, they’re likely to point out the sights — waterfalls, gorges, and so on — and are always ready to pull over for a photo opportunity.

Switzerland’s longest postbus journey, and one of the highest, crosses four mountain passes – an eight-hour trip undertaken by a single postbus. The route goes through several cantons; two languages (German and Italian); all four seasons – from burning sunshine to showers and heavy snowfalls; and countless places of interest, One of the passes, the Gotthard, is often described as ‘the People’s Road’, probably because it connects the German-speaking canton of Uri with Italian-speaking Ticino. Like Switzerland itself, postbuses ‘speak’ all four state languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh – and by law, their automated intercom announcements are given in the  language of whichever canton the bus is currently passing through.

Irrespective of their previous driving experience, drivers undergo lots of training. During the first year, they have, to drive postbuses under the supervision of a more experienced driver. Only after two years of safe driving in the valleys can they be pronounced ready for a mountain bus.

Some routes are not at all busy, with the bus often carrying just two or three passengers at a time. But for most people living in small mountain villages, the postbus is of the utmost importance. It not only carries the villagers to town and back, it takes village children to and from school, delivers mail, transports milk from the village farms down to the valley, collects rubbish from the village (Swiss laws do not allow dumping anywhere in the mountains), and brings building materials to households. It takes elderly villagers to shops and carries their shopping up the hill to their homes. More a friend than just a means of transportation, for the dwellers of mountain villages the postbus is an essential part of life.

Questions 28-32 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. Write the correct letter in boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet.

28. When comparing the Swiss transportation system to a tree, the writer emphasises

A the size of the postbus system. B how competitive the postbus system is. C how important the postbus system is. D the threat to the postbus system.

29. What is said about bus services in the second paragraph?

A Villages have the chance to request more buses every four years. B New routes are often introduced to reflect an increase in population. C Bus timetables tend to change every four years. D The number of buses that call at a village depends on how many people live there

30. According to the fourth paragraph, what were three-tone horns first used to indicate?

A how many coach horses required food B how long the bus would stay at the station C how many passengers wanted a meal D how soon the bus would arrive at the station

31. What point does the writer make about the postbus drivers?

A Many choose to give passengers information about the surroundings. B Most are proud of driving buses to places without other forms of transport. C They are required to inform passengers about the sights seen from the bus. D They are not allowed to stop for passengers to take photographs.

32. What is said about the buses’ automated announcements?

A They are given in the language of the bus’s starting point. B The language they are given in depends on where the bus is at the time. C They are always given in all the four languages of Switzerland. D The language they are given in depends on the bus’s destination.

Questions 33-40 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text on pages 92 and 93? in boxes 33-40 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

33. Some postbuses after the First World War were originally army vehicles. 34. The number of driverless buses has increased steadily since 2015. 35. On the longest postbus route in Switzerland, passengers have to change buses. 36. The weather on the longest postbus route is likely to include extreme weather conditions. 37. There is a widely used nickname for part of the longest route used by postbuses. 38. Bus drivers’ training can be shortened if they have driven buses before joining Postbus. 39. In some villages most passengers are school children. 40. Buses carry only rubbish that can be recycled.

The best travel wallets Reading Answers

SECTION 1  

2. B 3. C 4. F

12. Not given 

SECTION 2  

15. Stadium 16. Team 17. Hygiene 18. Storage 19. Guaranteed 20. Status 21. Debts 22. Profits 23. Trading 24. Internet 25. Invoices 26. Agent 27. Penalty

SECTION 3  

28. C 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. True 34. Not given 35. False 36. True 37. True 38. False 39. Not give 40. Not given

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