simulate safari windows

Safari Browser Testing

Browserling offers free online cross-browser testing in the Safari browser. At the moment, we offer Safari versions that run on Windows but very soon we'll also be adding Safari on macOS. The Windows Safari versions are installed on Windows 11, 10, 8.1, 8, 7, and XP. The installed Safari versions are from the official Apple installation packages and they are not fake browser emulators or simulators. To access Safari from Browserling, you don't have to install any additional software as Browserling is powered by HTML5 and JavaScript.

Try Safari in Browserling now!

Use the browser testing widget (below) to load an online Safari browser. Simply enter the address of a website that you want to open and press the "Test now!" button.

The free Browserling version offers 3 minutes of Safari testing on Windows 10 but to get unlimited minutes and access to all other operating systems, you'll have to get the developer plan .

Safari Testing FAQ

What is the latest safari version for windows.

The latest Windows Safari version is 5.1.5. You can access it via our quick browsing URL: browserling.com/browse/safari/5.1.5 .

What is the earliest Safari for Windows?

The earliest Windows Safari version is 4.0 and you can also access it via our quick browsing URL: browserling.com/browse/safari/4.0 .

Does Apple still maintain the Windows port of Safari?

No, Apple stopped maintaining Windows Safari after version 5.1.5

Do you offer Safari testing on macOS?

We're working on it! We don't have Safari on macOS yet but it's one of our top priority tasks to add it. Stay tuned!

Do you offer Safari testing on iPhones?

Offering Safari browser testing on iPhones is also one of our top tasks and we're working on it!

What browser engine does Safari use?

Safari is based on the WebKit browser engine. WebKit is also used by Chrome , Edge , and Opera browsers.

Do you run a Safari emulator?

No, we installed Safari from the official Apple installation package and it runs on a real computer. It's not an emulator nor a simulator but a real browser.

Can you help us with an issue on our website in Safari?

We'd love to help. We have been solving cross-browser testing problems for over 10 years and know everything there is about the Safari browser. Please email us at [email protected] and we'll help you with your website issue in Safari.

What is the Live Safari API?

It's a technology that we created. It lets you embed a Safari in your own project (a website or a webapp). Take a look at the Live API page that shows how it works.

For any other questions about cross-browser testing in Safari please contact us at [email protected] or use our contact form .

How to Emulate the Latest Safari Browser Online

Start automating your tests 5X Faster in Simple English with Testsigma

Browser emulators are ideal for testing how responsive a site is. The term ‘browser emulator’ refers to software that imitates the functionality of various web browsers. For instance, a Safari emulator aims to emulate Safari. 

Emulators help attain the exact look and feel of an actual Safari browser when a website is launched on it. Safari is a popular browser exclusive to Apple devices. Although Apple has discontinued its usage in other operating systems, users can download older versions if they want to test its features.

You need to use a cross-browser testing tool, a virtual machine, or an emulator to emulate Safari browser online. This helps evaluate if a website is working as per expectations.

Table Of Contents

• 1 Can You Run the Safari Browser on Windows 10 & 11?
• 2.1 Use a Virtual Machine
• 2.2 Use Cross-Browser Testing Tools
• 3 How to Test Safari Browser on Windows?
• 4.1 How to Emulate Safari on Linux?
• 5.1 How to Emulate Safari on Chrome
• 5.2 How to Emulate Safari in Firefox
• 5.3 How to Emulate Safari on Internet Explorer?
• 5.4 How to Emulate Safari on Edge?
• 6 Emulate Safari Browser Online 
• 8.1 Can you emulate Safari on PC?
• 8.2 How do I emulate a device in Safari?
• 8.3 How do I test Safari online?
• Can You Run the Safari Browser on Windows 10 & 11?

A segment of users wishes to use Safari as a default browser on Windows 10 and 11. This is because of its user-friendly design and speed. Safari runs parallel with popular browsers like Chrome, Edge, and Firefox when it comes to its outstanding performance. However, there is a catch. 

Even if you can download Safari on Windows, you risk your system because you can face potential security issues. The overall performance of your PC might even get compromised if you download expired or old versions of the software. Apple, therefore, has discontinued offering Safari as a standalone browser for any other operating system, including Windows. 

However, you can install the browser as a substitute browser on any PC that runs the operating system of Microsoft from unofficial online platforms. Concludingly, we can say that there is currently no Safari emulator for Windows. 

No Safari emulator is dedicated to running on any version of Windows, be it Windows 10 or 11. However, many websites offer users the option of testing Safari on Windows.

How Can I Test Websites on Safari Without Mac? 

Safari has been deemed the second most popular browser in 2022 and is the native default browser of Apple devices. It is an ideal browser for testing any online product or site because of its fast responsiveness.

However, one of the biggest challenges most software testers and website developers face is the lack of a Mac (iMac or Macbook). You are primarily required to have a Mac for both automated and manual testing in the Safari browser because this browser is platform-specific.

To address this problem, you can use the following hacks to test your product on the Safari browser:-

Use a Virtual Machine

You don’t need to worry about not having a Mac to run your tests on the Safari browser. To do so, you can easily conduct them on a Windows local host with the help of a virtual machine by using your PC or system as the server. 

Numerous virtual machines are available for you to choose from, and they will run any browser inside Linux or Windows. 

All you need to do is configure a handful of settings at the hardware and the software level (choosing the amount of disk space and RAM to allocate to each OS). Your computer, however, needs to have enough power to sustain this configuration. 

Use Cross-Browser Testing Tools

It is imperative to run any website on multiple browsers to ensure a smooth-sailing experience for visitors. To overcome the challenge of testing websites on Safari without a Mac, you opt for cross-browser testing tools. These tools will allow you to see how the website functions and looks on multiple browsers in one go. It does not require additional costs and is ideal for testing various websites on Safari. 

What Tools Do You Use for Cross-Browser Testing? 

You can easily use special tools to test cross-browser compatibility. This will allow you to check the overall outlook of a website in numerous browsers as well as mobile devices.

