chinese tourist city

The 10 Most Popular Tourist Destinations in China

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• Guilin — China's Top Karst Landscape
• Chengdu — Hometown of Giant Pandas
• Beijing — Ancient and Modern Capital
• Xi'an — a Window on China's Ancient Civilization
• Lhasa — Gateway to Transcendent Tibet
• Find Some Unusual Destinations
• Shanghai — China's Prosperous Largest City
• Hangzhou — Next Best Place to Heaven
• Huangshan — Majestic Beauty
• Suzhou — Elegant Water Towns and Gardens
• Hong Kong — Like Nowhere Else on Earth

1. Guilin — China's Top Karst Landscape

Guilin, with its marvelous limestone scenery, is renowned as one of the most beautiful places on earth. During his visit, former US President Nixon was inspired by Guilin's picturesque natural scenery and remarked: "I have visited more than eighty countries and over a hundred cities. I have found that no city can surpass the beauty of Guilin."

• Most recommended attractions: the Li River , Yangshuo , Longji Terraced Fields , the Two Rivers and the Four Lakes
• Unique experience: relaxing Li River cruise, challenging yourself to an SUP (stand-up paddleboard, i.e. a mini raft), riding an all-terrain vehicle, cycling in rural countryside, ethnic rice terraces, bamboo rafting, taste some Guilin rice noodles
• Days suggested: 1-4 days

Guilin is 72-hour visa free for 51 countries, and 144-hour visa free for 10 ASEAN countries. Guilin is due west from Hong Kong , from which it can be reached by air in an hour. A tour of Hong Kong can be easily combined with a Guilin tour. It's popular to visit Guilin and then head to Hong Kong with these visa-free policies.

Tour Inspiration

• Recommended tours: 4-Day Guilin Scenic and Ethnic Discovery , 5-Day Dynamic Guilin and Yangshuo Tour

2. Chengdu — Hometown of Giant Pandas

Chengdu is the hometown of Giant Pandas. Although there are giant pandas in zoos in various places around China, the best place to see pandas is in Chengdu.

• Most recommended attractions: Dujiangyan Panda Valley , Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding and Research Center , Leshan Giant Buddha , Jinli Old Street
• Unique experience: take care of pandas and see panda babies , try spicy Sichuan hot pot, enjoy magical face changing , visit the Leshan Giant Buddha, take an onward tour to Jiuzhai Valley
• Days suggested: 1-4 days; see more on  Ultimate Chengdu Itineraries: How Long to Spend in Chengdu

Besides giant panda, Chengdu is also famous for delicious Sichuan food like kung pao chicken and spicy hotpot. You can experience cooking the most authentic Sichuan cuisine with a local chef. And travelers can also enjoy the 144-hour visa-free policy in Chengdu.

• How to Plan a Chengdu Tour
• Recommended tour: 3-Day Chengdu Giant Panda, Giant Buddha, and Ancient Town Tour , 1-Day Pandas and Sanxingdui Museum Tour

All our tours can be customized. The itinerary can be adjusted according to your group size, time, budget, interests, and other requirements. Just contact us .

3. Beijing — Ancient and Modern Capital

Beijing, China's capital city for over 700 years, is rich in history, both ancient and modern . There are many palace complexes in Beijing, as well as super-modern buildings.

• Most recommended attractions: the Great Wall of China , the Forbidden City , the Temple of Heaven , the Bird's Nest
• Unique experience: hike on the Great Wall , discover the hutongs by rickshaw, enjoy a tasty Peking roast duck , watch the Beijing opera and a kung fu show, Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
• Days suggested: 2–4 days; see  Ultimate Beijing Itinerary: How Many Days to Spend

It's very easy to get to Beijing, and it's one of the first choices for many first-time travelers to China. Flights and high-speed trains from Beijing to other popular cities are very convenient.

Beijing also offers a 144-hour transit visa-free policy for travelers from 51 countries. You can take a 3-day trip in Beijing if you have an onward flight ticket to a third country or area.

• How to Plan a Beijing Tour
• Top 10 Unique Experience in China
• Recommended tour: 4-Day Emperor's Tour of Beijing , 1-Day Jiankou Wild Great Wall Hiking

4. Xi'an — a Window on China's Ancient Civilization

As the second most famous of China's ancient national capitals (after Beijing), Xi'an was the first capital of a united China in 221 BC (the Qin Dynasty). Thus Xi'an is blessed with a great number of precious relics and historical sites .

• Most recommended attractions: the Terracotta Army , Ancient City Wall , Big Wild Goose Pagoda , Great Mosque
• Unique experience: visit the Terracotta Army and make your own warriors , cycle on the Ancient City Wall, try snacks in Muslim Quarter
• Days suggested: 1-3 days; see How Long to Spend in Xi'an

Xi'an was also the starting point of the Silk Road, an ancient trade route that extended from Asia to Europe and played an important role in economic and cultural exchange between the East and the West in ancient times.

Xi'an also has a 144-hour transit visa-free policy .

• How to Plan a Tour of Xi'an
• Recommended tour: 3-Day Terracotta Warriors Tour

5. Lhasa — Gateway to Transcendent Tibet

Lhasa, capital of Tibet , is the center of Tibetan cultural and religious life. Most tourists enter Tibet via Lhasa. Outside the city is Tibet's wealth of natural wonders and holy sites, from Lake Namtso to Mt. Everest, to Mount Kailash.

• Most recommended attractions: Potala Palace , Jokhang Temple , Mount Everest , Barkhor Street , Sera Monastery , Yamdrok Lake
• Unique experience: explore the highest palace, see pilgrims, camp at Mount Everest's base, watch monks debate , visit picturesque holy lakes, trekking and camping
• Days suggested: 4-8 days

"Lhasa" is Tibetan for "place of the gods", and is revered as such. There are many sites and religious sites in the city proper and its suburbs. At Barkhor Street, visitors can go souvenir hunting, rub shoulders with locals, and experience the sacred "one step one bow" way to religion.

• How to Plan a Tibet Tour

Recommended tour:

• 8-Day Lhasa-EBC-Lhasa Roof of the World Adventure
• 7-Day Tibet Tour including Trekking and Camping
• 5-Day Lhasa Classics and Lake Yamdrok Tour

All our tours can be customized. Contact us to create a trip according to your group size, time, budget, interests, and other requirements.

6. Shanghai — China's Prosperous Largest City

Shanghai, China's biggest city, oozes an atmosphere of vitality which can rival New York and Paris in terms of modernity. As one of the world's leading economic and business cities, Shanghai's modernity is evidenced by the ambitious skyline.

• Most recommended attractions: the Bund , Yu Garden , Zhujiajiao Water Town , Disneyland Park , Shanghai World Financial Center
• Unique experience: experience the world's fastest train, enjoy some leisure time in Chinese gardens and water towns, visit Disneyland, have a bird's-eye view of the financial center
• Days suggested: 1-3 days (see more on  How Long to Spend in Shanghai )

Unlike Beijing, there are not many famous tourist attractions in Shanghai. However, the beauty of visiting Shanghai lies not in scurrying from site to site but in the feel of the city's modern atmosphere.

Shanghai has a 144-hour (6 days) transit visa-free policy , and you can extend your trip to Hangzhou, Suzhou, and Nanjing. What's more, the policy is valid for travelers who reach Shanghai by boat, train, or flight.

• How to Plan a Shanghai Tour
• Recommended tour: 2-Day Shanghai's Old and New Collision , 2-Day A Journey to the Future

7. Hangzhou — Next Best Place to Heaven

When Marco Polo came to Hangzhou in the 13th century, he declared it "the most beautiful and elegant city in the world". There is a popular Chinese saying: "Above there is heaven, below there are Hangzhou and Suzhou."

• Most recommended attractions: West Lake , Lingyin Temple , National Tea Museum , Wuzhen Water Town
• Unique experience: cycle around West Lake, enjoy a spectacular live performance on the lake , relax in the water towns, experience the Chinese tea culture
• Days suggested: 1-2 days

Hangzhou's "heavenly" beauty attracts hundreds of thousands of travelers, and it has a 144-hour visa-free policy. There are also convenient high-speed trains from/to Shanghai.

• How to Plan a Hangzhou Tour
• Recommended tour: 2-Day Hangzhou West Lake and Dragon Well Tea Tour

8. Huangshan — Majestic Beauty

Huangshan is steeped in picturesque natural landscapes and history. Marvel at the peculiarly-shaped rocks and pines on the Yellow Mountains, appreciate the ancient-styled dwellings in Xidi and Hongcun villages.

• Most recommended attractions: the Yellow Mountains , Xidi Village , Hongcun Village
• Unique experience: spectacular mountain views, sea of clouds, photography tour , enjoy a hot spring , visit ancient villages
• Days suggested: 3-4 days

The Yellow Mountains give people a stunning mountain views, and ancient villages present ancient China's elegance and tranquility with well-preserved ancient folk houses and flowing rivers.

The villages, for example Hongcun , around the Yellow Mountains were once considered to be the utopia of ancient China .

• How to Plan a Huangshan Tour
• Recommended tour: 3-Day Ancient Villages and Yellow Mountains Tour , 3-Day Escape to Huangshan from Shanghai or Hangzhou

9. Suzhou — Elegant Water Towns and Gardens

Suzhou is famous for the water towns around it and its traditional Chinese gardens. The gardens harmoniously mix man-made landscapes with natural scenery: architecture, painting, calligraphy, and horticulture are combined, and enclosed like pearls by walls. China's water towns hold the quintessential image of traditional Chinese villages.

• Most recommended attractions: Humble Administrator's Garden , Lingering Garden , Tongli Ancient Town , the Grand Canal
• Unique experience: visit classic gardens , relax in quiet water towns, enjoy boating on the Grand Canal

30 minutes by high-speed train from Shanghai, 5 hours from Beijing, it is very convenient to combine Beijing, Shanghai, and Suzhou in a tour.

• How to Plan a Suzhou Tour
• Recommended tour: 1-Day Suzhou Highlights Tour , 5-Day Yangtze River Delta Bullet Train Tour

10. Hong Kong — Like Nowhere Else on Earth

Hong Kong is a fusion of cultures. Remnants of its colonial past, British culture, share space with Chinese tradition. It is also a world-renowned shopping paradise, known for its tourist-friendly atmosphere and numerous options.

• Most recommended attractions: Victoria Peak , Victoria Harbor, Disneyland
• Unique experience: bird's-eye view from Victoria Peak, shopping at street markets , enjoy authentic dim sum, family time in Disneyland
• Days suggested: 1-3 days

The huge shopping malls of Central and Admiralty and the street fashion factory in Causeway Bay are reasons for many travelers to make their Hong Kong trips. And if you have to transfer via Hong Kong, here are 5 things to do to make the most of your stopover time .

• How to Plan a 3-Day Tour of Hong Kong's Highlights
• Recommended tour: Half-Day Hong Kong Island Tour

Look for Some Unusual Destinations?

If you have been to the destinations above or you prefer to the off-the-beaten places, you could take the following destinations into consideration.

• The Silk Road ( Dunhuang , Zhangye , Urumqi , Kashgar ): see specail landscape — rainbow mountains; splendid Dunhuang Mogao Caves; Uyghur culture; desert activities...
• Ningxia (Zhongwei): wonderful desert experiences; one of China's best wine producing areas; desert camping, luxury desert hotel experience...
• Inner Mongolia : vast grassland scenery; splendid golden euphrates poplar forests; Nadam Festival...
• Qinghai : fantastic lake views — Qinghai Lake and Chaka Salt Lake; experience Buddhist culture on the Ancient Silk Road...
• Gansu : discover Tibetan culture outside Tibet; stunning plateau scenery...
• Sanya : sunshine, happy beach time, various water sports...

Recommended Tours

• 11-Day Along the Great Silk Road
• 8-Day Miraculous Qinghai and Legendary Silk Road Tour
• 3-Day Zhongwei Desert Tour with Winery Experience
• 6-Day Gannan Pure Land Tour
• 7-Day When Silk Road Culture Meets Fabulous Fall Colors

Visit China with China Highlights

It is not easy to organize an itinerary to all these attractions on your own. For a first trip to China , most choose to visit the Great Wall and Forbidden City in Beijing, view the Terracotta Army in Xi'an, and see the Shanghai skyline and enjoy stunning scenery in Guilin

These are our bestsellers , featuring the best cities to visit in China:

• The Golden Triangle — See Beijing, Xi'an, Shanghai with their highlights and no rush thanks to our 8-day, time-smart itinerary.
• China's Classic Wonders — The most popular destinations in China with all the highlights

There are many options for return trips to China, you can get inspirations from these top places provided on this page, or tell your interests to our travel advisor, and they will help you tailor make a China trip!

• 11-Day China Family Tour
• 9-Day Beyond the Golden Triangle
• 14-Day China Natural Wonders Discovery
• 13-Day A Broad Taste of China
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15 Best Cities to Visit in China

By Alex Schultz · Last updated on May 4, 2024

The most populous nation in the world, China´s vast territory encompasses diverse peoples and places; all with their own unique cultures, customs and ways of life. As such, its cities beautifully highlight this rich cultural diversity and one could spend a lifetime exploring all the sights they have to offer.

