medical tourism industry in india

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Trends, Growth, and Opportunity Analysis of Medical Tourism in India

An In-depth Look at Demand for Medical Tourism in India by Dental and Cosmetic Treatment for 2024 to 2034

Quality Healthcare Infrastructure and World-class Facilities Drive the Growth of the Medical Tourism Industry in India

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India Medical Tourism Industry Outlook from 2024 to 2034

The medical tourism industry in India is estimated to be valued at US$ 10,362.9 million in 2024. It is projected to surpass US$ 50,670.5 million by 2034. The industry growth in India is expected to develop at a healthy 17.20% CAGR from 2024 to 2034.

Key Industry Drivers

In the post-pandemic era, individuals are increasingly becoming health-conscious. This has significantly pushed the demand for cost-effective and high-quality healthcare facilities, even if they have to travel abroad. Even before the pandemic hit the world, the trend of getting exclusive treatments done in developing countries had become a norm for the well-off population residing in developed economies. This has two advantages:

• Individuals get the benefit of first-class medical services, therapies, surgeons, etc. at nominal expenses
• They could also take advantage of India’s scenic beauty, rich cultural heritage, and diverse landscapes by combining their treatments with leisure activities

The medical tourism industry in India is also getting a lot of attention among European nations as it is known for offering a wide range of alternative therapies like Ayurveda and yoga. The government of India is also actively promoting these therapies on an international level, attracting more people to the country.

As per a cost comparison study by the American Medical Association, a knee replacement surgery somehow cost US$ 40,000 in the United States, US$ 10,000 in Thailand, and US$ 13,000 in Singapore. However, the same surgery, with better medical care and services, is very likely to cost around US$ 8,500 in India.

Compared to other developed and developing nations, the cost of living in India is also very reasonable. This makes the stay during prolonged treatments even more affordable. Better connectivity from all parts of the world to the Indian metropolitan is also contributing to the growth of the India medical tourism industry.

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Trends in the India Medical Tourism Industry

One of the key attractions for people traveling to India is the well-established wellness tourism industry in the different parts of the country. Alternative medical therapies, like Yoga, Ayurveda, naturopathy, meditation, Vipassana, etc., are also getting their undue recognition and appreciation from people worldwide.

The rise of destination management companies contributes to the growth of the India medical tourism industry. They assist in treatment planning, travel arrangements, visa assistance, language interpretation, and local support, enhancing the overall experience for medical tourists.

India, as a country, is also focusing on enhancing its medical infrastructure to cater to the demands of its population. This has significantly changed the face of India’s Medicare and healthcare sector in the past couple of decades.

The country now has 38 hospitals accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI) and a significant amount of hospitals accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). This generates immense trust in the people looking forward to travel to India for their treatments.

Negative Perception and the Lack of Single Unified Body to Slow down the Industry Growth of Medical Tourism in India

The fact that India offers the most affordable medical services in the world also comes with a negative perception in the minds of the people that these services may be low-quality. This notion has dampened the growth of the medical tourism industry in India. Apart from this, India, in the last few decades, has always been the target of terrorist groups and organizations. This has created a sense of fear in the people looking forward to traveling to India.

Competition from other Southeast Asian countries, like Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia, is also slowing down the India medical tourism industry. India’s healthcare industry also suffers from serious issues of hygiene and patient safety. Unlike other countries, there’s also a lack of a single unified body that works toward the betterment of the medical tourism industry in the country. All these factors are collectively contributing to the negative growth rate of the Indian medical tourism industry.

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Comparative View of Adjacent Industries

Two industries in the international marketplace, other than the India medical tourism industry, have the potential to have a plethora of opportunities in the coming decade. The growth factors and trends in the global medical tourism industry and global inbound medical tourism industry have been jotted down below. According to these numbers, it can be inferred that the inbound medical tourism industry is very likely to have a promising future in the coming decade.

India Medical Tourism Industry:

Inbound Medical Tourism Industry:

Medical Tourism Market:

Category-wise Insights

Millions of foreigners flock india for cardiovascular treatments.

Based on treatment type, the industry for Indian medical tourism is segmented into dental, cosmetic, and cardiovascular treatments. The cardiovascular segment is anticipated to hold a share of 40.20% of the overall India medical tourism industry.

The presence of top cardiologists in India makes it a hub for cardiovascular treatments. Additionally, the advanced health infrastructure present in some of the major centers with international accreditation adds to its appeal.

