tourism discourse

Tourism Discourse

Language and Global Mobility

• © 2010
• Adam Jaworski

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• sociolinguistics
• linguistics
• media studies
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About this book

'[The authors] have been extremely successful in giving us the tools, the practices and methods for compiling working corpora to develop this new field of enquiry in the sociolinguistics of tourism. Developing a new critical methodology to examine the discourses that often remained unquestioned in a strictly business studies approach to tourism and hospitality is sufficient justification and recommendation for their innovative work.' - Charlie Mansfield, Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

'...the study should prove relevant to scholars interested in the topics of language, representation, international communication and social mobility in a variety of contexts...Thurlow and Jaworski are indubitably developing a very promising research programme. Indeed Tourism Discourse will prove a welcome addition to the scholarly conversation.' - Raymond Oenbring, Discourse & Society

Tourism discourse: Languages and banal globalization

• Crispin Thurlow and Adam Jaworski
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Tourism Discourse: Language and Global Mobility 2010th Edition

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• ISBN-10 1403987963
• ISBN-13 978-1403987969
• Edition 2010th
• Publisher Palgrave Macmillan
• Publication date February 24, 2010
• Language English
• Dimensions 5.75 x 0.83 x 8.54 inches
• Print length 291 pages
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Editorial Reviews

'[The authors] have been extremely successful in giving us the tools, the practices and methods for compiling working corpora to develop this new field of enquiry in the sociolinguistics of tourism. Developing a new critical methodology to examine the discourses that often remained unquestioned in a strictly business studies approach to tourism and hospitality is sufficient justification and recommendation for their innovative work.' - Charlie Mansfield, Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

'...the study should prove relevant to scholars interested in the topics of language, representation, international communication and social mobility in a variety of contexts...Thurlow and Jaworski are indubitably developing a very promising research programme. Indeed Tourism Discourse will prove a welcome addition to the scholarly conversation.' - Raymond Oenbring, Discourse & Society

About the Author

Product details.

• Publisher ‏ : ‎ Palgrave Macmillan; 2010th edition (February 24, 2010)
• Language ‏ : ‎ English
• Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 291 pages
• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1403987963
• ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1403987969
• Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.09 pounds
• Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.75 x 0.83 x 8.54 inches

About the author

Crispin thurlow.

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Thurlow, C. & Jaworski, A. (2010). Tourism Discourse: Language and Global Mobility . Basingstoke & New York: Palgrave MacMillan. In this engaging and lively book, Crispin Thurlow and Adam Jaworski present a compelling analysis of - and new insights into - the role of spoken, written and visual discourse in producing tourism as a global cultural industry. Framed by the symbolic and economic orders of global mobility, Tourism Discourse presents an empirically-based discussion of language ideologies and host-tourist relations in contemporary tourism. Each chapter investigates a different tourism genre: inflight magazines, trade signs and business cards, tourists' postcard messages, television holiday shows, newspaper travelogues, and guidebook glossaries. For Thurlow and Jaworski, these 'discourses on the move' illuminate the everyday experience and 'banal enactment' of globalization.

Recipient of the 2011 Distinguished Scholarship award, International & Intercultural Communication, National Communication Association.

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Discourse of tourism: rhetoric and metaphorical aspects (in education and tourist brochures)

E3S Web of Conferences

Modern transportation and communication technology, the Internet, have put people closer together, made the world a tiny place indeed, thus making interaction and cooperation between countries faster and ever more consistent. Growing numbers of interpersonal connections on the global scale often level traditions and cultures. Development of mass culture is making people, to some extent, similar. The urge to stabilise one’s internal structures of personality had become a natural reaction to these processes, that is why creating positive cultural image is now a pressing need for many. Tourism as a type of cross-cultural communication is one of the powerful stimuli for that need as well as the source of positive perception of one’s environment. In this article we will address the following issues: text rhetoric of educational and tourist brochures as well as their discourse, connected by genre of educational tourism brochure. We argue that it is possible to build and enhance the positi...

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The article deals with the problem of lingua-cultural peculiarities of tourism discourse, contrastive analysis of English and Georgian tourism-related vocabulary and terminology, and outlook of teaching tourism discourse to students or people who are interested in the field of tourism. Tourism discourse is an independent type of discourse that has a specific addressee and it refers to communication among people who do not belong to a specific social or cultural group or language community. Therefore, our main focus will be addressed to reveal language peculiarities of English and Georgian tourism discourse to make the teaching process easier for any group of people who are interested in understanding the specific terms and expressions used in the texts. Revealing lingua-cultural differences and similarities between the chosen English and Georgian texts contributes to a better understanding of various cultures and traditions. Thus, the paper aims to research the vocabulary and termin...

