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SZA tour dates 2024 - 2025

SZA is currently touring across 7 countries and has 10 upcoming concerts.

Their next tour date is at Bonnaroo Farms in Manchester, after that they'll be at American Family Insurance Amphitheater - Summerfest Grounds in Milwaukee.

Currently touring across

• 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates

Upcoming concerts (10) See nearest concert

Bonnaroo Music & Arts Festival

American Family Insurance Amphitheater - Summerfest Grounds

Glastonbury Festival

Roskilde Festival

Malahide Castle

Wireless Festival

Wells Fargo Center

Scotiabank Arena

Past concerts

Primavera Sound Porto

We Love Green : Pass Dimanche

We Love Green

View all past concerts

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Recent tour reviews

I saw her last night in San Antonio, TX, it was my daughter first concert, and she did not disappoint. She is amazing live! Well worth the money spent. From the settings to the chorography her team did a fantastic job. The concert kept us on our feet the entire time. I will defiantly go see her again when she returns.

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Truly amazing! Her performance was full of heaps of energy and soul. A beautiful mixture of singing, dancing and a quick preview of her of her acrobatic skills! One of the best musicians to see in concert. Would be darn near impossible to not sway and jump when she's on stage. I've waited so long to see her and she did not disappoint. Really hope to see SZA in London more!!!

Amazing show! Sza sounded amazing! She looked like she was having an awesome time while performing and the crowd loved her. The energy in the venue was hella dope! At one point she instructed security to find any cases of water around to pass out to the people on the floor, saying "get the cases from the tour bus." I thought that was super cool of her.

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Past Events

Here are the most recent UK tour dates we had listed for Sia. Were you there?

August 2016

• Fri 19 Aug ➙ Sun 21 Aug Chelmsford, Hylands Park V Festival 2016 Justin Bieber, Sia, Bastille, Jess Glynne, Halsey…
• Fri 19 Aug ➙ Sun 21 Aug Shifnal, Weston Park V Festival 2016 Rihanna, David Guetta, Little Mix, Years & Years, Example…
• Fri 12 Aug ➙ Sun 14 Aug Flow Festival Helsinki 2016 Massive Attack, Young Fathers, Iggy Pop, Jamie XX, Four Tet…
• Wed 10 Aug ➙ Wed 17 Aug Sziget Festival 2016 The Chemical Brothers, Rihanna, Manu Chao, Muse, David Guetta…
• Tue 7 Jun ➙ Sat 6 Aug Meo Sudoeste Steve Angello, Yellow Claw, Wiz Khalifa, Martin Garrix, Sia…

October 2010

• Wed 6 Oct London, Troxy Sia
• Thu 27 May London, The Roundhouse Sia

October 2008

• Sun 12 Oct Glasgow, Argyle Street Arches Sia, Scott Matthew
• Sat 11 Oct Manchester Academy Sia
• Thu 9 Oct London, O2 Shepherd's Bush Empire Sia
• Wed 8 Oct Brighton, Concorde 2 Sia
• Tue 7 Oct Nottingham, The Rescue Rooms Sia
• Sun 5 Oct Leeds, The Cockpit Sia
• Sat 4 Oct Bristol, Thekla Sia
• Sun 13 Apr Sheffield, Network Sia, Har Mar Superstar
• Sat 12 Apr O2 Academy Oxford Sia, Har Mar Superstar
• Fri 11 Apr O2 Academy Liverpool Sia, Har Mar Superstar
• Wed 9 Apr London, KOKO Sia
• Mon 7 Apr Nottingham, The Rescue Rooms Sia
• Sat 5 Apr Manchester Academy Sia, Har Mar Superstar
• Fri 4 Apr Glasgow, Òran Mór Sia, Har Mar Superstar

December 2007

• Tue 4 Dec London, KCLSU Macadam Sia
• Mon 3 Dec Brighton, The North Laine Brewhouse Sia
• Sun 2 Dec Bristol, Thekla Sia

November 2007

• Thu 29 Nov Glasgow, King Tut's Wah Wah Hut Sia, Half Cousin
• Wed 28 Nov Edinburgh, Cabaret Voltaire Sia, Half Cousin
• Tue 27 Nov Manchester, Night & Day Cafe Sia

September 2007

• Tue 18 Sep London, Bush Hall Sia

• Consequence

Upcoming Sia Festivals Appearances

Upcoming sia concerts near me.

Sia Announces New Album Reasonable Woman, Shares "Gimme Love": Stream

The record is billed as her first solo pop album in eight years.

September 13, 2023

Sia Reveals Autism Diagnosis: "Only in the Last Two Years Have I Become Fully Myself"

The singer received intense criticism for her portrayal of the neurological disorder in her directorial debut, Music.

May 31, 2023

Neneh Cherry Announces Collaborative Album, The Versions, Featuring Robyn, Sia & More

The pioneering Swedish singer also shared Sia's cover of her 1988 single "Manchild."

April 28, 2022

Sean Paul Shares the Origins of New Video for "Dynamite" Featuring Sia: Exclusive

The pop stars celebrate love, dancing, and Afrofuturism in their latest single.

November 5, 2021

Arca Announces New Album KICK ii, Shares "Born Yesterday" Featuring Sia: Stream

The subversive pop artist's follow-up to KiCk i is due out December 3rd.

October 4, 2021

Razzie Awards 2021: Rudy Giuliani, My Pillow Guy, and Sia Among the Big Winners

April 23, 2021

2021 Razzie Nominations: Wonder Woman 1984, Hillbilly Elegy, and Rudy Giuliani Tapped As This Year's Lowlights

Robert Downey, Jr.'s Dolittle, Sia's Music, and the "My Pillow" guy also receive recognition.

March 12, 2021

2021 Golden Globes Predictions: Who Will Win, Who Shouldn't Be There, and Who's Missing

This year's slate of nominees is a heady mix of deserving entries and strange categorizations.

February 25, 2021

Sia's Controversial Movie Music Receives Two Major Golden Globe Nominations

The film has been criticized for its potentially damaging portrayal of autism.

February 3, 2021

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À propos - Sia

Le nouvel album de Sia , “Some People have REAL problems” , nous fait découvrir une artiste unique considérée par les initiés comme l’une des chanteuses/songwriters les plus talentueuses de ces dernières années. Pour ce disque, elle a bénéficié de l’aide d’amis tels que Beck (on le retrouve sur « Academia » ) ou des membres de Turin Brakes qui ont co-écrit certains des titres. “Some People have REAL problems” est produit par Jimmy Hogarth , connu pour son travail avec Corinne Bailey Rae , James Morrison , James Blunt et Amy Winehouse .

Peut-être n’en avez-vous pas conscience, mais il y a de grandes chances pour que vous connaissiez déjà la musique de Sia. Vous avez pu l’entendre chanter sur les albums « Simple Things » , « When It falls » et « The Garden » de Zero 7. Dans le dernier épisode de « Six Feet Under », on retrouvait sa chanson  « Breathe Me » qui accompagnait les cinq dernières minutes de la série. Si vous êtes un aficionados de YouTube, il se peut que vous ayez visionné le clip du titre « Buttons » qui figure sur l’album à venir. Mis à l’honneur par le célèbre blogueur Perez Hilton, ce clip est devenu l’une des vidéos musicales les plus partagées et la deuxième vidéo musicale la plus regardée sur le site. Se hissant dans le Top 10 des vidéos musicales et dans le Top 40 toutes vidéos confondues sur Internet, « Buttons » est devenu un tel phénomène que les internautes mettent à présent en ligne leurs propres versions du clip. Un coup d’œil rapide à YouTube permet de prendre conscience du succès croissant de cette artiste unique : ses clips ont été visionnés par des dizaines voire des centaines de milliers de visiteurs.

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Your independent guide to the best entertainment in 2024! This website is operated by a ticket broker. We are not affiliated with nor endorsed by Sia.

Back With New Music!

Australian pop chanteuse  Sia just released her ninth studio album, Music , her first since her 2017 Christmas album, and we are hoping a supporting tour won't be far behind. While we don't know much beyond that just now, this website will automatically update as soon as we do — which makes it a great resource for fans hoping to score great tickets for her possible forthcoming tour!  Combining dance-ready beats, monster hooks, and whipsmart songwriting talents, Sia is the thinking fan's pop star.  Nobody puts on a show as big, as energetic, or as smart, so make sure you're there to see it live at a venue near you!

Bookmark this site and check it regularly for the latest details about upcoming shows.  But remember: if you want to hear songs like "Chandelier" and "Cheap Thrills" alongside her latest stuff, then you'd better get your Sia 2024 Tickets as soon as they are available!

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NEW DATE ADDED: Paul announces 2024 dates for the 'Got Back' tour

⁠PAUL ANNOUNCES  GOT BACK TOUR 2024 Paul and the band will visit Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and Peru this October TICKET INFORMATION HERE!

Tuesday 1st October - Estadio Centenario, Montevideo, URUGUAY ⁠Saturday 5th October - River Plate Stadium, Bueno Aires, ARGENTINA ⁠*NEW DATE* Sunday 6th October - River Plate Stadium, Bueno Aires, ARGENTINA ⁠Friday 11th October - Estadio Monumental, Santiago, CHILE ⁠Wednesday 23rd October - Mario Alberto Kempes, Córdoba, ARGENTINA ⁠Sunday 27th October - Estadio Nacional, Lima, PERU

SIGN UP TO THE PAULMcCARTNEY.COM MAILING LIST FOR AN EXCLUSIVE PRE-SALE PASSWORD

Paul will bring his acclaimed Got Back Tour to South America later this year!

