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Visit the Pyramids of Giza Without Even Leaving Your Couch

By ellen gutoskey | apr 15, 2021.

If going to the Giza Plateau in person is the ultimate way to experience the ancient Pyramids of Giza, Harvard University’s Digital Giza is at least the next best thing.

As Nerdist reports , Digital Giza is an offshoot of Harvard’s Giza Project , an international endeavor to catalog and consolidate archives and information about the Giza Plateau from all over the world. Researchers have used this data to create a digital platform with 3D models, virtual walking tours, and other free interactive resources to help people explore the region from afar.

You can, for example, amble around the largest of the three pyramids, commissioned by King Khufu around 2550 BCE and also known as the Great Pyramid . Not only is it the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, it’s also the only one that still exists (That said, historians aren’t sure that some of them ever existed at all—hard evidence of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and the Colossus of Rhodes, for example, has proven difficult to find.) The other two pyramids that tower over the rest of the plateau are the Pyramid of Khafre and the Pyramid of Menkaure, built by (and named for) Khufu’s son and grandson, respectively.

Digital Giza offers plenty of sites to explore beyond those three edifices. The Great Sphinx , thought to have been built during Khafre’s reign, is also a must-see. While it’s currently the same sandy color as the rest of the plateau, pigment residue suggests that it might’ve once been painted red, blue, yellow, and perhaps other vibrant hues. The platform also has virtual tours of several extravagant tombs, complete with details about the art and sculptures you see inside.

If you’re interested in an immersive (and educational) virtual vacation, you can explore Digital Giza here .

[h/t Nerdist ]

360° Tour inside the Great Pyramid of Giza (Video)

• Read Later  

The BBC's 360° tour through the Great Pyramid of Giza , one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, provides viewers with an immersive virtual reality experience. The video tour starts in the heart of the pyramid, the ceremonial passage known as the Grand Gallery, and continues to the King's Chamber . The precision and architectural brilliance of the pyramid become evident as the viewers navigate through the narrow, low-roofed passages of this over 4,500-year-old edifice.

The video also explores the mysterious subterranean chamber, a feature of the pyramid normally closed off to the public. This enigmatic section is hewn out of the bedrock below ground level and, unlike the smooth surfaces found elsewhere in the pyramid, has rough and irregular walls. The purpose of this chamber and its unusual features, including a strange deep shaft and a short tunnel that ends abruptly, remain a mystery. Despite the enduring secrets it holds, the Great Pyramid , thanks to technological advances in virtual reality, now also shines as a marvel in the virtual world, giving us an unprecedented look into its fascinating interiors.

• Great White Pyramid: Did You know Giza’s Great Pyramid Was Once Dazzling White?
• The Hidden Message in Khafre’s Pyramid: What Were the Builders Trying to Tell Us?

Top image: Stairway inside the Great Pyramid, Egypt. Source:  witthaya / Adobe Stock.

By Joanna Gillan

Joanna Gillan is a Co-Owner, Editor and Writer of Ancient Origins. 

Joanna completed a Bachelor of Science (Psychology) degree in Australia and published research in the field of Educational Psychology. She has a rich and varied career, ranging from teaching... Read More

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Take an 360° Interactive Tour Inside the Great Pyramid of Giza

in Architecture , History | July 31st, 2020 1 Comment

You can’t take it with you if you’ve got noth­ing to take with you.

Once upon a time, the now-emp­ty  Great Pyra­mid of Giza  was sump­tu­ous­ly appoint­ed inside and out, to ensure that Pharaoh Khu­fu, or Cheops as he was known to the Ancient Greeks, would be well received in the after­life.

Bling was a seri­ous thing.

Thou­sand of years fur­ther on, cin­e­mat­ic por­tray­als have us con­vinced that tomb raiders were greedy 19th- and 20th-cen­tu­ry cura­tors, eager­ly fill­ing their vit­rines with stolen arti­facts.

There’s some truth to that, but mod­ern Egyp­tol­o­gists are fair­ly con­vinced that Khufu’s pyra­mid was loot­ed short­ly after his reign, by oppor­tunists look­ing to grab some good­ies for their jour­ney to the after­life.

At any rate, it’s been picked clean.

Per­haps one day, we 21st-cen­tu­ry cit­i­zens can opt in to a pyra­mid expe­ri­ence akin to  Rome Reborn , a dig­i­tal crutch for our fee­ble imag­i­na­tion to help us past the emp­ty sar­coph­a­gus and bare walls that have defined the world’s old­est tourist attraction’s inte­ri­ors for … well, not quite ever, but cer­tain­ly for  Flaubert ,  Mark Twain , and 12th-cen­tu­ry schol­ar  Abd al-Latif .