Hospitals like the Fortis Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, Asian Heart Hospital, and Medanta Hospital are some of the key cardiovascular centers in Asia. They are pioneers in the field of cardiology and are also present in India. All these factors have contributed to the effective growth of India’s medical tourism industry in the past few years.

Spiritual and Historical Factors Make India a Popular Destination for Wellness Services

Based on the services, the wellness segment takes the maximum share of the India medical tourism industry. It is anticipated to hold an industry value of 61.50%.

In the last few years, it has also been observed that people have actively traveled to India in quest of alternative medicine such as yoga, massages, and meditation. Many destinations in India, like Rishikesh, also known as the Yoga capital of the world, Varanasi, Kullu, Manali, Goa, etc., are some of the prominent hubs for wellness tourism and alternative medicine practices. Their immense popularity in the Western world has significantly contributed to the growth of the wellness tourism industry in India.

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Competitive Landscape

The projected 17.20% CAGR for India’s medical tourism industry is a collective collaboration of numerous players, such as hospitals and healthcare providers, wellness centers, Ayurvedic resorts, destination management companies, tourism boards, etc. Apollo Hospitals, Fortis Healthcare, Max Healthcare, Medanta - The Medicity, Narayana Health, and Manipal Hospitals provide excellent healthcare facilities, especially when it comes to chronic diseases.

Ananda in the Himalayas, The Art of Living International Center, Somatheeram Ayurveda Village, Kairali Ayurvedic Group, Ayushakti Ayurved Pvt. Ltd., Osho International Meditation Resort are considered the pioneers of wellness centers in and around the world. These institutions are aided by insurance companies like ICICI Lombard General Insurance, Religare Health Insurance, and Paramount Health Services & Insurance TPA Pvt. Ltd. so that international patients can seek medical travel insurance coverage in India.

Recent Developments

• In July 2023, Ananda in the Himalayas launched two immersive wellness experiences in Maldives and Switzerland. The expert team traveled to educate and rejuvenate tourists in tranquil settings. The Energy Harmony retreat was held at The Nautilus in the Maldives from December 1st to 7th, while a unique workshop took place at Nira Alpina in St. Moritz, Switzerland, from September 13th to 17th.
• In August 2023, the Ministry of Home Affairs introduced the Ayush Visa for foreign travelers seeking medical treatment, wellness, and yoga in India. This initiative aimed to promote medical tourism and make Indian traditional medicine a global phenomenon.

Key Companies in the Industry

• Apollo Hospitals
• Fortis Healthcare
• Max Healthcare
• Medanta - The Medicity
• Narayana Health
• Manipal Hospitals
• Ananda in the Himalayas
• The Art of Living International Center
• Somatheeram Ayurveda Village
• Kairali Ayurvedic Group
• Ayushakti Ayurved Pvt. Ltd.
• Osho International Meditation Resort
• IndiCure Health Tours Pvt. Ltd.
• MedTourEasy
• India Medical Tourism
• Tour2India4Health Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

Key Coverage in the India Medical Tourism Industry Report

• Medical tourism destinations in India
• Trends in the Indian Medical Tourism Industry
• Health Tourism Services in India
• Available Opportunities in the Indian Medical Tourism
• Top Hospitals for Medical Tourism in India

Key Segments in the Global India Medical Tourism Industry

By treatment type:.

• Dental Treatment
• Cosmetic Treatment
• Cardiovascular Treatment
• Orthopedic Treatment
• Neurological Treatment
• Cancer Treatment
• Fertility Treatment

By Services:

• Wellness Services
• Therapeutic Services

By Tour Type:

• Independent Traveler Tour
• Group Package Traveler

By Consumer Orientation:

By age group:.

• 15-25 Years
• 26-35 Years
• 36-45 Years
• 46-55 Years
• 66-75 Years

By Booking Channel:

• Phone Booking
• Online Booking
• In-Person Booking

Frequently Asked Questions

How big is the medical tourism industry in india.

The medical tourism industry in India is expected to be worth US$ 10,362.9 million in 2024.

What is the Sales Forecast for India's Medical Tourism through 2034?

The medical tourism industry in India is expected to reach US$ 50,670.5 million by 2034.

At What Rate is the Medical Tourism Industry Growing in India?

The India medical tourism industry is developing at a CAGR of 17.20% from 2024 to 2034.

