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Frequently Asked Questions: Guidance for Travelers to Enter the U.S.

Updated Date: April 21, 2022

Since January 22, 2022, DHS has required non-U.S. individuals seeking to enter the United States via land ports of entry and ferry terminals at the U.S.-Mexico and U.S.-Canada borders to be fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and provide proof of vaccination upon request.  On April 21, 2022, DHS announced that it would extend these requirements. In determining whether and when to rescind this order, DHS anticipates that it will take account of whether the vaccination requirement for non-U.S. air travelers remains in place.

These requirements apply to non-U.S. individuals who are traveling for essential or non-essential reasons. They do not apply to U.S. citizens, Lawful Permanent Residents, or U.S. nationals.

Effective November 8, 2021, new air travel requirements applied to many noncitizens who are visiting the United States temporarily. These travelers are also required to show proof of COVID-19 vaccination. All air travelers, including U.S. persons, must test negative for COVID-19 prior to departure. Limited exceptions apply. See  CDC guidance  for more details regarding air travel requirements.

Below is more information about what to know before you go, and answers to Frequently Asked Questions about cross-border travel.

Entering the U.S. Through a Land Port of Entry or Ferry Terminal

Q. what are the requirements for travelers entering the united states through land poes.

A:  Before embarking on a trip to the United States, non-U.S. travelers should be prepared for the following:

• Possess proof of an approved COVID-19 vaccination as outlined on the  CDC  website.
• During border inspection, verbally attest to their COVID-19 vaccination status. 
• Bring a  Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative  compliant border crossing document, such as a valid passport (and visa if required), Trusted Traveler Program card, a Department of State-issued Border Crossing Card, Enhanced Driver’s License or Enhanced Tribal Card when entering the country. Travelers (including U.S. citizens) should be prepared to present the WHTI-compliant document and any other documents requested by the CBP officer.

 Q. What are the requirements to enter the United States for children under the age of 18 who can't be vaccinated?

A:  Children under 18 years of age are excepted from the vaccination requirement at land and ferry POEs.

Q: Which vaccines/combination of vaccines will be accepted?

A:  Per CDC guidelines, all Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved and authorized vaccines, as well as all vaccines that have an Emergency Use Listing (EUL) from the World Health Organization (WHO), will be accepted.

Accepted Vaccines:

• More details are available in CDC guidance  here .
• 2 weeks (14 days) after your dose of an accepted single-dose COVID-19 vaccine;
• 2 weeks (14 days) after your second dose of an accepted 2-dose series;
• 2 weeks (14 days) after you received the full series of an accepted COVID-19 vaccine (not placebo) in a clinical trial;
• 2 weeks (14 days) after you received 2 doses of any “mix-and-match” combination of accepted COVID-19 vaccines administered at least 17 days apart.

Q. Is the United States requiring travelers to have a booster dose to be considered fully vaccinated for border entry purposes?

A:  No. The CDC guidance for “full vaccination” can be found here.

Q: Do U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents need proof of vaccination to return to the United States via land POEs and ferry terminals?

A:  No. Vaccination requirements do not apply to U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs). Travelers that exhibit signs or symptoms of illness will be referred to CDC for additional medical evaluation.

Q: Is pre- or at-arrival COVID testing required to enter the United States via land POEs or ferry terminals?

A: No, there is no COVID testing requirement to enter the United States via land POE or ferry terminals. In this respect, the requirement for entering by a land POE or ferry terminal differs from arrival via air, where there is a requirement to have a negative test result before departure.

Processing Changes Announced on January 22, 2022 

Q: new changes were recently announced. what changed on january 22.

A:  Since January 22, 2022, non-citizens who are not U.S. nationals or Lawful Permanent Residents have been required to be vaccinated against COVID-19 to enter the United States at land ports of entry and ferry terminals, whether for essential or nonessential purposes. Previously, DHS required that non-U.S. persons be vaccinated against COVID-19 to enter the United States for nonessential purposes.  Effective January 22, all non-U.S. individuals, to include essential travelers, must be prepared to attest to vaccination status and present proof of vaccination to a CBP officer upon request. DHS announced an extension of this policy on April 21, 2022.

Q: Who is affected by the changes announced on January 22?

A: This requirement does not apply to U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents. It applies to other noncitizens, such as a citizen of Mexico, Canada, or any other country seeking to enter the United States through a land port of entry or ferry terminal.

Q: Do U.S. citizens need proof of vaccination to return to the United States via land port of entry or ferry terminals?

A: Vaccination requirements do not apply to U.S. Citizens, U.S. nationals or U.S. Lawful Permanent Residents. Travelers that exhibit signs or symptoms of illness will be referred to CDC for additional medical evaluation. 

Q: What is essential travel?

A:  Under the prior policy, there was an exception from temporary travel restrictions for “essential travel.” Essential travel included travel to attend educational institutions, travel to work in the United States, travel for emergency response and public health purposes, and travel for lawful cross-border trade (e.g., commercial truckers). Under current policy, there is no exception for essential travel.

Q: Will there be any exemptions? 

A: While most non-U.S. individuals seeking to enter the United States will need to be vaccinated, there is a narrow list of exemptions consistent with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Order in the air travel context.

• Certain categories of individuals on diplomatic or official foreign government travel as specified in the CDC Order
• Children under 18 years of age;
• Certain participants in certain COVID-19 vaccine trials as specified in the CDC Order;   
• Individuals with medical contraindications to receiving a COVID-19 vaccine as specified in the CDC Order;
• Individuals issued a humanitarian or emergency exception by the Secretary of Homeland Security;
• Individuals with valid nonimmigrant visas (excluding B-1 [business] or B-2 [tourism] visas) who are citizens of a country with limited COVID-19 vaccine availability, as specified in the CDC Order
• Members of the U.S. Armed Forces or their spouses or children (under 18 years of age) as specified in the CDC Order; and
• Individuals whose entry would be in the U.S. national interest, as determined by the Secretary of Homeland Security.

Q: What documentation will be required to show vaccination status?

A:  Non-U.S. individuals are required to be prepared to attest to vaccination status and present proof of vaccination to a CBP officer upon request regardless of the purpose of travel.

The current documentation requirement remains the same and is available on the CDC website . Documentation requirements for entry at land ports of entry and ferry terminals mirror those for entry by air.

Q: What happens if someone doesn’t have proof of vaccine status?

A: If non-U.S. individuals cannot present proof of vaccination upon request, they will not be admitted into the United States and will either be subject to removal or be allowed to withdraw their application for entry.

Q: Will incoming travelers be required to present COVID-19 test results?

A: There is no COVID-19 testing requirement for travelers at land border ports of entry, including ferry terminals.

Q: What does this mean for those who can't be vaccinated, either due to age or other health considerations? 

A: See CDC guidance for additional information on this topic. Note that the vaccine requirement does not apply to children under 18 years of age.

Q: Does this requirement apply to amateur and professional athletes?

A: Yes, unless they qualify for one of the narrow CDC exemptions.

Q: Are commercial truckers required to be vaccinated?

A: Yes, unless they qualify for one of the narrow CDC exemptions. These requirements also apply to bus drivers as well as rail and ferry operators.

Q. Do you expect border wait times to increase?

A:  As travelers navigate these new travel requirements, wait times may increase. Travelers should account for the possibility of longer than normal wait times and lines at U.S. land border crossings when planning their trip and are kindly encouraged to exercise patience.

To help reduce wait times and long lines, travelers can take advantage of innovative technology, such as facial biometrics and the CBP OneTM mobile application, which serves as a single portal for individuals to access CBP mobile applications and services.

Q: How is Customs and Border Protection staffing the ports of entry? 