Fast for­ward­ing to 2017, the  BBC’s Rajan Datar  host­ed “ Secrets of the Great Pyra­mid ,” a pod­cast episode fea­tur­ing Egyp­tol­o­gist  Sal­i­ma Ikram , space archae­ol­o­gist  Dr Sarah Par­cak , and archae­ol­o­gist, Dr  Joyce Tyldes­ley .

The experts were keen to clear up a major mis­con­cep­tion that the 4600-year-old pyra­mid was built by aliens or enslaved labor­ers, rather than a per­ma­nent staff of archi­tects and engi­neers, aid­ed by Egypt­ian civil­ians eager to barter their labor for meat, fish, beer, and tax abate­ment.

Datar’s ques­tion about a scan­ning project that would bring fur­ther insight into the Pyra­mid of Giza­’s con­struc­tion and lay­out was met with excite­ment.

This attrac­tion, old as it is, has plen­ty of new secrets to be dis­cov­ered.

We’re hap­py to share with you, read­ers, that 3 years after that episode was taped, the future is here.

The scan­ning is com­plete.

Wit­ness the BBC’s 360° tour inside the Great Pyra­mid of Giza.

Use your mouse to crane your neck, if you like.

As of this writ­ing, you  could   tour the pyra­mid in per­son , should you wish—the usu­al touris­tic hoards are def­i­nite­ly dialed down.

But, giv­en the con­ta­gion, per­haps bet­ter to tour the King’s Cham­ber, the Queen’s Cham­ber, and the Grand Gallery vir­tu­al­ly, above.

(An inter­est­ing tid­bit: the pyra­mid was more dis­tant to the ancient Romans than the Colos­se­um is to us.)

Lis­ten to the BBC’s “Secrets of the Great Pyra­mid” episode  here .

Tour the Great Pyra­mid of Giza  here .

Relat­ed Con­tent:

What the Great Pyra­mid of Giza Would’ve Looked Like When First Built: It Was Gleam­ing, Reflec­tive White

How the Egypt­ian Pyra­mids Were Built: A New The­o­ry in 3D Ani­ma­tion

The Met Dig­i­tal­ly Restores the Col­ors of an Ancient Egypt­ian Tem­ple, Using Pro­jec­tion Map­ping Tech­nol­o­gy

Ayun Hal­l­i­day  is an author, illus­tra­tor, the­ater mak­er and Chief Pri­ma­tol­o­gist of  the East Vil­lage Inky  zine.  Fol­low her  @AyunHalliday .

by Ayun Halliday | Permalink | Comments (1) |

Related posts:

Comments (1), 1 comment so far.

Absolute­ly love this. I hope to see a video of the Great Pyra­mid as it was when it was com­plete­ly whole.

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The tour begins by having you enter through a tunnel believed to have been created by robbers in 820 CE.

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The tour begins entering through a tunnel like this. Image credit: diy13/shutterstock.com

You can now take a look inside the Great Pyramid of Giza in a 3D digital tour . The pyramid, also known as Khufu Pyramid, was photographed by researchers to create the tour of the three interior chambers.

Included in the tour is the King's chamber at the top of the pyramid, the Queen's chamber in the middle, and a subterranean chamber of unknown purpose. 

The pyramid – about the size of an asteroid that NASA smashed a spaceship into earlier this year – is the largest of the Egyptian pyramids and the tomb of Fourth Dynasty pharaoh Khufu. 

Khufu began the construction of the pyramid, now the oldest of the seven wonders of the world, around 2550 BCE. The pyramid used approximately 2.3 million stone blocks, weighing an average of 2.5 to 15 tons each. Getting the materials there was a task in itself, with 8,000 tons of granite imported from Aswan, more than 800 kilometers (500 miles) away.

Thought for years to have been built by slaves, in the 1990s discoveries at the nearby Khafre and Menkaure pyramids suggested that the pyramids were in fact built by paid laborers.

In the cemetery , workers were found in mud-brick tombs filled with beer and bread to take with them to the afterlife, while examining their remains showed that they had a meat-rich diet that would be enviable of other workers at the time, and would not have been afforded to slaves.

Further  analysis of the workers' remains found that they had been given medical treatment, from bone-setting to evidence of brain surgery on a tumor . One worker was found to have had his leg amputated through surgery, living a further 14 years after the operation.

Thousands of workers moved the blocks astonishing distances by ox and boat, and may have been dragged on sleds by workers across wet sand , reducing the amount of force they'd need to shift them. 

All to create what is now quite a neat 3D tour .

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Discover the secrets of Egypt’s Great Pyramid on this new virtual tour

A new tool gives you access to the inside chambers of one of the Ancient Wonders of the World

Always wanted have a look around an Egyptian pyramid but never quite managed to go all the way to Giza? Here’s your chance for a sneak peek. You can now take a free virtual tour of the Great Pyramid of Giza – and, even online, it’s pretty spectacular.