Who are the key Companies in India’s Medical Tourism Industry?

Apollo Hospitals, Fortis Healthcare, Max Healthcare, Medanta - The Medicity, Narayana Health, Manipal Hospitals, etc., are some of the key players in the industry.

What was the Overall Value of the India Medical Tourism Industry in 2023?

The valuation of the medical tourism industry in India was US$ 8,767.2 million in 2023.

Table of Content

List of tables, list of charts.

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Number of medical tourists in india to exceed pre-pandemic levels in cy24.

• May 6, 2024

India's medical tourism industry is poised for a robust resurgence, with projections indicating a significant rebound in the number of medical tourists surpassing pre-pandemic levels. According to Crisil, an estimated 7.3 million medical tourists are expected to visit India in the calendar year 2024, driven by factors such as top-notch healthcare infrastructure, skilled medical professionals, and cost-effective treatment options. Major hospital chains like Max Healthcare, Fortis Healthcare, and Apollo Hospitals are witnessing a surge in international patient revenue, with initiatives to expand their global outreach offices and capitalize on the growing demand for high-quality healthcare services in India.

The outlook for private hospitals in FY25 suggests that medical tourism, typically constituting 10-12% of hospital revenue, is anticipated to grow at a rate nearly double that of the overall industry growth. Max Healthcare has experienced a notable 27% year-on-year growth in international patient revenue, while Fortis Healthcare continues to contribute significantly to its overall business revenues. Apollo Hospitals, a trusted choice for international patients, is eyeing double-digit growth and plans to expand its outreach offices into new geographies. These hospitals are strategically establishing international offices to provide assistance with visa processes, travel arrangements, and comprehensive treatment plans while also engaging in capacity-building programs and medical training initiatives within target countries.

Disclaimer: This information has been collected through secondary research and IBEF is not responsible for any errors in the same.

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Medical Tourism in India: Top destinations, scenarios and all you need to know

India in recent years has emerged as a major hub for medical tourism and is now considered among the top 6 medical value travel destinations in the world. here is all you need to know about it..

Medical Tourism , or Medical Value Travel, refers to the industry where international patients travel across the border for medical, cosmetic, or wellness treatments. India in recent years has emerged as a major hub for medical tourism and is now considered among the top 6 medical value travel destinations in the world. Its rapidly growing medical tourism industry has put Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai and Kochi on the globe for millions of people across Asia and Africa, who turn to these cities for all their surgical needs. Our unrivalled knowledge , top-notch doctors, extensive experience, and premier hospitals enable us to dominate the Indian medical tourism market. The patient can receive affordable treatment packages in India. (Also read: Kerala Tourism focuses on ‘responsible tourism’ to increase the livelihood of locals )

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Danish Ahmed, Founder, Healthtrip.com, shared important insights regarding medical tourism in India.

Medical tourism scenario in India:

Medical Tourism in India, in mid-2020, was estimated to be worth around USD 9 billion which makes India stand at Number 10 in the Global Medical Tourism Index. Approximately 2 million patients visit India each year from 78 countries for medical, wellness and IVF treatments, generating $6 billion for the industry which is expected to reach $13 billion by 2026 backed by the government’s Heal in India initiative. This not only generates jobs, profits and forex for hospitals but also creates very valuable soft power for India, positioning it as the Healing Center of the world. It also creates demand for high-end equipment, which results in continuous upgradation of Indian healthcare, resulting in a spiral of demand generating quality, generating more demand.

Why do they choose India:

India’s key advantage is the price at which it can deliver the world-class quality of healthcare, along with complementing treatments in Ayurveda, which gives it the unique positioning of Holistic Healthcare. Aptly called, Heal in India, the expected initiatives from the government will ease visa and forex norms for these patients, unlocking the tremendous potential of medical tourism in the country. India is known to be the land of natural medicines to the world. India and Ayurveda have a history that longs back in time.

Where are most medical tourists from:

Most of the tourists are from Asian or African countries such as Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives, Indonesia and Kenya, among others.

Top 5 medical tourism destinations in India:

Chennai: One of the most well-liked locations in India for receiving medical care. According to research by the Confederation of Indian Industries, almost 40% of patients choose Chennai because of the city's high standard of care. Chennai, the "health capital of India," sees foreign patients annually for hip replacements, eye surgeries, cardiac bypasses, bone marrow transplants, and alternative medical procedures.