With lovely temples, palaces and gardens on display, the best cities in China have a plethora of attractions for you to delight in and that´s without even mentioning two of its greatest tourist draws – the Great Wall of China and the Terracotta Army!

15. Chengde

With pagodas, palaces, lakes and more, this former summer home of the early emperors of the Qing Dynasty is still a lovely place to spend some time. Of particular interest is the amazing Eight Outer Temples complex which is spectacular and a must-see in Chengde. The Mountain Resort here is simply divine and the incredible architecture on show is mesmerising and the dreamy well-manicured gardens only add to the beauty of the scene.

A popular place to visit, the city of Dali´s Old Town is lovely to wander around and, framed by the beautiful Cangshan Mountains the main landmarks are the lovely city gates that mark each end of it.

With splendid scenery and pristine nature surrounding Dali, many people take to the mountains to hike along their winding paths and trails, reveling in the peaceful ambiance and fresh air. A great walk to do is wonderfully called the Cloud Traveller´s Path and takes you up to 2500 metres high.

13. Kashgar

Situated on the old Silk Road, Kashgar is remarkably closer to Damascus than it is to Beijing! Located in the most western part of China, visitors to the city need to cross a vast desert to get here and its remote setting is in part what makes it so interesting to visit. Kashgar remains an important trading post to this very day and consequently it has a fascinating mix of cultures and peoples who have moved here over the centuries.

The Old Town with its Uyghur architecture and lively bazaars are particularly great to visit and, with so many different cuisines available; it´s time to treat your stomach! Predominantly Muslim, the lovely Id Kah Mosque is a visible reminder of an identity that is increasingly under threat as more and more Han Chinese migrate to the city.

Before leaving, make sure to visit the Sunday market – here huge numbers of people from around Central Asia come to trade in the city and consequently there is a lively and bustling atmosphere about the place.

12. Nanjing

With its laidback vibe, clean streets and leafy avenues, Nanjing is possibly better to live in than to visit and many visitors simply pass through on their way between Beijing and Shanghai. Situated on the famous Yangtze River, Nanjing was once the capital of China and, although it is often overlooked; there are a number of nice places to stop by.

A great way to see many of its sights in one go is to take to the Qin Huai River and float past the mesmerising Confucius Temple and the huge Gate of China among others. With loads of tombs and mausoleums to visit in Nanjing and the surrounding area, many visitors spend most of their time exploring these impressive sites.

Famed for the incredible Ice Festival that takes places in the city each year, Harbin´s location in the far north of China means that it can get very cold. Due to its proximity to Russia, there is a lot of Russian influence in terms of culture and architecture and this makes Harbin a unique place to visit in China with the St. Sophia Cathedral being a particular highlight.

Lasting over two months from December to February, you definitely want to make your trip here during the Ice Festival as it is a spectacular extravaganza with everything carved out of ice and lights illuminating them beautifully.

Located in eastern China , Suzhou´s close proximity to Shanghai means that it is a popular day trip destination. Famed for its lovely gardens and traditional buildings that hug the waterside of the canals, locals and foreigners alike flock to Suzhou as it is the most famous water town in China. Its picturesque canals are delightful to wander along as small footbridges cross the water and paper lanterns hang from the buildings.

Although it has modernised drastically in recent decades, the city has retained pockets of its charming features that harken back to days gone by. The Humble Administrator’s Garden is a particularly peaceful place to stop by. At one time the capital of the Wu Kingdom, Suzhou was once one of the largest cities in the world. Since the days of the Silk Road, the city has attracted traders and craftsmen to its streets due to its fabled silk production and location in the Yangtze River Delta.

Located in the south of the country, ´The City of Eternal Spring´ as it is known is a great place from which to set off and explore the delights of the beautiful Yunnan Province. In Kunming itself the spectacular Yuantong Temple dates back to the eight century and is definitely worth a visit for the impressive stone carvings that can be found scattered around its premises. Tanhua Temple is becoming increasingly popular due to the lovely scenery it offers up.

8. Hangzhou

Very popular with tourists, Hangzhou is known for its stunning natural beauty with the idyllic West Lake being the very best of what is on offer with the Broken Bridge being the romantic highlight. Taking a boat trip on its tranquil waters is heavenly and you can stop off at various islands which each have their own individual features.

A number of temples and pagodas are scattered around the area and, with the water glimmering behind them; there are a plethora of beautiful views to be found. One of the most famous sites in the country, Lingyin Temple is a must-see in this breathtaking city.

The otherworldly scenery that is found in Giulin and its surroundings makes this an awe-inspiring place to visit. Relaxing on a boat drifting down the Li River is a magical experience as the spectacular karst features of the landscape pass by on either side of you. Shrouded in mist, they look mysterious and if you venture into the heart of breathtaking Yangshuo , you will find caves and grottoes hidden amidst the undergrowth. An incredibly beautiful city, many visitors to Guilin head to the Moon and Sun Pagoda for the lovely view it offers over the area.

6. Guangzhou

Dating back over two thousand years, Guangzhou´s location on the Maritime Silk Road means that it has ancient historical sites and, due to the diverse influences of traders on the city; an eclectic range of architectural styles. As the third largest city in China, Guangzhou is a hectic and chaotic place to visit and its vast size can threaten to be overwhelming.

Hidden amongst the endless concrete jungle however are some of the oldest temples in the country such as the Liurong Temple as well as the lovely 627 AD Huaisheng Mosque. A melting pot of cultures, Guangzhou is a frenetic yet interesting place to catch a glimpse into cosmopolitan China. Taking a boat trip on the river at night past the sparkling skyscrapers will live long in the memory and, with the most restaurants per capita; your stomach will also savour your trip to Guangzhou!

The capital of Tibet, Lhasa is a mesmerising city to visit and it is situated in a beautiful and mountainous environment in the Himalayas. The Potala Palace is the primary site of interest and the incredible building looks absolutely amazing. Jokhang Palace is also memorable to visit and it is home to Tibet´s most prized possession – an ancient and delightful statue of the Buddha. Very different from the rest of China; head here for an insight into the rich Tibetan culture.

4. Xi’an

With a plethora of historical sites littered around the city, it certainly is tough to see everything in Xi´an . The Army of Terracotta Warriors and Horses however is an absolute must and they really are spellbinding to behold. In addition to this you should also look to visit the city´s ancient city walls which protected Xi´an and enabled it to turn into the ruling seat of the Ming Dynasty. In fact, seventy-three emperors ended up ruling from here for over a thousand years and Xi´an was the capital of thirteen dynasties in total.

What we now know as Chinese civilization spread forth from this influential city and although rampant modernization has changed the face of Xi´an you can still find numerous sites that testify to its former glory.

3. Shanghai

As the largest city in China, Shanghai is a thriving place with a wealth of things to see and do. Lying on the banks of Huangpu River, the towering skyscrapers make for a spectacular sight and somewhat surprisingly; there are loads of Art Deco buildings to be found among them. Most tourists head straight to the Bund which is located alongside the riverbank and has an eclectic mix of colonial-era buildings.

See also: Where to Stay in Shanghai

Often called ´the museum of buildings´, the Bund is a relic to the foreign imperial powers that once ruled the city. Due to Shanghai´s rapid growth over the last century, the city is an eclectic mix of different architectural styles and as a commercial center it is great for shopping in. For a glimpse of old Shanghai, head to the Old Town and the lovely walled Yuyuan Gardens.

2. Hong Kong

This city of skyscrapers lies on Victoria Bay and behind it, a beautiful backdrop of forest-coated mountains only adds to the magnificence of the scenery. The nearby Victoria Peak is a great vantage point from which to behold the glistening Hong Kong in all its glory. Another fantastic way to take in the panorama is to take to the water and look up at the high-rises stretching towards the heavens before you.

See also: Where to Stay in Hong Kong

Cosmopolitan Hong Kong is a mishmash of cultures and peoples and that is in part what makes it so worth visiting. That and the lively markets – a shopper’s paradise! Nearby Lantau Island is a great destination for nature lovers looking to get out of the city.

With over twenty million people residing in the nation’s capital, Beijing is a bustling and expansive city with a plethora of attractions for visitors to delight in. As a first stop, many head to the huge Tiananmen Square which is bordered by so many fine buildings such as the Forbidden City which once housed the imperial court. With over a hundred museums dotted about the city as well as a number of palaces, temples and archaeological sites interspersed among the encroaching modern buildings; there certainly is a lot to see.

Make sure to take to the streets and try as much delicious food as possible! From Beijing, it is just under an hour to visit some of the nicest parts of the Great Wall of China. Twisting and weaving its way over the hills and mountains of the countryside; it really is an incredible feat of engineering.

Map of cities in China

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Top China Destinations

China is not only one of the largest countries in the world, but also one of the most popular travel destinations in the world. More than 55 million travelers from all over the globe swarm to China, then scatter to different region of the vast land each year. The diverse geographic forms create some of the best landscape in the world – beautiful mountains, rivers and gorges in southern China, splendid gobi and desert on the northwest, dominating high plateaus on the southwest, vast grasslands in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, etc. Most charming highlight of China is its fabulous culture and history made by its more than 5,000 years old civilization. Any of the longlasting imperial culture, folk culture, or the art of poem, calligraphy, painting and others, is enough for you to get amazed by the extensiveness and profoundness of Chinese culture. So where to explore above featured culture? Of course from the historical cities and destinations, such as Beijing, Xian, Chengdu, etc.

Learn about the history, culture, attractions, transportation, weather and other travel information about a destination that you are planning to visit is very necessary. So, based on the local expertise knowledge and experience, China Discovery has collected the most popular destinations all of which are unique and easily accessed for you to find your idea destination to go.

Northern China

The northern region used to the culture center of China. It is also the cradle of Chinese civilization. Here are three greatest ancient capital cities – Beijing, Xian and Luoyang. Dunhuang, the important destination of ancient Silk Road, has the most fabulous Buddhism arts. Pingyao is famous for its Shanxi Merchants’ culture. Datong is fascinating for its Buddhism sculpture art and gorgeous temples.

Southwestern China

The southwestern area is one of the most charming region in China. Here you can explore wild and unique ethnic culture in Lijiang, find the last horizon in Shangri-La, get close contact with the Giant Pandas in Chengdu, climb one of the top four Buddhism mountains – Mount Emei and visit Giant Buddha in Leshan, enjoy amazing waterscape of Jiuzhaigou, take a spiritual trip to Lhasa…

Southeastern China

The southeastern region used to be the “Land of fish and rice” because of its fertile earth and rich water resources. The best feature is the traditional water towns in Suzhou, Hangzhou and Shanghai. Besides, this area has one of the most beautiful mountains in China – Huangshan and the reputed "Garden City" - Xiamen.

Southern Central China

The best highlight of the southern central China consists of three parts - the stunning natural landscape, fascinating Lingnan culture and vibrant representative cities of China' Speed.

Diverse landforms creates unique vision feast for eyes - dominating stone mountains of Avatar world Zhangjiajie, peaceful and charming karst landscape in Guilin. The Yangtze River shows her most beautiful face in this region.

Don’t miss the Oriental Pearl - Hong Kong, Gambling Paradise - Macau, Shenzhen, Kung Fu and Cantonese Cuisine City - Foshan...

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Visit the ancient hearts, Beijing and Xian together with a high speed train experience, you will not only experience the long history of China, but also be amazed by the high-tech trains.

With the most amazing view under heaven, Guilin ranks the top of tourists’ travel list. Surely Yangshuo and Longsheng Counties are the must-goes for your Guilin travel.

If you've always been exploring the heavenly beauty and digging fantastic culture, then drive into the splendors of Jiuzhaigou and Chengdu on this exceptional tour.

Experiencing the exquisite Jiangnan-style elegance in Suzhou and Hangzhou, soaking in the excitement of Shanghai's vitality and busyness, being amazed at the four wonders of Huangshan.

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15 Unforgettable Chinese Cities To Visit On Your Next Trip

China is a vast country with a rich history and diverse regional cultures. From bustling modern megacities to ancient imperial capitals, China has something to offer every type of traveler. Here are 15 of the best cities to visit on your trip to China.

Beijing is China’s capital and one of the most popular destinations for visitors. As China’s political and cultural center, Beijing offers numerous historic sites like the Forbidden City , Tiananmen Square , the Temple of Heaven , and the Great Wall of China . Beijing also has vibrant shopping districts like Wangfujing and lively nightlife areas like Sanlitun .

Don’t miss top attractions like:

• The  Forbidden City , an impressive 15th century imperial palace complex with 9,999 rooms.
• Tiananmen Square , site of Chairman Mao’s mausoleum and the 1989 pro-democracy protests.
• The  Temple of Heaven , an ornate 15th century altar complex where emperors prayed for good harvests.
• The  Great Wall  at  Badaling  or  Mutianyu , two of the most popular restored sections near Beijing.
• The  Summer Palace , a sprawling imperial garden retreat with lakes, temples, and palaces.
• Wangfujing Street , Beijing’s famous shopping street with modern malls and traditional markets.
• Sanlitun , a trendy neighborhood with shops, bars, and nightclubs.
• The  798 Art District , a funky community of galleries, shops, and cafés housed in a former factory complex.
• Hutong  neighborhoods like Shichahai, old alleyways with courtyard residences, restaurants, and shops.