On a website called Giza.Mused , the tour gives viewers a comprehensive look into one of Egypt’s most famous pyramids. It renders the ‘entire interior’ in digital 3-D form, taking virtual tour attendees through the king’s chamber at the top, the queen’s chamber in the middle and a subterranean chamber, which is cut into the bedrock beneath. 

So what’s so special about the Great Pyramid of Giza – despite, obviously, it being ‘great’ and all? Well, it’s the biggest pyramid in Egypt and stands at just over 138 metres tall. Built about 4,600 years ago, it houses the tomb of fourth dynasty pharaoh Khufu and is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World (and the only Ancient Wonder still standing).

In other words, it’s a pretty sweet place to get a virtual tour of. Giza.Mused doubles up as a fascinating history lesson, with facts about everything from its construction and location to the current entrance, which was apparently dug by robbers in the ninth century.

You can do the tour for yourself here – and get fantasising about just how incredible it would be to see the pyramids IRL.

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Students wearing 3D glasses take a virtual tour of ancient Egypt in Peter Der Manuelian’s “Pyramid Schemes” class.

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Digital Giza Project lets scholars virtually visit sites in Egypt and beyond, and even print them in 3D

Four thousand years ago, a member of Egypt’s elite was buried on the Giza Plateau in an elaborate stone tomb, complete with several rooms and underground chambers.

Then, in 1912, a team from Harvard University and the Museum of Fine Arts (MFA) in Boston excavated the tomb, of a type called a mastaba , and brought back with them a limestone wall from its chapel.

The wall, housed at the MFA, is inscribed with images of the deceased, an official named Akh-meret-nesut, and his family in various poses — sitting, leaning on a staff, throwing a lasso.

Today, more than a century later, Harvard doctoral student Inês Torres wants to know as much as she can about Akh-meret-nesut: who he was, what he did, and why he was buried on the Giza Plateau in the shadow of the pyramids long after pharaohs’ burials there had ceased.

But Torres faces a problem familiar to many scholars studying ancient Egypt: getting access to what she’s studying. With part of the tomb in Boston and part in Egypt, she’d have to time travel to see it intact. Other scholars may face different hurdles, but the problem is the same: Documents and images are held in faraway archives, artifacts and other relics of ancient Egypt have been dispersed, stolen, or destroyed, and tombs and monuments have been dismantled, weather-worn, or locked away behind passages filled in when an excavation closes.

Hurdles can also be economic: The object of study may be intact, but the plane fare and expenses of living for weeks in the field or lodged in the cities — Cairo, London, Berlin, Paris, Boston — that are home to museums with large Egyptian collections hard to come by.

It was with scholars like these in mind that Digital Giza Project was born.

The project was created in 2000 by Peter Der Manuelian , who at the time was on the curatorial staff at the MFA. A scholar of ancient Egypt, Manuelian said his initial vision was to create a digital record of the work of Harvard’s legendary Egyptology Professor and MFA curator George Reisner and the Harvard-MFA Expedition he led. The expedition was one of the major academic archaeological efforts at Giza and other sites in Egypt during the early 1900s.

Reisner, who led the expedition for more than 40 years, dug at 23 sites, and Manuelian soon realized that just digitizing material relating to the vast finds on the Giza Plateau — which includes not only the pyramids and the Sphinx, but also associated temples, nearby cemeteries, and even a workers’ village — would be a career-long challenge. In 2010, he moved to Harvard to become the Philip J. King Professor of Egyptology and director of the Harvard Semitic Museum , and he brought the Giza Project with him.

The project staff’s ambition has since expanded to include not just Reisner’s work at Giza, but that of other archaeologists at the site as well, making it a comprehensive resource for Giza archaeology. It contains some 77,000 images, 21,000 of them Harvard University-MFA Expedition glass-plate negatives, and 10,000 of Manuelian’s own images. It has published manuscripts as well as unpublished expedition records, dig diaries, object record books, and sketches and drawings made by the archaeologists doing the digging. In January, during Harvard’s winter recess, Manuelian visited Egypt and collected another 5,000 digital images — including panoramic photos — of Giza and related objects in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

A key feature of the Giza Project is the fact that the material it holds is cross-referenced online, allowing a researcher to seamlessly move from a 3D image of an object to scholarly articles about it to diary pages by the archaeologist who discovered it.

“For people who focus on this particular period, this is the main resource for them to go to,” Manuelian said. “It’s thrown the doors wide open to this material that was previously only in the publications that Reisner lived long enough to finish.”