Fulfilling his promise to 'get back', Paul will return to Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and Peru. His first show of 2024 will take place on 1st October in Montevideo.

With songs like ‘Hey Jude’, ‘Live and Let Die’, ‘Band on the Run’,  ‘Let It Be’ and so many more, the Paul McCartney live experience is everything any music lover could ever want from a rock show: hours of the greatest moments from the last 60 years of music – dozens of songs from Paul’s solo, Wings and of course Beatles catalogues that have formed the soundtracks of our lives.

Paul will return for his first live performance in Montevideo in ten years. He has previously performed in Montevideo twice (2012, 2014) and this will be his third time at Estadio Centenario. This will mark his first live performances in Bueno Aires in five years - in 2019 he played at Campo Argentino de Polo. For fans in Córdoba the wait has been even longer as it has been eight years since Paul visited the city. Paul played his first solo show in Argentina in 1993 and has played eight shows there since. Santiago will see him return after five years - he has previously performed in the city four times, starting in 1993. And lastly, Paul will return to Lima after ten years, and this will mark his third time performing in Peru and his second visit to the Estadio Nacional.

Paul launched his Got Back tour in 2022, completing 16 huge shows across the US before performing what the British Times newspaper described as the “ best gig ever ” with his history-making set at Glastonbury in June 2022. In 2023 Paul performed 18 incredible shows as the Got Back tour rocked through Australia, Mexico and Brazil.

PRE-SALE AND GENERAL SALE TIMINGS ARE STAGGERED BY SHOW

Tuesday 1st October - Estadio Centenario, Montevideo, URUGUAY ⁠ PaulMcCartney.com pre-sale: Monday 10 June 2PM UYT / 6PM BST ⁠General sale: Monday 17 June 12.01PM UYT / 4.O1PM BST ⁠ ⁠Saturday 5th October - River Plate Stadium, Bueno Aires, ARGENTINA ⁠ Sunday 6th October - River Plate Stadium, Bueno Aires, ARGENTINA ⁠⁠ PaulMcCartney.com pre-sale: Tuesday 11 June 10AM ART / 2PM BST ⁠⁠General sale: Wednesday 12 June 12pm ART / 4PM BST ⁠ ⁠Friday 11th October - Estadio Monumental, Santiago, CHILE ⁠⁠⁠ PaulMcCartney.com pre-sale: Monday 17 June 11AM CLT / 4PM BST ⁠⁠General sale: Friday 21 June 11.01AM CLT / 4.01PM BST ⁠ ⁠Wednesday 23rd October - Mario Alberto Kempes, Córdoba, ARGENTINA ⁠⁠⁠ PaulMcCartney.com pre-sale: Tuesday 11 June 10AM ART / 2PM BST ⁠⁠General sale: Wednesday 12 June 12pm ART / 4PM BST ⁠ ⁠Sunday 27th October - Estadio Nacional, Lima, PERU ⁠⁠⁠ PaulMcCartney.com pre-sale: Friday 14 June 10AM PET / 4PM BST ⁠⁠General sale: Sunday 16 June 10AM PET / 4PM BST ⁠ ⁠ ⁠Visit the Got Back 2024 tour page for more information and ticket links , and keep an eye out for more news coming soon...

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NEW DATE ADDED: Paul announces Australian dates for the 'Got Back' tour

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Europe Travel Guide

Last Updated: April 18, 2024

From beautiful Paris to smoke-filled coffeeshops in Amsterdam, Oktoberfest to La Tomatina, Europe is a massive, diverse continent with an unlimited assortment of things to see and do. You won’t have any problem filling your time, whether you’re backpacking Europe for a few months on a budget or just spending a few weeks there on a well-earned vacation.

The continent boasts wonderful beaches, historical architecture, amazing wine, and tons of world-class festivals. Every country is incredibly different from the next too, providing limitless variety in what you do during your trip.

I first backpacked Europe in 2006 and was hooked immediately. I’ve been visiting every year since, have run tours around the continent, and even wrote a book on traveling in Europe . It’s a destination I love and never get tired of exploring.

This guide will give you an overview of Europe and the tips and tricks you need to start planning your trip. I’ve also written extensive travel guides to each country on the continent (linked below in this post) so you can get more in-depth information for your specific itinerary too!

Table of Contents

• Things to See and Do
• Typical Costs
• Suggested Budget
• Money-Saving Tips
• Where to Stay
• How to Get Around
• How to Stay Safe
• Best Places to Book Your Trip
• Related Blogs on Europe

Click Here for Country Guides

Top 5 things to see and do in europe.

1. Tour the Greek Islands

These islands are the mecca of summer beach fun and each is unique in its own great way. There’s Ios (beach party central with archeological ruins and awesome boat tours); Kos (ancient ruins and nature); Crete (Bronze Age ruins of Knossos, hiking, beaches, and wine), Santorini (iconic blue water, white buildings, and local wineries); Mykonos , (the upscale party island with beautiful beaches, villages, and sunsets), Naxos (best island in the Cyclades). Plus, Milos, Corfu, Lemnos, Zakynthos, and so many more! With hundreds of islands in the country, you can always find what you are looking for!

2. Ride the rails

Europe is famous for its international rail system. Rail passes like the Eurail Pass have been around forever and still make it very easy to get from country to country on a relatively small budget (and with lots of flexibility). Europe has some of the fastest trains in the world that travel up to an incredible 217 mph (350 kph). The whole continent is connected by trains and there’s a growing push for even more connections and long-distance, high-speed trains in order to reduce flying and help combat climate change. There’s nothing more quintessential than riding the trains in Europe and I encourage you to take as many trains as possible. It’s one of the best ways to see the continent.

3. Get lost in Paris

The “City of Lights” is everything people say it is. I fell in love with it the first time I stepped foot in Paris . The city is just magical. You have a ton of museums, cafes, jazz clubs, famous art, and beautiful architecture. I love just strolling around the streets of the Quartier Latin (Latin Quarter) or Montmartre neighborhood as it makes for a breathtaking day. Another one of my favorite things to do here is just sit in the Jardin des Champs-Élysées park and picnic like the Parisians. For something a bit different, check out the famous Catacombs and Paris Sewer Museum. With so much to offer in the way of culture, history, and gastronomy, it would take years to see everything here but you can still get a good feel of the city in a few days.

4. Go city hopping

There are so many amazing cities in Europe that we’d need a top 100 to list them all. Here are some of my personal favorites and must-see cities: London is rich in history, culture, and the famous Big Ben clock; Edinburgh is a vibrant medieval city with cozy pubs and a famous castle with a huge New Year’s Eve Party; Amsterdam has cozy coffee shops and canopied tree-covered canals; Berlin has a wild party scene, street art, and the Berlin Wall; Barcelona has tapas, beach, and unique Gaudi architecture; coastal Lisbon has colorful tiles, old tramcars, cobblestone streets and plenty of fresh seafood; Prague has a beautiful intact Old Town, incredible architecture and eclectic bars; Tallinn Estonia has beautiful medieval buildings with colorful roofs. Florence  is a mecca for Italian Renaissance architecture, art history, and gelato; Stockholm mixes medieval architecture and modern art and design. Crisscross the continent, take in the culture, and enjoy all the historic cities!

5. Hit the Alps

Whether you go skiing in the winter or hiking in the summer, the Alps hold some of the most breathtaking views in all the world. You don’t even need to be an expert hiker because there are mountain trails for all levels and crystal-clear Alpine lakes. Check out the spectacular Eibsee trail loop in Bavaria at the foot of Die Zugspitze, Germany’s tallest mountain, for the clearest, multi-colored, sparkling lake you’ve ever seen. Or the Männlichen Kleine Scheidegg Panorama trail in Switzerland’s stunning green and snow-capped Alps. Or visit Italy’s Dolomites in South Tyrol for the scenic Seceda trail. The Alps have trails for every fitness level and in every season.

Other Things to See and Do in Europe

1. tour amsterdam.

I love Amsterdam so much that I lived here for a short period of time in 2006. Here cobblestone and brick streets weave around lovely canals as people ride their bikes to and fro. My favorite things to enjoy here are Amsterdam’s vibrant art and music scene and there are also a ton of interesting museums here like the Anne Frank House, FOAM, the history museum, and the hemp museum. Be sure you get out of the center into Jordaan and Oost with their wonderful outdoor cafes and fewer tourists. Also, a visit to Amsterdam wouldn’t be complete without a canal cruise to visit the many islands and there are many to choose from that include snacks and drinks, sunset cruises, live guided tours, and more.

2. Hang out in Barcelona

Barcelona is a city that goes 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It truly could give NYC a run for the “city that never sleeps” title. Be prepared for late-night dinners and parties until dawn. Besides a great food and nightlife scene, there is a wonderful beach, tons of Gaudi architecture (including the fairytale-like Parc Güell, as well as the iconic Sagrada Familia , which has been under construction for over 100 years!), incredible food tours, one of the best history museums in the country, and lots of outdoor spaces. What I love about Barcelona is that when you’re ready to chill, you can wander around Parc de la Ciutadella and marvel at the majestic fountains, plant life, and buildings created from an ornate military fortress.