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Unlocking Algeria: The Hidden Gem of African Tourism

Algeria, africa's largest country, is working to attract more tourists to its cultural and scenic treasures, aiming to shake its tourism backwater status. with ambitious plans for hotel construction and site restoration, officials hope to quadruple tourism by 2030, improving infrastructure and reforming visa systems to rival neighbors like morocco and tunisia..

Algeria wants to lure more visitors to the cultural and scenic treasures of Africa's largest country, shedding its status as a tourism backwater and expanding a sector outshone by competitors in neighbouring Morocco and Tunisia.

The giant north African country offers Roman and Islamic sites, beaches and mountains just an hour's flight from Europe, and haunting Saharan landscapes, where visitors can sleep on dunes under the stars and ride camels with Tuareg nomads. But while tourist-friendly Morocco welcomed 14.5 million visitors in 2023, bigger, richer Algeria hosted just 3.3 million foreign tourists, according the tourism ministry.

About 1.2 million of those holiday-makers were Algerians from the disapora visiting families. The lack of travellers is testimony to Algeria's neglect of a sector that remains one of world tourism's undiscovered gems.

As Algeria's oil and gas revenues grew in the 1960s and 70s, successive governments lost interest in developing mass tourism. A descent into political strife in the 1990s pushed the country further off the beaten track. But while security is now much improved, Algeria needs to tackle an inflexible visa system and poor transport links, as well as grant privileges to local and foreign private investors to enable tourism to flourish, analysts say.

Saliha Nacerbay, General Director of the National Tourism Office, outlined plans to attract 12 million tourists by 2030 - an ambitious fourfold increase. "To achieve this, we, as the tourism and traditional industry sector, are seeking to encourage investments, provide facilities to investors, build tourist and hotel facilities," she said, speaking at the International Tourism and Travel Fair, hosted in Algiers from May 30 to June 2.

Algeria has plans to build hotels and restructure and modernize existing ones. The tourism ministry said that about 2,000 tourism projects have been approved so far, 800 of which are currently under construction. The country is also restoring its historical sites, with 249 locations earmarked for tourism expansion. Approximately 70 sites have been prepared, and restoration plans are underway for 50 additional sites, officials said.

French tourist Patrick Lebeau emphasised the need to improve infrastructure to fully realise Algeria's tourism prospects. "Obviously, there is a lot of tourism potential, but much work still needs to be done to attract us," Lebeau said.

Tourism and travel provided 543,500 jobs in Algeria in 2021, according to the Statista website. In contrast, tourism professionals in Morocco estimate the sector provides 700,000 direct jobs in the kingdom, and many more jobs indirectly. (Writing by Tarek Amara, Additional reporting by Ahmed El Jechtimiin Rabat, Editing by William Maclean)

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Deepfakes take just minutes to make with artificial intelligence. Here’s how Indian political parties use them against opponents

Muthuvel Karunanidhi, an iconic Indian actor-turned-politician, made a surprising appearance in January ahead of the Indian election.

Clad in his trademark black sunglasses, white shirt and yellow shawl, he is seen in a video congratulating a friend and fellow politician on the launch of their autobiography.

In the eight-minute speech , the patriarch of politics in the southern state of Tamil Nadu also took the opportunity to praise the stable leadership of MK Stalin, his son and the current leader of the state.

It’s a powerful endorsement, especially considering Karunanidhi died in 2018.

Deepfakes are videos, images or audio clips made with artificial intelligence that mimic a person's likeness or voice.

While they can be used for fun, they can also be made to deliberately mislead people, which is what appears to be happening during the Indian election campaign.

In another video that surfaced in recent months, Bollywood star Aamir Khan is heard mocking India's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) for failing to deliver a decade-old promise to deposit 1.5 million Indian rupees ($27,000) into the bank accounts of every Indian citizen.

It ends with his endorsement of the opposition Congress Party.

The voice in the video resembles Khan's but has been artificially manipulated.

A spokesperson clarified that while the actor had raised electoral awareness through campaigns in the past, he has never promoted a specific political party.

Divyendra Singh Jadoun — who gained fame under the YouTube channel, The Indian Deepfaker — is no stranger to such content after doing work in film and advertisements.

His firm Polymath Synthetic Media Solutions is one of many deepfake service providers catering to political parties and this year his team's been bombarded with requests.