As the work has advanced, so has technology. Manuelian’s vision has expanded to include 3D re-creations of statues and artifacts that allow researchers to view them online, rotate them, and zoom in on specific features. Looking to the future, he said, 3D models’ source codes could be made available, which would allow distant scholars with access to 3D printers to create their own physical models.

“All of this allows us to ask new questions and to put the data together in ways not possible before and to make intelligent links,” Manuelian said. “If someone gets a grant and decides to go to the MFA and look through their records, good luck. There’s just so much, it’s overwhelming. If you go to Giza today, a tomb may have been reburied or vandalized, or is in not as good shape as it was in 1916. Objects might have gone to the basement of the Cairo museum, never to be seen again.

“With our attempt to put this all together digitally, with diaries and maps and plans and things, it allows you, first of all, convenient access to the data and then you can start to notice patterns.”

The Giza Projects’ 3D modeling extends beyond artifacts to locations. Manuelian’s team has already created video-game-like 3D versions of the entire Giza Plateau, with the Khafre pyramid, the Sphinx, and several temples and tombs posted so far and more to come. Those models can be accessed from the Digital Giza website and toured using controls on a laptop or desktop computer. Other re-creations, using high-resolution photographs of tombs’ interiors, let visitors walk through virtual burial chambers using stereo headsets. Visitors can move around inside the tombs and even walk up to a wall to examine a particular relief or other detail. About 20 tombs have been modeled in detail so far, with hundreds more to go.

“My hope is eventually to fly drones over the site, documenting everything from the air,” Manuelian said. “And complementing that with walks up and down the ‘streets’ [between rows of tombs] creating 360-degree panoramic visualizations, all linked to the more-traditional archaeological data that we have already assembled.”

For someone like Torres, studying a tomb that has one room in Boston and the rest in Egypt, a virtual model is the only way to see the intact structure, so she’s planning on creating one as part of her doctoral work.

“This tomb is divided between two countries,” she said. “3D modeling is the only way we can put it back together again.”

The overarching goal, Manuelian said, is to make scholarship in Egyptology more accessible than ever. And, while digital images may not fully replace the real thing, he said, foundational study can be conducted using the wide array of material presented by the project, allowing scholars to conserve scarce resources for when they’re essential.

The project’s 3D re-creations and data visualizations, together with the capabilities of the Harvard Visualization Center, also allow the Giza Project to give students a unique educational experience. Last fall, Manuelian gathered his students in a tomb in cyber space, using the center’s virtual reality headsets, and linked the class to students in Zhejiang University in China. Students’ avatars gathered at the virtual site — in this case, the Sphinx — with the technology, allowing Manuelian to act as a cyber tour guide.

“The project is all of these diverse approaches,” Manuelian said. “It’s a traditional database and website. It’s the intelligent linking of this photo to that tomb to this diary page. It’s the 3D modeling as we try to build more and more of the necropolis all the time. And it’s ultimately intended to enable the kind of remote teaching — what I call educational telepresence — where we can all be at Giza virtually and visiting the site and having a lecture inside a decorated tomb chapel no matter where you live.”

Torres said there is an irony to studying Giza: It is one of the world’s most famous archaeological sites, but in many ways it is still unknown. While the pyramids and Sphinx are world-famous, and have been for centuries, in their shadow new tombs are still being uncovered, while known tombs, workers’ houses, and other sites are yet to be fully explored and studied.

“Giza is such a well-known site, but in some sense, it’s understudied,” Torres said. “Because the pyramids are so amazing, the things all around them fade.”

With so much work to be done, the access to digitized documents and materials might inspire scholars curious about ancient Egypt but without access to the sites themselves or a major Egyptological library to take up the job.

“I think that’s the way to go forward, to make sure everyone has access,” Torres said. “Possibly there are geniuses who don’t have a great library and could do something wonderful with the information.”

Another graduate student, Hilo Sugita, plans to study the sarcophagi found at Giza. Using the Giza Project’s data, she can examine photographs of inscriptions, find their original locations within tombs, and even create 3D models.

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“We have photographs, journals, glass negatives, letters, artifacts, publications,” Sugita said. “I think the Digital Giza Project is amazing because we’re trying to collect all the data about Giza everywhere and make it available on the website. You don’t have to go to the MFA, you don’t have to travel to Berlin.”

Technology’s advance is not without challenges, however. The digitization of archaeology, Manuelian said, is something like “the Wild West,” with competing file formats and uncertainty about how the growing data troves will be translated into next-generation software.

In addition, standards for what goes into a 3D re-creation are loose. Should a digital model reflect the state of a tomb as it was found, for example, or is it OK to color in reliefs on the walls to match paint residue found there? How far should digital re-creations go in filling in missing details, some of which are backed by scholarship, but others of which are more speculative, driven by knowledge of common practice rather than evidence at that specific site?