Beijing offers a great mix of historical sights and modern energy. Spend at least 3 full days exploring the capital.

2. Shanghai

Shanghai is China’s largest, most cosmopolitan city. As a bustling financial hub and port city, Shanghai has an ultra-modern skyline combined with European influences from its history as an international settlement. Don’t miss sights like:

• The Bund , Shanghai’s iconic waterfront promenade with colonial European buildings.
• Nanjing Road , China’s premier shopping street with huge malls and luxury stores.
• Yu Garden , a 16th century garden with ponds, pavilions, rockeries and tea houses.
• Shanghai Tower , the world’s 2nd tallest building with panoramic views from the observation deck.
• Shanghai Museum , one of China’s best museums exhibiting ancient bronzes, paintings, calligraphy and artifacts.
• Xintiandi , a high-end shopping and entertainment district known for  shikumen  stone houses.
• French Concession , an elegant residential neighborhood with European architecture, cafes, and boutiques.

Shanghai’s exciting mix of cultures and rapid growth make it a must-visit city. Plan a minimum of 2-3 days here.

3. Xi’an

Xi’an served as China’s capital and imperial center under several powerful dynasties. As one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Xi’an is steeped in history. Top attractions include:

• The  Terracotta Army , an underground mausoleum with thousands of lifesize terracotta soldiers from around 200 BC.
• The  City Walls , massive Ming Dynasty fortifications surrounding Xi’an’s old city.
• The  Great Mosque , a Chinese style mosque founded in the 8th century with lovely courtyards.
• The  Shaanxi History Museum , which houses artifacts from ancient capitals across the Shaanxi region.
• The  Giant Wild Goose Pagoda , a 7-story Buddhist pagoda with Tang Dynasty frescoes.
• The  Muslim Quarter , with bustling markets and street food stalls.
• The  Tang Dynasty Show , a performance with music and dance from the Tang era.

Xi’an’s ancient sites and culinary delights require 2-3 days to experience.

Guilin in Guangxi province is famous for the breathtaking karst limestone formations spread across its suburbs and the Li River. Some top sights include:

• A  Li River cruise  from Guilin to Yangshuo, passing mist-shrouded peaks, fishermen and water buffalo.
• Reed Flute Cave , a dazzling cave filled with stalactites, stalagmites and limestone formations illuminated in colored lights.
• Elephant Trunk Hill , a huge rock formation resembling an elephant drinking from the river.
• Seven Star Park , a park centered around seven karst pinnacles, with caves, gardens and hiking trails.
• Daxu Old Town , an ancient village with Ming and Qing dynasty architecture.
• Yangshuo , a laidback town surrounded by landscapes popular for hiking, biking and rock climbing.

Spend at least 2-3 days enjoying the scenery in Guilin and Yangshuo.

The capital of Sichuan province, Chengdu is renowned for its laidback teahouse culture and spicy Sichuan cuisine. Top sights include:

• The  Giant Panda Breeding Research Base , where you can view endangered giant pandas in a natural habitat.
• Jinli Ancient Street , a restored historic street lined with traditional buildings, shops, and restaurants.
• Wuhou Temple , a temple complex honoring 3rd century strategist Zhuge Liang with restored Qing architecture.
• Du Fu’s Cottage , a thatched cottage museum displaying the life of the Tang poet Du Fu.
• Sichuan Cuisine , trying authentic hot pot, mapo tofu, twice cooked pork and other fiery dishes.
• Teahouses , sipping tea while people watching or listening to Sichuan opera singers.

2 days is enough to see Chengdu’s highlights along with relaxing at a teahouse.

6. Hangzhou

Hangzhou has been renowned for its natural beauty since the Tang Dynasty poets like Li Bai wrote about West Lake’s ethereal landscapes. Top sights include:

• West Lake , Hangzhou’s iconic lake surrounded by gardens, pagodas, and causeways like  Broken Bridge .
• Lingyin Temple , an ancient Buddhist temple with a stunning feitian peak flying over the temple gate.
• Leifeng Pagoda , a 5-story octagonal pagoda on Sunset Hill beside West Lake.
• Six Harmonies Pagoda , a 16th century pagoda overlooking the Qiantang River.
• Dragon Well Tea Plantations , visiting the origin of China’s most famous green tea.
• Hangzhou’s Historic Hefang Street , with traditional shops, restaurants and tea houses.

Explore Hangzhou’s lakefront beauty for 2-3 days to relax from China’s bustling cities.

Suzhou is renowned for its classical gardens, canals, and silk production. Top attractions include:

• The  Humble Administrator’s Garden , the largest and most famous classical garden with ponds, pavilions and viewing platforms.
• The  Lingering Garden , another exquisite UNESCO World Heritage garden with interconnected halls, towers and ponds.
• The  Master of Nets Garden , a compact yet intricately designed garden reflecting Chinese aesthetics.
• Pingjiang Road , an arched street along a canal with museums, teahouses and boutique hotels in ancient buildings.
• The  Suzhou Museum , an architecturally stunning museum exhibiting ceramics, jades, paintings and calligraphy.
• Suzhou’s canals , taking a relaxing cruise to admire waterside gardens and old residences.

Suzhou deserves 2 days to unwind in its classical gardens and soak up the historical ambiance.

Lijiang in Yunnan province enchants visitors with its preserved old town and stunning scenery. Top sights include:

• Dayan Old Town , a maze of cobblestone lanes, wooden buildings, canals and stone bridges retaining ancient Naxi culture.
• Jade Dragon Snow Mountain , a towering snow-capped mountain great for hiking and cable cars.
• Black Dragon Pool Park , a scenic park with pavilions, gardens, and reflections of Jade Dragon Mountain.
• Dongba Cultural Museum , displaying the unique pictographic script, culture and religious artifacts of the Naxi people.
• Naxi Orchestra , listening to traditional Naxi music at the old town’s theater.
• Tiger Leaping Gorge , one of China’s deepest canyons with turquoise waters and scenic hiking trails.

Lijiang’s splendid scenery and Naxi heritage deserve 3 days minimum.

9. Huangshan

The iconic Huangshan or Yellow Mountains are renowned for their grotesquely shaped granite peaks protruding through seas of misty clouds. Top attractions include:

• Mount Huang  hiking, climbing the granite stairs and trails to marvel at the oddly-shaped rocks, pine trees, hot springs, and amazing views above the clouds.
• Tunxi Old Street , strolling past Ming and Qing era houses, shops, and teahouses.
• Hongcun village , an ancient village with gorgeous Ming and Qing architecture set in a picturesque landscape.
• Xidi and Hongcun villages , two ancient villages granted UNESCO status for their magnificent traditional architecture.
• Huangshan Hot Springs , soaking sore muscles after long hikes in the warm mineral waters.
• Shexian County , visiting the centuries-old Huangshan stone town and nearby villages.

Huangshan deserves 3 days to properly hike the mountains and take in the scenery.

10. Zhangjiajie

The stunning karst spire mountains of Zhangjiajie National Park inspired the natural settings for Avatar. Top sights include:

• The spire-like  quartzite rock formations , particularly the 3,540 foot tall  Avatar Hallelujah Mountain .
• Tianzi Mountain , taking the world’s highest cable car up this 3,200 foot tall mountain for phenomenal views.
• Glass Bridge , walking this vertigo-inducing transparent bridge suspended 3,870 feet above the valley floor.
• Golden Whip Stream , hiking along this gorgeous canyon with emerald pools, waterfalls, cliffs and caves.
• Bailong Elevator , riding this glass elevator along a cliff face for panoramic mountain vistas.
• Yuanjiajie  scenic area, with iconic spire mountains like the Southern Sky Pillar.

Zhangjiajie’s towering avatar mountains warrant 2-3 days for photography, awe-inspiring hikes and panoramic views.

11. Hong Kong

While technically a special administrative region, Hong Kong combines Chinese heritage with 150 years of British colonial influence. Must see attractions include:

• Victoria Peak , riding the tram up Hong Kong Island’s tallest mountain for sublime skyline views.
• Star Ferry , crossing Victoria Harbour on an iconic green and white ferry for harbor views on the cheap.
• Central’s Mid-Levels Escalators , the world’s longest outdoor covered escalator system traversing steep hills.
• Lantau Island , taking the cable car to visit the Tian Tan Big Buddha and Po Lin Monastery.
• Hong Kong Disneyland , visiting Mickey and friends at Hong Kong’s own Disneyland.
• Lan Kwai Fong , experiencing Hong Kong’s bustling nightlife district.
• Temple Street Night Market , bargaining for deals on clothes, souvenirs and gadgets.

Hong Kong’s sights and shopping deserve 3 days minimum.

12. Yangshuo

Although small, the quaint village of Yangshuo rewards visitors with splendid karst mountain scenery. Attractions include:

• Floating down the  Li River  on a bamboo raft, passing iconic peaks like Yellow Cloth Shoal.
• Biking or walking through  Moon Hill Park  around the massive moon-shaped hole eroded through the limestone.
• Hiking through terraced rice fields to the summit of  Folded Brocade Hill  for panoramic views.
• Watching  Impression Liu Sanjie  , a music and light spectacular staged on the Li River.
• Exploring the country roads and villages around Yangshuo by bicycle or motorbike.
• Trying your hand at  rock climbing  on the limestone sport climbing routes just outside town.

Yangshuo’s laidback atmosphere and scenery deserve 2-3 days in the countryside.

13. Jiuzhaigou

In northern Sichuan, Jiuzhaigou National Park stuns visitors with its multicolored lakes, waterfalls, forests and snowy peaks. Top sights include:

• The blue, green and golden hues of  Jiuzhaigou ‘s crystal clear lakes.
• Nuorilang Waterfall , one of Jiuzhaigou’s widest waterfalls thundering into a turquoise pool.
• Shuzheng Lakes and Waterfalls , over a dozen tranquil lakes linked by cascading waterfalls.
• Walking along wooden boardwalks through vibrant forests and meadows.
• Riding over blue lakes and snowy mountains on the park shuttle bus.
• Tibetan villages where you can sample yak butter tea and handicrafts.
• Photographing the snowcapped  Minya Konka  or Ganzigou mountains from overlooks.

Jiuzhaigou warrants 2-3 days to fully experience the park’s pristine beauty and tranquility.

The former Portuguese colony of Macau blends southern European influences with Chinese heritage. Top sights include:

• The UNESCO listed  Historic Center  with Portuguese shops, homes and forts like the Ruins of St. Paul’s.
• Walking along the  Senado Square  town plaza flanked by pastel buildings.
• Admiring Macau’s modern skyline from the 338m high  Macau Tower .
• Sampling fusion cuisine like Portuguese chicken and African chicken at restaurants.
• Playing casino games or enjoying shows at hotels like the opulent Venetian Macao.
• Riding the gondola lift up to the  A-Ma Temple .
• Shopping for almond cookies and other sweets at Koi Kei Bakery.

Macau’s unique fusion of East and West deserves 1-2 days of exploration.

In Yunnan’s Cang Mountain range, the ancient town of Dali charms visitors with its pagodas, historic gates, temples, and stone paved streets. Top attractions include:

• Walking the historic  Foreigners’ Street  lined with traditional Bai minority shops and homes.
• Climbing the city walls and nine dragon spires of  Chongshen Pagoda  for panoramic views.
• Browsing for handicrafts at the  Dali Old Town  street market.
• Escape the old town’s crowds by biking around  Erhai Lake  and local villages.
• Exploring the sandstone grottoes and carved niches at  Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple .
• Learning about Bai culture at the  Dali Museum  housed in an ancient aristocratic mansion.

Dali’s ancient ambiance deserves 2 days minimum.

Start Planning Your Trip!

China offers diverse destinations from modern megacities to ancient capitals, natural splendors and ethnic minority villages. Each city provides a window into a different regional culture. Use this list of the 15 best cities to visit in China to start planning an itinerary that covers the country’s highlights based on your interests. With China’s efficient high-speed rail system, you can easily get around between cities and regions. Immerse yourself in China’s history, culinary adventures and stunning landscapes on a trip you’ll never forget!

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The 10 best cities in China for travellers

Ah, China. It’s difficult to think of a country more diverse in its landscapes, its people, its cuisine, and its reasons for reeling travelers in.

And although it’s incredibly scenic (yes, of course there’s the  Great Wall , but also so much more ), its cities are where much of the country’s magic happens. The best cities in China are destinations that can be confronting and chaotic, bewildering and beautiful all at once.

We’re talking places where skyscrapers are constructed at lightning speed next to humble alleyways serving the best dumplings you’ve ever had. Cities where vendors sell everything under the sun, where you can walk for hours and stumble upon a million different neighborhoods, destinations where you can spend years and not see everything.

Muslim Quarter of Xi’an

And, as you know, it’s an incredibly large country with a vast array of cities – so, where to begin? We think this list is a pretty good place. We got in touch with Intrepid’s very own China local, country expert and Destination Manager, Karen Zhao, to get her picks on the best cities in China for culture, nightlife, food and more. And we compiled them into this all-encompassing guide.