A: CBP’s current staffing levels at ports of entry throughout the United States are commensurate with pre-pandemic levels. CBP has continued to hire and train new employees throughout the pandemic. CBP expects some travelers to be non-compliant with the proof of vaccination requirements, which may at times lead to an increase in border wait times. Although trade and travel facilitation remain a priority, we cannot compromise national security, which is our primary mission. CBP Office of Field Operations will continue to dedicate its finite resources to the processing of arriving traffic with emphasis on trade facilitation to ensure economic recovery.

Q: What happens if a vaccinated individual is traveling with an unvaccinated individual?  

A:  The unvaccinated individual (if 18 or over) would not be eligible for admission.

Q: If I am traveling for an essential reason but am not vaccinated can I still enter?

A:  No, if you are a non-U.S. individual. The policy announced on January 22, 2022 applies to both essential and non-essential travel by non-U.S. individual travelers. Since January 22, DHS has required that all inbound non-U.S. individuals crossing U.S. land or ferry POEs – whether for essential or non-essential reasons – be fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and provide related proof of vaccination upon request.

Q: Are sea crew members on vessels required to have a COVID vaccine to disembark?

A:  Sea crew members traveling pursuant to a C-1 or D nonimmigrant visa are not excepted from COVID-19 vaccine requirements at the land border. This is a difference from the international air transportation context.

Entering the U.S. via Air Travel

Q: what are the covid vaccination requirements for air passengers to the united states  .

A:  According to CDC requirements [www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/noncitizens-US-air-travel.html | Link no longer valid], most noncitizens who are visiting the United States temporarily must be fully vaccinated prior to boarding a flight to the United States. These travelers are required to show proof of vaccination. A list of covered individuals is available on the CDC website.  

Q: What are the COVID testing requirements for air passengers to the United States?  

A:  Effective Sunday, June 12 at 12:01 a.m. ET, CDC will no longer require pre-departure COVID-19 testing for U.S.-bound air travelers.

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Visiting the U.S. - Documents required for Canadian Citizens / Residents / Landed Immigrant to enter the U.S. and how long they can stay

• Canadian passport
• Enhanced Driver's License/Enhanced Identification Card
• NEXUS, FAST/EXPRES
• SENTRI enrollment cards.
• Groups of Children: Canadian citizen children under age 19 arriving by land or sea from contiguous territory and traveling with a school group, religious group, social/cultural organization, or sports team, may also present an original or copy of his or her birth certificate, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, a Naturalization Certificate, or a Canadian Citizenship Card.
• The group should provide, on organizational letterhead: The name of the group and supervising adult, a list of the children on the trip, the primary home address, phone number, date of birth, place of birth, and name of at least one parent or legal guardian for each child.
• A written and signed statement of the supervising adult certifying that he or she has obtained parental or legal guardian consent for each participating child.

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Visitor Visa

Visa Waiver Program

Travel Without a Visa

Citizens of Canada and Bermuda

Generally, a citizen of a foreign country who wishes to travel to the United States must first obtain a visa, either a nonimmigrant visa for a temporary stay, or an immigrant visa for permanent residence. Visitor visas are nonimmigrant visas for persons who want to enter the United States temporarily for business (B-1 visa), for tourism (B-2 visa), or for a combination of both purposes (B-1/B-2 visa).

Here are some examples of activities permitted with a visitor visa:

Business (B-1)

• Consult with business associates
• Attend a scientific, educational, professional, or business convention or conference
• Settle an estate
• Negotiate a contract

Tourism (B-2)

• Vacation (holiday)
• Visit with friends or relatives
• Medical treatment
• Participation in social events hosted by fraternal, social, or service organizations
• Participation by amateurs in musical, sports, or similar events or contests, if not being paid for participating
• Enrollment in a short recreational course of study, not for credit toward a degree (for example, a two-day cooking class while on vacation)

Travel Purposes Not Permitted On Visitor Visas

These are some examples of activities that require different categories of visas and cannot be done while on a visitor visa:

• Paid performances, or any professional performance before a paying audience
• Arrival as a crewmember on a ship or aircraft
• Work as foreign press, in radio, film, print journalism, or other information media
• Permanent residence in the United States

Birth tourism (travel for the primary purpose of giving birth in the United States to obtain U.S. citizenship for their child) is not permissible on a visitor visa.

How to Apply

There are several steps to apply for a visa. The order of these steps and how you complete them may vary by U.S. Embassy or Consulate. Please consult the instructions on the  U.S. Embassy or Consulate website .

Complete the Online Visa Application

• Online Nonimmigrant Visa Application, Form DS-160 – Learn more about completing the DS-160 . You must: 1) complete the online visa application and 2) print the application form confirmation page to bring to your interview.
• Photo – You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. Your photo must meet the Photograph Requirements .

Schedule an Interview

Interviews are generally required for visa applicants with certain limited exceptions below. Consular officers may require an interview of any visa applicant.

You should generally schedule an appointment for your visa interview at the  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  in the country where you live. You may schedule your interview at another U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you will be present but aware that in some cases it may be more difficult to demostrate your qualifications for a visa outside of the country where you live.

Wait times for interview appointments vary by location, season, and visa category, so you should apply for your visa early. Review the interview wait time for the location where you will apply: 

Appointment Wait Time

Check the estimated wait time for a nonimmigrant visa interview appointment at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate.

Note:  Please check the individual Embassy or Consulate website to determine if your case is eligible for a waiver of the in-person interview.

Applicants scheduling visa appointments in a location different from their place of residence should check post websites for nonresident wait times.

Select a U.S. Embassy or Consulate:

Prepare for your interview.

• Fees - Pay the non-refundable visa application fee , if you are required to pay it before your interview. If your visa is approved, you may also need to pay a visa issuance fee, if applicable to your nationality. Fee information is provided below:

Select your nationality to see Issuance Fee

• Review the instructions available on the website of the  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  where you will apply to learn more about fee payment.

Gather Required Documentation

Gather and prepare the following required documents before your visa interview:

• Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements ). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
• Nonimmigrant Visa Application, Form DS-160 confirmation page.
• Application fee payment receipt, if you are required to pay before your interview.
• Photo – You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. If the photo upload fails, you must bring one printed photo in the format explained in the Photograph Requirements .

Additional Documentation May Be Required

Review the instructions for how to apply for a visa on the website of the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you will apply. Additional documents may be requested to establish if you are qualified. For example, additional requested documents may include evidence of:

• The purpose of your trip,
• Your intent to depart the United States after your trip, and/or
• Your ability to pay all costs of the trip.   

Evidence of your employment and/or your family ties may be sufficient to show the purpose of your trip and your intent to return to your home country. If you cannot cover all the costs for your trip, you may show evidence that another person will cover some or all costs for your trip.

Note:  Visa applicants must qualify based on their ties abroad/to their home country, rather than assurances from U.S. family and friends. A letter of invitation or Affidavit of Support is not needed to apply for a visitor visa. If you choose to bring a letter of invitation or Affidavit of Support to your interview, please remember it is not one of the factors used in determining whether to issue or deny the visa.

Attend Your Visa Interview

A consular officer will interview you to determine whether you are qualified to receive a visitor visa. You must establish that you meet the requirements under U.S. law to receive a visa.  Ink-free, digital fingerprint scans are taken as part of the application process. They are usually taken during your interview, but this varies based on location.

After your visa interview, the consular officer may determine that your application requires further  administrative processing .  The consular officer will inform you if this required.

After the visa is approved, you may need to pay a visa issuance fee (if applicable to your nationality), and make arrangements for the return of the passport and visa to you.  Review the  visa processing times  to learn more.