Early in the spring term, Manuelian gave students in his Gen Ed “Pyramid Schemes” class, which provides an overview of ancient Egypt, a glimpse of Giza using Giza Project models. The students visited the Harvard Visualization Center’s home on the second floor of the Geological Museum building, which is equipped with a curved floor-to-ceiling screen occupying one full wall and a suite of 3D and virtual reality tools.

He gave them a tour of both the technology — which can depict sites in detail — and the archaeology, showing them three-dimensional re-creations viewed with 3D glasses and letting them walk through a tomb via a virtual-reality headset.

Manuelian also encouraged students to not only soak up the experience, but to think about the challenges inherent in such an approach, where it might further education and scholarship, and what its shortcomings might be. And, with so much work still to do, he also made a pitch.

“This is a project that is waiting for people like you,” he said.

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Queen Meresankh III is the owner of the 4th Dynasty mastaba …

Go Inside the Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid, or the Pyramid of Khufu, is an ancient …

Great Sphinx

The Great Sphinx of Egypt is a limestone statue of a …

The Tomb of Idu (G 7102)

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Great Pyramid of Giza Virtual Tour

Hey there! Thank you for joining me again for another insane virtual tour! On today’s virtual tour we are going to visit one of the seven wonders of the world, the Great Pyramid of Giza. There is so much conspiracy on how this pyramid was built and that is because of its insane size and time period it was erected. It has been said that this pyramid is perhaps the most colossal single building ever erected on the planet.

The Great Pyramid of Giza stands at 481 feet tall and is 755 feet long on each side. It is made up on limestone and granite blocks that when you see you think, how the hell did people move these without machine power?

Approximately 2.3 million blocks of stone were cut, transported, and assembled to create this 6.5-million-ton structure, which is a masterpiece of technical skill and engineering ability. The biggest feat to me being that they had no technical resources and no machine powered equipment to help them. The Great Pyramid of Giza was built my brute force and strategy.

As you can see the outside of the Great Pyramid has deteriorated a lot. It used to be covered in a white shiny limestone that would sparkle when the sunlight hit it. You can see the last of this limestone at the very top of the pyramid giving it a little shiny cap.

This virtual tour of the Great Pyramid will start at the main entrance, which is on the north side, about 60 feet above ground level. Once inside, you will find an original descending corridor that will come to a fork where you can either go straight, up, or down.

Meet me in there I can not wait to show you aGreat Pyramid of Giza Virtual Tour!

The Grand Gallery

As we enter the Great Pyramid of Khufu, we go down a shallow ramp and come to a crossroads. We can either continue going down, to the Subterranean Chamber, or we can go up on an ascending passageway up towards the Queen’s Chamber, Grand Gallery, and eventually to the King’s Chamber.

Let us go up the ascending passageway right now. As we reach the top of this passageway we come to a grand opening. This is the Grand Gallery.

Archaeologists and other scientists have tried to figure out what the use of the Grand Gallery in the Great Pyramid of Giza was for, but that is tough to figure out without any fellow Egyptians to ask. One theory is that the Grand Gallery served as an observation point for astronomers to use to map out the stars and constellations. This would only have been while the Great Pyramid was under construction and the roof was not complete yet. Historians came up with this theory because they Great Pyramid is directly aligned with the constellations.

The theory I have always heard is that the Grand Gallery was used to haul the massive granite stones up the Great Pyramid and to the King’s Chamber. This one just makes more sense to me because I believe the incredible size of the Grand Gallery had to have some functional use. It is also the hallway leading up to the King’s Chamber, which is our next stop. The Grand Gallery also just could be a grand entrance into the King’s Chamber because the King was such a prominent figure and they wanted to give him the most royal entrance they could. Although who knows the real purpose, all we can do now is speculate!

Next stop on the Great Pyramid of Giza Virtual Tour is the King’s Chamber. Head up the steep staircase and I will meet you there!

Don’t forget to check out our other virtual tour adventures here !

The King’s Chamber

Watch your head as you step into the King’s Chamber. This low entrance opens up into a large, gorgeous room. This room is entirely lined and roofed in granite. It is the only room in the Great Pyramid where granite is used instead of limestone. That tells us that whoever was buried in here had to be a King.

Right now, we are directly in the middle of the Great Pyramid. If you want to get freaked out just think about how much wait in rock is on top of us right now. I hope you are not claustrophobic! The King’s Chamber in the Great Pyramid measures 10.45 meters by 5.20 meters and is 5.80 meters tall.

Above the King’s Chamber are five compartments separated by massive horizontal granite slabs. No one knows the exact purpose of these granite slabs up there, but it has been assumed by scientists that the slabs were intended to shield the ceiling of the burial chamber by diverting the weight of the pyramid above it. It would explain how there could be a hollow room under all the force of the rock on top of it.