It features the must-see spots, the overlooked gems, and pretty much everything else you could want to know about China’s best cities. Enjoy!

The best city in China for culture: Xi’an

This is a tough one, seeing as Beijing has the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square, the National Museum of China, and all the accolades a capital city tends to get. That said, Xi’an – the capital of central China’s Shaanxi Province – has more than its fair share of cultural sights and tourist attractions.

Xi’an

The must-visit place is the Terracotta Army Museum which is world-famous already. One of the greatest archaeological sites in the world, it’s a collection of collection of life-size terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China.

Insider tip from Karen Zhao, Intrepid’s China Destination Manager (and someone who lived in Xi’an for 7 years!):

There is also another similar museum showcasing Terracotta figures from 2000 years ago, called the Hanyangling Mausoleum. This mausoleum is pretty underrated; in fact it’s almost even better than the Terracotta one. The setup and design actually give you the chance to go into the pit and see the ancient tomb and its contents up-close. It’s also not as crowded as the Terracotta Museum either. You can visit this museum on our 15-day ‘Travel the Silk Road’ trip .

Xi’an offers so much more than museums such as these. A bike ride on top of the city wall is one of the best ways to experience the city and its history. These fortifications date back to about 600 years ago (i.e. Ming Dynasty times) and make up the only intact ancient city wall in China.

Another can’t-miss experience is visiting the city’s Muslim Quarter. Situated right behind the Drum tower, it’s one of the most lively and unique neighborhoods in all of China. Soak up all the culture and as much delicious food as possible (Xi’an is known for its cold noodles). It’s overwhelming for the senses, but in the best possible way.

Making noodles in Xi’an’s Muslim Quarter

READ MORE: 8 OF CHINA’S MOST INCREDIBLE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES

The best city in China for nightlife: Hong Kong

Again, this is tough. Shanghai and Hong Kong both have excellent, all-hours nightlife. But we’ll give the crown to Hong Kong, seeing as cultural activities – like theaters and movies – are as big a part of the nightlife as drinking, clubbing and KTV (karaoke).

Fire off, we’re aware that Hong Kong is an autonomous territory and former British colony, but we’d go so far as to say that the nightlife is so diversified, in part, due to this history.

So, where to visit when the sun goes down? Well, you might want to get the tram to Victoria Peak, which offers up panoramic views over the city’s sprawling high-rises. You could also watch the nightly light show that illuminates the city’s buildings with laser light displays and pyrotechnic fireworks. Or head to Kowloon, in northern Hong Kong, to visit Temple Street Night Market, an iconic spot for street food. Kowloon has fewer iconic skyscrapers than Hong Kong Island proper, but the fantastic sky-high bars (Eyebar and Ozone Sky Bar) more than make up for it.

Mongkok, Kowloon by night

Last but not least, head to Lan Kwai Fong, or “LKF”, as the locals and expats call it. This small section of Hong Kong’s Central Business District has over 90 restaurants and bars. If it’s a big night out you want, this is where you’ll find it.

It’s also worth noting that Canton culture has a tradition of late evening dining, which is called “Ye Xiao”. In other words, restaurants and lots of street food stalls are at their busiest late in the evening. Some serve simpler food like porridge, noodles, fried rice, soup, and others more complicated eats like seafood or hotpot.

SPEND 2 NIGHTS EXPLORING HONG KONG’S WONDERS ON INTREPID’S 12-DAY VIETNAM & CHINA TRIP

The best cities in China for scenery: Yangshuo & Guilin

If you think that every city in China is a smoggy, sprawling metropolis, think again. There are tons of scenic spots, and none more dramatic than the stunning southern towns of Yangshuo and Guilin. Both in China’s Guangxi region, and just an hour or two apart, they perfectly showcase the area’s landscapes: karst mountains, rice paddies and picturesque countryside. In fact, the scenery is so iconic it’s long been depicted in different drawings and even on the 20 Yuan note.

Rice terraces just outside Guilin

In the past few years, both cities have attracted an increasing number of tourists. And although this means you have to venture just outside the urban areas to discover the tranquil charm, the Li River and area’s astonishing land forms are worth it.

What would we recommend to do in Yangshuo? Well, get your bearings with a short hike up to Moon Hill, a vista just outside the town. Try a Southern Chinese cooking class at Yangshuo Cooking School. Or sit back and relax with a small cruise down the river.

Boat trip in Yangshuo

Finish up by watching an outdoor light show staged by 2008 Beijing Olympics’ Opening Ceremony director Zhang Yimou.

How do Intrepid trips to Yangshuo and Guilin make the visit more special? Karen Zhao, Intrepid’s China Destination Manager, says:

We normally do a bike ride through the countryside and have lunch at a local farmer’s house, a great experience!

Although Guilin has similar scenery that you can enjoy in a similar way, there are several cool sights worth noting. First off, Reed Flute Cave is a fascinating limestone cave formation that’s been enhanced by multicolored lighting. Secondly, another must-see is the city’s twin pagodas, the Sun and Moon, lit up at night.

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The best city in China for food: Chengdu

Where to begin?! There is simply so much more to Chinese cuisine than the fried rice and the sweet ‘n’ sour pork you order at your local takeout.

Begin in Chengdu. There’s a reason our 12-day Food Trip through China starts there. The UNESCO City of Gastronomy and capital city of the Sichuan Province is truly in a class of its own. Yep, there’s a reason there’s so many Sichuan restaurants are so popular in the West. The food scene here is that amazing.

Start off exploring Jinli Street, famous for its historic atmosphere and local snacks in equal measures. Enjoy sticky rice cakes with sesame sauce, spicy chicken on a stick, sweet rice jelly, fried beef pancakes and, for the more adventurous, spicy rabbits heads. From hole-in-the-wall restaurants to authentic markets to peaceful tea houses, there’s something for everyone in this city. But whatever you do, be sure not to miss out on Sichuan hot pot.

Sichuan hot pot in a restaurant in Chengdu

One of the country’s most renowned dishes, and roughly translating to ‘fire pot’, the communal pot of spiced broth that you dip your choice of ingredients into, is quite the (delicious and spicy) experience.

READ MORE: EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT VISITING CHENGDU

The best cities in China for relaxing: Chengdu & Shaxi

We just mentioned one of these, but we couldn’t resist giving it another shout-out…

Yes, Chengdu. Although one of the biggest cities in China, the pace of life is much slower than in Beijing and Shanghai. It still has the construction and development you’d expect from the country, but the locals here are genuinely some of the most chilled out people you’ll meet.

Just head to any park and you’ll see them socializing, exercising and partaking in any number of activities – from playing Mahjong to sipping tea in tea houses to practicing Tai Chi.

Dancing in People’s Park, Chengdu

Chengdu is more well-known for its Panda Base, a non-profit research and breeding facility for giant pandas and other rare animals. This is 100% worth a visit (it’s a highlight of our 21-day China trip ), but the parks are where you’ll really get to understand how locals have a ‘bashi’ life (‘bashi’ being local dialect for relaxed and casual).

Here in People’s Park – massive, popular year-round and one we’d recommend visiting – you can find people chilling by the artificial lake, practicing calligraphy on the park’s pavements, and enjoying one of the many informal dance classes on offer.

Calligraphy in People’s Park, Chengdu

If you’re looking for more of a town than a city, and somewhere with culture and beauty in abundance, we suggest heading to Shaxi in Yunnan. Deep into the countryside, this small town on the old Tea Horse Trail (ancient trade route) is like few others.

This is partly because it’s been restored rather than rebuilt, but also because the Bai people live here (an ethnic group in China who have maintained their traditions). See the original walled town and the Old Town Market Square, then go trekking in the nearby mountains.

If you visit Shaxi on our 13-day trip through lesser-discovered China , you will get the chance to stay in a family-run guesthouse where you can eat eat meals with and chat to the incredibly hospitable locals.

The best cities in China for few tourists: Xiahe & Quanzhou

There are so many places in China that are frightfully overlooked by tourists, but two places come to mind immediately.

The first, Xiahe, is not often on must-visit lists, but the Tibetan culture and its surrounding landscape means that it’s certainly worth the visit.

Situated in the south of Gansu province (an area recently rated the number one destination in Asia by Lonely Planet for 2017!) the Tibetan town lets you experience the religion in an incredibly authentic way. Be sure to explore the fascinating Labrang Monastery, where Tibetan monks can be seen going about their daily rituals.

Labrang Monastery, Xiahe

Although fairly off-the-beaten-path, you can visit Xiahe on this 13-day Intrepid trip . After visiting the monastery, our trips head out to the grasslands to have lunch with a local Tibetan family.

Another city that’s not known for tourism but is very tranquil is Quanzhou. Quanzhou marks the start of the Silk Road on the Sea, a Maritime Silk Route that’s completely different from the traditional Silk Road. The city has preserved a great atmosphere from its ancient heritage and has a variety of experiences to offer. Visit the local Buddhist temples, go to the seaside and try your hand at fishing, and indulge in the local food scene.

RELATED: 7 UNIQUE EXPERIENCES YOU CAN HAVE IN CHINA

The best cities in China final shout outs: Beijing and Shanghai

Although we’ve mentioned two of China’s biggest cities with regards to their culture and nightlife, it’d be a shame not to give them more credit.

Yes, the Peking Duck and proximity to the Great Wall are a great bonus of China’s capital (in addition to the fact it has pretty much every important political and cultural monument), but there’s so much more.

Where to begin? Well, aside from the fact Beijing has 6 Unesco World Heritage Sites, the hutongs (narrow alleys) offer an intriguing perspective into the city.

Hutong in Beijing

Some of these are designated as protected areas, to preserve their traditional history. And all of them show what everyday life is like, away from Beijing’s sometimes-clinical, more-modern parts. The hutongs near Nanluoguxiang (subway line 6) and Ping’anli (line 4) are easily accessible and great for a wander.

Another Beijing must-do is exploring 798 Art Zone. This is an area of disused, Mao-era factories now full of contemporary art galleries, bookshops and cafes.

RELATED: 6 BEAUTIFUL, SURREAL LANDSCAPES TO EXPLORE IN CHINA

Last but not least, Shanghai. The global financial hub is so fast-paced, so glamorous, so totally insane it defies comprehension. Attractions here are less defined but do walk down the Bund (glitzy waterside walkway) and visit the beautiful Yuyuan Gardens.

The Bund from above

Then get a glimpse into expat life in the tree-lined, restaurant-filled French Concession and rooftop haunts like Bar Rouge. Or see the city’s more traditional by exploring the water town of Qibao. Don’t leave without also visiting hip neighborhoods like Tianzifang, up-and-coming ones like The Cool Docks, and graffiti-filled ones like M50.

Phew, that’s probably enough for now. Shanghai is China in a nutshell – full of surprises, chaotic and completely captivating.

Tempted to visit this incredible, awe-inspiring country? Check out our range of small group adventures in China.

(Image credits from top to bottom: Intrepid Travel, Rebecca Shapiro, Intrepid Travel, Rebecca Shapiro x2, Intrepid Travel x2, Rebecca Shapiro x3, Intrepid Travel x2, Rebecca Shapiro x2)

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Bex Shapiro

Born in London and based in Toronto, Bex is happiest anywhere she can connect with interesting people over good food. She's passionate about sustainable travel and powerful storytelling, and her favourite cities are New York and Shanghai. She's also the Senior Editorial Manager at Intrepid. Follow her adventures on Twitter and Insta @BexShapiro.

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15 Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in China

Written by Bryan Dearsley Updated Jan 24, 2024

Ever since the world first discovered China through the writings of adventurer Marco Polo more than 700 years ago, this large Asian country has come to be regarded as the embodiment of all that is mysterious and exotic. Even now, after decades of economic growth, this vast country has lost none of its fascination. Indeed, the contrast between China's ancient customs and the new ultra-modern state that is developing has only increased the fascination with a culture that dates back many millennia.

It's a culture that is much celebrated by the Chinese themselves, as evidenced by the preservation of such important historic sites as the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace in Beijing, each recalling the days of China's emperors. And then, of course, there's the famous Great Wall, winding for 6,700 kilometers all the way from the Yellow Sea to Central Asia, while its countless shrines exude the spirit of age-old Eastern religions.

Thanks to its size, China as a tourist destination offers limitless scope for exploration. Whether you choose to travel aboard a luxury cruise ship through the picturesque Yangtze Gorges, visit a bustling city, or seek out the tranquillity of an ancient temple, this country is full of incredible experiences and sightseeing possibilities.

Discover fascinating, unusual, and adventurous things to do with our list of the top tourist attractions in China.

1. The Great Wall of China

2. the forbidden city & the imperial palace, beijing, 3. the terracotta army, xi'an, 4. the summer palace, beijing, 5. cruising the li river, guilin, 6. chengdu research base of giant panda breeding, sichuan, 7. the yangtze river and the three gorges, 8. the classical gardens of suzhou, jiangsu, 9. the potala palace, tibet, 10. shanghai's promenade: the bund, 11. hangzhou's historic west lake, 12. the mausoleum of light: the northern imperial tomb, shenyang, 13. leshan giant buddha, sichuan, 14. the hong kong skyline, 15. zhangjiajie national forest park, hunan.