Entering the United States

A visa allows a foreign citizen to travel to a U.S. port-of-entry (generally an airport) and request permission to enter the United States. A visa does not guarantee entry into the United States. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials at the port-of-entry have authority to permit or deny admission to the United States. If you are allowed to enter the United States, the CBP official will provide an admission stamp or a paper Form I-94, Arrival/Departure Record. Learn more about admissions and entry requirements, restrictions about bringing food, agricultural products, and other restricted/prohibited goods, and more by reviewing the CBP website .

Extending Your Stay

See  Extend Your Stay  on the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website to learn about requesting to extend your stay beyond the date indicated on your admission stamp or paper Form I-94. 

Failure to depart the United States on time will result in being  out of status . Under U.S. law, visas of individuals who are out of status are automatically voided ( Section 222(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ).  Any multiple entry visa that was voided due to being out of status will not be valid for future entries into the United States. 

Failure to depart the United States on time may also result in you being ineligible for visas in the future. Review  Visa Denials  and  Ineligibilities and Waivers: Laws  to learn more.

Change of Status

If your plans change while in the United States (for example, you marry a U.S. citizen or receive an offer of employment), you may be able to request a change in your nonimmigrant status to another category through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). See  Change My Nonimmigrant Status  on the USCIS website to learn more.

While you are in the United States, receiving a change of status from USCIS does not require you to apply for a new visa.  However, once you depart the United States you must apply for a new visa at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate in the appropriate category for your travel.

Additional Information

• An individual on a visitor visa (B1/B2) is not permitted to accept employment or work in the United States.
• There is no guarantee you will be issued a visa. Do not make final travel plans or buy tickets until you have a visa.
• A valid U.S. visa in an expired passport is still valid. Unless canceled or revoked, a visa is valid until its expiration date. If you have a valid visa in your expired passport, do not remove it from your expired passport. You may use your valid visa in your expired passport along with a new valid passport for travel and admission to the United States. 

Travel for Medical Treatment

If you are seeking medical treatment in the United States, the consular officer may ask for further documents at your visa interview, which may include:

• Medical diagnosis from a local physician, explaining the nature of the ailment and the reason you need treatment in the United States.
• Letter from a physician or medical facility in the United States, stating they are willing to treat your specific ailment and detailing the projected length and cost of treatment (including doctors’ fees, hospitalization fees, and all medical-related expenses).
• Proof that your transportation, medical, and living expenses in the United States will be paid. This may be in the form of bank or other statements of income/savings or certified copies of income tax returns (either yours or the person or organization paying for your treatment).

Visitor Visas for Personal or Domestic Employees (B-1)

You may apply for a B-1 visitor visa to work in the United States as a personal or domestic employee for your employer in limited situations. You may for a visitor visa as a domestic employee if, among other requirements, your employer is:

• A U.S. citizen who has a permanent home or is stationed in a foreign country, but is visiting or is assigned to the United States temporarily; or
• A foreign citizen who is in the United States on one of the following nonimmigrant visa categories:  B, E, F, H, I, J, L, M, O, P, Q or TN.

Learn more about your rights in the United States and protection available to you by reading the Legal Rights and Protections pamphlet.

Visa Renewal

Whether you are applying for the first time or renewing your visa, you will use the same application process (please review How to Apply , above). Some applicants seeking to renew their visas in certain visa classes may be eligible for the Interview Waiver (IW) which allows qualified individuals to apply for visa renewals without being interviewed in person by a U.S. consular officer. Review the instructions on the website of the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you will apply to determine if IW is available and if you qualify.

Do I need a visa if I have an ABTC?

Yes, you will still need a visa to travel to the United States, unless you qualify for the  Visa Waiver Program . Having an Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Business Travelers Card (ABTC) does not change visa requirements, your visa status, or the visa process for travel to the United States.

How can I use my ABTC when I apply for my visa?

If you have an Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Business Travelers Card (ABTC), you might be able to schedule an expedited visa interview appointment. Review the instructions for scheduling expedited appointments on the website of the  embassy or consulate  where you will apply. 

Visa Annotations for Certain Maritime Industry Workers

Certain foreign maritime workers are eligible to apply for a Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC) once in the U.S. If you, as a maritime industry worker, will perform services in secure port areas, your visa must be annotated “TWIC Letter Received.” Workers whose visas are not annotated will not be permitted by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to apply for a TWIC.

In order for your visa to be annotated, you must obtain a letter from your employer explaining the need for a TWIC and that you are a potential TWIC applicant. See a template example of this letter. You must present this letter when you apply for the B-1 visa. You must meet all other eligibility requirements for a B-1 visa. 

Complete information about the TWIC program is available on TSA’s website at  https://www.tsa.gov/for-industry/twic .

Visa Denial and Ineligibility

Review  Visa Denials  for detailed information about visa ineligibilities, denials and waivers.

I was refused a visa, under Section 214(b). May I reapply?

Yes, if you feel circumstances have changed regarding your application. Review  Visa Denials  to learn more.

Misrepresentation or Fraud

Attempting to obtain a visa by the willful misrepresentation of a material fact, or fraud, may result in the permanent refusal of a visa or denial of entry into the United States.

Review  Ineligibilities and Waivers: Laws .

Citizens of Canada and Bermuda generally do not require visas to enter the United States, for visit, tourism and temporary business travel purposes. For more information see  U.S. Embassy Ottawa website ,  U.S. Consulate Hamilton website  and  CBP website .

Additional resources for Canadian visitors to the United States can be found on the U.S. Embassy and Consulate websites in Canada.

Citizens of China

In accordance with the agreement signed between the United States and China to extend visa validity, beginning on November 29, 2016, Chinese citizens with 10-year B1, B2 or B1/B2 visas in Peoples’ Republic of China passports will be required to update their biographical and other information from their visa application via a website every two years, or upon getting a new passport or B1, B2, or B1/B2 visa, whichever occurs first.  This mechanism is called EVUS - Electronic Visa Update System.

The EVUS website is now open to the public for enrollments at www.EVUS.gov .  CBP will not collect a fee for EVUS enrollment at this time. CBP anticipates the eventual implementation of an EVUS enrollment fee, but does not have a time frame. Until the implementation of a fee, travelers can enroll in EVUS without charge.  The Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection (CBP) will keep visa holders informed of new information throughout the year. For further information, please visit  www.cbp.gov/EVUS .‎

Citizens of Mexico

Citizens and permanent residents of Mexico generally must have a nonimmigrant visa or Border Crossing Card (also known as a "Laser Visa"). For ease of travel, the B-1/B-2 and the Border Crossing Card have been combined into one document (DSP-150). Select  Border Crossing Card  to learn more about this card.

Please visit  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  websites for more information regarding applying for a visa at the U.S. Embassy or Consulates in Mexico.

Further Questions

• Case-Specific Questions - Contact the U.S. Embassy or Consulate handling your visa application for status information. Select  U.S. Embassy or Consulate  for contact information.
• General Questions - review  Contact Us .

Visa Waiver Program  (VWP)

Tourist or business travelers who are citizens of participating countries may be eligible to visit the United States without a visa. Visits must be 90 days or less, and travelers must meet all requirements.

Citizens of Canada and Bermuda generally do not need visas for tourism and visits.

More Information

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U.S.-Canada Border Crossing: What You Need to Know

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Table of Contents

Who can travel from the U.S. to Canada?

How many border crossings are there between the u.s. and canada, checklist for a u.s.-canada border crossing, special cases for alaska residents, if you want to cross the u.s.-canada border ….