Mumbai: It is the city with India's fastest expanding medical tourism industry, and is home to a number of super speciality hospitals as well as a Research and Diagnostic Center for orthopaedic and weight reduction procedures. Mumbai is also well-known for its Ayurvedic therapies and cosmetic surgery.

New Delhi: Numerous outstanding private hospitals, including ones that offer packages for general surgery, eye surgery, heart care, and neurosurgery to foreign patients, can be found in the nation's capital.

Ahmedabad: Ahmedabad is another Indian city that is gradually rising to prominence as a centre for medical tourism. Many non-residents prefer seeking treatment in Ahmedabad because of its hospitals with top-notch amenities.

Bangalore: Due to the vast quantity of top-notch medical facilities and specialists among its medical professionals. These are Bangalore medical tourism's main attractions. There are also doctors in Bangalore who have had advanced training in the west with almost little wait time and quick access to medical care for visitors seeking treatment.

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• 2022—The Year of Indian Medical Tourism

International experts have already predicted a 110% growth in the medical tourism sector, from USD 5-6 billion in 2019 to USD 13billion in 2022.

• ETHealthWorld
• Updated On Apr 13, 2022 at 06:26 AM IST

• Published On Apr 13, 2022 at 06:26 AM IST

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An Assessment of Competitiveness of Medical Tourism Industry in India: A Case of Delhi NCR

• Original Research
• Published: 01 August 2022
• Volume 17 , pages 215–228, ( 2022 )

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• Neha Malhotra   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-8739 1 &
• Kartik Dave   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-8979 1  

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India has emerged as a prominent medical tourism hub, yet the dynamic forces in the regional and global landscape are creating a complex balance of opportunities and risks for the Indian stakeholders. The outbreak of Corona virus pandemic in 2019 has further complicated the market dynamics for the medical tourism industry. This study aims to analyse the key driving factors for the medical tourism industry in India and the issues that Indian stakeholders should address in crafting a winning strategy. A qualitative research design was adopted, and data were collected through semi structured in-depth interviews with practitioners and senior representatives of the hospital management. The study adopted abduction logic and analysed data by means of constant comparison method. The study presents the assessment of the medical tourism industry in India and the scope of opportunity for Indian players.

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Introduction

Catalysed by emerging technologies, varying economic and demographic trends and a new age of healthcare consumerism; the worldwide scenario of healthcare is rapidly evolving. Additionally, a growing ageing population, and a swelling burden of diseases is rising the demand and cost of medical services. This evolution in healthcare is driving cross-country and cross-industry convergence (Deloitte Global, 2021 ), resulting in an upsurge in the worldwide medical tourism market. As this trend towards the healthcare is enduring around the world, more and more countries are extending their health systems to access care, not just for their natives but also gaining strength as leading service providers for international patients. While much of the initial focus was on the developed world, the epicentre is now shifting towards the emerging countries. Governments of these developing countries are working towards prioritising their health systems; enhancing productivity, boosting avenues for innovation and entrepreneurship, generating employment opportunities, increasing foreign exchange earnings, and hence driving GDP growth (Rahman, 2019 ).

India has been having its own unprecedented progress in this sector. To counter the emergent health issues, the health system in India has metamorphosed rapidly since the 90 s and has become the focal point of development. With the presence of clinical and technical expertise, international standards and highly competitive prices; India has emerged as a leading contender in the medical tourism industry (Bagga et al., 2020 ). Yet the accelerating shift in the regional and global landscape is making it challenging for the stakeholders to balance opportunities with risks. The industry is showing ramification of rapid disruption and intensified competition. Service providers are facing new playing fields. Recognizing this change alone isn’t enough. Government and entrepreneurs need to become adept at dealing with disruption and adapt the operating models, in a holistic way, to mitigate the outcomes of the shifting paradigm. It is imperative to introspect and identify the capabilities and resources that stakeholders need to realise. This is critical to endure the sophistication and competence of the medical tourism industry in India.

The outbreak of Corona virus pandemic in 2019 has further complicated the market dynamics for the medical tourism industry. Uncertainty over travel restrictions, changing quarantine measures across the world and the overall unprecedentedness of the situation, have made the entire ecosystem of medical tourism industry more precarious. With cross-border travel restrictions and the need to redirect hospital resources to treat COVID-19 patients, healthcare providers have to manage a dual burden of economic and health crises (Stackpole et al., 2021 ). The challenges posed by this pandemic have further demonstrated how crucial it has become for medical tourism industry in India to review their competitive positioning, access deeper competencies and build resilience.