"Nobody can be a true hero unless he has been on the Great Wall" goes the popular Chinese saying, one that clearly demonstrates the importance placed upon this unique ancient monument.

Known in Chinese as 'Changcheng', or the Long Wall, the magnificent Great Wall of China stretches more than 6,000 kilometers from the fortresses of Shanhaiguan in the east all the way to Jiayuguan in the west. Along the way, it passes through Hebei, Tientsin, and Beijing , where the best-preserved sections of the wall can be visited, as well as Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Gansu.

Averaging six to eight meters in height but rising as high as 16 meters and wide enough in places for five horses or 10 men to pass, the wall boasts numerous battlements and watchtowers. Some of the wall's oldest fortifications date back as far as the 7th century BC, with the best-known areas added around 210 BC when its various sections were joined together.

Today, the most visited section of the wall is near Badaling Pass northwest of Beijing, easily reached by public transport or organized tours. Other restored sections worth a visit include the section near Gubeikou , 130 kilometers from Beijing; and in Mutianyu , just 70 kilometers northeast of Beijing.

Location: Huairou District, China

China's largest and most important building, also known as the Imperial Palace, is situated in the very heart of Beijing and is a must-see when visiting the country. Started during the Yuan Dynasty between 1271and 1368, much of the complex seen today was built between 1406 and 1420.

Really many splendid palaces in one, this sprawling complex was the residence of 24 Ming and Qing Emperors whose presence forbade the entry of anyone other than the imperial family and their courtesans. Covering some 720,000 square meters and protected by a 10-meter-high wall with watchtowers and a wide moat, this massive complex consists of areas set aside for ceremonial and administrative purposes, as well as a private residence used by the emperor.

While it can take many hours to see everything, highlights include the five white marble Golden River Bridges; the Hall of Supreme Harmony, a 35-meter-tall building housing the imperial throne; and the exquisite emperor's banquet hall (the Hall of Preserving Harmony).

The Palace Museum with its large collection of art and artifacts from the Ming and Qing dynasties is another must-see.

Spread across an area of more than 720,000 square meters, this impressive nearly 100-year-old museum contains historic buildings that themselves date back to the early 1400s . It takes a lot of time to explore, so be prepared to spend at least a day here. If you can, do a little advance research using the museum's official English-language website to pre-plan the exhibits you're most interested in visiting.

Highlights include fine examples of paintings and ceramics. The museum also houses the country's vast collection of important works of art made from jade and bronze. English language museum tours are available.

Other important attractions in the vicinity of the Imperial Palace include the famous Tiananmen Square , and the Temple of Heaven . One of the country's most important religious sites,this impressive temple dates back to the 15th century.

Address: 4 Jingshan Front St, Dongcheng, Beijing, China

It was while digging wells on the outskirts of Xi'an in the 1970s that farmers stumbled across what was to be China's most important archeological find: the Terracotta Army.

Distributed over three large underground pits and built to guard the First Emperor's tomb, the find included more than 8,000 life-size warriors, some 520 horses, and more than 100 chariots, along with numerous other non-military characters dating from around 280 BC. Although some were severely damaged due to the passing of time, many of the statues unearthed have been painstakingly re-assembled and stand as a testament to the importance bestowed upon the emperor and the afterlife.

This remarkable find is part of Emperor Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Site Park and is one of China's most important tourist destinations. It offers the unforgettable experience of standing in front of this assembly of soldiers and horses as if inspecting a centuries-old parade. English-language guided tours are available.

Address: Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China

An easy 15-kilometer commute from Beijing, the sumptuous Imperial Summer Palace (Yíhé Yuán) is set amid more than 700 acres of beautiful parkland and is one of China's most visited attractions. While the palace itself was built in 1153, its large lake was added in the 14th century to enhance the Imperial Gardens .

Highlights include the magnificent Hall of Benevolence and Longevity (Renshou Dian), with its throne; and the beautiful Great Theatre, a private three-story structure built in 1891 to satisfy the imperial family's love of opera. This historic venue is still used for performances of traditional Chinese plays and musical events and is worth a visit for a performance or show.

Other highlights include the Hall of Happiness and Longevity (Le Shou Tang Hall) with its lovely gardens and courtyards, as well as many miles of picturesque pathways and walking trails.

If time allows, try to also take in the ruins of the Old Summer Palace in Yuanmingyuan Park. Said to have once been one of the country's most elaborate and architecturally attractive palaces, this once impressive structure was destroyed by colonial forces in the mid-1800s.

Address: 19 Xinjiangongmen Rd, Haidian District, China

The town of Guilin in the northeast corner of Guangxi boasts some of China's most beautiful countryside. It's famous for the Li River which meanders through the town and surrounding karst mountains.

While for hundreds of years this unique scenery has attracted poets and artists and has been the subject of countless fairy tales and legends, these days, it's popular with tourists from around the world wanting to see this natural splendor up close.

The best way to enjoy the area is to take a cruise along the Li River . The most popular stretch is from Guilin to Yangshuo, where the river winds peacefully through some 80 kilometers of remarkable rock formations and caves with romantic names such as the Mount of Unique Beauty , Elephant Trunk Hill, and Reed Flute Cave .

You can choose from a tourist cruise ship to small bamboo punts, and depending upon the type of boat used, trips can take anywhere from a few hours to multiple days.

No visit to China would be complete without at least one panda experience. While the country's top zoos boast many fine specimens of these fascinating creatures, the best place to see them in a close approximation to their natural habitat is at the excellent Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in Chengdu in the province of Sichuan.

Here, you'll have the chance to watch as many as 80 pandas go about their daily routines, from foraging to playing in the facility's large park-like setting. In addition to viewing these splendid animals up close, you'll learn a great deal about them from the many permanent exhibits and displays detailing ongoing conservation efforts to safeguard their future.

If possible, try to time your visit for the morning feeding sessions. Not only are the pandas at their most active, it's also when you'll get some memorable photos. Better still, sign up for one of the unique experiential volunteer programs that will have you involved in the feeding and care of these cuddly creatures - and possibly even holding a baby panda. English language tours are available.

Address: 1375 Xiongmao Ave, Chenghua District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

• Read More: Top Tourist Attractions in Chengdu & Easy Day Trips

Known in China as Chang Jiang ("Long River"), the mighty Yangtze River extends more than 6,000 kilometers, making it the longest and most important river in China. It also has the distinction of being the third longest in the world after the Amazon and the Nile.

Flowing from Tibet in the west to Shanghai in the east through eight provinces, the Yangtze has, for more than 2,000 years, been China's major transportation route as some 2,700 kilometers are navigable. Its vast catchment area, with its 700 tributaries, covers about one-fifth of the total area of the country and encompasses a quarter of the country's agricultural land.

While its immense length ensures the river can be visited at numerous points in China, by far the most popular for tourists is the beautiful Three Gorges. Named Qutang, Wu, and Xiling, they cover a 200-kilometer stretch between the towns of Fengjie and Yichang. In places a mix of raging torrents and dangerous shallows, here the river winds its way through the gorges and their rugged cliffs and high mountain peaks in a stretch of scenery as dramatic as the Grand Canyon.

Numerous sightseeing options are available, from luxurious riverboat cruises focusing on the region's many historical attractions and places of scenic beauty to challenging adventure tours along the most dramatic sections of the river.

Considered one of the world's most important historic gardens and designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Classical Gardens of Suzhou should rank highly on your China travel itinerary. Located in the historic city of Suzhou in Jiangsu province, these magnificent gardens were established in the 11th century, at a time when the city was experiencing unprecedented growth, and were among some 270 or more gardens planted here.

Of the surviving restored gardens, the most famous is the delightful Garden of Lingering . This seven-acre garden was laid out in 1800 on the site of a park originally created during the Ming Dynasty. One of the most famous garden complexes in China, it boasts a pool, several attractive buildings, a man-made hill, a grove of peach trees, and a lovely covered pathway on the walls of which hang more than three hundred stone tablets engraved with old Chinese characters.

Also worth visiting is the Garden of the Cang Lang Ting Pavilion . This two-acre garden offers many unique features, including a double arcade connecting the inner and outer sections.

Address: 178 Dongbei St, Gusu District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

Another of China's most recognizable historic structures is the magnificent Potala Palace in the town of Lhasa, Tibet. Constructed as a fortress and residence for the Dalai Lama, it was for centuries a center of political and religious power and contains many of the religion's most important treasures.

The first of the two Potala Palaces, the Red Palace , was built in the 17th century and contains the complex's most important shrines. These are found in the Enthronement Hall, the walls of which are covered with murals depicting scenes from the lives of the Dalai Lamas and the Tibetan kings. Other highlights of the Red Palace are its many vast halls devoted to the religion's teachings and the elaborate tombs, known as "stupas," of a number of Dalai Lamas.

The equally impressive White Palace was completed in 1648 and includes the sleeping quarters, studies, and reception rooms, most untouched since 1959 when the Dalai Lama fled Tibet. While in Lhasa, be sure to visit the superb Jewel Gardens . Part of the Dalai Lama's summer residence, these 90-acre gardens were first started in the 1840s and encompass everything from grand palaces and pavilions to pleasant lakes.

Address: 35 Central Beijing Road, Lhasa, Tibet, China

A remarkable act of smart city planning and preservation can be seen in Shanghai's splendid riverside promenade, the Zhongshan Lu, perhaps better known as the Bund (Wàitan). As you stroll this wide pedestrian zone along the Huangpu Jiang River, you'll almost forget you're bang-smack in the middle of China's largest city (Shanghai's population exceeds 24 million people).

Famous for its European feel, a fact owed to the district's past as the location of the city's International Settlement, the Bund is popular for its 52 preserved English- and French-influenced buildings, many now restaurants, cafés, stores, and art galleries. Representing a variety of influences from Gothic to Renaissance styles including a number of Art Deco buildings, the architecture includes highlights such as the old harbor customs office, with its bell tower, and the majestic Peace Hotel.

For the best views of the Bund, visit the 468-meter Oriental Pearl Tower on the opposite bank of the Huangpu Jiang River. If time allows, be sure to also visit the Yu Garden. Known affectionately as the "Garden of Happiness," this must-see garden can trace its roots back to 1559 when it was laid out. Many of the original structures survive to this day.

Address: Zhongshan East 1st Rd, Wai Tan, Huangpu, Shanghai, China

• Read More: Top Tourist Attractions in Shanghai & Easy Day Trips

Few cities in China can boast quite the same concentration of splendid historic sites and ancient temples as the city of Hangzhou (Hangchow). Capital of Zhejiang province and located at the southernmost end of China's famous Grand Canal , much of this rich collection is gathered around lovely West Lake, a six-kilometer-square stretch of water in the heart of the old city which is surrounded by numerous hills, pagodas, and temples.

Divided into five distinct sections by man-made causeways dating back as far as the 11th century, it's a marvelous area to explore on foot as you cross from one stretch of water to the next, only to be met with another cluster of fine old buildings. It's particularly pleasant in spring when its many peach trees are blossoming.

Part of the fun is lingering on the lake's many fine old bridges, one of the best being the Broken Bridge (Duanqiao) linking the Baidi Causeway with the shore, and exploring Little Paradise Island with its four mini-lakes linked by the zigzagging Bridge of the Nine Arches .

Be sure to hop aboard one of the many tour boats and small pleasure craft available to whisk you around the lake. And if time permits, stick around for the fun musical fountain show held each evening.

• Read More: Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Hangzhou

In China's mountainous northeastern region is the old city of Shenyang. This important center for trade and culture is home to the Mausoleum of Light (Zhaoling), also known as the Northern Imperial Tomb.

One of northeastern China's most important historic sites, it's included on the UNESCO World Heritage Site's list of Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and is noted for its unique architectural style: a combination of traditionally arranged Chinese burial sites and castle-like buildings of the early Qing period.

Buried here in a vast site covering more than 180,000 square meters that took eight years to complete is Emperor Huang Taiji, who reigned from 1626-35. The site is notable for its 'Path of Souls', a laneway lined with stone columns and sculptures of the emperor's favorite horses.

Another important site is the imposing Imperial Palace dating from the early Qing era, the second largest completely preserved palace complex in China after the Imperial Palace in Beijing. The complex served as a residence for the first Qing Emperors and includes several splendid courtyards around which are grouped numerous buildings, including the Hall of Exalted Government (Chongzheng Dian) housing the imperial throne.

Location: Huanggu District, Shenyang, China

" The mountain is a Buddha and the Buddha is a mountain. " So goes the famous Chinese saying, one that's attributed to the spectacular 71-meter-tall Leshan Giant Buddha. And it certainly makes sense as you stand at its feet as the colossal statue towers high above you.

Started in AD 713 by a Buddhist monk and completed 90 years later, this important religious icon is carved entirely from a stone cliff face and is the largest Buddha sculpture in the world. Representing the Buddha Maitreya, the statue is even more dramatic given its location overlooking the river that it was designed to appease which had often proven treacherous for shipping.

Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Giant Buddha continues to draw huge numbers of pilgrims from across the globe and is widely regarded as one of China's must-visit attractions. Easily accessible from the city of Chengdu , the Leshan Giant Buddha can be reached by a fun ferry trip from the public docks in Leshan. The scenic park in which the Buddha is set is also worth exploring, so be sure to allocate sufficient time to your itinerary.

Address: 2345 Lingyun Rd, Shizhong District, Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan, China

Widely considered one of the world's most dramatic city skylines - as much a result of its having one of the highest concentrations of skyscrapers as it is the presence of the tall hills that frame them - Hong Kong has for decades been the bustling capital of finance and commerce in this part of the Pacific. And it's a cityscape that can be enjoyed from a number of different vantages.

One of the best views is from Victoria Peak on Hong Kong Island, where the skyscrapers frame the city's huge harbor, a special treat after nightfall. Equally stunning is the view from Victoria Harbour itself. Here, you can also take one of Hong Kong's famous ferries. Operated by the Star Ferry company, you can hop aboard and head to various points to wander and explore, such as Kowloon. Or you can simply stay on board and enjoy the views.

If possible, try to time your trip to coincide with the nightly laser extravaganza, a stunning 360-degree laser-light show that uses the harbor's skyscrapers as a magical backdrop. For the best views, try to catch the show from the Kowloon side of Victoria Harbour.

Traveling with family? If so, you'll want to include Hong Kong Disneyland on your travel itinerary. China's first Disney theme park opened in 2005 and while visitors will notice many of the same rides as in the brand's other properties, careful attention was paid to China's cultural heritage. A highlight for fans of Disney's animated movies is the new in 2023 World of Frozen , while 2024 will see the opening of Stark Expo , an area dedicated to the characters of the Marvel universe.

• Read More: Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Hong Kong

When you first set eyes on Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in Hunan province, it's certainly not difficult to see how filmmaker James Cameron was able to draw inspiration from it.

Cameron's box office hit Avatar , could well have been set in this area of stunning natural beauty, its many unique pillar-like rock formations looking like some incredible alien landscape right out of a sci-fi movie. One of the tallest pillars, standing at an impressive 1,080 meters, has been renamed "Avatar Hallelujah Mountain."

This is one of the lesser-known places to visit in China, but it's well worth the effort to get here. In addition to its many natural wonders, which can best be explored as part of an organized tour, the park boasts a number of new man-made attractions. The first to be built was the Bailong Elevator, aka the "Hundred Dragons Sky Lift." Elevating groups of up to 50 people 326 meters skyward in under two minutes, it's an impressive structure and one that offers dramatic views all the way.

Also notable is the Zhangjiajie Grand Canyon Glass Bridge. Opened in 2016, it's heralded as the world's highest and tallest pedestrian bridge. Standing 300 meters above the ground and extending 430 meters along a spectacular cliff face, it's an attraction that's definitely not recommended for the faint of heart but one of the best things to do if you are looking to add a little adventure to your day.

Location: Wulingyuan District, Zhangjiajie, Hunan, China

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  Top 10 Chinese tourism cities

  

  News website Jiemian.com ranked 2020 top 50 tourism cities in China based on the number of visitors, tourism revenue, the proportion of tourism income, transportation and infrastructure.

  Beijing took the crown, followed by Chongqing and Shanghai, with the number of visitors and tourism revenue reaching 322 million and 586.6 billion yuan ($87.9 billion), 657 million and 573.4 billion yuan, and 370.37 million and 537.2 billion yuan in 2019, respectively.

  Moreover, the website also announced top 50 China's tourism cities with best cost performance, and Baoji, Yuncheng and Chongqing took the first three spots with the average consumption at 763 yuan per person, 850 yuan per person and 873 yuan per person last year, respectively.

  Here are the top 10 China's tourism cities.

  

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  Take a look inside the Chinese city that was designed to look like a 'little Russia' 150 years ago and is now host to the world's biggest ice festival

  • Harbin, a city in northeast China, was founded by Russian settlers in the 1900s.
  • The city is nicknamed "Little Moscow" for its Orthodox-style architecture.
  • Today, remnants of its Russian history can be seen mostly in the city's trade, food, and tourist attractions.

  This is Harbin, a city in China that was built by the Russians. The city is nicknamed "Little Moscow."

  

  Although Harbin is an economic and cultural hub in China, its streets are reminscent of European ones: Russian Orthodox churches and neoclassic buildings are landmarks in its city center.

  The city was founded by settlers in the late 1900s. It was "off-limits" to ethnic Chinese at the time, according to The Calvert Journal.

  Now, the city of over six million people comprises of mostly Han Chinese, the largest ethnic group in China . Remnants of Russian influence remain in the city today.

  "Russian culture is not just in terms of its physical architecture, it's quite embedded in our lifestyle as well," Shiran Geng, a Harbin-born PhD candidate at Australia's Victoria University told Insider. Geng co-wrote a research paper on the city's Russian influences and urban planning.

  "It's not until I went travelling in Europe and Russia [that] I realized many of the things that we've been eating are actually Russian influenced," she added.

  Harbin is located in northeastern China.

  

  Harbin is the largest city in northeastern China, covering an area of 53,100 square kilometers (around 20,463 square miles) , slightly smaller than the state of West Virginia .

  The city is the capital of Heilongjiang province , the northernmost province in China.

  The province shares a border with Russia that stretches almost 3,000 kilometers.

  Harbin was developed as a shortcut on the Trans-Siberian railway in 1898, per The Calvert Journal.

  

  China allowed Russia to build a railway station in Harbin, according to the publication.

  The Russians wanted to link Moscow with Vladivostok, a city in the Russian Far East , and made Harbin in 1989 the hub of the extended railway, per China Today.

  In the early 20th century, many Russians began immigrating to Harbin, per China Briefing.

  It's thanks to Russian construction projects like the railway that Harbin became an important industrial city in China in the 1950s, according to a paper by professors from the Harbin Institute of Technology.

  Among Harbin's Russian-influence landmarks is a park named after infamous Russian leader Joseph Stalin (pictured below), and a tourist town replicating a Russian town.

  

  Stalin Park was built in 1953  and was originally called Jiangpan Park. Several tour websites call the park "evidence of the friendship between China and Soviet Union."

  At Sun Island, where the famous Harbin snow festival is held, a "Russian Style Town" was created to offer tourists a localized experience of being in Russia. 

  A photo taken inside the town shows giant Russian tea dolls painted with the faces of current and former Russian leaders, including President Vladimir Putin and Vladimir Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union.

  However, Hengyi Zhao, a 26-year-old Harbin native, told Insider the tourist attractions are not indicative of what life looks like in the city at large.

  "We don't have many Russian writings [on the buildings] in the city now, only those in the [tourist] attraction zone to make our Russian style stronger for travelers," Zhao said. 

  "The Russian Style town is a tourist attraction, [so] locals don't really know what's in there," she added.

  Harbin's economic ties with Russia remain strong — in 2018, its main trade partners were located in Russia, according to state-owned outlet China Daily.

  

  The China-Russia expo, which began in 1990 to boost trade relations between the two nations , is held in Harbin.

  The 2019 expo generated more than 380 trade contracts amounting to 170 billion yuan ($24.78 billion), according to China Daily.

  Russia counts China as its biggest trade partner, according to state-run news agency Xinhua. China is Russia's 10th-largest trading partner.

  In 2016, Harbin Bank signed agreements with 21 Russian banks, a deal that was worth 13 billion yuan ($1.95 billion), according to Russian news agency TASS.

  "Harbin has a lot business with Russia and we have people choose to learn Russian as their second language over English," said Zhao.

  "Economically and culturally we are an alliance, it's a very natural thing," she added.

  While most Russian immigrants left Harbin in the 1950s, their influence can clearly still be seen in the city's architecture.

  

  Russian Orthodox churches like the Saint Sophia Cathedral (pictured above) are some of Harbin's most prominent landmarks .

  The cathedral was built in 1907 and was the center of spiritual life for 100,000 Russian settlers. But after Russian immigrants left, many churches were no longer used as religious sites. 

  The cathedral was converted into a military installation by the Japanese in World War II, according to SixthTone. Today, the churches have become a tourist attraction.

  "Some of them have been renovated or reused as galleries, museums, or tourist attractions," said Geng. "They are no longer in use [as churches]."

  Today, Harbin might best be known on an international scale for its snow festival, which spans over 600,000 square meters, making it one of the biggest ice festivals in the world.

  

  Nicknamed the "Ice City," Harbin has cold and long winters, with temperatures reaching a low of -22 Fahrenheit.

  "When [people] think about the city that I come from, they probably think about the weather first: the winter sports, the sculptures, the snow, the ice," said Geng.

  The Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival began in 1963. More than 10 million people were expected to visit the festival in 2019, making it one of the city's biggest tourist attractions, per Smithsonian Magazine. The festival runs for around two months.

  In 2017, the festival drew 28.7 billion yuan ($4.4 billion) in tourism revenue for the city, reported the AP.

  And in a nod to its Russian influences, some of the gigantic sculptures at Harbin's famed snow festival are created to resemble Eastern Orthodox churches, with distinctive domes and brick-like texture.

  Harbin's food, too, continues to be influenced by Russian cuisine.

  

  Russian food like sourdough bread, called "khleb," smoked sausage, and borscht are commonly eaten in Harbin, per the city's official website.

  "We have a specific diet," Geng said. "We do like to eat bread, which is not very common [in] other parts of China."

  Local dishes are also influenced by the broader northeastern Chinese cuisine, like "disanxian" — sauteed potatoes with green pepper and eggplant, and stewed chicken with mushrooms.

  Today, Harbin is trying to balance its Russian history and its Chinese identity.

  

  While many historical landmarks like churches are preserved, others are being demolished to "make room for expanding roads and cookie-cutter high-rise blocks," reported The New York Times.

  But the Russian structures that do remain are bound to remain part of the city's landscape for years to come.

  "It's a good balance of the occasional sort of Russian-influenced architecture," Geng said of the blend of modern buildings and Russian-style landmarks.  

  "They have been carefully preserved," she added. "So I don't see them being demolished anytime soon."

  
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  Russia Hoped for a Chinese Tourist Boom in 2023. It’s Still Waiting.

  Whenever Alyona Makogon walks through a tourist area near Lake Baikal these days, she is continually stopped by local business owners asking the same question: “When are the Chinese coming?”

  Before the pandemic, this picturesque Siberian lake was a magnet for Chinese tourists. Makogon, a Chinese-speaking tour guide, estimates that around one in two visitors to the area used to be from China. Local stores, hotels, and snowmobile tour operators all heavily depended on their spending.

  “I would see a group off at the airport and meet a new one at the same time,” Makogon told Sixth Tone. “Every hotel room was booked out half a year in advance. Tourist flow from China was enormous.”

  So when China finally relaxed its “zero-COVID” border restrictions in January, there was a surge in optimism on Lake Baikal. Locals hoped the return of Chinese tourists would help to offset the impact of the war in Ukraine, which has devastated Russia’s international travel industry.

  The flood of Chinese visitors, however, has yet to appear. So far, only 1,000-2,000 people from China have stayed at the lake this year, local businesses estimated — a tiny fraction of the numbers typically seen pre-pandemic. People working in the tourism sphere are speculating “impatiently” about when the situation might improve, Makogon said.

  The situation is similar all over Russia. In early 2023, many predicted that a rebound in Chinese tourism would give the Russian inbound travel sector a desperately needed shot in the arm. But those hopes are now fading, as China’s tourists show little inclination to return.

  Many believe that Russia is dangerous due to its proximity to the fighting in Ukraine. Others are put off by high prices and a lack of payment options — a result of the economic turbulence unleashed by the war and accompanying Western sanctions. Still others are finding it difficult to secure visas and flights, which were heavily restricted during the pandemic.

  Until the pandemic, China was crucial to Russia’s tourism industry. In 2019, nearly 1.5 million Chinese visited Russia, accounting for one-third of the country’s international visitors that year.

  Outside the palaces of St. Petersburg, lines of Chinese tourists often stretched for over a kilometer during peak season. Chinese agencies snapped up all the museum tickets and hotel rooms; locals grumbled that the city’s streets and stores were overwhelmed by tour groups.

  But after COVID-19 struck, Chinese tourist numbers collapsed. Tight restrictions on non-essential foreign travel became a key part of China’s “zero-COVID” strategy, which remained in place for nearly three years. In 2022, only 842 people from China entered Russia.

  Then came the war in Ukraine, and Russia effectively lost the rest of its international tourism. With Western sanctions cutting Russia off from international air travel and banking systems, foreign visitors to the country plunged by 94%.

  For Russia’s inbound tourism industry, China appeared to offer the only hope for a rebound. Beijing’s decision to relax travel restrictions in January 2023 sparked a wave of anticipation north of the border.

  Zarina Doguzova, the former head of Russia’s tourism regulator, said that Chinese tourists would be “key in the recovery of Russian inbound tourism.” Russian media rushed to cover the arrival of the first Chinese tour groups in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

  “The first Chinese group came at the end of February 2023,” said Polina Rysakova, a researcher at St. Petersburg State University who focuses on Chinese tourism. “It was received with a lot of pomp. Papers wrote about it; there was TV.”