This being the room where the King was buried, it can be assumed that it used to be filled with extravagant items and gold. It is now bare after hundreds of years of robbers and looters. The mummified King even got removed from his own tomb! I don’t know about you but after all the movies I have seen, there is no way I am going anywhere near a mummy! All that is left is the sarcophagus where the King was laid to rest. If you are wondering what a sarcophagus is (like I was), it is pretty much an Egyptian coffin.

The sarcophagus is huge, it is estimated to be 3.75 tons. Compared to other features in the Great Pyramid of Giza, this tomb is not well finished. There are clear saw marks on the outside, and it appears they cut too deep on multiple occasions. The top of the sarcophagus is also missing which probably went away with the King’s mummy.

Also in the King’s Chamber are two air shafts that are tiny tunnels diverting upwards to the outside of the Great pyramid. It is unknown whether these are meant for air ventilation or have some other religious purpose.

Let’s head back out and down the Grand Gallery. Next stop on the Great Pyramid of Giza Virtual Tour is the Queen’s Chamber!

The Queen’s Chamber

As we get to the bottom of the Grand Gallery, we need to make a U-turn and head back into the middle of the Great Pyramid of Giza. The Queen’s Chamber is right below the King’s Chamber. Although it sounds contradictory, this chamber was not meant to house any Queens. The King’s Queens would have gotten their own smaller burial pyramids outside or in front of the Great Pyramid of Giza. The Queen’s Chamber was only named this by the first people who discovered it.

The Queen’s Chamber in the Great Pyramid of Giza is made entirely of beautifully crafted limestone rocks. It sits on the 25 th level of the pyramid (think of each row of rock as one level). The walls in here are bare, again with no artwork, no murals, and no carvings except one niche in the east wall. People have speculated that this niche is all the remains of a statue that stood here of the King.

Historians have theorized that this room would have been sealed off and only used as a room for the King’s spiritual soul. The ancient Egyptians were very spiritual people, so this is the likely reason for the chamber to exist.

In 1872 an explorer found three strange objects in the Queen’s Chamber: a granite sphere, a wooden slat, and a copper hook. It has been since determined that these objects were used as tools of some sort.

That’s all for the Queen’s Chamber, head back to the entrance and we will go check out the basement of the Great Pyramid of Giza otherwise known as the Subterranean Chamber.

Check out our other blogs here !

The Subterranean Chamber

The Subterranean Chamber of the Great Pyramid of Giza is accessed from a descending passageway starting at the entrance of the pyramid. It is a very unfinished chamber compared to the other two chambers in the pyramid. This Subterranean Chamber lies 90 feet below the surface of the ground and is under the pressure of 2.3 million blocks of stone weighing about 6.5 million tons.

Original workers have chipped away at the limestone bedrock to build what was thought to be the original burial chamber for the King. Historians believe the chamber is so unfinished because the King suddenly decided he wanted his burial chamber to be higher in the Great Pyramid to where the King’s Chamber lies today.

This theory is hard for me to see because the other pyramids next to the Great Pyramid both have this unfinished subterranean chamber as well. No one actually know the real reason behind this chamber, everything is only speculation.

What do you think this subterranean chamber was meant for? Leave a comment below!

Thank you so much for coming along this Great Pyramid of Giza Virtual Tour! I had a blast sharing my knowledge with you all and hoped you enjoyed your inside look at the Great Pyramid. I can not wait to see what virtual tour we are going to go on next. If you have any recommendations on where we should tour leave a comment below!

Don’t forget to leave us a comment of what you thought about this adventure and be sure to check out more adventures here !

About The Author: Sean Boyle

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Virtual Travel

A Smithsonian magazine special report

Take a Free Virtual Tour of Five Egyptian Heritage Sites

The sites include the 5,000-year-old tomb of Meresankh III, the Red Monastery and the Mosque-Madrassa of Sultan Barquq

Theresa Machemer

Correspondent

Earlier this month, Egypt’s Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities announced the release of five new virtual tours of historic sites, adding to the range of online adventures that you can now embark on from home.

The tours explore the tomb of Meresankh III , the tomb of Menna , the Ben Ezra Synagogue , the Red Monastery and the Mosque-Madrassa of Sultan Barquq . Each virtual experience features detailed 3-D imagery through which users can “walk” by clicking hotspots along the structures’ floors.

As James Stewart reports for the Guardian , the tours boast “beefed up” 3-D modeling made by experts with Harvard University’s Giza Project . Unlike their real counterparts, most of which charge a small entry fee, the virtual renderings are free to all.

“The virtual tours target both [international] tourists and Egyptians, a ministry spokesperson tells Al-Monitor ’s Amira Sayed Ahmed. “They serve the double purpose of promoting Egyptian tourism nationwide and increasing Egyptians' awareness of their own civilization.”