A review of extant literature indicates very little empirical research has been done to done to examine factors of competitiveness of a medical tourism destination (Abubakar & Ilkan, 2016 ; Heung et al., 2010 ; Thayarnsin & Douglas, 2016 ; Yeoh et al., 2013 ). Theoretical understanding around the phenomena requires further academic attention (Chuang et al., 2014 ), specifically with regards to the perspective of medical tourism providers (Taheri et al., 2021 ). Virani et al. ( 2020 ) have also directed our attention to the neglect of policy-relevant research on medical tourism. This study aims to address this gap. By considering the perspective of medical practitioners and senior representatives of hospital management, this study identifies and analyses the key factors driving success in medical tourism industry and the issues that Indian healthcare providers and policymakers should address in crafting a winning strategy. Taking Delhi NCR as the context, this outlook propounds insightful research into the existing state of medical tourism industry in India, explores the dimensions and factors that can help India shape an effective ecosystem for this sector and suggests considerations for an optimum future of medical tourism industry in India.

Literature Review

The literature review encompasses a succinct discussion on the medical tourism industry, its global trends and the current state of Asian and Indian medical tourism industry, along with the key dimensions of medical tourism as highlighted in the literature.

Medical Tourism

Globalisation is restructuring the industries worldwide. Medical tourism is one such manifestation of globalisation in the healthcare industry (Connell, 2013 ; Ganguli & Ebrahim, 2017 ). Broadly it refers to travelling internationally for healthcare. Since its rapid development in 1990s, medical tourism has received a major reflection from both academia and industry. Though the growing interest to study this industry is well evident, there is still no international consent on the definition or measure of this sector. The existing literature addresses the terms health tourism and medical tourism in a loose and disorganised manner. Terms frequently used, and often synonymously, in this regard are ‘ medical tourism ’, ‘health tourism’, ‘medical travel’, ‘health travel’ and ‘cross-border healthcare’. While some researchers have used “medical travel” and “health travel” synonymously (Gola, 2016 ) others refer to health tourism as a wider field with medical tourism as its subset (Carrera & Bridges, 2006 ; Smith & Puczko, 2009 ). In agreement with Smith and Puczko ( 2009 ), this study represents medical tourism distinctly from other subsets of health tourism. The word ‘medical’ here refers to illness, disorder or injuries. As put forth by Jagyasi ( 2008 ), medical tourism is “the set of activities in which a person travels often long distance or across the border, to avail medical services with direct or indirect engagement in leisure, business or other purposes”. Contrarily, health tourism is a wide-ranging phenomenon where travel can be undertaken for a variety of reasons from preventive and health-conductive treatment to rehabilitation and curative forms of travel (Dunets, et al., 2020 ). Other than medical tourism, health tourism encompasses other related fields like—wellness tourism (involving relaxation and exercises) and sports/adventure tourism (involving outdoor recreation) (Hall, 2011 ). Medical tourism itself has sub branches like ‘reproductive tourism’ and ‘dental tourism’. Another emerging term is “domestic tourism” which refers to the act of travelling within one’s own country for medical purposes (Hudson & Li, 2012 ; Reddy, 2010 ). This study focuses primarily on medical tourism and identifies this practice as travelling internationally to receive medical treatment.

Global Medical Tourism Trends

Lack of specific data, novelty of the concept, and the fragmented and unstructured nature of this industry makes it challenging to review this industry and give an estimate of its size (Chambers & McIntosh, 2008 ; de la Hoz-Correa et al., 2018 ). Prominent market research databases have reported global medical tourism market to be worth USD 104.7 billion in 2019, and have projected it to grow at a CAGR of 12.8%, to reach USD 273.7 billion by 2027 (Chhabra et al., 2021 ; Taheri et al., 2021 ).