  However, these early arrivals proved to be a false dawn. Over the following months, the number of Chinese traveling to Russia barely rose above a trickle.

  Zhang Hua’en, co-owner of the Beijing-based travel agency RomaRussia, said that he was sending six tour groups to Russia a day in 2019. But demand has been far lower this year.

  “We sent one group in March, four in April, and there will be 10 groups in May,” said Zhang, shaking his head.

  If current trends continue, only around 50,000 Chinese tourists will visit Russia this year, Zhang estimated. He’s struggling to keep his agency running due to the lack of business.

  Perfect storm

  There are several reasons for the slow recovery, Zhang said. The first is fear. Zhang often struggles to convince potential Chinese customers that Russia is a safe place to visit.

  “Every day I explain that in Russia everything is calm, and that the war is in Ukraine,” said Zhang. “Our government has not issued warnings about travel to Russia. But people will always be afraid of something.”

  Rysakova agreed that Chinese travelers’ confusion about the war is a significant issue. Chinese travel agencies have asked guides living in Russia to record videos, reassuring potential visitors that everything is fine in the country, she said.

  Another problem is the ongoing suspension of visa waivers for tour groups. Between 2000 and 2019, both China and Russia allowed tour groups from each other’s countries to travel freely for 15 days without needing to apply for individual visas — a policy that played a major role in fueling Russia’s pre-pandemic Chinese tourism boom.

  Russia is particularly popular with elderly Chinese, who grew up during the Soviet period and were raised on Russian and Soviet film, literature, and music. The visa waiver allowed tour groups to offer trips to Moscow and St. Petersburg for as little as 5,000 yuan ($710), which were hugely appealing to these cash-conscious older consumers. In 2019, over 80% of Chinese tourists traveled to Russia as part of a tour group.

  But the visa waiver was canceled during the pandemic, and is yet to be reinstated. It’s still unclear when — or if — the policy will come back into force.

  “It used to be reported in our media that it would happen very soon, but now it is not even mentioned anymore,” said Rysakova.

  “First we thought it would restart in March, then April,” said Zhang. “Now, we don’t even think about when. I call the Chinese travel ministry every day to ask.”

  The lack of a visa waiver is putting off many Chinese tourists from choosing Russia as a destination, Rysakova said. Anyone wanting to enter Russia now has to apply for an individual visa, which is “a lot of hassle and expensive.” The visa fee is 1,200 yuan.

  Visas are not the only extra cost. Since the start of the war in Ukraine, prices for a range of goods and services — from tour guides to museum and train tickets — have doubled or tripled in price in Russia, Zhang said. Travel agencies have been forced to hike prices for their Russian tour packages, which also makes it harder to attract customers.

  Once in Russia, tourists have trouble paying for anything, as Visa, MasterCard, and UnionPay no longer operate in Russia. Zhang’s customers now have to carry Russian rubles in cash, which they purchase in China before the trip.

  Even getting into Russia can be a problem these days. “There are no flights!” Zhang laughed. Air travel between Russia and China is still a fraction of what it was in 2019, and prices have also doubled or tripled, said Rysakova. A flight from Beijing to St. Petersburg now costs 12,000-20,000 yuan — more than the cost of an entire weeklong package tour before the pandemic.

  Tough times

  On Lake Baikal, the absence of Chinese tourists is felt keenly. Since the pandemic, the region has pivoted toward domestic tourism, and Russians — who now struggle to travel abroad — have flocked here. But they cannot support as many businesses as the Chinese, who were lavish spenders.

  Makogon, the tour guide, said her income had halved since 2019. Other guides have left the industry altogether. Some of her colleagues now work as personal trainers, she said.

  Local hotels, restaurants, and transport companies have taken big losses in recent years, Makogon added. Many have closed or been sold.

  “Chinese people love boat, hovercraft, and snowmobile trips, and paid a lot for them,” said Makogon. “Boats and snowmobiles never stood idle when the Chinese were here.”

  The retail industry has taken the biggest hit, according to Makogon. “Cosmetics, souvenir, and jewelry stores don’t have the turnover they once did,” she said. “Many closed. The Chinese bought up branded goods, because they were much cheaper than in China. They would buy extra suitcases here to take their shopping back.”

  Before COVID, Russian authorities estimated that Chinese tourists contributed $500 million per year to Russia’s economy. Zhang estimates the total value of the China-to-Russia tourism industry — on both the Chinese and Russian sides — to be as high as $2 billion a year.

  It’s unclear when things might pick up on Lake Baikal. There are currently only two weekly flights connecting Irkutsk, the nearest city to Lake Baikal, and China. More connections are due to be added soon, but the prices quoted are so high that tour groups are unlikely to use them, Makogon said.

  Local businesses are trying to stay positive. Alexei Strelyuk, founder of high-end tour operator Baikalika, specialized in Russian tourists, but said he used to enjoy taking the occasional group of Chinese photographers to snap Lake Baikal’s spectacular ice formations before the pandemic. Now, he wants to attract more Chinese customers.

  Throughout his conversation with Sixth Tone, Strelyuk referred to China using the highly respectful Russian term “ podnebesnaya ” — a translation of the Chinese word tianxia , or “all under heaven,” which is how China’s emperors used to refer to their realm. He ended the interview with a question: “Do you have any advice on how to make my company better known in podnebesnaya ?”

  Editor: Dominic Morgan.

  (Header image: Tourists explore Lake Baikal by hovercraft, Siberia, Russia. The area is a popular destination with Chinese travelers, who often come to photograph the spectacular ice formations. From Baikalika.ru)

  
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  Chu Daye is a business reporter at the Global Times focusing on general topics, trade, investment and energy.

  

  A Chinese tourist takes pictures on the street of Moscow on May 24, 2024. Photo: Chu Daye/ GT

  

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  12 Things To Do In Moscow: Complete Guide To A Unique Idaho City

  M oscow, Idaho, is a small city with plenty to offer lovers of the outdoors and culture aficionados. Moscow is the county seat of Latah County in the panhandle region of Idaho. It’s known as the home of the University of Idaho, which is a great campus with galleries and gardens for visitors to explore.

  Moscow’s landscape is particularly unique as it is set in the Palouse region , an area between Idaho, southeastern Washington, and even Oregon, known for its peculiar rolling green hills, which make it one of the most beautiful vistas in the state . d.

  UPDATE: 2023/08/22 16:57 EST BY NOAH STAATS

  There Are More Things To Do While In Moscow, Idaho!

  This article has been refreshed with new stops in Moscow, Idaho, as well as tips, tricks, and things to experience in town. From fun waterslides to nature preserves to beer, here are all the reasons Moscow should be on the itinerary this fall and beyond!

  Things To Do

  Here is everything travelers need to know about planning a great trip to Moscow, Idaho, including the best time of year to visit, where to eat and drink, and the best activities.

  Check Out The Historic McConnell Mansion

  One thing to do while in Moscow, Idaho, is to go see the McConnel Mansion , located in Moscow's historic neighborhood. Here is where a home built by the former governor sits, now working as a place to learn more about Moscow, as well as see how life and architecture looked back then.

  Constructed in 1886, this museum also features period rooms and decor, so it's certainly worth seeing for people in the area.

  • Address: 110 S Adams St, Moscow, ID 83843
  • Hours: Dependent on season/tour

  Soak Up The Sun At Hamilton-Lowe Aquatics Center

  The next thing to do in Moscow, Idaho, is to check out the Hamilton-Lowe Aquatics Center . Here is where families or groups can enjoy the outdoor seasonal water park with a lazy river, large pool, waterslides & interactive play area.

  This aquatic center boasts a great summer itinerary, making it perfect for travelers with children.

  • Address: 830 N Mountain View Rd, Moscow, ID 83843
  • Hours: Open daily from 12 PM to 7:30 PM (Open at 11 AM on Saturdays and Sundays)
  • Tickets: Children 3 and under FREE, Children 4-17 $5.75 including tax, Adults 18-64 $7.75 including tax, Seniors 65+ $5.75 including tax

  Palouse-Clearwater Environmental Institute

  Another idea while in town would be to visit the Palouse-Clearwater Environmental Institute. Here is where people visiting Moscow can explore a 26.2-acre nature preserve in the city, as well as walk around and enjoy the fresh air.

  • Address: 1040 Rodeo Dr, Moscow, ID 83843
  • Hours: Open Monday - Friday from 9 AM to 5 PM

  See A Show At The Kenworthy Performing Arts Centre

  The next idea for a Moscow, Idaho, visitor is to catch a performance at the city's Kenworthy Performing Arts Centre . Here lies a restored historic theater that offers classic films, community events, and a variety of stage performances.

  • Address: 508 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843

  Cycle Some Of The Palouse Bike Trails

  A very popular tourist activity in Moscow is to rent a bike and cycle through some of the Palouse bike trails. A popular trail is the 7-mile Bill Chipman Palouse Trail between Pullman in Washington and Moscow.

  • Admission: Bike rental costs will vary; check out Paradise Bike Rentals
  • Address: The trail end points are SE Bishop Blvd. (Pullman, WA) and Farm Rd. (Moscow, ID)

  View The University Of Idaho Arboretum & Botanical Garden

  Spend an afternoon checking out the countless plants from across the world in the University’s Arboretum & Botanical Garden . The garden is open every day, from dawn to dusk.

  • Admission: Free
  • Address: 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2281, Moscow, Idaho

  Head To The Moscow Farmer’s Market

  Visiting the Farmer’s Market is the big thing to do in Moscow and is incredibly popular with locals and visitors alike. It’s held from May to October from 8 am to 1 pm on Saturdays. Check out the fresh produce and enjoy some local performers entertaining the crowds.

  • Address: 101-155 W 4th St, Moscow, ID 83843

  Camp Out In Robinson County Park

  This campsite is great for those who would like to immerse themselves in nature but also want to be close to town, and the campsite in Robinson is just a ten-minute drive from downtown Moscow. This park has plenty of trails and picnic spots to enjoy.

  • Admission: $20 a night to camp
  • Address: 5168 Robinson Park Rd, Moscow ID 83843

  Related: 8 Idaho State Parks To Add To Your Scenic Bucket List

  Check Out The Appaloosa Museum & Heritage Center

  For those wanting to learn about the history of the beautiful Appaloosa horse breed, native to the Palouse region, the Appaloosa Museum & Heritage Center is a perfect place to spend the afternoon.

  Here is where guests can tour the Davis-Gillman Activity Center, Gift Shop, and Picnic Area, all while learning more about this area's rich culture.

  • Address: 2720 Pullman Rd, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
  • 1912 Center: Check out some local art and learn about cultural initiatives in Moscow
  • Address: 412 E. Third St. Moscow, ID 83843

  Tour The Third Street Gallery

  Next up, guests of the city of Moscow, Idaho, can check out the Third Street Gallery. The Third Street Gallery is located on the second and third floors of Moscow's beautifully renovated and historic City Hall, making that another nice thing to see while here.

  • Address: 206 W 3rd St, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
  • Hours: Seasonally/dependent on art and creators

  Skate At The Palouse Ice Rink

  Another fun stop in the Moscow area is the Palouse Ice Rink , a fun place to visit for all the family for some ice skating and hockey in the winter and rollerblading during the summer.

  This could be a nice location to bring the family, especially for people with young kids.

  • Admission: Adults - $10, Children 6-17 - $8.00, 5 and under free
  • Family Admission (up to 5 members) - $35.00
  • Address: 1021 Harold St, Moscow, ID 83843, USA

  Taste Local Moscow Craft Beers

  Moscow has a pretty extensive craft beer culture, and it's well worth making a day of visiting some of the local breweries. Here are several great breweries to check out.

  Moscow Brewing Company : Be sure to visit Moscow’s first brewhouse for some great history and even better beer

  • Address: 630 N Almon St #130, Moscow, ID

  Hunga Dunga Brewing Company - Offering unique IPAs, Stouts, and so much more.

  • Address: 333 N Jackson St, Moscow, ID 83843, USA

  Rants & Rave Brewery - A brewery and a grill, what’s not to love?

  • Address: 308 N Jackson St, Moscow, ID, USA

  Best Time To Go To Moscow, Idaho

  Moscow, Idaho, has a temperate climate with hot summers and cold winters. During the summer months, the temperature can reach into the 90s and can be quite dry. The winters are cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing and the area receiving some snowfall. Spring and fall are mild, with temperatures ranging from the 40s to 60s.

  The best time of year depends on what visitors have planned for the trip. The months of June, July, and August are great for outdoor activities like hiking and biking.

  Related: Drive Mesa Falls Scenic Byway & See Idaho's Most Stunning Views

  However, in the winter months, there are local mountains and resorts suitable for snowboarding, skiing, and snowshoeing for those interested in winter sports. The Palouse Ice Rink is a popular spot for locals and visitors during the winter, too, and also offers some family-friendly activities the whole year round. Even a scenic road trip can be enjoyable during Idaho's winter .

  The city tends to be a bustling hub of activity during its festivals, like the Rendezvous in the Park music festival, which usually takes place on the third weekend in July, or the Moscow Winter Carnival, which takes place in early December.