Advantages of Cross-Browser Testing

The advantages of using a cross-browser testing platform are listed below:-

• It saves time: With cross-browser testing, you can check your website for any hidden bugs or glitches before launching it. This helps save money and time because it detects issues before publishing the website. 
• Test on local and on-premise machines: With cross-browser testing, you can run test cases and websites on any OS environment on any local system behind firewalls.
• Numerous test reporting procedures: You can choose any preferred reporting from videos, images, and the like for better understanding.
• Real test environments: You can seamlessly check your cross-browser compatibility on actual browsers to identify every kink and bug in your website or application.
• Secure customer privacy: These platforms take stringent measures to help maintain the privacy of every customer.
• Broad test coverage: Most platforms for browser testing are codeless because they are AI or NLP-powered. This helps in reaching a broader test coverage.
• Debugging is easy: The debugging features in cross-browser testing platforms are top-notch to help deliver bug-free websites seamlessly.
• Easy CI/CD integration: Most cross-browser platforms have convenient CI/CD pipelines for managing faster and continuous delivery.
• 24*7 test runs: Cloud-based cross-browser testing platforms help run test suites 24*7 to conduct faster and more efficient testing with the least effort.
• Requires no additional coding: You need not have prior knowledge of CSS or HTML coding for cross-browser testing. They are user-friendly and can even be used by beginners.

Common Cross-Browser Testing Tools

If you cannot use emulators or have access to actual devices, you can opt for cloud-based emulators. One of the biggest advantages of using cloud-based emulators rather than local emulators or real devices is automating unit tests for your site across various platforms. 

To make things easy for you, we have consolidated a list of top-tier testing sites and cloud-based emulators:-

Testsigma 

Testsigma is a reliable and comprehensive test automation platform. With Testsigma, you can run automated tests for your applications and software seamlessly. It helps ensure the compatibility of your website or application across various browsers.

It is highly scalable as a cloud-based test automation platform where you can run parallel tests and even write automated tests in simple English. Besides, the platform is ideal for both visual and functional testing. We have listed some of the best advantages of using Testsigma as a cross-browser testing platform:-

• Covers over 2000+ native browser or device combinations
• Helps track issues with test logs
• Enables local testing functionality
• Runs automated tests in parallel and gets results fast 
• Performs automated screenshot testing and Video Responsive testing 
• Tools like Jira, Slack, and others are available for integration 
• Offers geo-location testing 

BrowserStack

BrowserStack is an online testing platform for seamless manual and automated testing. You need to choose an appropriate operating system, a device type, a browser version, and a URL for browsing. BrowserStack offers a reliable hosted virtual machine for user interaction.

You can easily run many emulators all at the same time without having to change screens. You can even test out the look and feel of your website or app across numerous browsers and devices. Some advantages you can reap out of using Browserstack as a cross-browser testing platform are as follows:-

• Ability to reproduce, debug and solve issues to launch bug-free websites and apps. 
• Built for all kinds of teams, starting from Engineering, Marketing, Product, Support, and Growth for testing, collaborating, and delivering quality.
• Highly scalable and can accommodate large teams for successfully shipping out applications and websites.

LambdaTest is another widely used online testing platform where users can perform manual cross-browser testing. You can run a combination of multiple operating systems and browsers at once. You can even record videos of complicated bugs and share them via Slack, Microsoft Teams, and more.

Besides, the platform allows you to speed up your testing by running parallel testing. Some of the best features are:-

• You can test multiple browsers on any OS environment or browser of your choice. 
• It has a highly scalable cloud infrastructure. 
• It is highly secure and reliable for performing automated cross-browser testing .
• It offers high execution speeds as well as fast, automated screenshots.
• With its handy reporting feature and detailed integration, you can easily analyze your test runs and immediately send reports.

BrowserShots 

Browsershots is an open-source online platform that offers developers an easy and user-friendly way to run tests for checking a website’s compatibility with a browser. It also allows screenshotting your web design in numerous operating systems and browsers. BrowserShots is completely free of cost, which is convenient for checking how your website looks across multiple browsers.

• How to Test Safari Browser on Windows?

Testing Safari Browser on Windows can be challenging because Safari is primarily designed for macOS and iOS platforms. However, there are a few approaches you can consider to test Safari on a Windows machine:

• Remote testing services: Utilize remote testing services such as BrowserStack or Sauce Labs, which offer virtual machines with different operating systems and browsers, including Safari on macOS. These services allow you to access and test Safari on real macOS environments directly from your Windows machine through a web browser.
• macOS virtual machines: Set up a macOS virtual machine (VM) on your Windows computer using virtualization software like VMware or VirtualBox. You can install Safari on the macOS VM and perform testing as you would on a native macOS environment.
• Remote access to macOS device: If you have access to a physical macOS device, you can remotely connect to it from your Windows machine using remote desktop software like TeamViewer, AnyDesk, or Chrome Remote Desktop. This allows you to control and test Safari on the macOS device without needing to physically access it.
• Cross-browser testing tools: Some cross-browser testing tools like BrowserStack or Sauce Labs offer a feature called “Interactive Testing” where you can remotely access and interact with Safari browsers running on real macOS devices from your Windows machine.

Cloud-based test automation platforms: Consider using a cloud-based test automation platform like Testsigma, which provides access to real macOS environments with Safari installed. Testsigma allows you to run automated tests on Safari Browsers without needing physical access to macOS devices.

Emulate Safari Across Other Different OS

There are separate pathways for different operating systems when it comes to emulating Safari. We have consolidated the best ways to emulate Safari on the following OS:-

How to Emulate Safari on Linux?

To emulate Safari on Linux, you can follow two methods.

• Installing Safari using WINE.
• Using WINE and PlayOnLinux provides a graphical user interface (UI) for WINE. 
• Using a virtual visualization application for cross-browser testing

Emulate Safari Using Various Browsers

There are several browsers available that users use at their convenience. This is why you must test it on every possible platform before launching your website or application. Down below, we have listed the various ways you can emulate Safari on numerous browsers:-

How to Emulate Safari on Chrome

To emulate Safari on Chrome, you can use websites such as TestingBot or Chrome extensions such as BrowserStack. BrowserStack is a very reliable solution that allows you to initiate testing sessions with a large number of device and browser combinations. You can immediately set up a Safari testing environment by clicking on the BrowserStack extension icon in your Chrome browser.

Alternatively, you can use these steps to emulate Safari using the Developer tools:

• Hit the Control + Shift + I keys to open the Developer tools environment
• Go to the Network tab and click on Network conditions
• Go to the User Agent section and unselect the ‘Use browser default’ radio button and click on the dropdown with the ‘custom’ label
• Scroll down till you can see the devices under Safari, and then select the device (Mac, iPad etc.) you want to emulate Safari with

How to Emulate Safari in Firefox

Firefox is notably one of the most popular browsers used by millions worldwide. If you want to emulate Safari in Firefox, you have to use visualization software which you can download as a browser extension or turn to a cross-browser testing website. The latter option is completely free of cost, hassle-free, and requires no technological prowess.