Even though there is no fixed estimate of this industry, medical tourism is well-considered amongst the most dynamically growing industries today. Trade economists have documented a strong impact of this phenomenon on the global economy (Bookman & Bookman, 2007 ) especially the emerging countries of the world (Lee & Hung, 2010 ; Pafford, 2009 ). It not only adds to their foreign exchange, but also boosts investments in the medical and tourism sector streamlining their services (Ramirez de Arellano, 2007 ). Asia has been specifically considered as a hub for medical tourism (Connell, 2006 ). Countries like Singapore, India, Thailand, Brunei, Cuba, Hong Kong, Hungary, Israel, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, the Philippines, and the United Arab Emirates have emerged as major providers for healthcare services to international patients (Heung, et al., 2010 ). Several other countries like Mexico, Turkey, Brazil, Costa Rica, Argentina and Bolivia are also working toward establishing themselves as major healthcare destinations (Singh, 2008 ).

The global demand and expenditure for healthcare services is on a rise due to factors such as growing and ageing populations, changing disease patterns and rapid transformations in costly digital technologies. With the rising disparity in healthcare costs, governments, corporations and individuals are looking at outsourcing healthcare facilities to emerging markets (Turner, 2007 ), especially those with advance and cost-effective healthcare facilities, and a proximity to developed countries. Medical tourism is also a viable and economical option for uninsured or underinsured patients. On the other hand, there is a substantial disparity in the quality of healthcare services. Patients from countries with limited government spending on healthcare and under developed private sector are forced to look at options beyond their borders. (KPMG, 2014 ).

Medical Tourism Industry in Asia

Last decade has seen Asia as an emerging leader of the medical tourism industry. This growth is fuelled by the availability of a variety of high quality and cost-effective medical procedures in Asia, improved connectivity and infrastructure and along with the presence of attractive locations to explore. The availability of advanced treatments in fields such as cardiology, neurology, orthopaedic, spine, ophthalmology along with aesthetics and alternative treatments like Ayurveda, Unani, Herbal and Yoga, makes Asia a sought-after destination. With private sector as the primary driver of medical tourism in this region, Asia has seen a faster growth of this industry vis-a-vis any other region globally. Many prominent healthcare providers in Asia are internationally accredited and have positioned themselves as distinguished service providers to patients from both within the region and far beyond. A market research on medical tourism industry anticipates the medical tourism market in Asia to cross USD 14 Billion by 2022 (iGATE Research, 2017 ). The research reports that Thailand, Singapore and India account for maximum proportion of international medical tourists in this region, followed by South Korea and Malaysia. Philippines and Taiwan are amongst other fast emerging markets in this sector. International patients contribute to a one-third or more of revenue in these private hospitals, and hence several private hospitals in this region are targeting this global world medical travellers’ market and have also gained a strong position for themselves in the industry (Mooter, 2017 ). An increased focus from government, foreign investment inflows and emerging startups are fueling up the competition not just between countries, but players as well. With the competition becoming stiffer, these countries and players are becoming more proactive in building their unique identifiers. Price is no longer the only factor of differentiation, countries are now looking at founding their proposition on parameters like diverse offerings, niche market, customized offering and even luxury (KPMG, 2014 ).

Medical Tourism Industry in India

Healthcare is amongst the largest and most complex sectors in India and is poised to touch USD 133.44 billion by 2020 (Outlook India, 2019 ). Healthcare in India is becoming one of biggest industries in terms of revenue generation and employment as well. Giving further impetus to this industry is the medical tourism sector which is bolstering the level of enhancements of care services in India. Table A1, as given in Supplementary Appendix file, states some basic facts related to the medical tourism industry in India. With its key differentiating factors of extremely competitive pricing, highly trained doctors, high quality care and availability of a range of treatments, India has realized the potential of medical tourism and positioned itself as one of the largest service providers in this region (Connell, 2013 ; KPMG, 2014 ; Medhekar et al., 2019 ). A study by KPMG India and Google, has pegged the medical travel industry in India at USD 4.8 Billion in 2017 (KPMG India & Google, 2018 ). The pre-Covid estimations expected the Indian medical tourism market to reach USD 13 billion by 2020 (KPMG India & Google, 2018 ). Despite the deliberative effects of Covid-19 on Travel and hospitality industry, the Indian medical tourism was estimated between USD 5–6 billion in 2021 (Financial Express, 2022 ). A right combination of cost efficiency and quality has driven the growth of this sector in India. Table A2, as given in supplementary appendix file, gives a comparative cost chart, for some common procedures, between India and other major medical tourism destination. Further the presence of a robust private sector, with international accreditations, has reinforced India’s standing. India offers a range of treatments from cardiology, neuro, paediatrics, ortho, ophthalmology, urology, gynaecology, general surgery, dental, cosmetics along with traditional healing options (Qadeer & Reddy, 2013 ). As per a report by Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, around 4,95,000 medical tourists travelled to India in 2017, with Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Iraq, Maldives being the top 5 source countries followed by Oman, Yemen, Uzbekistan, Kenya, Nigeria and Tanzania (Ministry of Tourism, 2018 ). In the following years larger share of travel is expected from Africa and GEC countries (KPMG India & Google, 2018 ).Realizing the opportunity, Government of India has taken a few initiatives to promote and encourage the growth of medical travel to the country. These include Government of India’s health tourism policy; setting up a ‘National Medical & Wellness Tourism Promotion Board’ for regulatory, accreditation and marketing issues; accreditation of hospitals under the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals; dedicated website to promote medical and wellness tourism; promotions at international platforms such as World Travel Mart London, ITB Berlin, ATM, etc.; coverage under Ministry of Tourism's ‘Incredible India Campaign’; introducing separate category of medical visas—‘M Visas’; a proposal for setting up tourism circuits, along with a medical circuit which will connect modern medicine centres and Ayurveda; providing fiscal support and other benefits under Market Development Assistance Scheme (MDA); and lowering import duties on medical technology, equipment and machinery (KPMG, 2014 ; Medhekar et al., 2019 ; Ministry of Tourism, 2018 ).