  Best Ways To Get Around Moscow Idaho

  Moscow is a very walkable city, and most of the main destinations for tourists can be accessed on foot, especially during the summer. Getting around on a bike is a great option; Moscow has 36 miles of paved trails, so renting a bicycle in town could be a good choice for visitors.

  • Paradise Bike Rentals is a convenient bike rental shop on Main Street.

  Moscow also has a public bus system called the Sustainable Moscow Area Regional Transportation or SMART transit that covers two loops, one in the west and one in the east of the town, and the fixed routes are free.

  There are multiple taxi and rideshare companies in Moscow, and Uber and Lyft are also available. Here are some local Taxi company options:

  • Moscow Taxi
  • Pegasus Taxi

  It’s possible to rent a car coming from the regional Pullman Moscow airport from companies Avis, Hertz, Enterprise, and Budget.

  Where To Eat In Moscow, Idaho

  Moscow, Idaho, has some great spots for food, drinks, and coffee if visitors know where to look. The food options in Idaho tend to pleasantly surprise visitors. As it's a student town, there are more than a few fun bars too.

  Best Breakfast in Moscow, Idaho

  One World Café, Breakfast Club, Varsity Diner

  Delicious Lunches in Moscow, Idaho:

  Shari’s Café and Pies, Einstein Bros Bagels, Stax

  Fantastic Dinners in Moscow, Idaho:

  Nectar, Tapped - Taphouse & Kitchen, Lodgepole

  Great Coffee Shops in Moscow, Idaho:

  Café Artista, Bucer's Coffee House Pub, Steam Coffee

  Fun Bars in Moscow, Idaho:

  John’s Alley Tavern, Mingles Bar & Grill, Neat Whiskey Bar

  Where To Stay In Moscow, Idaho

  There are a number of hotels and rentals in the city, although some travelers also opt to stay in the nearby Washington state town of Pullman. Here are a few options in Moscow itself:

  Highly rated hotels in Moscow Idaho

  Best Western Plus University Inn : Room rates at the Best Western Plus University Inn start from $120 per night

  • Amenities: Swimming pool, fitness center, on-site restaurant, and bar
  • Address: 1516 Pullman Road, Moscow, Idaho 83843

  Fairfield Inn & Suites by Marriott Moscow : Room rates at the Fairfield Inn & Suites start from $140 per night

  • Amenities: Free breakfast, indoor pool, and fitness center
  • Address: 1000 West Pullman Road, Moscow, Idaho 83843, United States

  Mid-Tier hotels in Moscow

  The Monarch Motel Room rates at the Monarch Hotel start from $100 per night

  • Amenities: garden/chill-out area
  • Address: 120 W 6th St, Moscow, ID 83843, United States

  Hotel Mccoy Pullman Room rates at this property start from $140 per night

  • Amenities: Fitness center, Restaurant, Bar/Lounge, Free Wi-Fi, Free parking
  • Address: 455 Southeast Paradise Street, Pullman, WA 99163

  Related: Idaho The Potato State: Why Not Sleep In A Hotel Shaped Like One?

  Budget hotels in Moscow Idaho

  La Quinta Inn & Suites by Wyndham Moscow Pullman : Room rates at La Quinta Inn & Suites start from $130 per night

  • Amenities: Free breakfast, airport shuttle, shuttle to local attractions
  • Address: 185 Warbonnet Dr, Moscow, ID 83843, United States

  Super 8 by Wyndham Moscow / Pullman: Room rates at Super 8 by Wyndham Moscow start from $80 per night

  • Amenities: Mobile check-in, Wi-Fi, free coffee & breakfast Item
  • Address: 175 Peterson Drive Pullman Hwy and 175 Peterson Dr, Moscow, ID 83843

  Tips For Visiting Moscow, Idaho

  Moscow is a University city in north central Idaho and has a population of just over 25,000. It’s about 8 miles east of the Washington State border. It’s been home to the University of Idaho since 1889.

  Moscow is served by a regional airport, The Pullman Moscow Airport is four miles west of the city, and the closest major airport is Spokane International Airport in Washington, located within 90 miles east of the city.

  From here, visitors can rent a car or arrange a shuffle to get to Moscow; it will take about an hour and 40 minutes.

  Related: Explore Idaho's Capital City: The Ultimate Travel Guide To Boise & Things To Do

  Moscow is located along Highway 95, which runs north and south through the city. It’s also possible to travel to Moscow by bus from Spokane and Seattle. It’s good to know a little bit about the unique landscape travelers will get to explore when visiting Moscow. It’s part of the Palouse region, which encompasses parts of north central Idaho, southeastern Washington, and a little bit of Oregon.

  Its distinctive and peculiar rolling green hills are made of a material called loess, which is mainly dust and silt blown in over thousands of years from the southwest.

  After periods of deposition and erosion in harsh weather, unique dune-like shapes formed in the landscape. The Palouse region is a major agriculture zone, mainly for grain production, and it's also a stunning place to experience as a tourist.

  How To Spend The Perfect Day In Moscow, Idaho

  A perfect day in Moscow will start with a great breakfast, so head to the popular One World Café for a delicious bite to eat and then get ready to take on some of the incredible Palouse biking trails. Rent a bike for the afternoon and take the Bill Chipman Palouse trail nearby by Pullman and back.

  Don’t forget to bring a camera. Head for lunch at Stax for some soup and sandwiches, and then visit the University of Idaho campus for a stroll through the arboretum and Botanical Garden. While on campus, check out some of the famous landmarks, like the Kibbie Dome or the Prichard Art Gallery.

  In the evening, enjoy a fancy dinner at Lodgepole and polish the evening off with a drink at John’s Alley Tavern.

  
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  Trending Topics

  Follow our news, recent searches, a free trade pact could see strongest economic ties yet for china, japan and south korea. can they make it happen, advertisement.

  Talk of a free trade pact among Japan, South Korea and China resurfaced at their recent summit. Analysts say pragmatism must prevail over ideology to close the deal.

  This audio is AI-generated.

  Melody Chan

  SINGAPORE: China, Japan and South Korea will all benefit if they can get a three-way free trade agreement (FTA) across the line, but they will have to overcome serious challenges stemming from geopolitical tensions and other issues, experts say.

  Talks for their FTA have stalled since 2019, but the elusive trade deal was cast into the spotlight again last Monday at a trilateral summit attended by Chinese Premier Li Qiang, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol.

  At the summit – the first in four years – the three leaders vowed to restart talks on the FTA. 

  China’s Mr Li called for South Korea and Japan "to deepen economic and trade connectivity, maintain the stability and smoothness of the industrial chain and supply chain, and resume and complete the negotiations of the China-Japan-South Korea FTA as soon as possible".

  Three days later on May 30, China’s Ministry of Commerce said it stood ready to speed up negotiations.

  The Chinese side attaches great significance to talks on the FTA, which is expected to drive the steady recovery of the regional and even global economy, ministry spokesperson He Yadong said, as reported by state news agency Xinhua.

  Korean President Yoon, meanwhile, said the three countries had “decided to create a transparent and predictable environment for trade and investment, and to establish a safe supply chain”.

  At a trilateral business meeting held after the summit, business leaders agreed to establish a working group to conduct joint research on economic cooperation in the private sector.

  BUILDING ON RCEP

  The three countries have economic heft. They make up about 25 per cent of global gross domestic product (GDP) and have a combined yearly trading volume of over US$800 billion.

  China is the largest trading partner of Japan and South Korea, while Japan and Korea are China’s fourth and fifth largest trading partners, respectively.

  

  In restarting FTA talks, the East Asian neighbours will be building on existing trade pacts to try to deliver one that signals their strongest economic bonds yet, experts note.

  China and South Korea have an FTA signed in 2015. 

  All three countries are members of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, which took effect in 2022. The RCEP is an FTA among the 10 member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Australia, China, Japan, South Korea and New Zealand. 

  A China-Japan-South Korea FTA will be recognised as “RCEP Plus”, going beyond the RCEP’s level of liberalisation.

  For instance, the three countries will aim to fully abolish tariffs on automobiles and auto components, which the RCEP did not, reported news agency Nikkei Asia.

  Japan will also seek reductions in industrial subsidies and less preferential treatment for state-owned enterprises, which were left out of the RCEP, Nikkei Asia reported.

  Commitments by the three countries to each other under RCEP are “relatively thin”, noted Dr Deborah Elms, head of trade policy at the Hinrich Foundation in Singapore. The foundation works to advance sustainable global trade through research and education.

  A three-way FTA will allow them to be more focused, she said. “If there're only three of you in the partnership, you can tailor an agreement often in ways that are more ambitious in some areas, than if you're trying to do it with (15 parties).” 

  

  Although China’s commerce ministry spokesperson He said the three countries’ economies are highly complementary and their industrial chains highly interconnected, Dr Elms said they are also competitors in many fields including agriculture, electronics and chemicals.

  Finding products for which to remove tariffs will be “a challenge”, she said, citing furniture, raw materials and services as potential areas to be opened up.

  

  WHO’S EAGER FOR TALKS?

  While some experts say China is keenest to advance FTA talks due to its economic challenges, others believe an agreement will also serve South Korea and Japan.

  China’s eagerness to push for the FTA is not surprising, said Professor Syaru Shirley Lin, chair of the Center for Asia-Pacific Resilience and Innovation and research professor at the University of Virginia in the United States.

  “Closer market integration among these countries makes economic sense. Given China's economic challenges, reflected in the real estate slump, weak consumption and private-sector investment, and the pressure of deflation and growing debt, Beijing needs serious measures to boost its growth,” she said.

  

  Guangzhou property buyers, agents snag deals as city eases measures to boost flagging sector

  

  China's factory activity unexpectedly dips as property pain persists

  China’s excess industrial capacity and cheap exports of solar panels, electric vehicles and steel are currently facing pressure from the US, which fears they will hurt its own domestic manufacturing efforts. 

  The US has increased tariffs on some Chinese imports , including a 100 per cent tax on its electric vehicles, and wants to work with Europe on what it calls China’s overproduction.

  Dr Zhu Zhiqun, a professor of political science and international relations at Bucknell University, disagreed that China was more eager than Japan or South Korea. All three countries have a “collective interest” in making progress on trade and supply chain issues, he said.

  Summit host South Korea made a notable effort to jumpstart the trilateral summit. Earlier in May, its foreign minister Cho Tae-yul visited his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi in Beijing to pave the way for the summit.

  While South Korean President Yoon has sought to strengthen ties with the US and Japan, Mr Cho reportedly stressed that it does not mean South Korea is drifting away from China .

  

  When Titans Clash - The Overcapacity Debate

  

  US to raise tariffs on US$18 billion of China imports including chips

  Proceed with caution.

  Given the need to balance geographical and market realities with US-China rivalry, the three countries will likely move cautiously if FTA talks resume, analysts note.

  The US remains “the most important ally and partner” for both Japan and South Korea, said Dr Zhu.

  “Yet, China is right next door and is their largest trading partner. It is not in their interest to have a confrontational relationship with China," he said.

  On the other hand, Japan and South Korea “perceive their asymmetric economic interdependence with China as a disadvantage” and this has prompted them to pursue economic diversification, particularly in light of growing US-China strategic competition, noted Prof Lin.

  “Consequently, in the negotiation process, Tokyo and Seoul will be more cautious and likely to demand that China address concerns about manufacturing overcapacity, subsidies, and preferential treatment for its state-owned enterprises — issues Beijing has yet to tackle,” she said.

  

  Data shows that both South Korea and Japan have reduced investment in China in recent years. 

  In 2023, South Korea recorded a trade deficit with China for the first time in 31 years, importing US$18 billion more goods and services than it exported, according to Statistics Korea.

  Foreign direct investment by South Korean companies into China also slumped 78.1 per cent to US$1.87 billion in 2023 compared to the previous year, according to South Korea’s Finance Ministry. 

  Meanwhile, net new money from Japan into China last year fell to its lowest in at least a decade, amounting to 1.31 trillion Japanese yen (US$11.91 billion), according to data from the country's Ministry of Finance. 

  Half of 1,741 Japanese companies polled expect the Chinese economy to worsen in 2024, an increase from 37 per cent at the end of last year, a recent survey conducted by the Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry in China found.

  

  KEEPING UP MOMENTUM

  Experts also have mixed views on the likelihood of an FTA happening in the foreseeable future.

  Dr Elms does not hold high hopes. “This one’s going to take forever. I mean, a lot of them take forever, just because they're complicated,” she said.

  The latest vows by the three leaders will “not make a difference” to companies until the talks move to "a genuine stage" where there are real economic benefits on the table and a deal is "very close to signing", she added.

  Dr Zhu is more optimistic. “If the three countries keep the momentum, remove the remaining obstacles, and resist potential external interference, an FTA could be reached before too long,” he said.

  “Pragmatism must prevail over ideology or great power politics.”  

  All sides will certainly have to ramp up efforts if they are serious about the FTA – meeting more frequently and having big teams engaging in discussions with greater intensity, for example, said Dr Elms.

  Once-a-year talks “would not bring about much change”, she said.

  

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  China’s expanding travel curbs are cutting off more state workers from the rest of the world

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