3. Visit Berlin

Hip and trendy Berlin is an energetic destination. It is one of Europe’s most affordable capital cities, with a vibrant music and art scene and a growing foodie movement. Be sure to spend some time learning about the city’s darker history via the many excellent museums, memorials, and landmarks. The East Side Gallery, a section of the Berlin Wall that’s now painted with murals, and the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe are two especially powerful reminders of Germany’s past. For all periods of German history, don’t miss the Deutsches Historisches Museum (German Historical Museum) – it’s one of the best history museums in the world. Once you’ve had your fill of history, relax in Berlin’s many green spaces, from Tempelhof Field, the site of a former airfield and popular local hangout spot, to Tiergarten, a tree-covered former hunting ground for 17th-century aristocrats.

4. Drink beer at Oktoberfest

Oktoberfest is a must for anyone going to Germany at the end of September. While not a budget option since beers now cost 15 € a maß, I love the energy and friendly camaraderie this event inspires. For two weeks, millions of people from all over the world gather for lots of beer, excitement, music, and wild fun. Watching thousands of people sing together, raising quart-sized beer mugs for endless toasts, and enjoying the general party atmosphere makes you feel good about the world. (Or maybe that’s just the beer?) Just be sure to book your accommodation well in advance and be prepared to pay top prices for them. If you don’t have an outfit, don’t worry, there are plenty of shops even at the main train station where you can buy a Bavarian dirndl dress and men’s lederhosen.

5. Experience London

Get a taste of English culture in diverse London . The museums here are some of the best in the world (most are free) and include the Tate, the British Museum, the City Museum, the National Gallery, the Historical Museum. There’s no shortage of iconic sights here as well, with Big Ben, the House of Parliament, the London Eye, the Tower of London, Tower Bridge, and of course, Buckingham Palace. I love London’s diversity because of the countless international eateries with great food and wonderful pub culture, perfect for after a long day seeing the sights. Head to Brick Lane on the weekends for some amazing food and craft markets. I prefer Paris to London, but there is something sophisticated and fun about London. Just watch those pints — London is not a cheap destination!

6. Get outdoors in Scandinavia

My favorite region in Europe is Scandinavia. The quality of life here is high, the people are beautiful and friendly, and the cities are clean and historic. Cycling the cities, taking canal tours, hiking the vast forested areas, archipelago hopping, enjoying fika (a Swedish coffee break), and warming up in saunas are just a few of the popular activities that await you here. True, this area of Europe is not cheap, but there are plenty of ways to reduce your expenses. Don’t let the high prices scare you away. Highlights for me include Copenhagen , Stockholm , Gotland, Norway’s fjords, and Lapland in Finland .

7. Get enchanted in Prague

Prague has an amazing history and is one of the most beautiful and picturesque cities I’ve ever seen. Highlights include the 9th-century Prague Castle, the magnificent Charles Bridge (built in the 14th century and one of the oldest standing bridges in the world), the 10th-century old square with its iconic astronomical clock, and the winding Jewish Quarter. Even if you only have a few days there don’t miss the free walking tour which is one of my favorites in Europe and the best way to learn about the Old Town and the tragic history of the city that went from thriving Bohemian capital of art, music, and literature to part of the Iron Curtain after WWII. Some of my favorite gems here include the fantastic black light theater shows in 4D and the one-of-a-kind medieval dinner show in an old tavern complete with musicians and jugglers not to mention hearty food and drinks. During the weekends it heaves with people enjoying the bars, cheap beer, and delicious food so try to visit during the week (and in the spring or fall) to beat the crowds.

8. Relax on the French Riviera

Here, you can pretend to live the high life for a little bit. Have fun in the sun, relax on the beach, swim in azure blue water, hobnob with the rich and famous, and sail on (or gaze at) gigantic yachts. As for cities, Nice is nice with its palm-tree-lined promenade, old town, and many art museums. If you want to go see how the rich and famous live, spend an afternoon checking out Cannes to soak up some glamorous vibes on La Croisette where they hold the famous Cannes Film Festival. The kingdom of Monaco with its tiny streets, beautiful buildings, and world-famous casino is just a skip away too.

9. Enjoy the great outdoors in Interlaken

Located in the beautiful mountains of Switzerland, Interlaken is a gorgeous place to unwind with fantastic hiking, delicious hot chocolate, and plenty of outdoor sports. The area is full of natural attractions to explore, including the St. Beatus Caves (complete with a legendary dragon), the cascading 500-meter-high (1,640 feet) Giessbach Waterfalls, the Jungfraujoch mountain railway (which leads to the highest train station on the continent), and a plethora of lakes (hence the town’s name). It’s a good alternative to all the cities and museums. Interlaken is also a popular party destination for backpackers and other young travelers. By far, my favorite scenic and visually stunning trail was the Oberberghorn panoramic hike, where you can wander the green mountain ridge ogling the amazing views and the turquoise-blue Brienzersee.

10. Experience history in Rome

In this thriving historical city, you can’t walk two feet without stumbling over a ruin, making Rome a history buff’s dream. Its tiny streets are perfect for wandering as you explore the Colosseum, see the Forum and Palatine Hill, visit the Pantheon, spend time in Vatican City, admire the Spanish Steps, and toss coins into the famous Trevi Fountain. The skip-the-line tickets can definitely be worth it so you don’t waste time waiting outside attractions. Rome also has amazing food (it’s Italy, after all) and nightlife. Visit the Trastevere area for a taste of “local” Rome and chill bars. It’s my favorite area in the city because you feel like you’re in a small village in the middle of a big city.

11. Hike around the Cinque Terre

Cinque Terre is my favorite part of Italy. These five beautiful cliffside towns are perched near warm waters and beautiful olive and grape groves. There are wondrous and strenuous hikes in these hills; for a real challenge, take trail #8. Or just walk the coastline for something less difficult. Many activities here revolve around the coastline: kayaking, swimming, having a beach picnic or visiting the Technical Naval Museum. If you happen to be here in December or January, don’t miss the Nativity Manarola, the world’s biggest lighted nativity scene.

12. Tour Krakow

Krakow looks like it stepped out of a medieval postcard. It’s a hip, trendy, and youthful city that’s the center of education in Poland, meaning there are a lot of university students here. Most travelers come to party here (the vodka is cheap) but try to enjoy the city’s history and food besides just the bars. Walk the Royal Road through the Old Town to the 13th-century Wawel Castle, tour Schindler’s Factory (where Schindler saved over 1,200 Jews during World War II), and visit the sobering Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. You can also take a fascinating day trip to the UNESCO World Heritage Wieliczka Salt Mine, a 13th-century mine with cavernous chambers, statues, chapels, chandeliers, and cathedrals all carved out of salt.

13. Visit the ruin bars in Budapest

The coolest nightlife in all of Europe is found in Budapest . Built in abandoned buildings, ruin bars feature funky art installations, repurposed furniture, and quirky decor. They are amazing, fun, and great places to meet locals, as people of all ages flock here. Open since 2001, Szimpla Kert is the original ruin bar and one of my favorites, along with Instant-Fogas Complex, which takes up an entire building and is actually many different bars in one. Don’t skip the ruin bars — they’re one of the most unique things about the city!

14. Explore Cornwall

The best part of England is outside London, yet unfortunately, not a lot of travelers leave London. Head west to the area of Cornwall for cheaper prices, welcoming locals, natural beauty, great hiking, rolling hills, plenty of medieval castles, and picturesque small towns. If you like biking, the Camel Trail from Bodmin to Padstow is worth the trip and you even pass by a local vineyard. It’s an easy way to spend a day (and it’s pretty flat so it’s not too hard to do.) Plus, I had the best fish and chips in Cornwall! Overall, it’s what you think of as “traditional England.”

15. Walk the Camino

El Camino de Santiago (The Way of Saint James) is an ancient pilgrimage route that stretches from France all the way across northern Spain. It is a 500 mile (800 km) trail that winds through incredible terrain, ending in Santiago de Compostela at the cathedral where St. James is supposedly buried. As a pilgrim, you get a “pilgrim’s passport” which allows you to stay in affordable pilgrim-only hostels, making this a surprisingly budget-friendly adventure. While it usually takes over a month to complete, you can just walk a section if you don’t have the time. To receive a “Compostela” (certificate of completion), you just need to walk the last 62 miles (100 km), which generally takes 4-5 days.

16. Throw tomatoes during La Tomatina

By far my favorite festival, the largest food fight in the world happens during the last Wednesday of August in Bunol, Spain. What started in 1945 as a local brawl has turned into a massive event drawing tens of thousands of people from all over the world. For about an hour, everyone throws tomatoes at each other, leaving streets ankle-deep in tomato juice. Afterward, everyone walks down to the river, cleans off, and then heads to the town square for sangria and music.

17. Find Dracula in Romania

Not a lot of people visit Romania but this underrated country in Eastern Europe has undiscovered yet picturesque medieval towns like Brasov (home to “Dracula’s castle”), Sighisoara, and Sibiu; gorgeous beaches on the Black Sea; and incredible hiking in the Fagaras Mountains — all at dirt-cheap prices. Other major sights include frescoed Byzantine monasteries, the steepled wooden churches of Transylvania, the hip university town Cluj-Napoca, the post-communist capital of Bucharest, and the Danube Delta, a huge nature reserve.

18. Drink whisky in Islay

Whisky has a long history on Islay , an island off Scotland’s west coast. It’s been made there since the 16th-century — first in backyards and then, starting in the 19th-century, in large distilleries. Over the years, whisky from the island came to be considered a specialty and was used to flavor a lot of other blends on the mainland. There are currently nine working distilleries on the island, all located along the island’s shores, with Laphroaig, Ardbeg, and Lagavulin being the most famous. Most distilleries here make single-malt Scotch, meaning that only one type of grain (barley) is used. My visit here was amazing and, even if you don’t like whisky, there are tons of good hikes and walks throughout this magnificent island.