How to Emulate Safari on Internet Explorer?

Internet Explorer is one of the oldest browsers known to mankind. Although quite rarely used, it is still surprisingly used to this day. If you still use Internet Explorer to this day, you can emulate Safari on Internet Explorer with a cross-browser testing platform or an additionally installed extension. 

How to Emulate Safari on Edge?

Edge is a popular browser developed by Microsoft. You can emulate other browsers by changing the user string. If you want to emulate Safari on Edge, you need to follow the steps listed below:-

• Open Microsoft Edge and visit the link you wish to test
• Hit the F12 key to open the Developer tools environment
• Go to the User Agent section and unselect the ‘Select automatically’ radio button and click on the dropdown
• Scroll down till you can see the devices under Safari and then select the device (Mac, iPad etc.) you want to emulate Safari with

Emulate Safari Browser Online 

Although the ideal way to emulate Safari is by using an open-source testing platform, some other ways to do the same have been listed below:-

• Using browser widgets
• Downloading older versions of Safari, like Safari 5.1.7 or previous versions 

Every application or website is built using codes using HTML, JavaScript, or CSS elements. Since they are launched online, it is impossible to ascertain which user will use which browser. Safari has its own technology, comes with its own set of challenges, and interprets every application in its own way. 

Therefore, to ensure that your website or application runs smoothly on Safari, you need to conduct cross-browser testing to maintain consistency in its display and functionality. Running automation tests is also integral to software testing. Testsigma is a great platform for seamlessly running automation tests. 

Frequently asked questions

Can you emulate safari on pc.

The Safari Browser has now been limited only to macOS and iOS. However, you can easily emulate this browser on Windows or any other OS by using a virtual machine with your computer as the server. 

How do I emulate a device in Safari?

To emulate a device in Safari, you can use the Simulator added with Xcode and debug/inspect those reviews remotely by using the Develop menu in Safari.

How do I test Safari online?

To run a website on a Safari browser without a Mac, you can use a cross-browser testing tool or an online testing platform. 

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• Emulate Safari Browser Online

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Safari Browser Testing

Test Safari online, running on macOS and iOS. No emulators or simulators, only Safari running on real Apple devices and physical mobile devices. Signup & Start Testing for Free!

Trusted by some of the world's most innovative companies

Test on different safari browsers online.

Interactively test your website with Safari's native Developer Tools.

Adjust the screen-resolution on the fly or resize your browser to do responsive testing.

Test your website with Safari from different regions in the world.

Instant access to different Safari versions, test on real Apple products.

• macOS Sonoma: Safari 17
• macOS Ventura: Safari 16
• macOS Monterey: Safari 15
• macOS BigSur: Safari 14
• macOS Catalina: Safari 13
• macOS Mojave: Safari 12
• OSX High Sierra: Safari 11
• OSX Sierra: Safari 10
• OSX El Capitan: Safari 9
• OSX Yosemite: Safari 8

Safari Testing On Windows Machines

Are you using Windows on your computer and want to test something on Safari? No need to setup a virtual machine, simply test your website on a remote Safari desktop browser in the cloud. It does not matter if you are using Windows 11, 10, Vista or XP on a laptop, pc or any other device. TestingBot will stream the contents of a remote macOS machine to your screen. Test any version of Safari on Windows, developer tools included.

TestingBot provides access to various Safari versions, ranging from Safari 8 up to 17 on Desktop and Mobile Safari running on iOS 8 up to 17.

Geolocation Testing on Safari

Perform geolocation testing in various regions across the world. Test Geo Targeting, Geo Blocking and Geo Localization in 10 countries, including Australia, Belgium, United Kingdom, United States, Germany, France, Spain, China and more.

Automated Safari Screenshots

Take automated screenshots of your website on various Safari versions, running on macOS desktops. Perform visual comparison testing with various Safari versions, running on various macOS versions: OSX Yosemite up to macOS Ventura

Safari Tech Preview & Safari Beta

Manual, Automated and Visual testing on Safari Technology Preview and Safari Beta. Make sure your website works and looks correctly on Apple's upcoming Safari web browser versions. Available on macOS Monterey and macOS Ventura.

Automated Mobile Safari Testing with Appium

Use Appium to connect to our grid of physical iOS devices and run automated mobile Safari tests against your website.

Run multiple Appium tests simultaneously, shortening your total Appium execution time.

Since Appium uses the WebDriver API, you can write your tests in any language and run on TestingBot.

Test on the devices that matter, representing a large share of global device usage.

Local Cross Browser Safari Testing

Use our secure tunnel to quickly and easily test your staging website on any Safari browser version on macOS and iOS.

Once you download and start our tunnel, you can immediately test your webapps running on your computer or internal network on any browser in our cloud, straight from your browser.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do i need to test my website on safari.

Safari has a market share of about 4% in the global browser market. This browser is built and maintained by Apple and supports all the latest browser technologies.

Safari is the default browser on all macOS operating systems, which means a large portion of macOS users will use this browser for their day-to-day browsing. Test Safari's private browsing capabilities, open multiple tabs or test the cross site tracking prevention.

What is Safaridriver?

Safaridriver is a utility, shipped by default in every macOS operating system, which allows Selenium to automate Safari through a HTTP based API.

To use Safaridriver, you need to make sure it is enabled by running this command in a terminal window: safaridriver --enable

How can I automate Mobile Safari?

We recommend using Appium, which has built-in support to communicate with iOS Safari. Simply run your Appium scripts against the TestingBot device grid.

TestingBot will instruct the iOS device to open Safari. Your Appium script will then instrument the mobile Safari browser in an automated way.

How does TestingBot help with Safari testing?

TestingBot provides a grid of real browsers, ranging from Safari 8 up to 17 on Desktop.

Next to desktop browsers, TestingBot provides access to physical iOS devices, capable of running mobile Safari tests.

Can I test Safari on iPhone and iPad?

TestingBot provides access to physical iOS devices, located in our datacenter.

You can run your automated or manual tests against iOS Mobile Safari on our iPhones and iPads.

How to test on older Safari versions?

TestingBot provides access to Safari versions from Safari 8 up to Safari 17.

Why is TestingBot the preferred choice for Safari Testing?