Two of the tours—the tombs of Meresankh III and elite Egyptian official Menna —include background information accessible by clicking circles overlaid atop specific features. The former’s tomb, dated to some 5,000 years ago, is the oldest of the Egyptian sites available as a virtual walkthrough. Meresankh, a queen wed to King Khafre, was the daughter of Prince Kawab and Hetepheres II of the fourth dynasty, and the granddaughter of Great Pyramid builder Cheops, also known as Khufu.

Harvard archaeologist George Andrew Reisner discovered the queen’s tomb in 1927. He later stated that “None of us had ever seen anything like it.” Today, the burial place’s paintings and carvings remain well-preserved, showcasing hunters catching water birds, bakers making triangular loaves of bread and servants holding offerings.

In the northern chamber, along the wall furthest from the virtual tour’s starting point, ten statues of women stand shoulder to shoulder—an unusual sight among Gaza tombs. The statues “serve to emphasize Meresankh’s position among her queenly relatives,” the tour explains. Along the path to the 16-foot-deep burial shaft, users pass a pair of statues depicting Meresankh and her mother, Hetepheres II, with their arms around each other.

The path leads down a spiraling staircase into the burial shaft, where Meresankh’s black granite sarcophagus—originally created for her mother but re-engraved upon the queen’s death in 2532 B.C., according to the History Blog —was originally found. The tour includes a reconstructed image of the chamber with the sarcophagus in place, but the actual coffin is now kept at the Egyptian Antiquities Museum in Cairo.

The tomb of Menna, dated to the 18th dynasty (about 1549 B.C to 1292 B.C.), is “one of the most visited and best preserved” from the era, the ministry writes in a statement quoted by Live Science ’s Laura Geggel. The tomb’s decorations suggest the elite official was a scribe in charge of the pharaoh’s fields and the temple of sun god Amun-Re.

Menna’s tomb also includes informational blurbs highlighting such features as paintings of the scribe’s family, including his wife Henuttawy and their five children. Curiously, all of the paintings of Menna have been defaced.

“The ancient Egyptians believed that the soul of a person inhabited paintings of them and destroying the face would ‘deactivate’ the image,” the tour notes. “Why would someone want to destroy the memory of Menna?”

The tomb also served as a point of communication with the dead. It once featured life-size statues of Menna and Henuttawy that family members could make offerings to, ask for favors or visit during festivals.

The other three tours do not offer information blurbs at this time, but they still have plenty of detailed 3-D imagery for virtual visitors to explore. The Red Monastery , a Coptic church in Upper Egypt, features ornate frescoes, while the 14th-century Mosque-Madrassa is known for its immense size and innovative architecture. The Ben Ezra Synagogue in Old Cairo is alleged to be the site where baby Moses was found.

“Experience Egypt from home,” says the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities on Facebook . “Stay home. Stay safe.”

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Theresa Machemer | READ MORE

Theresa Machemer is a freelance writer based in Washington DC. Her work has also appeared in National Geographic and SciShow. Website: tkmach.com

3D virtual tour 'Inside the Great Pyramid' where you can freely look around the Great Pyramid of Giza

Then, the viewpoint moved in front of the pyramid entrance. The screen says 'You're now standing on the blocks of the Great Pyramid at Giza. For the first time ever, you can explore the entire pyramid interior.' For the first time in history, it is possible to explore all inside the pyramid)' is displayed, and first you can experience a tour inside the pyramid while watching the text on the screen. Click 'NEXT' ......

Looking back from the entrance, the cityscape of Cairo and the Nile River in the background were introduced. You can continue the tour by pressing 'NEXT' more and more, or you can change the viewpoint and position without pressing the button.

The Great Pyramid of Giza was built about 4500 years ago ...

The internal structure of the pyramid looks like this. The right end is the entrance, from which the passage towards the central part of the pyramid extends and branches into the upper and lower sides. Three main stone chambers have been identified: the 'King's Chamber' at the top, the 'Queen's Chamber' at the bottom, and the 'Crypt' at the bottom, but little is known about their uses. About.

The hole we enter this time is said to have been dug in 820 by

As you go through the passage extending from the entrance ......

We have reached the junction of the ascending and descending passages. The descents are usually blocked and not accessible to tourists, but the 3D tour allows access to the descents.

It seems that the long and narrow descent passage continues endlessly ... ...

Eventually you will reach a point where you cannot go straight.

When turning a curve ......

Reached the basement at a point about 30m underground.

The purpose of the crypt is unknown, but some archaeologists have suggested that Khufu's sarcophagus was originally intended to be buried here.