19. Explore Iceland

Iceland is a magical country with majestic waterfalls, hidden hot springs around every corner, and sweeping vistas unlike anywhere else in the world. After my first visit, the country quickly became one of my favorite countries. With whale watching in the summer, the northern lights in the winter, and geothermal baths for soaking in year-round, there really is no bad time to visit! While Iceland’s main draw is the epic natural landscapes, it’s worth spending a couple of days in Reykjavik with its café culture, artsy feel, and brightly colored wooden row houses.

20. Sail the Croatian coast

With calm winds, short distances, a coastline littered with over 1,000 islands, and countless historical sites, Croatia is one of the world’s best sailing destinations. If you can, go during the shoulder season when you can find some great deals. Plan to stay at least a couple of days on one of the islands, with the most popular being Brac, Hvar, Krk, Cres, and Lošinj. However, don’t be afraid to get off the beaten path and explore some of the lesser-known islands such as Silba, Vis, and Lastovo. If you want to splash out and spend a week partying on a yacht, check out The Yacht Week, which hosts week-long parties, complete with DJs, from May-September. You can book a full boat to share with friends or just a cabin if you’re traveling solo. Prices start at 5,250 HRK per person and go up to 9,300 HRK.

21. Explore the Balkans

While the Balkans have become more popular with backpackers in recent years, it’s still largely overlooked by most budget travelers, despite being an extremely budget-friendly region. The Balkan peninsula is home to great (and again, overlooked) wine, beautiful medieval towns like Kotor and Mostar, stunning mountainous landscapes, beautiful pebble beaches, coffee culture, fresh, hearty yet inexpensive food, and museums covering the area’s history, including the most recent turbulent events of the early 1990s. I especially loved my time in Albania . Don’t miss the beautiful beaches in Ksamil, nicknamed the “Maldives of Europe’ as well as the mountain village of Gjirokastër, which was occupied by Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans. The Balkans have so much to offer for every budget and every country has its unique cultural flavor.

22. Take a wine tour in the Loire Valley

Located in central France, the picturesque Loire Valley is a UNESCO World Heritage site and stretches 280 kilometers (174 miles) along the Loire River. One of the major wine-producing regions of France, the area is home to some of the best wines in the world, with over 1,000 vineyards open to the public. Even those who don’t drink wine will enjoy the beautiful small towns, great food, and the region’s over 300 impressive chateaux. I loved the medieval Chenonceau Castle and Chateau Villandry and the small villages like Saint-Florent-le-Vieil. Spring and Autumn are my favorite times to visit because you can go biking and do outdoor activities when it’s not too hot and there are fewer people. It’s an area not to be missed.

23. See Fado in Portugal

Fado is an important musical tradition in Portugal , originating in Lisbon and stretching back some 200 years. The word “fado” likely stems from the Latin word for fate, and it’s very haunting, poetic, and emotional music. Most of the songs follow themes of loss and mourning, and the music was popular with the working class (especially sailors). Performances normally take place in restaurants during dinner. In Lisbon, head to Clube de Fado, Tasca do Chico, Parreirinha de Alfama, or Senhor Vinho.

24. Tour green Slovenia

Slovenia is one of Europe’s least-visited destinations, which is mind-blowing to me because it’s an amazing place to visit. Slovenia offers all the beauty of Western Europe but at a fraction of the cost and with a fraction of the crowds. Perfect for outdoor adventure lovers, Slovenia offers rugged mountains, untouched landscapes, fantastic ski resorts, plentiful wine, sprawling cave systems, incredible food, and postcard-perfect lakes, such as the famous Lake Bled with its castle on an island. I loved Piran, Slovenia’s often overlooked coastal Venetian-style harbor town that was actually founded 3000 years ago. Stroll around its beautiful windy cobble-stoned streets, beautiful plazas, and take advantage of the many affordable restaurants right on the water. Make sure to also spend a few days in the country’s capital, Ljubljana, known as one of the continent’s greenest and most livable cities. Take a river cruise to see the city and enjoy the friendliness of the locals.

  For more information on specific countries in Europe, check out the guides below:

• Albania Travel Guide
• Austria Travel Guide
• Belgium Travel Guide
• Belarus Travel Guide
• Bosnia & Herzegovina Travel Guide
• Bulgaria Travel Guide
• Czechia Travel Guide
• Croatia Travel Guide
• Denmark Travel Guide
• England Travel Guide
• Estonia Travel Guide
• Finland Travel Guide
• France Travel Guide
• Germany Travel Guide
• Greece Travel Guide
• Hungary Travel Guide
• Iceland Travel Guide
• Ireland Travel Guide
• Italy Travel Guide
• Latvia Travel Guide
• Lithuania Travel Guide
• Malta Travel Guide
• Moldova Travel Guide
• Montenegro Travel Guide
• Netherlands Travel Guide
• Norway Travel Guide
• Portugal Travel Guide
• Poland Travel Guide
• Romania Travel Guide
• Scotland Travel Guide
• Slovakia Travel Guide
• Slovenia Travel Guide
• Spain Travel Guide
• Sweden Travel Guide
• Switzerland Travel Guide
• Ukraine Travel Guide

Europe Travel Costs

Accommodation – Accommodation prices vary greatly by region. In Western Europe, hostel dorm rooms cost between 25-45 EUR per night, depending on the room’s size and the popularity of the hostel. I stayed in a 6-bed dorm in Berlin for 20 EUR, while the same one would have cost me around 45 EUR in Paris. A room in Paris costs on the higher end and a room in cheaper Athens costs on the lower end.

In Eastern Europe, hostel dorm rooms cost between 10-15 EUR per night depending on the size of the dorm room and the popularity of the hostel. The further east you go, the cheaper it gets. Expect to pay around 30-60 EUR per night for a private room that sleeps two.

In Scandinavia, hostel dorm beds cost around 25-45 EUR, while private rooms are 65-80 EUR. Budget hotels start around 85 EUR.

Most accommodations offer free linens, free Wi-Fi, and a lot offer free breakfast, but it’s important to check specific websites for exact amenities.

Campsites cost between 10-15 EUR per night for a basic plot for two without electricity.

Food – Food traditions in Europe run deep, stretching back centuries to become integral parts of each country’s culture. From baguettes in France to tapas in Spain, from hearty Eastern European stews and goulash to the fresh vegetables and olive oils of the Mediterranean, European cuisine varies as much as the countries themselves. Food prices differ greatly across the continent, so check individual country guides for specifics.

But no matter where you are, even in the more expensive countries, finding places to eat within your budget is easier than you might think. Throughout Western Europe, you can find small shops, street food stalls, or food trucks where you can get sandwiches, gyros, kebabs, slices of pizza, or sausages for between 3-7 EUR. These shops are most often found in train stations, bus stations, and main pedestrian areas, and offer cheap food alternatives that can have you eating on 12-17 EUR per day. Fast food (think McDonald’s) costs around 7-10 EUR for a combo meal.

Turkish, Middle Eastern, and Vietnamese eateries abound in Germany, while Indian food is incredible and everywhere in the United Kingdom. Meals at these restaurants usually cost between 8-12 EUR.

Restaurant meals in casual, traditional eateries generally cost around 13-25 EUR for a main dish and drink. Food is much cheaper in the east than in the west, and in the west, northern regions like Scandinavia and the UK are more expensive than southern countries like Spain, Portugal, and Italy.

In Eastern Europe, even if you are eating out for all your meals, you can still get by on a food budget of as little as 15 EUR per day.

For drinks, a pint of beer is 2-5 EUR, a glass of wine is 2-7 EUR, a cappuccino is 2-5 EUR, and cocktails range from 6-14 EUR.

If you eat out, do so at lunch and get the prix-fixe menu (two-course or three-course set menu). Restaurants offer this set menu during lunch, and with prices between 10-20 EUR, it’s a way better deal than the regular dinner menu. You can also get affordable lunches at outdoor markets. So many European cities have huge fresh food markets throughout town.

You can cook your own food for around 45-65 EUR per week. This gets you basic staples like rice, pasta, seasonal produce, bread, and some meat. You can save money by shopping at discount supermarkets like Profi, Lidl, Aldi, and Penny Market.

If you want to save big money on meals, head to one of the markets, pick up some cheese, wine, bread, meats, or anything else, and go to the park for a picnic. (Or grab a sandwich for later!) You’ll find the locals doing the same thing, and it’s one of the cheaper ways to get a true taste of local food.

Backpacking Europe Suggested Budgets

Prices for travel in Europe vary greatly depending on how far north, east, south, or west you travel. If you stick to the budget accommodations, food, and tours listed here and use all my tips on saving money, you need about 65-110 EUR per day in Western Europe, 40-50 EUR in Eastern Europe, and about 85-130 EUR in Scandinavia.

Those numbers reflect a traveler who stays in hostels, cooks some meals and eats out cheaply, enjoys a few drinks, and sticks to free and cheap activities like hiking, walking tours, and enjoying nature. This is your typical backpacker budget. You aren’t going to have a fancy time, but you aren’t going to want for anything either.

However, by getting tourist cards and rail passes, avoiding flights, occasionally Couchsurfing or camping, cooking all your meals, and not drinking, you can travel a lot cheaper. On this budget, you could do Western Europe on 35-45 EUR per day, Eastern Europe on 20-25 EUR, and Scandinavia on 50-65 EUR. That would require you to take a train or a bus or hitchhike everywhere, skip most museums, and limit how often you go out.