Borders between the U.S. and Canada recently reopened to travelers more than a year after having closed due to COVID-19. Now, many who are eager to explore our neighbor to the north are left wondering what’s involved in a border crossing and what guidelines they’ll need to adhere to for a successful journey.

If you’re anxious to visit Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver or Calgary, here’s what to know to plan your U.S.-Canada border crossing, whether by land, air or sea.

Currently, Canadian borders are open to all U.S. citizens wishing to enter regardless of vaccination status. However, the requirements for entry will vary based on your vaccination status.

Fully vaccinated travelers no longer need to provide a negative COVID test for entry, but must still use the ArriveCAN app to submit mandatory entry information, including proof of vaccination, at least 72 hours prior to arrival and/or before boarding a cruise ship destined for Canada.

Not fully vaccinated? You won’t be able to visit Canada if you’re traveling for discretionary or leisure purposes. If you don't qualify as a fully vaccinated traveler but still need to travel to Canada for reasons other than leisure, you’ll be required to quarantine for 14 days, take a molecular COVID test, and register for a COVID test upon your arrival in the country, which you can do in advance to save time.

» Learn more: What COVID test is required for travel?

There are more than 100 land border crossings between the U.S. and Canada, and wait time to cross can vary widely.

At most crossings, how long you wait depends on the time of day and the day of the week. Some crossings have little to no delay at off-peak travel times, and others, like Buffalo, New York, can log wait times around 40 minutes.

If you want to set appropriate expectations for how long it takes to cross the U.S.-Canada border, check the Government of Canada website , which is updated hourly.

» Learn more: Need a passport for a trip? Give yourself a big time cushion

If you're fully vaccinated and traveling to Canada, whether by car, plane or boat, you still have to follow certain protocols. To meet entry requirements, you must:

Have no symptoms of COVID-19.

Have received all doses of a COVID-19 vaccine at least 14 full days before you enter Canada.

Upload your proof of vaccination in ArriveCAN , an app that provides border crossing info and stores important documentation.

Have your required entry documents.

NOTE: As of April 1, 2022, fully vaccinated travelers no longer need to provide a negative test for entry.

» Learn more: 4 differences between a passport book and card

If you don’t meet all the requirements of a fully vaccinated traveler, you’ll have to quarantine for 14 days upon arrival. You may also be selected for a random arrival test at some airports and land crossings. These may take place at the airport or a designated testing site, or you may be provided with a do-it-yourself kit that you can send in once you arrive at your final destination.

If you live in Alaska, you may sometimes have to drive through Canada to get to certain regions of the state. Unvaccinated Alaska residents who must pass through Canada for necessary purposes (i.e. not for leisure or recreation) may do so without pre-entry and arrival COVID tests, but they must remain in their vehicle while driving through Canada. They'll also likely be given a specimen collection kit when they cross a land border into Canada.

If you're leaving Alaska to travel to the lower forty-eight, or if you're returning to Alaska after being in another state, you may also be granted special permission to pass through Canada. However, if you’re not fully vaccinated you will need a negative COVID molecular test result to enter. You'll also need proof that you live in Alaska if you’re driving north, or proof of residence or employment in the lower forty-eight if driving south.

The key to a successful U.S.-Canadian border crossing is preparation. Make sure you know what documentation and information you need well in advance of your arrival at the border or the airport. Ensure everything is in order and uploaded to the ArriveCAN app, and be patient. Above all, travel safely.

How to maximize your rewards

You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are some of the best travel credit cards of 2024 :

Flexibility, point transfers and a large bonus: Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card

No annual fee: Bank of America® Travel Rewards credit card

Flat-rate travel rewards: Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card

Bonus travel rewards and high-end perks: Chase Sapphire Reserve®

Luxury perks: The Platinum Card® from American Express

Business travelers: Ink Business Preferred® Credit Card

on Chase's website

1x-5x 5x on travel purchased through Chase Travel℠, 3x on dining, select streaming services and online groceries, 2x on all other travel purchases, 1x on all other purchases.

60,000 Earn 60,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months from account opening. That's $750 when you redeem through Chase Travel℠.

1.5%-5% Enjoy 5% cash back on travel purchased through Chase Travel℠, 3% cash back on drugstore purchases and dining at restaurants, including takeout and eligible delivery service, and unlimited 1.5% cash back on all other purchases.

Up to $300 Earn an additional 1.5% cash back on everything you buy (on up to $20,000 spent in the first year) - worth up to $300 cash back!

on Capital One's website

2x-5x Earn unlimited 2X miles on every purchase, every day. Earn 5X miles on hotels and rental cars booked through Capital One Travel, where you'll get Capital One's best prices on thousands of trip options.

75,000 Enjoy a one-time bonus of 75,000 miles once you spend $4,000 on purchases within 3 months from account opening, equal to $750 in travel.

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If you are a traveler coming to the U.S. through a land border Port of Entry and have a Ready Lane-eligible document, get the information you need to benefit from dedicated primary vehicle and pedestrian lanes and experience significantly faster processing.

Vaccinated Americans can enter Canada starting Monday. Here are 11 things to know before a trip.

Vaccinated American travelers will get the green light to cross Canada's borders on Monday , but the process won't be as simple as it was before the pandemic.

The country has implemented new health measures to keep the coronavirus at bay, such as asking visitors to provide additional documentation – including proof of vaccination and a coronavirus test – before crossing the land border. Air travelers also need to submit information , including coronavirus test results, before boarding a   plane to Canada. Falsifying information could result in hefty fines. 

Travelers can also expect longer wait times, thanks to the new public health measures.

Fully vaccinated U.S. citizens and permanent residents will be permitted to enter Canada for nonessential travel starting Monday at 12:01 a.m. ETD. White House officials have yet to say when the U.S. will reciprocate and ease its own travel restrictions against its Canadian neighbors. 

For Americans planning to take a trip up north soon, here are 11 things to know.

Learn more: Best travel insurance

►US borders: US extends Mexico, Canada border restrictions through Aug. 21

Canada border crossing requirements: Travelers will need to be fully vaccinated

American travelers wanting to visit Canada by land, air or water must complete a COVID-19 vaccination at least 14 days  before entry. The government of Canada accepts the Pfizer-BioNtech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca/COVISHIELD vaccines.  

Cruises are not permitted to enter Canadian waters, but the country's ban on cruise ships with more than 100 passengers is set to end Nov. 1. 

Everyone needs to get a negative coronavirus test 

All travelers, regardless of vaccination status, will need to show proof of a coronavirus molecular test – such as a PCR test – to enter. Fully vaccinated travelers will not need to take a post-arrival test unless they are randomly selected to do so. 

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services website has a list of  community-based testing sites for COVID-19 . The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggests travelers contact their health care provider or visit their local health department’s website to find the latest information on testing since the type of COVID-19 tests offered can differ by location.

Bring COVID-19 vaccine card, documentation

Travelers must show proof of vaccination  in either English, French or a certified translation.

Airlines will verify passengers’ vaccination status through the ArriveCAN app or website before passengers board their flights. Those driving across the border must use ArriveCAN before departing. Information must be submitted within 72 hours before arrival. 

Travelers are advised to carry their vaccine documentation to show officials at border entry points and should keep their test results and a list of close contacts and locations visited on hand.

Travelers without documentation will be denied boarding, and those who try to cross land borders without the proper documents will be sent back to the United States.

Travelers who try to falsify their documentation could be fined or denied entry to the country at a future date, according to Denis Vinette, vice president of the CBSA travelers branch. Two travelers who tried to enter Canada last month were fined nearly $20,000 Canadian dollars , or nearly $16,000, after providing false information related to proof of vaccination.  

"We've seen quite a few instances with individuals who've attempted to make use of fraudulent documents," Vinette said. "It's just not worth it.  