TestingBot provides real Safari browsers, ranging from Safari 8 up to Safari 17. You can use the developer tools that come with Safari to debug webpages, inspect elements and run performance tests.

You can test the intelligent tracking prevention, test Safari extensions, open multiple tabs and perform all other actions on a remote Safari instance.

How can I test on Mobile Safari?

TestingBot provides access to both iOS simulators and physical iOS devices. Use the developer tools to inspect webpages running on Mobile Safari, straight from TestingBot's Manual Testing service.

Sign up for a Free Trial

Start testing your apps with TestingBot.

No credit card required!

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Posted on Mar 10, 2023

Running the Latest Safari WebKit on Windows

Safari runs on windows.

I can't believe it took me this long to figure this out, but it's totally possible to run the latest WebKit/Safari on Windows locally and debug issues that would otherwise require emulation, a remote machines or a Mac!

Not only can it be done but it's extremely easy to do, and in this article I will go over the 2 simplest ways to get up and running.

Method #1: Playwright CLI

This first method is by far the easiest as it only requires having Node.js installed which comes with npm/npx. Once you have Node.js installed you will need to run the Playwright command to download the browsers.

Open up the Command Prompt and type npx playwright install , then once this is done you can open up a url in WebKit by running the follow command npx playwright wk https://dustinbrett.com/ , as described in the docs for Command line tools -> Open Pages .

Method #2: Download Build Artifacts

As described in the Webkit Wiki , the files required are built often and can be easily downloaded and combined.

The first file that is needed comes from the Webkit CI Builders , specifically WinCairo-64-bit-Release-Build .

Open the latest green build and download the zip file mentioned after S3 URL on the transfer-to-s3 step.

Now you will need to download one more zip file from the WebKitForWindows Releases by downloading WebKitRequirementsWin64.zip from the Assets section of the most recent release.

Then extract both files to the same folder so that the bin64 folders become combined. All other folders can be deleted as they are not needed. Go into the combined bin64 folder and launch MiniBrowser.exe and you are up and running.

This version has more features compared to the Playwright one and allows turning on and off Experimental & Internal Debug Features.

Both versions have the familiar Web Inspector which is extremely helpful to have locally.

Companion Video

I thought this was such a useful trick that I also made a video showing how to do it, feel free to check it out!

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Debugging Safari-specific bugs in Windows via WSL2

Table of contents.

If you want to debug your website in safari from Windows without any emulator involved, you are lucky! This guide explains how to get a fully featured WebKit browser running natively in Windows 10 and Windows 11 :)

What to expect from this post

At the end of this short guide you will have a free, non-emulated local browser that runs and behaves almost the same as safari desktop.

We will be installing epiphany , a Linux-only browser that is based on WebKit. All of this is possible thanks to WSL2, available in Win10 and Win11.

Install WSL2

Please follow the official Microsoft instructions on how to install WSL2 and make sure you are using WSL version 2:

Install and Upgrade Ubuntu

Head to the Microsoft Store (disconnect from VPNs as it can cause issues) and install Ubuntu 20.04 .

Run ubuntu for the first time and upgrade all the packages:

Install a WebKit based browser (Epiphany)

Run the following commands to get epiphany-browser installed:

Open Epiphany browser

If you are on a recent Win10 or Win11, you should be ready to go.

Execute epiphany and check if everything works:

If it opens, you’re done! Enjoy :)

If it doesn’t and you see the following error, continue with the next steps.

If you are on Windows 11 and it didn’t work, it should. Please update your GPU drivers and try again, you don’t need the extra steps.

Installing an X Server for Windows

There are a few free and opensource X Servers for windows, but XMing is the one that worked better for me.

Start by downloading and installing it from this link .

Keep all the default configurations when installing.

Once its done, you will see a new program called XLaunch. Open it and enable all traffic through the firewall (public and private) .

• Select Multiple windows and set Display number to 0
• Start no client
• Check both Clipboard and No Access Control
• (Optional) Save your config to a file

The X Server is running now, you can see it in the system tray.

Connecting WSL2 to XMing

Linux GUI applications depend on the DISPLAY environment variable to know where to send the data.

Open Ubuntu terminal and run the following command to assign the proper variable:

Optionally, add these lines to your .bashrc file so they run automatically on startup.

You can read more about this step here

Open Epiphany browser (again)

This time it should all work. From your Ubuntu terminal run:

As promised, enjoy :)

If it gets stuck when opening, check your firewall rules. XMing should have inbound rules for all networks enabled (both public and private)

C++/.NET Software Architect

After the successful “hello XLNT” example, it was time to...

How To Test Website On Safari On Windows

• Software & Applications
• Browsers & Extensions

Introduction

When it comes to web development and testing, ensuring cross-browser compatibility is crucial for delivering a seamless user experience. While many developers and testers primarily focus on popular browsers like Chrome and Firefox, it's equally important to consider Safari, especially for users on Apple devices. However, testing a website on Safari can be challenging, particularly for those using Windows-based systems.

Safari, Apple's native web browser , is renowned for its sleek interface, robust performance, and adherence to web standards. As a result, web developers and testers need to validate their websites on Safari to guarantee optimal functionality across different platforms. While Safari is readily available on Apple devices, Windows users may encounter obstacles when attempting to test their websites on this browser .

In this article, we will explore the intricacies of testing a website on Safari while using a Windows operating system. From installing Safari on Windows to leveraging Safari Developer Tools for comprehensive testing, we will delve into the essential steps and best practices for ensuring website compatibility. Additionally, we will address common troubleshooting issues that Windows users may encounter when testing their websites on Safari.

By the end of this guide, you will have a comprehensive understanding of how to effectively test your website on Safari, enabling you to deliver a seamless browsing experience for users across various platforms. Let's embark on this journey to unravel the nuances of website testing on Safari for Windows users.

Installing Safari on Windows

Installing Safari on a Windows system may seem like a daunting task, considering that Apple officially discontinued Safari for Windows several years ago. However, for web developers and testers who need to ensure cross-browser compatibility, having access to Safari on Windows is essential. While Apple no longer provides official support for Safari on Windows, there are alternative methods to install and utilize this browser for testing purposes.

One approach involves leveraging virtualization software such as Oracle VM VirtualBox or VMware Workstation . These tools enable users to create virtual machines running macOS on their Windows systems, effectively providing access to Safari. By setting up a virtual macOS environment within the virtualization software, users can then install Safari and use it for website testing.