Generally, the suggested daily budget for Europe is 80-120 EUR. You can use the chart below to get an idea of how much you need to budget daily. Keep in mind these are daily averages – some days you’ll spend more, some days you’ll spend less (you might spend less every day). We just want to give you a general idea of how to make your budget. Prices are in EUR.

Europe Travel Guide: Money-Saving Tips

Individual country guides have more specific information on how to save money in them but here are some general tips on cutting your costs while you explore Europe:

• Picnic – This continent has a lot of little shops where you can buy pre-made sandwiches or ingredients to make your own. Many supermarkets have delis as well where you can get food to go. Buy some food, eat outside, and watch the city and its people go by. It’s a much more enjoyable and cheaper way to eat.
• Eat local and cheap – Not into picnicking? Eat at local sandwich shops, pizza parlors, Maoz, Wok to Walks, and outdoor street vendors. Avoiding restaurants and eating at a lot of the local “grab n’ go” places gives you a taste of the local cuisine at a much cheaper price. If you’re really on a budget, use your creative cooking skills to prepare meals at the hostel as well.
• Stay with a local – Hostels can add up really quickly. If you don’t have any friends with whom you can stay, consider using Couchsurfing , which connects you with locals who let you stay with them for free. Plus, they tend to also have meetups to meet other locals and travelers. It’s a great way to save on accommodation and meet a local who can share their insider tips and advice.
• Camp in a garden – A very good camping service specific to Europe is Campspace , which allows you to pitch a tent in someone’s backyard for free or for a small fee (around 10-20 EUR). All of the garden owners have profiles that tell you what services and facilities they offer. Also, many countries allow wild camping (like Sweden), which can save you a fortune if you have a tent.
• Take the bus – Budget bus companies like Flixbus can take you across the continent for cheap. I personally feel it’s best for day travel as sitting up for an overnight bus isn’t really ideal for sleeping. It isn’t glamorous, but with tickets starting at 5 EUR, you really can’t complain!
• Get a Rail Pass – Eurail Passes have saved me hundreds of dollars. If you are traveling far distances and through many countries, they are a great deal.
• Take the free city tours – One of the great things about Europe is that you can find free walking tours in all the major cities. They can be a great way to see the city attractions, take in some history, and learn your bearings without spending any money. Just make sure to tip your guide at the end!
• Plan accordingly – Plan your trip around Europe so you avoid doubling back. Transportation is a big expense so proper planning can save you a lot of money (and time). Go in a straight line or a loop. Booking your accommodation ahead helps you save as well since cheap, good places unsurprisingly get reserved first. One thing I’ve learned is that waiting until the last minute means you get stuck with expensive places or cheap places no one wants.
• Fly cheap – If you know where you are going and a train won’t do, try to book flights early. You can often get round trip fares for as little as 5 EUR from many of the European discount airlines like Ryanair or Wizz. Many capital cities have smaller airports farther from the city with ‘inconvenient’ times but cheaper fares. Keep in mind you might need to factor in an early morning Uber or taxi if the busses aren’t running and you have an early flight!
• Drink less – Those 5 EUR beers add up. Hit happy hours or pick and choose when you party. Hostel bars are a good place to get cheap drinks or buy your alcohol at the supermarket. Plus, in Europe, it’s legal to drink outside in parks, plazas, by the lakes or rivers. You’ll find you can save a lot of money by not going to bars and clubs. Partying your way across the continent will destroy your bank balance in no time.
• Get a city tourist card – Many local tourism offices sell a tourism card for all their attractions, tours, and restaurants. This card gives you free entry and substantial discounts on all the attractions and tours in a city, free local public transportation (a huge plus), and discounts at a few restaurants and shopping malls. They save a ton of money. If you plan on doing a lot of sightseeing, get one of these cards.
• Rideshare – If you’re flexible in your schedule, use the ridesharing service BlaBlaCar to catch rides with locals between cities (or countries) by paying a small fee. It’s like Airbnb but for rides. I used this service in Switzerland and, not only did I save a lot of money, but I got to meet interesting people and learn about local culture and life. Drivers are verified and it’s perfectly safe, though sometimes rides cancel at the last minute (which is why you need to be flexible). Check their ratings first and try to use rides where the person has done many trips.
• Bring a water bottle – The tap water is safe to drink in most of Europe, so bring a reusable water bottle to save money and reduce your plastic use. LifeStraw is my go-to brand as their bottles have built-in filters to ensure your water is always clean and safe.
• Get a HostelPass – HostelPass is a discount membership for hostels in Europe. Members get 10-20% off select hostels around Europe, as well as perks like free breakfast or free drinks. There are discounts on tours and activities too. It’s a great way to save money if you’re bouncing around Europe as they have hostels in 18 countries around the continent.

Where to Stay in Europe

Europe has a ton of budget accommodation options. The individual country and city guides have tons of recommendations but here’s a short list of some of my favorite budget hostels and hotels around Europe:

• The Flying Pig (Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
• Hotel 54 (Barcelona, Spain)
• Generator Hostel (Copenhagen, Denmark)
• Harcourt Hotel (Dublin, Ireland)
• Castle Rock (Edinburgh, Scotland)
• Ios Palm Pansion (Ios, Greece)
• Greg and Tom’s Party Hostel (Krakow, Poland)
• Largo da Sé Guest House (Lisbon, Portugal)
• Sophie’s Hostel (Prague, Czech Republic)
• The Yellow (Rome, Italy)
• City Backpackers (Stockholm, Sweden)

How to Get Around Europe

Public transportation – Transportation around most European cities is by tram, subway, or bus. Prices are typically around 2 EUR for a one-way ticket in Western Europe and closer to 1 EUR in Eastern Europe. Most large cities also have day passes available that offer unlimited public transportation. These passes are usually 5-12 EUR per day.

In large cities with international airports, there is usually a bus or train available that ferries travelers from the downtown core to the airport. Expect to pay around 5-15 EUR to get to/from the airport.

Bus – Buses are not quite as comfortable as Europe’s trains, although certain lines do have great amenities (like roomy seats and Wi-Fi). While buses are not the most efficient way to travel around the continent, they’re certainly dependable, reliable, and cheap. You can find last-minute rides for as little as 5 EUR. A route from Berlin to Munich is about 25 EUR, while Paris to Bordeaux can be as low as 10 EUR. Longer routes, like Amsterdam to Copenhagen, start at around 47 EUR.

Each country has its own national bus service, but some lines also take you long distances internationally. Megabus and Flixbus (which now owns Eurolines) are the most popular companies.

Train – Train travel is a great way to see Europe. Intercity train prices vary wildly from country to country, depending on whether you take the slow train or a high-speed train and how far in advance you book. For example, a high-speed train from Berlin to Munich costs around 38-60 EUR, Bordeaux to Paris is about 50-85 EUR, and Madrid to Barcelona ranges from 45-85 EUR. Non-high-speed trains and other intercity lines are a lot cheaper, generally costing about 40-50% of the price of high-speed trains. Eastern Europe inter-country trains usually cost between 45-100 EUR when the ticket is booked last minute. Short train rides of 2-3 hours within countries cost about 27 EUR.

To find routes and prices for trains around Europe, use Trainline .

You may also want to consider getting a Eurail Pass , which allows travelers to explore Europe by providing a set number of stops in a specific time period. These passes are continent-wide, country-specific, or regional. It can potentially save you hundreds of dollars.

Ridesharing/Car sharing – If your schedule is flexible, use a ridesharing service and catch rides with locals between cities (or countries). Drivers are verified and it’s perfectly safe. BlaBlaCar is the most popular.

If you’d rather rent a car yourself and find passengers to share a ride with, use Discover Cars to find the best car rental prices.

Flying – Budget airlines are so prolific that competition helps keep fares low. You can often find tickets where the fare is just 5 EUR round-trip! Companies like EasyJet, Ryanair, Wizz, and Vueling offer mind-blowingly cheap flights throughout Europe. Book at least a month early to scoop up great deals.

Make sure that the airport they fly into isn’t too far out of your way (transportation from the secondary airport sometimes negates the savings from using the budget airline itself).

Keep in mind that you’ll have to pay to check your baggage on these cheap flights. It costs about 25-39 EUR for one checked bag. If you wait to pay for your luggage at the gate, you end up paying almost double. Travel carry-on only to avoid this added cost.

Hitchhiking – Hitchhiking in Europe is very safe, but it’s not for everyone. Hitching is quite common around the continent and I’ve met a number of travelers who have done it (I, myself, traveled this way in Bulgaria and Iceland). Some countries are very supportive (Romania, Iceland, Germany) while others may be a bit more time-consuming (Italy, Spain). HitchWiki is the best website for hitchhiking info.

Here are my suggested articles for how to get around Europe:

• 7 Cheap Ways to Travel Across Europe
• Are Eurail Passes a Giant Scam or Do They Save You Money?
• The Ultimate Guide to Finding Cheap Flights

When to Go to Europe

There’s no wrong time to visit Europe. Peak season is summer, when Europe gets crowded and August is the time most European families are at the beach so everything becomes more crowded and expensive. But the overall atmosphere and weather are great during this time, so it’s still worth visiting during peak season (just book your accommodation in advance — especially in August). Keep in mind it’s much hotter in summer so if you like AC, be sure to check that your hostel or hotel has it before you book. You can expect the most crowds in Western Europe. For this reason, I feel summer is a great time to visit the Balkans and the Baltics because many people head to the beaches in Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, and Greece.