►Canada border reopens: Canada border opens to vaccinated US citizens Aug. 9: Everything you need to know

Check for any COVID-19 symptoms, and be prepared to quarantine

Fully vaccinated travelers won't need to quarantine upon arrival, but visitors with COVID-19 symptoms  will need to self-isolate. All visitors must provide a quarantine plan.

You can expect longer wait times

The CBSA is expecting increased processing times for border crossings come Monday due to enhanced public health measures. 

“The CBSA will not compromise the health and safety of Canadians for the sake of border wait times,” spokeswoman Rebecca Purdy told USA TODAY via email Tuesday.   

Vinetteof the CBSA said the agency expects a 10% to 25% increase in vehicles trying to cross the border once restrictions ease Monday, which would be just 20% or so of pre-pandemic levels. 

"We asked travelers to be patient but also to arrive prepared and knowledgeable of the requirements at the border," Vinette told USA TODAY. "It'll help increase passage and throughput and make the experience much more positive."

The agency’s website offers estimated border wait times at select land ports. 

Dan Weingarten, a spokesman for the Michigan Department of Transportation, added that the department will work to process traffic “as expeditiously as possible” through the state's toll plazas and border bridges.

“We anticipate any delays would be at the U.S. or Canadian customs checkpoints, which are not under our control,” Weingarten said. 

While a CBSA employee strike threatened to further increase wait times for travelers crossing the border, strike actions were called off late Friday  after labor unions reached a tentative agreement with the CBSA.  

Children, others who are exempted can enter Canada

Children under the age of 12 and unvaccinated dependent children will be allowed to enter the country with a fully vaccinated parent, stepparent, tutor or guardian who is eligible to enter Canada.

People with health conditions that prevent them from becoming fully vaccinated can qualify for eased quarantine and testing requirements but must follow a modified quarantine. 

►Canada border: Canada to reopen its borders to fully vaccinated Americans starting Aug. 9

You may run into other COVID-19 travel restrictions

Travelers will be required to follow public health measures, including monitoring for signs of COVID-19 and keeping a copy of vaccine documentation and test results 14 days after entry . 

Canada's government suggests mask wearing in shared spaces, and certain provinces – including Quebec  and Ontario – enforce mask mandates.

Travelers entering by air will need to wear a mask in Canadian airports and on flights to and from the country, regardless of vaccination status. 

Some provinces impose  other restrictions. Newfoundland and Labrador  require a travel form to enter.  Ontario has capacity limits on organized public events, retail spaces, museums, casinos, theaters and more. 

The country's national parks are open and welcome visitors, but access to facilities and services may be limited. 

►Mask rules, open venues and more: What you need to know about summer travel in Europe

Airlines add flights to Canada

Airlines are adding flights to Canada to accommodate the anticipated uptick of air travel demand.

Air Canada announced a summer trans-border schedule with up to 220 daily flights between the USA and Canada starting Monday. The initial schedule will include 55 routes and 34 U.S. destinations, but the airline plans to restore service to all 57 U.S. destinations previously served “as conditions allow,” according to the airline.  

United, which flies to Calgary, Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver, said it would add flights to Toronto and Vancouver in September.

American Airlines services four airports in Canada – Calgary, Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver – and is set to resume operations in Halifax, Quebec and Ottawa in the spring of 2022, according to a statement in June. 

Pricing from flight search tool Skyscanner on Fridayshowed airfares for August trips from the USA to Canada start at $329 for Vancouver, $359 for Toronto and $356 for Calgary. 

Effective Monday, international flights carrying passengers will be permitted to land at nine Canadian airports:

• Montréal-Trudeau International Airport
• Toronto Pearson International Airport
• Calgary International Airport
• Vancouver International Airport
• Halifax Stanfield International Airport
• Québec City Jean Lesage International Airport
• Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport
• Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport
• Edmonton International Airport

►Or there's Hawaii: 4 tips to make the most of your Maui vacation as more travelers head to Hawaii

Canada hotel room rates are low – but prices are rising

In June, the average daily room rate – or ADR – across Canada's hotels was $125.05 in Canadian dollars (U.S. $99.61), down 31% compared with 2019, according to hotel analytics company STR.  

Hotel room prices should rebound when border restrictions ease; STR expects ADR to hit $116.22 by the end of September, according to a June statement. The firm expects smaller cities and resorts to lead the recovery. 

“International demand plays an incredibly important role in the recovery process, and we expect a jump in hotel leisure and corporate demand once the U.S./Canada land border reopens,” the news release read.

►More: Yes, room prices are higher. Hotel rates hit record high the week of July 4.

The majority of eligible Canadians are vaccinated against COVID-19

Canada's vaccine rollout had a slower start, but the country has surpassed U.S. vaccination rates. 

More than 71% of the Canadian population  has received at least one dose of the vaccine and nearly 60% were fully vaccinated as of July 31. In the U.S.,  58% of the population was partially vaccinated and 50% was fully vaccinated  as of Friday.  

US extends Canada border closure 

The United States  extended border restrictions on nonessential travel last month, keeping its borders with Canada and Mexico closed through at least Aug. 21. The restrictions to entry affect land and ferry travel. 

The move is meant to help the country decrease the spread of COVID-19, including the highly contagious delta variant.

International travelers who plan to return to the U.S. by air will need to get tested no more than three days before travel and show a negative test result or documentation of recovery to the airline before boarding, according to the CDC. This policy does not apply to land border crossings.

►COVID-19 travel: The delta variant is spreading. Should travelers be concerned?

Follow USA TODAY reporter Bailey Schulz on Twitter: @bailey_schulz . 

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Visiting USA From Canada: What You Need To Know

Are you a Canadian looking to visit the United States? In this blog post, we’ll discuss everything you need to know to make your trip across the border smooth and hassle-free. From applying for a travel visa to finding great sightseeing spots, we’ll cover all the basics of visiting the United States from Canada. So let’s get started on your journey across the border!

Flying To The US:

For Canadian citizens visiting the United States, the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) is a key requirement. It is an online system developed by the US government to determine eligibility to travel to the US under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). ESTA grants permission to fly to the US, but it does not guarantee entry.

In order to obtain an ESTA, travelers must first apply online at the official website and submit their details such as name, date of birth, passport information, address, and contact information. Once approved, it will be valid for two years or until the traveler’s passport expires, whichever comes first. If a traveler does not have an ESTA, they will be denied boarding from their departing flight.

It is important to note that if you plan to travel multiple times within a two year period, you will need to reapply for ESTA each time. Additionally, your ESTA may be revoked if you fail to meet the VWP requirements or if you fail to provide truthful information during the application process.

Therefore, it is important for Canadians planning to travel to the US to research and understand the ESTA and VWP requirements prior to their departure in order to avoid any potential problems while flying.

The Visa Waiver Program

For those wishing to visit the United States from Canada, the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) is an incredibly useful tool. This program allows citizens of certain countries, including Canada, to travel to the US without a visa for business or pleasure trips of 90 days or less. In order to enter the United States through the VWP, you must have a valid passport and an approved ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization).

When traveling to the US under the VWP, travelers should note that they are only allowed to stay in the country for 90 days or less, and if they intend to stay longer, they will need to apply for a visa before departing their home country. Additionally, travelers should be aware that they will not be allowed to work in the United States while on the VWP.

The ESTA application process is straightforward and easy to complete. First, travelers must fill out an online application form, which will ask for personal information such as name, date of birth, address, passport details, and contact information. Then, travelers must submit the payment for the ESTA fee, currently $14 USD. After the payment has been processed, travelers will receive an email with a link to a confirmation page. Once travelers have received their ESTA confirmation page, they will be able to travel to the United States.