"The first conversation was can you do a deepfake of an opponent political leader?" Mr Jadoun said.

Representatives of India's political parties have asked Mr Jadoun to manipulate audio of opposition candidates making gaffes during the campaign and superimpose their faces onto sexually explicit content.

He's even been asked by one party to create a low-quality fake video of their own candidate, which would be used to counter any damning real videos that emerge during the campaign.

Out of 200 requests he received, Mr Jadoun says the majority were unethical and rejected by his team.

"We won't be creating any content that is used to defame anyone or put [question] marks on some opponent leader," he said.

How AI-generated content can be ethically used in campaigns 

Mr Jadoun's team creates AI-generated videos to help increase the reach of personal messages.

For example, he can shoot a 15-minute video with a party leader and use it to build an avatar that can deliver calls and video messages to hundreds of thousands of individual party workers.

The messages can be personalised to address everyone by name, and be delivered in any of the country's 22 languages.

"It's not possible for the party leader to address each and every party worker," Mr Jadoun said.

He says his team has worked with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's BJP as well as their main opponent, the Congress Party, and regional heavyweights on developing AI tools to help recognise the efforts of volunteers.

As a former student politician, the 31-year-old is used to giving rousing speeches in front of large crowds and travelling across his state, Rajasthan, to develop his network.

He knows what an effective campaign needs and says a candidate's chance of winning an election depends on the hard work of their party cadre.

"If you consider politics as a company, this is the only company in the world where its employees are working for completely free …," Mr Jadoun said.

"The only thing that they need is recognition from the particular party leader."

Technology has changed political campaigning

Mr Jadoun says when he first started in 2021, it would take him between seven to 12 days to make a low quality deepfake, which was one minute long.

Now the technology has advanced so rapidly, anyone can make one in minutes.

"Even if they have no knowledge of coding, there are so many websites," he said.

"They just have to put a single image and a video where they want to swap the face and it can create the deepfake video in just less than three minutes."

Political consultant Sagar Vishnoi, who pioneered the use of AI in Indian politics and worked on the country's first high-profile political deepfake back in 2020, says the technology has changed campaigning.

He said it has made it 50 times cheaper and estimates over the next five years, 80 per cent of campaigns will be driven by AI.

"Eight-hundred million people are connected to the internet and the data rates are so cheap," he said.

"Political parties have such good network and distribution channels within themselves, that they can reach out to more masses."

Mr Vishnoi, who runs workshops and awareness campaigns teaching law enforcement to fight deepfakes, says there is potential for serious misuse of the technology.

"[If] AI holds power to connect billions of people, it holds the power to create misinformation in 10 seconds," he said.

"It can even create riots or disturb the social fabric of the nation, by making political leaders speak about some religion or caste."

Women and marginalised groups are particularly vulnerable to deepfakes

Women and marginalised groups from conservative and religious countries are particularly vulnerable to deepfakes.

In Bangladesh, deepfake videos of female opposition politicians — including Rumin Farhana in a bikini and Nipun Roy in a swimming pool — undermined their campaigns when they emerged ahead of general elections in January this year.

The content seeks to change the perception of the voter, and specifically the voter's psychology, according to Mr Vishnoi.

The greatest challenge in countering unethical deepfakes is confirmation bias, according to Jaskirat Singh Bawa, global head of operations for fact-checking organisation Logically Facts.

"It is very difficult to change the mind of somebody who is willing to believe a lie as long as it furthers their own beliefs," he said.

"Right now we have a very heated election season going on, where a lot of individuals, political entities, parties, as well as, possibly even foreign actors stand to gain from the the discourse becoming very toxic and very contentious."

Mr Bawa said the claims he has come across were usually about attributing malice and anti-national sentiments to members of the opposition party.

But he said all parties spread disinformation.

"When it comes to supporters of any particular political ideology, as long as there's information — however false it may be — that conforms to their biases, they are willingly spread[ing] it," he said.

"It just so happens right now that the power equations are in favour of the ruling dispensation, which automatically leads to more and more people sharing more information that is getting endorsed by, let's say, supporters of the ruling party."

Divyendra Jadoun said there are a few ways to spot a deepfake, including checking the hairline of the person in the photo or video, paying attention to the movement around the eyes, or looking for any strange shadows.

But he said there was no substitute for intuition.

"Our instinct is better than any detection algorithm that is out there," Mr Jadoun said.

"If you look closely, we get to see it's a deepfake. But the issue is that people want to believe what they want to believe," he said.

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