Shoulder season is spring and fall (April-May and September-October). It’s still warm during this time but there aren’t as many crowds and prices are cheaper. This is my favorite time to visit hotspot places like Spain, Croatia and Greece, where it’s still hot enough to swim in the sea but you have way more room on the beach. It’s also a good time to go hiking in the Alps in Germany, northern Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland because it’s cooler during the day so you’re much less sweaty on the mountain without shade. The weather is good, the crowds are smaller, and the prices lower.

Winter is from November to February but in much of Central Europe, it’s wet and cold until March or April. It gets cold, even as far south as it gets (like Greece). On the other hand, the Christmas season has Christmas markets and festivals galore! Even if it’s cold, this is a cultural tradition you can’t miss and why I love Europe in December. There is hot mulled wine, sweets, and plenty of hot snacks, which vary by country. One of my favorites is Prague because the Old Town Square is lit up with a gigantic tree with aromas of crispy cinnamon pastries and mulled wine. Berlin takes their Christmas markets very seriously, so there are around 80 different markets with special themes.

Winter is fantastic in Europe for skiing and snowboarding but it doesn’t have to break the bank if you plan carefully. While Switzerland and France are probably the most famous, they are also expensive, but there are plenty of budget winter options.

How to Stay Safe in Europe

Europe is very safe for backpacking and solo traveling, even if you’re traveling solo, and even as a solo female traveler. Violent crimes against tourists are very rare. In fact, some of the safest countries in the world are in Europe. (I wrote a whole article about how Europe is safe to visit right now .)

That said, there are scams and petty crimes you should watch out for, especially around popular tourist landmarks. The most important thing to be aware of is pickpockets in crowds and on public transportation. Zip your bags and don’t put your mobile phone in a jacket pocket where someone could quickly take it. This should be obvious but don’t flash your money to let everyone know you have a huge wad of cash.

When choosing a hostel, look for ones with lockers. It’s always a good idea to carry around a padlock or combination lock. Most hostels are safe and travelers respect each other and I’ve rarely seen things happen to people’s valuables. Nevertheless, I always think that prevention is better.

As anywhere, the standard precautions apply (never leave your drink unattended at the bar, never walk home alone intoxicated, etc.). When at the bar, always keep an eye on your drink. Avoid walking home alone at night if you’re intoxicated.

For female travelers in particular, it’s always a good idea to have a bit of extra money on you just in case you need to take an Uber or taxi back by yourself so you don’t take unnecessary risks to save money. If you’re using apps to date people while traveling, please use common sense and meet in public places. Since I’m not a female traveler, please check out the numerous female bloggers who have first hand knowledge of this.

If you’re worried about scams, you can read about common travel scams to avoid here.

If you rent a vehicle, don’t leave any valuables in it overnight. Break-ins are rare, but it’s always better to be safe than sorry. Be aware that the UK drives on the left and that most rental cars in Europe will have manual transmissions unless you request otherwise.

When hiking, always bring water, sunscreen, and bandaids or foot plasters. There is nothing worse than being halfway up the mountain with a blister and nothing you can do about it!

Likewise, when at the coast, don’t forget not only to wear sunscreen! I can’t tell you how many times I’ve seen people get burnt to a crisp the first day. Be sure to check the weather before you depart and dress accordingly.

If you do experience an emergency, dial 112 for assistance.

Always trust your gut instinct. Make copies of your personal documents, including your passport and ID. Forward your itinerary to loved ones so they know where you are.

The most important piece of advice I can offer is to purchase good travel insurance. Travel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancellations. It’s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it as I’ve had to use it many times in the past. You can use the widget below to find the policy right for you:

Europe Travel Guide: The Best Booking Resources

These are my favorite companies to use when I travel. They consistently have the best deals, offer world-class customer service and great value, and overall, are better than their competitors. They are the companies I use the most and are always the starting point in my search for travel deals.

• Skyscanner – Skyscanner is my favorite flight search engine. They search small websites and budget airlines that larger search sites tend to miss. They are hands down the number one place to start.
• Hostelworld – This is the best hostel accommodation site out there with the largest inventory, best search interface, and widest availability.
• Booking.com – The best all around booking site that constantly provides the cheapest and lowest rates. They have the widest selection of budget accommodation. In all my tests, they’ve always had the cheapest rates out of all the booking websites.
• HostelPass – This new card gives you up to 20% off hostels throughout Europe. It’s a great way to save money. They’re constantly adding new hostels too. I’ve always wanted something like this and glad it finallt exists.
• Get Your Guide – Get Your Guide is a huge online marketplace for tours and excursions. They have tons of tour options available in cities all around the world, including everything from cooking classes, walking tours, street art lessons, and more!
• The Man in Seat 61 – This website is the ultimate guide to train travel anywhere in the world. They have the most comprehensive information on routes, times, prices, and train conditions. If you are planning a long train journey or some epic train trip, consult this site.
• Rome2Rio – This website allows you to see how to get from point A to point B the best and cheapest way possible. It will give you all the bus, train, plane, or boat routes that can get you there as well as how much they cost.
• FlixBus – Flixbus has routes between 20 European countries with prices starting as low 5 EUR! Their buses include WiFi, electrical outlets, a free checked bag.
• SafetyWing – Safety Wing offers convenient and affordable plans tailored to digital nomads and long-term travelers. They have cheap monthly plans, great customer service, and an easy-to-use claims process that makes it perfect for those on the road.
• LifeStraw – My go-to company for reusable water bottles with built-in filters so you can ensure your drinking water is always clean and safe.
• Unbound Merino – They make lightweight, durable, easy-to-clean travel clothing.
• Top Travel Credit Cards – Points are the best way to cut down travel expenses. Here’s my favorite point earning credit cards so you can get free travel!

GO DEEPER: Nomadic Matt’s In-Depth Budget Guide to Europe!

While I have a lot of free tips on Europe, I also wrote an entire book that goes into great detail on everything you need to plan a trip here on a budget! You’ll get suggested itineraries, budgets, even more ways to save money, my favorite restaurants, prices, practical information (i.e. phone numbers, websites, prices, safety advice, etc etc), and cultural tips.

I’ll give the insider view of Europe that I got from years of traveling and living here! The downloadable guide can be used on your Kindle, iPad, phone, or computer so you can have it with you when you go. Click here to learn more about my book on Europe!

Europe Travel Guide: Related Articles

Want more tips for your trip? Check out all the articles I’ve written on Europe travel and continue planning your trip:

The 7 Best Hotels in London

10 Scotland Road Trip Tips You Need to Know Before You Go

The Perfect 7-Day Croatia Itinerary

The 6 Best Hotels in Copenhagen

The 6 Best Hotels in Florence

The 7 Best Hotels in Madrid

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Migration and asylum in europe – 2023 edition, migration-2023-introduction.

Migration and asylum in Europe  –  2023 interactive publication provides key data and trends on migration and asylum. It looks at topics such as people migrating to the EU, within the EU and from the EU, international protection of non-EU nationals, and irregular migration.

This publication allows you to explore, visualise and compare indicators on migration and asylum at EU and country level.

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Population diversity.

Learn more about the main destination countries of migrants, the reasons why non-EU citizens move to the EU, and the demography of nationals and non-nationals in the EU countries. This section presents statistics on immigration and emigration, citizenship, and residence permits for non-EU citizens.

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In 2022, 8% of the people living in EU countries were non-nationals. 3% were citizens of another EU country and 5% of a non-EU country.

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Migration to and from the eu.

In 2021, 2.3 million immigrants came to the EU from non-EU countries. This is an increase of nearly 18% compared with 1.9 million in 2020, but still below the pre-COVID-19 level of 2.7 million in 2019.

In 21 out of 27 EU countries, 50% or more immigrants came from outside the EU in 2021. The largest shares were observed in Lithuania (81% of all its immigrants), Spain (80%) and Slovenia (79%). In contrast, the lowest share was recorded in Luxembourg, where immigrants from outside the EU made up 9% of all its immigrants.

In absolute numbers, the most popular countries of destination for immigrants from outside the EU in 2021 were Germany (439 000 persons or 19% of all immigrants who came to the EU from non-EU countries) and Spain (421 000 or 19%), ahead of Italy (248 000 or 11%) and France (238 000 or 11%). People who migrated to these 4 EU members represented 60% of all immigrants who entered the EU from non-EU countries in 2021.

In the same year, about 1.1 million people emigrated from the EU to a non-EU country. This is also an increase compared with 956 000 people in 2020, and almost back to the pre-COVID-19 level of 1.2 million.

In 8 out of 27 EU countries, more than 50% of emigrants went to a country outside the EU in 2021. The largest share of people who emigrated to a non-EU country was recorded in France (68% of all its emigrants), followed by Slovenia (65%), Lithuania (64%) and Spain (63%). On the other hand, the lowest shares were observed in Slovakia (18% of all its emigrants) and Luxembourg (16%).

In absolute terms, the largest number of emigrants was recorded in Spain (239 000 or 21% of all emigrants to a non-EU country), followed by Germany (158 000 or 14%) and France (120 000 or 11%). Emigrants from these 3 EU members made up 46% of all emigrants leaving the EU countries in 2021. 

At EU level, the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants resulted in a positive net migration in 2021, meaning that over 1 million more people moved to the EU than moved out.

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For more information

• Statistics Explained article on migrant and migrant population statistics

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Free movement of people in the eu.