If you are planning on traveling to the United States from Canada and would like to take advantage of the Visa Waiver Program, make sure you plan ahead and follow all the necessary steps for ESTA approval. This program can make your trip much easier and hassle-free!

Arriving To The US By Land

If you’re planning to drive to the United States from Canada, there are a few things you should be aware of before you cross the border. When crossing the border by land, make sure you have all the documents you need to prove your identity and admissibility into the US.

In most cases, a valid Canadian passport or a NEXUS card will be sufficient. If you do not have either, you will need to present other documents such as a birth certificate and photo identification. In some cases, you may need to fill out an I-94 form which you can get from the US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) website.

You must also ensure that your vehicle is in good working condition and that you have all the necessary documents to drive in the US, including a valid driver’s license, vehicle registration and proof of insurance. Make sure you are familiar with the rules and regulations of the state you are visiting before you enter.

When you arrive at the border, be prepared for questions about why you’re entering the US, your travel plans, how long you plan to stay and more. Be prepared to provide proof of financial support for your trip if asked.

The border patrol agents may also ask to search your vehicle and any items inside. This includes checking for illegal substances and firearms. Make sure you follow their instructions and remain polite throughout the process.

If the agents approve your entry, they will stamp your passport or other documents with an entry date and time. Keep this safe as you will need to show it when leaving the US. If you lose it, you may need to apply for a new one which can take up to several weeks to process.

Things to see and do in the United States

The United States is a vast and diverse country with countless attractions for travelers of all types. From breathtaking natural landscapes to historic sites, bustling cities, and delicious regional cuisines, there’s something for everyone.

If you’re looking for iconic cityscapes, New York City has it all – from the Empire State Building and Statue of Liberty to the world-renowned art galleries, Broadway theaters, and abundance of shopping and nightlife. Other popular cities worth visiting include Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Chicago.

For outdoor enthusiasts, the US is home to some of the world’s most spectacular national parks. Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming offers picturesque views of geysers and lush valleys, while Yosemite National Park in California has dramatic granite cliffs and giant sequoia trees. Closer to the east coast, Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee and North Carolina is an idyllic spot for hiking and camping.

If you’re looking for history and culture, there are many amazing places to explore, such as the Freedom Trail in Boston, the Smithsonian Museums in Washington D.C., and the Alamo in San Antonio, Texas. The country also offers plenty of unique regional cuisines that range from Southern BBQ to Tex-Mex and Maine lobster rolls.

No matter what type of traveler you are, the United States is sure to have something to offer. So come on over and discover all that this great nation has to offer!

Dealing with culture shock

Visiting the US from Canada can be a culture shock. Everything from the people, the food, and the sights can be different from what you’re used to. It’s important to be mindful of these differences and remain respectful of the US culture. Don’t forget to research the customs, laws, and language of the country you are visiting beforehand to prepare yourself. Also, if you find yourself feeling overwhelmed, take some time to yourself to recharge and adjust.

After your trip to the US, it’s time to head back home. To do so, you’ll need a valid passport and any visas or ESTA documents that you were granted for the trip. Make sure to check the expiration dates of any visas or ESTA documents to make sure they will still be valid when you return home. When crossing back into Canada, be prepared to present your passport and documents at the border control. Additionally, if you are bringing any goods from the US into Canada, make sure to familiarize yourself with the rules for customs.

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Traveller entry requirements

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Find out if you can enter Canada

Visas, Electronic Travel Authorizations and other documentation you may need to enter or transit through Canada

Visas, Electronic Travel Authorizations and other documentation you may need to enter or transit through Canada.

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Verify your identity and make a customs declaration at Canada’s major international airports

Directory of CBSA border offices and services across Canada

List of designated CBSA offices and service locations across Canada

Examining digital devices at the Canadian border

Your cell phones, tablets, laptops and any other digital device you are carrying can be examined when you when cross the border

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Options, exceptions, consequences for failing to report and more.

Reporting requirements for non-commercial aircraft

Landing private, company-owned or charter aircraft in Canada

Advance Declaration: Save time at the border

Use Advance Declaration in ArriveCAN to submit your customs and immigration declaration before flying into Canada

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Americans Visiting Canada 

Travel between canada and the united states is common and fairly straightforward. nevertheless, if you are an american visiting canada, there are some regulations you should be aware of, and being informed will make your journey simple and easy. .

Visa and Passport  

A visa is not required for U.S. citizens visiting Canada, providing their stay does not exceed 180 days. However, if you are coming into Canada for reasons other than a pleasure trip, such as to work, study, or immigrate, then you must qualify for the correct entry status. In such a case, you should contact the Canadian Embassy or a nearby consulate in order to obtain the appropriate answers to your questions, and get the necessary application forms for a temporary visa. 

Americans visiting Canada for a leisure purposes must hold a valid, up-to-date U.S. passport. NEXUS card and Green Card holders can use their membership documentation as a substitute for a passport, as it proves both identity and citizenship. Like a passport, the NEXUS or Green Card is scanned at land border crossings and airports. The card costs $50. 

Note: all American visitors require an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) if arriving by plane (an eTA is not necessary if arriving by land or sea). 

Medical 

Each Canadian province has its government-operated health care plan, and every Canadian citizen holds a Medicare card that gives them access to the benefits of that plan. If you are an American visiting Canada, and you require medical attention during your stay, you should be prepared to pay, in cash, the amount required for medical services, at the time that the service is performed. Canadian health care providers do not accept U.S. domestic health insurance. 

It is always a good idea to purchase medical travel insurance , even if your trip is a short one. It is best to be prepared! 

Firearms 

In Canada, possession and use of firearms is more strictly controlled than in the United States. Since January 2001, visitors bringing firearms into Canada, or planning to borrow or use firearms while in Canada, must make a declaration in writing on the appropriate forms (in triplicate), which must be signed by a border patrol officer at the point of crossing. A temporary firearms license is valid for up to 60 days. If your firearms are not declared, they may be confiscated and will not be returned to you. Moreover, you could be arrested and face possible jail time. 

It is important to remember that while traveling to another country, you are always subject to that country's laws and regulations. 

Contact Information 

If you are an American visiting Canada and you would like additional information on matters concerning your travels north, you can contact the Canadian Embassy in Washington: 

Embassy of Canada to the United States 501 Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington, DC 20001 Telephone (general inquiries): 202-682-1740

Canadian consulate offices can also be found in the cities of Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Honolulu, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis, New York, San Francisco and Seattle.

USA Residents Visiting Relatives in Canada  

Currently, visitors from the USA do not require an entry visa for stays of six months or less. However, USA parents or grandparents of Canadian citizens or permanent residents are eligible to benefit from the Parent and Grandparent Super Visa provisions. USA citizens who wish to visit Canada for up to two years without having to renew their authorized stay should consider applying for an extended authorized stay by proving that the requirements for the Super Visa are met. For more information, see the Super Visa .

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How to apply for or renew a U.S. tourist visa

If you visit the U.S. for tourism or business, you may need a visitor visa, also known as a tourist visa. Learn how to get and renew this type of nonimmigrant visa.

Find out if you need a visa to visit the U.S.

Check if your country participates in the U.S. Visa Waiver Program (VWP) . If it does, you can get a waiver and will not need a visa. If you do not see your country listed, you will need a visitor visa.

Visitor (tourist) visas and other travel documents for entering the U.S.