Another viable option is utilizing cloud-based testing platforms that offer access to real macOS environments. These platforms enable users to remotely access and test their websites on Safari without the need to install the browser directly on their Windows machines. This approach eliminates the complexities associated with setting up a virtual macOS environment and provides a convenient solution for testing website compatibility on Safari.

It's important to note that while these methods enable Windows users to access Safari for testing purposes, they may involve additional setup and potential costs, particularly when utilizing cloud-based testing platforms. Additionally, users should exercise caution and ensure compliance with Apple's terms of use when installing and using Safari on non-Apple hardware or virtual environments.

By exploring these alternative methods, Windows users can overcome the limitations of Safari's unavailability on their operating system and gain the ability to thoroughly test their websites on this prominent browser. With Safari installed on their Windows systems, developers and testers can conduct comprehensive compatibility checks and ensure a seamless browsing experience for Safari users, ultimately enhancing the overall quality of their websites.

Using Safari Developer Tools

Safari Developer Tools offer a robust set of features that empower web developers and testers to analyze, debug, and optimize their websites with precision. These tools are integral to the web development process, providing insights into various aspects of website performance, layout, and functionality. When testing a website on Safari, leveraging Safari Developer Tools is essential for identifying and addressing potential issues that may affect the user experience.

Accessing Safari Developer Tools

To access Safari Developer Tools, users can simply enable the Develop menu within the Safari browser. This can be done by navigating to Safari's Preferences, selecting the Advanced tab, and checking the "Show Develop menu in menu bar" option. Once enabled, the Develop menu will appear in the Safari menu bar, granting access to a range of developer-oriented features and tools.

Key Features and Capabilities

Safari Developer Tools encompass a diverse array of capabilities, including the Elements panel for inspecting and modifying the DOM (Document Object Model), the Console for logging and debugging JavaScript, the Network panel for monitoring network activity, and the Resources panel for examining website resources such as images, stylesheets, and scripts. Additionally, the Timeline and Performance panels enable in-depth performance analysis, while the Application panel facilitates the inspection of web storage, caches, and service workers.

Responsive Design and Mobile Testing

One notable feature of Safari Developer Tools is the responsive design mode, which allows developers to simulate various device sizes and orientations, aiding in the testing of website responsiveness and mobile compatibility. By emulating different devices, developers can assess how their websites adapt to diverse screen dimensions and ensure a consistent user experience across a spectrum of devices.

Debugging and Optimization

Safari Developer Tools provide robust debugging capabilities, allowing developers to identify and rectify JavaScript errors, CSS issues, and layout inconsistencies. The ability to inspect and modify the DOM in real-time facilitates rapid troubleshooting and refinement of website elements. Furthermore, the performance analysis tools empower developers to optimize website speed and responsiveness, enhancing overall user satisfaction.

Integration with Other Tools

Safari Developer Tools seamlessly integrate with other web development tools and frameworks, fostering a cohesive workflow for developers. Whether utilizing JavaScript frameworks, CSS preprocessors, or performance monitoring tools, Safari Developer Tools complement a wide range of development environments and methodologies, empowering developers to streamline their workflows and deliver high-quality websites.

Incorporating Safari Developer Tools into the website testing process on Windows provides invaluable insights and diagnostic capabilities, enabling developers and testers to refine their websites for optimal performance and compatibility on the Safari browser. By harnessing the diverse features of Safari Developer Tools, users can elevate the quality of their websites and deliver a polished browsing experience for Safari users.

Testing Website Compatibility

Ensuring website compatibility across different browsers is a fundamental aspect of web development and testing. When it comes to Safari on Windows, validating website compatibility is particularly crucial, given the distinct rendering behaviors and feature sets of the Safari browser. Testing website compatibility on Safari for Windows involves a comprehensive assessment of various elements to guarantee a seamless user experience for Safari users.

Cross-Browser Testing

Cross-browser testing is a cornerstone of website compatibility validation. It involves examining how a website renders and functions across different browsers, including Safari, Chrome, Firefox, and Edge. When testing website compatibility on Safari for Windows, developers and testers need to meticulously compare the website's appearance, layout, functionality, and performance across these diverse browsers. By conducting thorough cross-browser testing, potential discrepancies and issues specific to Safari can be identified and addressed, ensuring a consistent and reliable experience for all users.

CSS and Layout Rendering

Safari, known for its adherence to web standards and unique rendering engine, may exhibit variations in CSS rendering and layout compared to other browsers. Testing website compatibility on Safari for Windows entails scrutinizing the website's layout, responsive design, and CSS styling to detect any discrepancies or anomalies specific to Safari. This involves assessing the positioning of elements, handling of media queries, and overall visual presentation to ascertain that the website maintains its intended design and layout integrity across Safari and other browsers.

JavaScript Functionality

JavaScript plays a pivotal role in modern web development, powering interactive features, dynamic content, and user interface enhancements. When testing website compatibility on Safari for Windows, it is imperative to evaluate the functionality and performance of JavaScript code across different browsers. This involves verifying the execution of JavaScript-based functionalities, event handling, and compatibility with JavaScript frameworks to ensure consistent behavior and functionality across Safari and other browsers.

Media and Content Display

The display and rendering of media elements, such as images, videos, and interactive content, can vary across different browsers. Testing website compatibility on Safari for Windows encompasses assessing the rendering and playback of media content to confirm seamless presentation and functionality. This includes evaluating image scaling, video playback, and the behavior of interactive elements to guarantee a cohesive multimedia experience for Safari users on Windows.

Form and Input Validation

Forms and input fields are integral components of many websites, facilitating user interaction and data submission. When testing website compatibility on Safari for Windows, validating the behavior of forms, input validation, and user input handling is essential. This involves examining form elements, input validation scripts, and user feedback mechanisms to ensure consistent functionality and user experience across Safari and other browsers.

By meticulously evaluating these critical aspects of website compatibility, developers and testers can ascertain that their websites deliver a cohesive and reliable experience for Safari users on Windows. Through comprehensive testing and validation, potential compatibility issues can be identified and resolved, ultimately enhancing the overall quality and usability of the website across diverse browsing environments.

Troubleshooting Safari on Windows

Troubleshooting Safari on Windows may involve addressing a range of issues that can arise during the website testing process. As Windows users navigate the intricacies of testing their websites on Safari, they may encounter specific challenges and obstacles that require effective troubleshooting strategies. By understanding common issues and implementing targeted solutions, developers and testers can streamline the testing process and ensure optimal website compatibility on Safari for Windows.