EU citizens have the right to free movement in the EU and to establish their residence in any EU country. In 2021, 1.4 million people moved from one EU country to another. This is an increase of 10% compared with 2020, which was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

An analysis by place of previous residence reveals that in 2021 Germany was the country with the largest number of immigrants from other EU members (328 000 or 24% of all immigrants from other EU countries), followed by Poland (111 000 or 8%), Spain (108 000 or 8%), the Netherlands (106 000 or 8%) and Romania (104 000 or 8%).

In relative terms, Luxembourg recorded the largest share of immigrants coming from another EU country (91% of all its immigrants in 2021), followed by Slovakia (68%) and Austria (56%).

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Citizenships in the eu.

In 2022, whilst most people in the EU lived in their country of citizenship, 8% (37 million) of the EU population were citizens of another country than their country of residence. 3% (14 million) were citizens of another EU country and 5% (24 million) of a non-EU country. Additionally, the EU population included 53 000 stateless people and 303 000 who were of unknown citizenship. 

Luxembourg topped the list of countries with the highest share of non-nationals in their population (47%), ahead of Malta (21%), Cyprus (19%), Austria (18%), and Estonia (15%). 

Looking specifically at citizens from other EU members, the largest share was recorded in Luxembourg (38%) followed by Cyprus (10%). The proportion of citizens from outside the EU was largest in Estonia (14%), Latvia (13%),  and Malta (12%).

In contrast, non-nationals represented less than 1% of the population in Romania (0.3%) and Croatia (0.9%).

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In the eu countries, non-nationals are younger than nationals.

As on 1 January 2022, across the EU countries, people who were non-nationals in the respective EU country were younger than the national population. 

The distribution by age group shows that, compared with nationals, the non-national population has a greater proportion of relatively young working age adults aged 20 to 49. This is the case for both men and women. One can see that:

• men aged 20 to 49 accounted for 29% of the non-national population, compared with 18% of the national population;
• women aged 20 to 49 accounted for 27% of the non-national population, compared with 18% of the national population. 

In contrast, the shares of people who are over 50 years were smaller for non-nationals than nationals. For example:

• men aged over 50 accounted for 12% of the non-national population, compared with 20% for nationals; 
• women aged over 50 accounted for 13% of the non-national population, compared with 24% of the national population. 

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Romanians are the largest group of eu citizens residing in other eu countries.

Citizens of EU countries have the right to live and work in any other EU country.

In 2022, Romania was the country with the largest number of its own nationals living in other EU members (3.1 million people or 24% of all EU citizens living in another EU country as non-nationals), ahead of Poland and Italy (both 1.5 million or 11%).

• Interactive map on EU citizens living in other EU countries
• Thematic page on international migration and citizenship

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Residence permits.

People from abroad move to the EU for different reasons, for example to work, to join their family, or to study. Non-EU citizens can stay in the EU if they obtain a residence permit.

In 2022, all the EU countries combined issued almost 3.5 million first residence permits to non-EU citizens. This is an increase of 18% compared with 2021 and of 14% compared with the pre-COVID-19 level in 2019.

Poland granted the highest number of permits (700  000 or 20% of total permits issued in the EU), followed by Germany (539  000 or 16%), Spain (467  000 or 14%), Italy (338  000 or 10%) and France (324  000 or 9%).

Most of the first-residence permits were granted to citizens from Ukraine (374  000 or 11% of all permits), Belarus (310  000 or 9%) and India (183  000 or 5%).

Work was the main reason for residence permits in 2022

The reasons for granting these residence permits in 2022 were:

• work: 1.2 million or 36% of all first residence permits issued 
• family reasons: 896  000 or 26%
• education: 457  000 or 13%

The remaining 25% of residence permits (861  000) were granted for other reasons such as international protection. 

The situation varies across the EU. In 2022, the share of permits issued for work reasons was largest in Croatia (93% of all first residence permits granted for employment reasons), ahead of Romania (74%) and Malta (73%). Family was the main reason in Belgium (49%), Luxembourg and Greece (both 45%), while education had the biggest share in Ireland (48%) and France (32%). The share of other reasons was highest in Austria (50%).

• Statistics Explained article on first residence permits issued
• Statistics Explained article on residence permits - statistics on stock of valid permits at the end of the year
• Thematic page on managed migration

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Protection and asylum.

There are many reasons why people migrate, including seeking protection from conflict, persecution, and human rights violations. This section presents statistics on asylum seekers, including children, and the different forms of protection given by the EU countries.

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In 2022, the EU countries granted protection status to 384 000 asylum seekers, up by 39% compared with 2021 (275 000).

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Asylum applicants.

In 2022, 875  000 people applied for international protection in the EU countries for the first time . This is an increase of 63% compared with 2021 and is the highest number since the peaks recorded during the refugee crisis related to the war in Syria in 2015 and 2016.

The EU countries that received the highest number of first-time applications in 2022 were Germany (218 000 or 25% of all first-time asylum applications in the EU) and France (138 000 or 16%), followed by Spain (116 000 or 13%), Austria (110 000 or 13%) and Italy (77 000 or 9%). These 5 EU countries together accounted for 75% of all first-time asylum applications in the EU.

Compared with the population of each EU country, the highest rate of first-time applicants in 2022 was recorded in Cyprus (24  000 applicants per million people), ahead of Austria (12  000) and Luxembourg (4  000). By contrast, the lowest rate was observed in Slovakia (90 per million people) and Hungary (5).

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Syrians, afghans, venezuelans, and turks lodged the most asylum applications in the eu.

Almost half (47%) of the first-time asylum applicants in 2022 had Asian citizenship, 22% African citizenship, 16% European citizenship (non-EU) and 14% had North or South American citizenship. The share of persons who were stateless or with unknown citizenship was 1%.

In 2022, Syria was the main country of citizenship of asylum seekers (132 000 first-time applications or 15% of all first-time applications in the EU), ahead of Afghanistan (114 000 or 13%), Venezuela (50 000 or 6%) and Türkiye (49 000 or 6%).

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Check how many first-time asylum applications from outside the EU were lodged in your country in 2022 and the main citizenships of applicants.

• Statistics Explained article on asylum applications – annual statistics
• Statistics Explained article on asylum applications – monthly statistics
• Thematic page on asylum

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Asylum decisions.

In 2022, around 850 000 decisions on asylum applications were taken by the EU countries. Of these, 632 000 decisions were taken at first instance and 217 000 were final decisions taken upon appeal or review of first instance decisions.

First instance decisions granted protection status  to 311 000 asylum seekers, an increase of 54% compared with 2021. Through final decisions, the EU members granted protection status to 73 000 asylum seekers, a situation almost unchanged compared with 2021.

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More on first instance decisions.

In 2022, 23% or 143 000 first instance decisions taken by the EU countries granted refugee status, 16% or 102 000  subsidiary protection,  and 10% or 66 000  humanitarian protection .

The share of refugee status in all first decisions was highest in Portugal, where more than 7 out of 10 first instance decisions (71%) granted refugee status, followed by Luxembourg (59%).

The proportion of subsidiary protection was highest in Estonia (93% of all first instance decisions) and Bulgaria (89%).

The largest share of humanitarian protection was recorded in Ireland (47% of all first instance decisions).

The main beneficiaries of protection status were Syrians (32% of all asylum applicants who received protection status at first instance in the EU), followed by Afghans (23%) and Venezuelans (7%).

More on final decisions after an appeal or review

In 2022, 12% or 27 000 decisions taken upon appeal or review in the EU granted refugee status, 8% or 17 000  subsidiary protection, and 13% or 29 000  humanitarian protection .

Refugee status represented 50% of final decisions in Finland and Slovakia, the largest shares in the EU. The share of subsidiary protection was largest in Bulgaria (80%) and of humanitarian protection in Italy (56%).

The main beneficiaries of protection status were Afghans (22% of all asylum applicants granted protection status by final decisions in the EU), followed by Syrians (12%) and Nigerians (8%).

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In 2022, nearly half of asylum applicants received protection in first instance decisions.

To better understand who is granted protection in the EU, the recognition rate can be used. This rate represents the number of positive decisions as a percentage of the total number of decisions on applications for protection status.

In 2022, the recognition rate stood at 49% for first instance decisions, meaning there were 311 000 positive decisions out of 632 000 total decisions, and at 34% for final decisions in appeal or review, representing 73 000 positive decisions out of 217 000.

Among the EU countries, the recognition rate at first instance was highest in Estonia (96%), Bulgaria (91%) and the Netherlands (87%). In contrast, it was lowest in Cyprus (6%) and Malta (15%).

As regards final decisions, Bulgaria recorded a 100% recognition rate, meaning that all final decisions were positive. It was followed by Italy (72%), Austria and the Netherlands (each 67%). At the opposite end of the scale, the rate was equal to zero in Estonia and Portugal, meaning that no positive final decisions were taken in these countries, and it was almost zero in Cyprus and Poland.

Among the top 10 citizenships that received first instance decisions in 2022, Syrians (94%), Afghans (85%) and Venezuelans (76%) had the highest recognition rates. Among the top 10 citizenships that received final instance decisions after an appeal or review in 2022, the citizenships with the highest recognition rates were Syrian (79%), Afghan (74%) and Iranian (44%).

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Temporary protection.

Temporary protection is an exceptional measure to provide immediate and temporary protection to displaced people from non-EU countries and those who are unable to return to their country of origin. 

Since Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine started in February 2022, the EU countries have granted temporary protection to people fleeing Ukraine.