The visitor visa is a type of nonimmigrant visa for people who wish to temporarily enter the U.S. There are two categories:

• B-1 for business travel
• B-2 for tourism and medical treatment

Learn about B-1 and B-2 visas , including:

• Reasons you would need each type of visitor visa
• How to apply
• What documents you will need
• Application fees
• How to prepare for your interview at your U.S. embassy or consulate

Along with your visa, you must bring a passport issued by your country of citizenship. When you arrive at your port of entry into the U.S., officials will issue you a Form I-94, which electronically records your arrival and departure dates. Learn more about Form I-94.

How to renew a visitor visa

The process to renew a visitor visa is the same as getting one for the first time. Follow the process to apply for a visitor visa from the Department of State.

Find the contact information for your nearest U.S. embassy or consulate and contact them for visa renewal information.

Understand expiration dates for visas and I-94 forms

• The date you must depart the U.S. will be shown on your Form I-94. This date is determined by the Customs and Border Protection officer when you arrive at the port-of-entry into the U.S. 
• Only diplomatic visa holders and their dependents can renew their visas while they are in the U.S.

LAST UPDATED: May 31, 2024

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Travelling for Canada Day or U.S. Independence Day? The CBSA gives tips for a smoother trip

From: Canada Border Services Agency

News release

June 25, 2024 Ottawa, Ontario

The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) reminds travellers of what to expect when crossing the border for the upcoming Canada Day and U.S. Independence Day holidays.

Every day, the CBSA works hard to protect Canadians, support the economy and ensure the safe and efficient movement of people and goods across our borders. In 2023, we welcomed over 86M travellers and intercepted more than 72,200 kg of prohibited drugs, cannabis, narcotics, and chemicals, representing an increase of close to 30% from 2022.

The CBSA dedicates significant efforts to planning and preparing for peak periods, including long weekends and summer months. We monitor traveller volumes and plan to minimize border wait times at land ports of entry and at international airports, without compromising safety and security.

Here are some tips to help you plan for your trip:

Before you travel, plan ahead

• Early mornings are the best time to cross the border to avoid wait times 
• The Mondays after holiday long weekends tend to be the busiest.
• Consider an alternative port of entry with shorter wait times or less traffic.
• Check the port of entry’s hours of operation on the official  CBSA Directory of Offices and Services
• If you are using a GPS application (such as Google Maps, Apple Maps or Waze) to direct you to a port of entry, consider checking different navigation options (such as fastest and shortest routes) to determine the preferred route of travel.
• Have your  travel documents  handy.  Speed up processing times by always coming prepared with your travel documents.
• Travelling with children? When  travelling with a child  who is not your own or for whom you don’t have full legal custody, we recommend you have a consent letter from the parent or legal guardian authorizing you to travel with the child. We are always watching for  missing children , and in the absence of the letter, officers may ask additional questions.
• Flying into Canada? Use Advance Declaration and make your customs and immigration declaration up to 72 hours in advance of your arrival into Canada at participating airports.
• Entering Canada by boat? You must report to the CBSA without delay. Review  reporting requirements for private boaters  before making travel plans.

At the border, b e prepared to declare

Declare everything you have with you upon entry into Canada. If arriving by land, you are responsible for everything inside your vehicle. If you are the operator of a boat entering Canadian waters with the intent to disembark, you are responsible for reporting your goods on board.

Are you bringing any of the following into Canada?

• Food, plant, or animal products:  Consult the  Automated Import Reference System (AIRS) before bringing any food, plant, or animal products into Canada.
• Poultry products: Be sure to review current restrictions on poultry and birds from the United States  before bringing these products across the border. Homemade food or leftovers containing poultry cannot be brought into Canada.
• Fireworks:  Consult  Importing, exporting and transporting fireworks  to ensure that the fireworks you are bringing in are authorized.
• Medication:  Make sure you understand  your responsibilities when travelling with medication.
• Firewood:   Firewood  from outside of Canada is not permitted as it may contain diseases or invasive insects. Buy local and burn local.   
• Make sure know how much you are bringing back in Canadian dollars and have your receipts readily available for the officer.
• Use the  CBSA duty and taxes estimator to help estimate the amounts owed on goods purchased abroad.

Restricted and prohibited goods

Make sure you review the necessary information before attempting to bring certain items into Canada.  If not, you risk having your goods seized or facing fines and/or prosecution.

• Firearms: Leave them at home. You are encouraged not to travel with firearms. If you choose to do so, be sure to check the  rules on importing firearms .
• Weapons: Other restricted and prohibited goods include pepper spray, switchblades, and butterfly knives.
• Narcotics :  Narcotics such as cocaine and heroin, are illegal in Canada. If you are found to be in possession of illegal drugs (on your person, in your vehicle, or in your luggage) you will be arrested and may be charged. The drugs will be seized.
• Cannabis: Don’t bring it in. Don’t take it out. While cannabis is legal in Canada, bringing it across the border in any form, including oils containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD), without a permit or exemption  authorized by Health Canada is a serious criminal offence subject to arrest and prosecution. A medical prescription from a doctor does not count as Health Canada authorization.

Not sure? Ask a CBSA officer.  The best way to save time is to be open and honest with the CBSA officer. If you are not sure about what to declare, don't hesitate to ask.

For more information, visit the  CBSA Website  or call us at 1-800-461-9999.

Associated links

• Plan your trip across the border
• Residents returning to Canada
• Border reminder checklist
• Advance Declaration video

For more information or to schedule an interview with a CBSA representative, please contact:

Media Relations Canada Border Services Agency [email protected] 1-877-761-5945

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What Americans Need to Know Before Visiting Canada

Most important: You must have a passport or equivalent

In many ways, Canada is much like the United States, and historically, the two countries have been casual about crossing back and forth over the border, almost like we are one big happy family. 

But even though the U.S. and Canada maintain a healthy friendship, certain restrictions and differences in laws can affect a U.S. citizen visiting Canada. 

Before you head north , check out the nine things you should know about visiting Canada. In addition, get the lowdown on  Canada's top attractions , the cost of traveling , and common  myths and misconceptions .

You Must Have a Passport

All U.S. citizens arriving in Canada must have a valid passport or passport equivalent, such as a passport card or NEXUS card . Gone are the days of casual cross-border visits with only a driver's license; those disappeared after 9/11. There's some leniency when it comes to children coming to Canada. Travelers 15 years of age, or younger, need only present a birth certificate or certified copy to the border patrol.

You Can Bring Fido but Not Fresh Fruit

Be sure to educate yourself on what can and can't be brought over the border to Canada when you visit. For example, you can bring your pet (with proper documentation), but fresh fruit is a no-no. Take advantage of shopping for duty-free liquor and cigarettes at the duty-free stores, but you can only buy  limited amounts .

Canada is a popular hunting destination but be sure to read up on the country's laws regarding prohibited, restricted, and non-restricted guns and be sure you have all the proper paperwork.

You can take gifts into Canada, but anything valued at over $60 CAD is subject to duty and taxes.

Your U.S. Driver's License Is Valid

At first glance, driving in Canada looks the same as it does in the U.S., but dig a little deeper and you'll notice some differences.

The good news is, your U.S. driver's license is perfectly transferable to driving in Canada. However, you'll need to learn some of the other laws and conditions.

Speed limits are different in Canada and posted in metric, so kilometers, not miles, are used to indicate maximum speeds in any given area. Distracted driving laws are in effect in all Canadian provinces and territories , which means cell phones must be used hands-free when driving. Canada also makes it a no-no to smoke in a car if you have a minor (under 16 years old).​

Driving conditions in winter can be extremely hazardous. Have a charged cell phone and an emergency kit when you head out in snowy weather. If your car is not ready for winter driving, consider renting a car that is better equipped. 