Addressing Rendering Discrepancies

One prevalent challenge when testing websites on Safari for Windows is addressing rendering discrepancies. Safari's rendering engine and CSS interpretation may exhibit differences compared to other browsers, leading to layout inconsistencies and visual anomalies. To troubleshoot rendering issues, developers can leverage Safari Developer Tools to inspect the DOM, analyze CSS styles, and identify rendering discrepancies. By pinpointing the root causes of rendering inconsistencies, developers can implement targeted CSS adjustments and refinements to harmonize the website's appearance across Safari and other browsers.

Resolving JavaScript Compatibility

JavaScript compatibility issues can pose significant hurdles when testing websites on Safari for Windows. Given Safari's unique JavaScript engine and feature support, certain JavaScript functionalities and frameworks may behave differently on Safari compared to other browsers. To address JavaScript compatibility challenges, developers can utilize Safari Developer Tools to debug JavaScript code, identify compatibility issues, and implement browser-specific JavaScript optimizations. Additionally, leveraging polyfills and feature detection techniques can help ensure consistent JavaScript behavior across diverse browsers, including Safari on Windows.

Optimizing Media Playback and Performance

Media playback and performance optimization are critical considerations when testing websites on Safari for Windows. Issues related to video playback, image scaling, and interactive media elements may surface, impacting the overall multimedia experience for Safari users. Troubleshooting media-related challenges involves evaluating media formats, implementing cross-browser compatibility techniques, and leveraging Safari Developer Tools to analyze media performance metrics. By optimizing media assets and addressing performance bottlenecks, developers can enhance the multimedia experience on Safari for Windows, ensuring seamless playback and visual presentation.

Validating Cross-Browser Functionality

Cross-browser functionality validation is essential when testing websites on Safari for Windows. Ensuring that interactive features, form submissions, and dynamic content behave consistently across different browsers is paramount. Troubleshooting cross-browser functionality involves rigorous testing, error monitoring, and the implementation of browser-specific workarounds when necessary. By validating and fine-tuning the website's functionality across Safari and other browsers, developers can mitigate compatibility issues and deliver a cohesive user experience across diverse browsing environments.

By proactively addressing these troubleshooting considerations, developers and testers can navigate the intricacies of testing websites on Safari for Windows with confidence. Through meticulous analysis, targeted optimizations, and strategic troubleshooting, the challenges associated with Safari compatibility on Windows can be effectively mitigated, ultimately ensuring a seamless and reliable browsing experience for Safari users on Windows platforms.

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Emulate and test other browsers

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Your job doesn't end with making sure your site runs great across Microsoft Edge and Android. Even though the Device Emulation tool can simulate a range of other devices such as smart phones, we encourage you to check out solutions for emulation provided by other browsers.

When you don't have a particular device, or want to do a spot check on something, the best option is to emulate the device right inside your browser.

Device emulators and simulators enable you to mimic your development site on a range of devices, from your workstation.

Cloud-based emulators enable you to automate unit tests for your site across different platforms.

Browser emulators

Browser emulators are great for testing the responsiveness of a site. But a browser emulator doesn't emulate differences in API, CSS support, and certain behaviors that manifest only on a mobile browser on an actual device. Test your site on browsers running on real devices, to be certain everything behaves as expected.

Firefox Responsive Design View

Firefox has a responsive design view that encourages you to stop thinking in terms of specific devices and instead explore how your design changes at common screen sizes, or on your own screen size by dragging the edges of the window.

EdgeHTML emulation

To emulate Windows Phones, use the Microsoft Edge (EdgeHTML) built-in emulation .

Use IE 11 Emulation to simulate how your page might look in older versions of Internet Explorer.

Device emulators and simulators

Device simulators and emulators simulate not just the browser environment but the entire device. Each simulator is useful to test things that require OS integration, such as form input with virtual keyboards.

Android emulator

At the moment, there is no way to install Microsoft Edge on an Android emulator. However, you can use the Android Browser, the Chromium Content Shell, and Firefox for Android, which we review later in this article. Chromium Content Shell runs the same Chromium rendering engine as Microsoft Edge, but comes without browser-specific features.

The Android emulator comes with the Android SDK which you need to download as part of Android Studio . Then follow the instructions to set up a virtual device and start the emulator . After your emulator is booted, select the Browser icon, and test your site on the old Stock Browser for Android.

Chromium content shell on Android

To install the Chromium Content Shell for Android, keep your emulator running and run the following command:

Now you can test your site with the Chromium Content Shell.

Firefox on Android

Similar to the Chromium Content Shell, you can get an APK to install Firefox onto the emulator.

Download the correct .apk file .

To install the file onto an open emulator or connected Android device, run the following command:

iOS simulator

The iOS simulator for Mac OS X comes with Xcode, which you install from the App Store .

When you are done, learn how to work with the simulator through Apple Developer documentation .

To avoid having to open Xcode every time you want to use the iOS Simulator, open it, right-click the iOS Simulator icon in your dock, and then select Keep in Dock . Now just click the icon whenever you need it.

Microsoft Edge (EdgeHTML)

If you need to test your website or app with Microsoft browsers and don't have the necessary versions of Windows to do so, you can use BrowserStack, which supports testing of many combinations of Microsoft browsers and operating systems both past and present. For example, you can test all versions of Microsoft Edge (Chromium) from version 80 onwards, and Microsoft Edge (EdgeHTML) versions 15 through 18. Testing of Microsoft Edge is free on BrowserStack. For more information, see Microsoft Edge Browser Testing at BrowserStack.

Cloud-based emulators and simulators

If you aren't able to use the emulators and you don't have access to real devices, then cloud-based emulators are the next-best thing. A big advantage of cloud-based emulators over real devices and local emulators is that you can automate unit tests for your site across different platforms.

The following list is a sample of cloud-based emulators and testing sites. Review the descriptions for features or capabilities to consider when selecting a testing site. Conduct your own search to find the best cloud-based emulator for your needs.

BrowserStack helps you perform manual testing. You select an operating system, a browser version, a device type, and a URL to browse, and then BrowserStack spins up a hosted virtual machine that you can interact with. You can run multiple emulators in the same screen, to test the look and feel of your app across multiple devices at the same time.

Mobileum doesn't use emulators, but real devices which you can control remotely. This is useful when you need to reproduce a problem on a specific device and an issue might not appear in some reports.