Return to the junction of the ascending passage and the descending passage, and head for the ascending passage this time.

As you go through the aisle ......

Arrive at the branch between the Queen's Chamber and the King's Chamber.

The lower room is the Queen's Chamber.

Walk down the narrow passage towards the Queen's Chamber.

This is what it looks like between queens. In addition, although it is named Queen's Room, it is not believed that the Queen's body was actually enshrined.

There is a gap of unknown use in the eastern wall.

In addition, there are holes in the north and south walls that are considered to be ventilation holes.

Return to the fork, and this time go to the ascending passage.

Go on a long uphill road ......

Reached a point where the road is level.

It is believed that the entrance to the King's Chamber was blocked by a huge trapdoor to keep out intruders.

This is the king's room.

The only object is a granite sarcophagus. It was made by hollowing out a single rock, and because it is larger than the entrance, it is believed that it was brought in before the roof was completed.

There are several layers on the roof, and it is believed that it is a space to protect the king from the weight of the pyramid.

Like the Queen's Chamber, there are holes in the room that are considered to be ventilation holes in the north and south, and are connected to the outside of the pyramid.

This is the end of the tour, but you can still roam freely inside the pyramids. Click the block icon at the bottom left of the screen ......

You can see a 3D map of the internal structure.

Looking up at the ceiling ......

You can move the camera to see places that are normally difficult to see.

The Giza Project also offers 3D tours for ruins other than the Great Pyramid of Giza, such as 'Tomb Of Iasen (Iasen's Tomb)' and 'Tomb of Queen Meresankh III (Tomb of Meresankh III)' from the

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Virtual Tour of the Pyramid of Giza

Explore a virtual tour of the Pyramid of Giza from the inside on EON-XR and marvel at the architecture and engineering expertise of our ancient forefathers!

The oldest and largest of the three pyramids at Giza, known as the Great Pyramid, is the only surviving structure out of the famed Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was built for Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops, in Greek), Sneferu’s successor and the second of the eight kings of the fourth dynasty.

These lessons show off the possibilities of learning using AR and VR. Anyone can transform even the most basic of spaces and subjects into a fascinating educational moment.  EON Reality is now offering free access to EON-XR , just click  here  to start!

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A geophysical study conducted by archaeologists from Higashi Nippon International University, Tohoku University, and Egypt’s National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) has unveiled the presence of an enigmatic L-shaped structure and intriguing anomalies buried beneath the surface of the Western Cemetery, also known as the Giza West Field.

The Western Cemetery, situated on the Giza Plateau west of the Great Pyramid of Giza, has long been recognized as a significant burial ground for members of the royal family and high-ranking officials. Characterized by its mastabas—rectangular tombs with flat roofs and burial chambers below—the cemetery holds a prominent place in Egypt’s ancient history.

Utilizing cutting-edge geophysical technologies including ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), researchers embarked on a comprehensive survey of the Western Cemetery. Over a period spanning from 2021 to 2023, these advanced techniques revealed a series of anomalies beneath the sand.

At the heart of this discovery lies an L-shaped structure measuring approximately 33 by 49 feet, situated at a depth of roughly 6.5 feet below the surface. Filled with sand, this enigmatic feature presents a puzzle for archaeologists, who speculate that it may have functioned as an entrance to a deeper, subterranean complex. Further investigations uncovered a larger anomaly, approximately 33 by 33 feet in size and extending to depths of up to 33 feet below ground level.

While the exact purpose of the structures remains unknown, the researchers propose several possibilities. Motoyuki Sato of Tohoku University suggests, “It could be a part of artificial objects, because the L-shape cannot be created in natural geological structures.” Moreover, the team believes that the anomalies could indicate the presence of vertical walls of limestone or shafts leading to a tomb structure.

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As the researchers conclude, “The results of our GPR and ERT survey point to the possibility of the presence of archaeological remains… It is important that they must be promptly excavated to establish their purpose.”

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17th-century Frenchwoman’s gold dental work was likely torturous to her teeth

A 21-year-old student successfully deciphered the first word from the Herculaneum scrolls, charred during Mount Vesuvius’ eruption

Oldest ever genetic data from a human relative found in 2-million-year-old fossilized teeth

Archaeologists uncover 2,000-year-old wooden bridge linking England and Wales

1,100-year-old Viking sword pulled from English river by magnet fisher

8-year-old boy unearths 1,800-year-old Roman coin in school sandbox

Archaeologists found evidence of surgery on medieval woman’s skull

Shiyu site in northern China reveals evidence of an advanced material culture 45,000 years ago

Isles of Scilly Iron Age warrior was a woman, study says

Family ties detected in 17th-century colonial cemetery in Delaware

4,000-year-old Bronze Age pyramid unearthed in Kazakhstan’s steppes

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