By 31 December 2022, around 3.8 million non-EU citizens who fled Ukraine had received temporary protection status in the EU. Around 98% of them had Ukrainian citizenship.

The main EU countries where people fleeing Ukraine stayed in 2022 were Germany (968 000 or 25% of the total), Poland (961 000 or 25%) and Czechia (432 000 or 11%).

Compared with the population of each EU country, the highest numbers of temporary protection beneficiaries at the end of 2022 were recorded in Czechia (41.1 beneficiaries per 1 000 people), followed by Estonia (28.8) and Poland (25.5). In contrast, the lowest numbers were observed in France (1.0 per 1 000 people), Greece (2.1), and Italy (2.5). At EU level, there were 8.6 beneficiaries of temporary protection for every 1 000 people.

• Statistics Explained article on temporary protection for persons fleeing Ukraine - monthly statistics
• Thematic section on the impact of the war in Ukraine

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Children under international protection.

In 2022, 236 000 asylum applicants were less than 18 years old, accounting for 25% of all applicants in the EU. Of these, around 40 000 or 17% were unaccompanied minors .

Compared with 2021, the number of asylum applications lodged by unaccompanied minors rose by 57%.

Most of the asylum applications from unaccompanied minors in 2022 were lodged either by Afghans (18 000 people or 45% of all first-time asylum applicants) or Syrians (10 000 or 24%).

The EU countries that received the highest number of asylum applications from unaccompanied minors in 2022 were Austria (13 000) and Germany (7 000), followed by the Netherlands (4 000) and Bulgaria (3 000).

2 in 3 first instance decisions on applications of unaccompanied minors were favourable

In 2022, the EU countries took 11 300 first instance decisions on asylum applications from unaccompanied minors. Of these, 8 400 or 74% were positive, meaning that they granted a protection status . Thus, the recognition rate for unaccompanied minors at first instance was higher than for adults (42%).

Across the EU countries, Germany issued the most positive decisions on applications from unaccompanied minors (2 900 or 34% of the EU total), followed by the Netherlands (1 400 or 17%), Italy and Greece (each 1 000 or 12%).

• Statistics Explained article on children in migration – asylum applicants
• Thematic page on children in migration

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Irregular migration and return.

Irregular migration is when non-EU citizens attempt to enter or stay in the EU territory without complying with the legal requirements. This section presents data on people who were refused entry to the EU, who are illegally present in the EU, and people who were returned.  

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In 2022, 143 000 non-EU citizens were refused entry into the EU, 1.1 million were found to be illegally present, 431 000 were ordered to leave an EU country and 74 000 were returned to a country outside the EU.

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Irregular migration.

In 2022, 143 000 non-EU citizens were refused entry into the EU at one of its external borders . Of these, 62% were stopped at external land borders, 34% at air borders and 4% at sea borders.

The main grounds for refusing entry to the EU were either that the purpose and conditions of stay were not justified (24% of all refusals) or that the people refused entry did not have a valid visa or residence permit (23%).

The situation varies across the EU countries. Some EU members do not have external EU borders, as they are either landlocked or only have an internal land border within the  Schengen area .

In 2022, Poland reported the largest number of refusals (23 000 or 16% of the EU total), ahead of Hungary (16 000 or 11%) and Croatia (12 000 or 8%). Most of the refusals at land borders were recorded in Poland, at sea borders in Italy and at air borders in Ireland.

Ukrainians accounted for the largest number of people refused entry to the EU in 2022 (29 000 people), followed by Albanians (16 000) and Russians (12 000).

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In 2022, around 1.1 million non-EU citizens were found to be illegally present in the EU. This is an increase of 65% compared with 2021. Among the EU countries, the largest number of illegally present people was found in Hungary (223 000 or 20% of the EU total), Germany (198 000 or 18%) and Italy (138 000 or 12%).

Syrians were the biggest group of people found to be illegally present in the EU (197 000 people), ahead of Afghans (114 000) and Moroccans (60 000).

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Orders to leave and returns .

In 2022, a total of 431 000 non-EU citizens received an order to leave the EU country they were staying in. This is an increase of 27% compared with 2021. Among the EU countries, France issued the most return decisions (136 000 or 31% of all orders to leave issued in the EU), followed by Germany (44 000 or 10%), Croatia (41 000 or 9%), and Greece (34 000 or 8%).

Algerians (34 000) were the largest group of non-EU citizens ordered to leave the territory of an EU country, followed by Moroccans (31 000) and Pakistanis (25 000).

74 000 people were returned to a country outside the EU in 2022

In 2022, around 74 000 non-EU citizens were returned outside the EU, following an order to leave the territory of a specific EU country. 

The highest number of returns was recorded in France and Sweden (each 8 600 or 12% of all returns to non-EU countries), and Germany (7 700 or 11%).

The biggest groups of people returned to a country outside the EU were Albanians (9 500), followed by Georgians (7 500) and Turks (4 000).

• Statistics Explained article on enforcement of immigration legislation statistics
• Statistics Explained article on returns of irregular migrants - quarterly statistics

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Skills of migrants.

The European Year of Skills, held during 2023-2024, aims to promote a mindset of reskilling and upskilling, helping people to get the right skills for relevant quality jobs.

In addition to the residence permits described earlier, there are various types of authorisations that allow non-EU citizens to study and work in the EU countries, making full use of their skills and talent. This section presents statistics on the EU Blue Cards, authorisations for study and research, and intra-corporate transfers.  

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The EU countries issued 82 000 Blue Cards, 421 000 permits to study and research and 11 000 intra-corporate transfer permits to non-EU citizens in 2022.

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Attracting skills and talent, eu blue card for highly qualified workers.

The EU Blue Cards is a work and residence permit for  highly qualified people  from outside the EU.

In 2022, around 82 000 highly qualified non-EU workers received an EU Blue Card. Germany issued the largest number (63 000 or 77% of all EU Blue Cards), followed by Poland (5 000 or 6%), Lithuania and France (each 3 900 or 5%).

Citizens of India were granted the most EU Blue Cards in 2022 (20 000 or 24% of all Blue Cards issued in the EU), ahead of citizens of Russia (8 000 or 9%), Belarus (6 000 or 7%) and Türkiye (5 000 or 6%).

Permits for researchers and students

Non-EU citizens can also stay in the EU to study and do research. In total, in 2022, the EU countries issued 421 000 authorisations for study and research. Germany issued most authorisations (132 000 or 31% of all permits in the EU), followed by France (110 000 or 26%) and Spain (53 000 or 13%).

The main recipients were citizens from China (42 000 or 10% of all permits in the EU), India (40 000 or 10%), the United States (21 000 or 5%) and Morocco (20 000 or 5%).

Intra-corporate transfers of staff

Non-EU citizens can also apply for a so-called intra-corporate transfer residence permit to work in the EU. This means they can be posted from a company operating outside the EU to a branch in one of the EU countries. In 2022, the EU members issued in total 10 500 transfer permits, with the largest numbers in the Netherlands (3 300 or 31% of all permits), Germany (1 800 or 17%) and Hungary (1 600 or 15%).

Most of these permits were given to citizens from India (4 500 or 43% of all permits), China (1 200 or 11%) and South Korea (1 100 or 11%).

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Overqualification of migrants.

Looking at employed non-EU citizens aged 20-64 years with a degree , 39% of them were overqualified in 2022, meaning they were working in a low- or medium-skilled job position, for which a degree was not required. This compares with 32% for EU citizens living in another EU country and 21% for nationals living in their own country.

Across the EU countries, the over-qualification rate of non-EU citizens was highest in Greece (74%), Italy (68%) and Spain (58%). In contrast, it was lowest in Luxembourg (12%), the Netherlands (22%), and Finland (24%).

In comparison, the overqualification rate for employed EU citizens living in other EU countries was highest in Italy (49%), Cyprus (48%) and Spain (44%), while it was lowest in Luxembourg (7%), Czechia (11%) and Malta (16%).

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Check additional indicators in the Migrant integration and inclusion dashboard.

• Statistics Explained article on residence permits – statistics on authorisations to reside and work
• Statistics Explained article on migrant integration statistics - overqualification
• Thematic page on migrant integration
• European Year of Skills 2023

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About this publication.

Migration and asylum in Europe is an interactive publication released by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union.

Information on data

The data displayed in the visualisations come directly from the Eurostat online database for the reference year(s) mentioned in the visualisation. The accompanying text is from January 2024 and reflects the data situation at that moment in time. The data displayed in the visualisation on first-time asylum applicants by citizenships are from March 2023. 

• Thematic section on migration and asylum
• Database on international migration , asylum , managed migration , children in migration and migrant integration
• Statistics Explained articles on migration and asylum

If you have questions on the data, please contact the Eurostat user support .

Copyright and re-use policy

This publication should not be considered as representative of the European Commission’s official position.

© European Union, 2024

The reuse policy of European Commission documents is implemented based on Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) licence. This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated.

For any use or reproduction of elements that are not owned by the European Union, permission may need to be sought directly from the respective rightholders. The European Union does not own the copyright in relation to the following elements:

Cover photo: © r.classen/Shutterstock.com Population diversity: © fizkes/Shutterstock.com Protection and asylum: © Halfpoint/Shutterstock.com Irregular migration and return: © triple_v/Shutterstock.com Skills of migrants: © Atitaph_StockPHoTo/Shutterstock.com

For more information, please consult our page on copyright notice and free re-use of data .

Identifiers

Product code: KS-FW-23-004 ISBN 978-92-68-04508-4 ISSN 2600-3368 doi:10.2785/353399

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