HeadSpin helps you perform manual cross-browser testing on thousands of real devices, browsers, and operating systems. You can record videos of complex bugs and share them through integration such as Slack, JIRA, and more. Fast forward your go-to-market launch by testing in parallel.

LambdaTest helps you perform manual cross-browser testing on a combination of various browsers and operating systems. You can record videos of complex bugs and share them through integration such as Microsoft Teams, Slack, and more. You can speed-up your testing by running tests in parallel.

SauceLabs enables you to run unit tests inside of an emulator, which can be useful for scripting a flow through your site and watching the video recording of this afterwards on various devices. You can also do manual testing with your site.

TestingBot helps you do both manual testing and automated testing on various browser and operating system combinations. Test both your websites and mobile apps on TestingBot's emulators and physical devices.

Portions of this page are modifications based on work created and shared by Google and used according to terms described in the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License . The original page is found here and is authored by Meggin Kearney (Technical Writer) and Paul Bakaus (Open Web Developer Advocate at Google | Tools, Performance, Animation, UX).

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Safari Browser Testing on Windows

Learn how to make sure your website is cross-browser compatible on safari, the second most popular browser..

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Safari is one of the finest web browsers available today and has a large user base. With a lot of features mimicking the iPhone, Apple's Safari browser has redefined the way users have been accessing the Internet. The browser has more than 250 features and a number of characteristic advantages that distinguish it from the other major contemporary browsers like Firefox, Chrome, and Internet Explorer.

Safari has established itself in the market over time and has garnered a loyal user base.

As of October 2018, Safari is the second most popular browser among the users! Well, that makes it quite important for all the business owners and stakeholders to make sure that their business website (or any website, for that matter) performs as expected in the Safari browser.

Although you can install different browsers and perform testing accordingly, you cannot install something that is not compatible with your platform. Here is where the need to use some special tools and techniques sets in. Automatic tools that help us with the testing process are almost mandatory today and a tester’s best friends! Here are the top ways in which you can perform Safari browser testing on Windows.

Installing Safari on a Windows Machine

Well, like everyone else, the first method that you could think of would be to easily install Safari on your Windows machine and get started with the testing process. Smooth enough? But, there is an issue with this method. As Apple launched Safari 6.0 for OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, it seems to have suspended all the efforts to continue developing Safari for Windows. Safari 5 is still available for Windows, but it does not make much sense to test your product on a dated version! Does it?

The Windows users may still download and install the browser Safari in its version 5.1.7. The dated version works perfectly fine on Windows 10, Windows 8, or Windows 7. However, being a dated and older web browser version, it does not support any of the new Safari web features. Apart from that, the browser has a number of potential security flaws.

Being a tester, you would always be looking for the latest available software. Hence, this older version is not of much use for you, until you want to specifically test your product on it for theoretical purposes.

Using the Oracle VM Virtualbox

VirtualBox is a free-to-use tool developed by Oracle. The tool lets you run and experiment with a variety of tools and operating systems, which natively cannot be run on your device. The Virtualbox sets up a virtual environment on your device and lets you overcome a lot of incompatibility software issues. In case you want to test your product on Safari browser but do not own a Mac device, you can download the Virtualbox by Oracle and get started with testing on the latest version.

You can easily install Oracle VM Virtualbox on your device and run Safari on it. Download the VirtualBox software along with its extension pack and install the software file followed by running the VirtualBox manager. You need to immediately close it after running it. This will let your system log some necessary information.

VirtualBox is undoubtedly one of the most preferred free tools for virtualization on Windows. However, another point to keep in mind is that the Oracle VM VirtualBox does not still have the official for OS X and you need to download the main program along with the Extension Pack, which will provide you with the much-needed support for USB devices. You may need the Hackboot 1, Hackboot 2 ISO files along with the MultiBeast 4 to get some additional features like audio working fine post installation.

Using Cross-Browser Testing Tools

To make your life easier, a lot of online cross-browser testing tools are available.

With the help of cross-browser testing tools, you can get an on-premise infrastructure of your choice. These tools help you to test on desktop, mobiles, and tablets on various browsers. You can run any browser irrespective of the machine you are using directly in your web browser. All you need to do is just login and you can get a list of machines and browsers out of which you can choose your requirements and you’ll get the desired configuration in your browser itself.

You can even get a mobile(iOS or Android) in your desktop browser. These amazing platforms are a real lifesaver. You can choose from tools like LambdaTest to perform real-time testing of your webpage or application to make sure that it works well irrespective of the platform being used by the user. If you cannot access a particular browser, like Mac users cannot access IE, or Windows users cannot access the latest versions of Safari (in this case), even then tools like LambdaTest come handy.

You can easily make sure that your web application or website is cross-browser compatible with all the versions of Safari browsers even from your Windows machine or test on Internet Explorer from your Mac Machine.

The best part about these tools is you don’t need to install anything. You can access a machine directly from your browser.

This all-in-one testing tool would even allow you to capture automated screenshots and test your locally hosted web pages.

Thus, these were some of the quick methods to test your website on Safari using a Windows machine.

Cross-browser testing is one of the most crucial aspects of development and testing. With a constantly increasing number of browsers, it becomes difficult for the developers to keep a track of all the results and comparisons. The problem becomes even more complex if your local machine does not support a given browser. So with some tips and tricks, you can easily overcome this hurdle and make a cross-browser compatible website.

Happy developing! And...happy testing!

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How to test for Safari on Windows

"Safari on Windows?", you say. "That's impossible! Safari doesn't run on Windows." And you're right! I mean it used to, but Apple stopped supporting Windows way back in 2012. Which is a bummer for web developers who want to test Safari compatibility.

But... the browser engine Safari uses, WebKit, still supports Windows, probably because iTunes still supports Windows. And Apple even produces Windows builds of WebKit themselves that you can download and use!

There are some other blog posts with instructions for how to do this, but they are a little outdated. Here are the complete steps as of 2022.

• Download the latest release of WebKitRequirementsWin64.zip
• Visit Apple's WebKit Buildbot pages . The build you want is WinCairo-64-bit-Release-Build.

• After extracting that zip file you will find MiniBrowser.exe inside. But it won't run yet!
• Go back to the WebKitRequirementsWin64.zip file you downloaded in step 1, take all the files from the bin64 directory and copy them into the same directory as MiniBrowser.exe.

You can now test how things might work in Safari from your Windows computer! You can use the Web Inspector from the Develop menu just as in Safari. Unfortunately there's no way to activate the Responsive Design mode, so you won't be able to test for iOS.