U.S. Currency Is Not Accepted Everywhere

Though many border towns and large metropolitan areas will accept U.S. currency , it is not widely accepted in other parts of Canada, like smaller or more remote towns, where they only deal in Canadian currency. Tourist attractions and major malls will probably give you a reasonable exchange rate, while other businesses may just accept U.S. currency at par.

You Could Get Dinged With Cellphone Roaming Charges

Scott McLean

Your U.S. cellphone will work in Canada, but the charges will be astronomical if you don't let your carrier know you are heading out of the country and have them work out a texting and calling package for you while you're away. If you don't set up a special plan, turn off your cellular data in settings and only download email when you're hooked up to WiFi.

You Could Be Denied Entry

Canadians love their neighbors to the south and are a friendly lot, but they don't let just anyone across the border. Canadian Border Services Agency guards can get sticky when it comes to criminal records or suspicious behavior. You should be aware of what can get you denied entry ; that includes DUIs and improper identification or papers if you're traveling with minors who are not your own.

You'll Still Need Health Insurance

Canada does have an excellent universal health care system, but only for Canadians. If you are visiting Canada, you might want to purchase travel health insurance coverage for your stay, unless your health insurance provider covers you outside the U.S.

Legal Drinking Age Is 18 or 19

You may have to wait until 21 years old in the U.S.A., but make your way north and the legal drinking age goes down to 18 or 19-years-old in Canada , depending on the province. The drinking age also applies to the ability to buy liquor and beer, which in most parts of Canada is at specially designated liquor and beer stores, not in grocery or convenience stores. 

The Taxes Might Surprise You

Your restaurant or hotel bill might surprise you if you don't know that Canada adds a federal sales tax on all goods and services. Most other provinces also have their own tax, which means, depending on where you are in Canada, your bill could have up to an additional 15 percent tacked on. The tax refund program for visitors to Canada was dropped in 2007 , so the taxes you pay while you're in Canada stay in Canada.

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Before You Travel to Canada

What You Need to Know About Visiting Canada From the U.S.

Do Children Need a Passport to Visit Canada?

Top 9 Mexico Travel Myths Debunked

Reasons You May Be Denied Entry at the Canada Border

Is U.S. Currency Accepted in Canada?

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Passport Requirements for Driving to Canada

What Travel Documents Are Needed for Your Caribbean Vacation?

Vancouver to Seattle Border Crossing: Which Travel Documents do I Need?

How to Apply for a NEXUS Card

Driving in Mexico: What You Need to Know

Driving in Cancun

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I am visiting the U.S. and I want to come to Canada. Do I need an eTA?

Most travellers need a visitor visa or an eTA to travel to, or transit through, Canada.

What you need depends on:

• the type of travel document you will travel with;
• the country that issued your travel document;
• your nationality; and
• how you will travel to Canada.

Before you apply , find out what you need .

New entry requirement now in effect

Visa-exempt foreign nationals need an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) to fly to or transit through Canada by air. Exceptions include U.S. citizens and travellers with a valid Canadian visa. Canadian citizens, including dual citizens , and Canadian permanent residents cannot apply for an eTA.

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Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau

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• Prime Minister to travel to Washington, D.C., for NATO Summit

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For 75 years, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has underpinned the rules-based international order. As threats to peace and security become increasingly complex and attempts to destabilize our collective defence become more sophisticated, Canada and its NATO Allies are standing united – dedicated to defending democracy, security, and freedom.

The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today announced he will travel to Washington, D.C., United States of America, from July 8 to 11, 2024, to participate in this year’s NATO Summit.

The Summit will be an opportunity for the Prime Minister to reaffirm Canada’s commitment to Euro-Atlantic security and stability, particularly in the face of ongoing Russian aggression and destabilization. He will highlight Canada’s contributions to NATO’s collective defence efforts across Europe, including through  Operation REASSURANCE , Canada’s largest active overseas military deployment.

At the Summit, Prime Minister Trudeau will meet with NATO Allies and international partners to strengthen Euro-Atlantic security. Together, NATO leaders will explore ways to bolster collective deterrence and enhance defence capabilities and co-operation, while addressing other ongoing and emerging threats to the rules-based international order.

While in Washington, the Prime Minister will meet with members of the United States Senate and House of Representatives to advance opportunities for Canadian businesses, workers, and communities across the country – as part of our Team Canada effort to promote and defend Canada’s interests in and with the United States.

Prime Minister Trudeau and NATO Allies will be joined by the President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, for a NATO-Ukraine Council meeting focused on enhancing support for Ukraine and further responding to Russia’s unjustifiable war of aggression. During this meeting, Prime Minister Trudeau will underline the importance of continued military, financial, and humanitarian support to Ukraine. Throughout his visit, the Prime Minister will reaffirm Canada’s commitment to strengthening shared defence priorities and security partnerships.

“The NATO Alliance stands steadfast – protecting freedom and in defence of democracy. NATO was founded 75 years ago, and Canada has been part of nearly every operation in the Alliance. At this year’s Summit, we will strengthen our work to uphold the global order that underpins our prosperity and sovereignty.” The Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada

Quick Facts

• At the NATO Summit, Prime Minister Trudeau will be joined by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mélanie Joly, and the Minister of National Defence, Bill Blair.
• This NATO Summit will be the first to include Sweden as a member of the Alliance. Sweden officially joined the Alliance in March 2024.
• The North Atlantic Treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., on April 4, 1949, establishing the NATO Alliance, of which Canada is a founding member.
• Supporting NATO assurance and deterrence measures in Central and Eastern Europe through  Operation REASSURANCE . With approximately 1,500 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members currently deployed, it is Canada’s largest international military operation. Canada has been leading the NATO multinational Battlegroup, soon to be Brigade, in Latvia since 2017. In July 2023, Prime Minister Trudeau announced the renewal and expansion of Operation REASSURANCE, committing $2.6 billion to a three-year mandate, with up to 2,200 CAF troops continuously deployed.
• Deploying His Majesty’s Canadian Ship Charlottetown to join and assume flagship duties of Standing NATO Maritime Group 2 (SNMG2) as part of Operation REASSURANCE in the Mediterranean Sea. The Royal Canadian Navy’s involvement in SNMG2 demonstrates Canada’s continued participation in NATO and strengthens military co-operation with our Allies and partners in the region.
• Hosting the NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence, in Montréal, Quebec, and NATO’s North American Regional Office of the Defence Innovation Accelerator for the North Atlantic, in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
• Continuing to support training and capacity-building efforts in the Middle East under  Operation IMPACT , including through NATO Mission Iraq, which was set up under Canadian command, and contributing to lasting security and stability in the country.
• Providing CAF personnel support to the NATO-led international peace support operation in Kosovo through  Operation KOBOLD .
• In Budget 2024 and Our North, Strong and Free: A Renewed Vision for Canada’s Defence , the Government of Canada announced $8.1 billion over five years and $73 billion over 20 years in new defence spending. This builds on historic investments the federal government has made to date to support members of our Armed Forces, strengthen Canada’s defence capabilities, and respond to global challenges.
• Since 2022, Canada has committed over $19 billion in multifaceted support to Ukraine. This includes $4 billion in military aid and equipment donations, such as Leopard 2A4 main battle tanks and an armoured recovery vehicle, armoured combat support vehicles, anti-tank weapons, and other arms and equipment. Other assistance includes $12.4 billion in financial assistance, $352.5 million in humanitarian assistance, $442 million in development assistance, and over $210 million in security and stabilization programming.

Associated Links

• Canada and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Canada-United States relations
• Budget 2024: Fairness for every generation
• Our North, Strong and Free: A Renewed Vision for Canada’s Defence
• NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence
• Canada’s response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine

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Wednesday, July 3, 2024

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