There are some differences in feature support between MiniBrowser and Safari, so it's not 100% perfect. But basic things will work the same, so you can test if your CSS layout is working properly or if your mouse event handling code is working correctly, for instance.

How to bulk create folders in one try on Windows 11

O n Windows 11 (and 10), you can create a new folder through File Explorer in multiple ways, but the only caveat is that you can only create one item at a time. However, if you're working on a project or organizing files, it's possible to create multiple folders in bulk.

You can complete this task without resourcing to third-party tools using PowerShell and Command Prompt. It's also possible to create folders in different ways. For example, you can create folders with specific names, using a base name structure, and you can generate different folders extracting the names from a text file.

In this how-to guide , I'll walk you through different ways to create multiple folders at once on Windows 11. (You can also use these instructions on Windows 10 .)

How to create folders with PowerShell on Windows 11

You can leverage PowerShell in many ways to create multiple folder at once, and here are three ways to complete this task.

Using specific names

To create folders with specific names through PowerShell, use these steps:

• Open  Start .
• Search for  PowerShell , right-click the top result, and choose the  Run as administrator  option.
• Type the following command to open a specific location and press  Enter :  cd c:/path/to/folder 

In the command, specify the path to the location where you want to create the folders. 

• Type the following command to create multiple folders on a specific location and press  Enter :  "folder-1", "folder-2", "folder-3" | %{New-Item -Name "$_" -ItemType "Directory"} 

In the command, change  "folder-X"  for names of the folders you want to create.

Here's a breakdown of the command:

• "folder-1", "folder-2", "folder-3":  This part of the command specifies an array of strings, each representing a folder name you intend to create.
•  "|":  The pipeline operator takes the output from the command on its left and passes it as input to the command on its right. 
• %{ }:  This is a shorthand alias for the  "ForEach-Object"  cmdlet, which performs an operation for each item in a collection.
• New-Item:  This cmdlet creates a new item with the specified properties.
• -Name "$_":  Dynamically specifies the name of the new item, where  "$_"  is a variable that represents the current object in the pipeline.
• -ItemType "Directory":  This part specifies that the item to be created is a directory (commonly known as a "folder").

Using structure name

To create multiple folders with the same name structure, use these steps:

• Search for  PowerShell , right-click the top result, and choose the  Run as administrator  option.
• Type the following command to open a specific location and press  Enter :  cd c:/path/to/folder
• Type the following command to create multiple folders with the same name structure and press  Enter :  for ($wc=1;$wc -le 3;$wc++){MD ".\folder-$wc"}

In the command, change "3" for the number of folders to create and "folder-" for the base of the folder.

• for:  Runs the "for" loop to control the flow statement to execute a repetitive condition.
• $wc=1:  Initializes the variable  "$wc"  to 1.
• $wc -le 3:  The condition for continuing the loop.  "-le"  stands for "less than or equal to," meaning that as long as  "$wc"  is less than or equal to  "3,"  the loop will continue to execute.
• $wc++:  This increases the value of "$wc" variable by "1" with each iteration of the loop.
• { MD ".\folder-$wc" }:  Includes the command to create a folder on each loop iteration.

Using text file 

Before proceeding with these steps, create a file called "name-list.txt" with Notepad and make sure to create a list of the folders' names (one entry per line). 

To create folders based on a list inside of a text file, use these steps:

• Type the following command to grab the text file with the list of names and create folders automatically and press  Enter :  get-content C:\path\to\folders.txt | %{ if($_ -match $pattern) { mkdir "C:\path\to\folder\$_"; }} 

In the command, update the paths to match the locations of the text file and the folder to create the subfolders.

• Get-Content C:\path\to\name-list.txt:  This part of the command locates and reads the txt file.
• if($_ -match $pattern) { }:  This  "if"  statement checks if the current line " $_"  matches a pattern defined by the variable  "$pattern."  
• mkdir "C:\path\to\folder\$_":  This part of the command creates folders in the specified path.

Once you complete the steps, the command will run, and the folders will be created according to your configuration.

How to create folders with Command Prompt on Windows 11

On Command Prompt, similar to PowerShell, you have many different ways to create multiple folders at once, and here are three useful ways to complete this task.

To create multiple folders through Command Prompt with specific names, use these steps:

• Search for  Command Prompt , right-click the top result, and choose the  Run as administrator  option.
• Type the following command to create multiple folders with specific names and press  Enter :  md folder-1 folder-2 folder-3
• md : This is short for "make directory." It's the command used to create a new directory on Windows.
• folder-1 folder-2 folder-3 : These are the names of the directories you want to create. 

To create multiple folders at once with the same based name and appending an identifier, use these steps:

• Type the following command to create multiple folders with the same name structure and press  Enter :  for /L %w in (1,1,10) do mkdir folder-%w

In the command, change  "10"  for the number of folders you want to create. Also, in Command Prompt, for the variable, use a single letter as shown in the command example above.

• for:   Runs the "for" loop to control the flow statement to execute a repetitive condition.
• /L:  This option specifies that the loop will repeat over multiple times.
• %wc:  This is a variable that will hold each value.
• in (1,1,10):  This part of the command specifies the number of folders to create. It starts at  "1,"  increments by  "1,"  and ends at  "10."
• do mkdir folder-%wc:  This part of the command creates folders in the specified path. 

To leverage Command Prompt to create multiple folders from a list on a text file, use these steps:

• Type the following command to create multiple folders from a list in a text file and press  Enter :  for /f "tokens=*" %w in (folders.txt) do mkdir "%w"

In the command, change  "folders.txt"  for the name of the text file with names you want to use.

• /f:  This option means that the loop will process the output of a command or the contents of a file.
• "tokens=*":  This part of the command specifies that the entire line should be treated as a single token.
• %wc:  This is the variable that will hold each line of the file name-list.txt.
• in (name-list.txt):  This specifies the file from which to read the lines.
• do mkdir "%wc":  This part of the command creates a folder with the name specified by each line in the file.

After you complete the steps, the command will create the folders according to your configuration.

It's important to note that these commands are meant to be run inside the console. If you're trying to create a batch file, the variables should be written as  "%%wc,"  not  "%wc."

More resources

For more helpful articles, coverage, and answers to common questions about Windows 10 and Windows 11, visit the following resources: 

• Windows 11 on Windows Central — All you need to know
• Windows 10 on Windows Central — All you need to know