Key Dimensions of Medical Tourism Industry

This section presents the factors, as highlighted in the literature, that impact the development of medical tourism in a region. Cost and quality are considered amongst the most important dimensions of medical tourism industry (Aziz et al., 2015 ; Bagga et al., 2020 ; Cortez, 2008 ). Affordability and service quality of hospitality and tourism have also been considered as important attributes for a medical tourism destination (Chuang et al., 2014 ; Fetscherin & Stephano, 2016 ; Olya & Nia, 2021 ).

Several studies, e.g. Ghosh and Mandal ( 2019 ) and Fetscherin and Stephano ( 2016 ), have highlighted the importance of the type of treatments offered, medical facilities, practitioner competence, service quality and standards of medical care offered by the service providers (Kamassi et al., 2020 ). Technological upgradation and medical innovation are other important factors linked to the success in this sector (Cortez, 2008 ; Velasco et al., 2013 ). Literature also points towards the importance of trust, credibility, perception and hence the need for certification, international standards and accreditation (Debata et al., 2015 ; Hall, 2011 ; Seow et al., 2017 ).

Beladi et al. ( 2019 ) and Ebrahim and Ganguli ( 2019 ) have explored the role of human resource development and administrative efficiency. Infrastructure and facilities with regards to accommodation, transportation, communication are other important dimensions recognized for medical tourism (Heung & Kucukusta, 2013 ; Kamassi et al., 2020 ).

Country specific factors and attributes such as country knowledge, culture, language, accessibility, safety and security, have also been analysed (Bagga et al., 2020 ; Cham et al., 2021 ; Olya & Nia, 2021 ). Crouch and Ritchie ( 2005 ) in their study have highlighted the importance of socio-cultural and political environment of the destination country. Tourism-specific factors of the destination country, such as weather, attractions, culture and exoticness, have also been considered while studying the attractiveness of a medical tourism destination (Fetscherin & Stephano, 2016 ; Lovelock et al., 2018 ).

Medical tourism destination marketing, destination branding and tourism destination image have also been considered important with respect to the development of medical tourism in any region (Hoz-Correa & Muñoz-Leiva, 2019 ).

Studies have also observed public and private coordination and collaboration of the medical tourism stakeholders, to enhance the development of medical tourism sector (Beladi et al., 2019 ; Ebrahim & Ganguli, 2019 ). Government support and a favourable policy framework have been considered as important factors for this industry (Hall, 2011 ; Wang, 2012 ). Snyder et al. ( 2015 ) and Omay and Cengiz ( 2013 ) have specifically advocated the need for a regulatory framework and policy intervention to improve the efficiency coordination, uniformity and standardisation in this sector and promote the medical tourism industry (Momeni et al., 2018 ).

Methodology

Considering the emerging nature of this industry, qualitative approach was exercised to truly analyse the value proposition of India as a medical tourism destination. A qualitative framework encourages both theoretical and applied knowledge and aids in the development of novel and alternate theories (Bygrave, 1989 ; Creswell, 2013 ). Case study method was adopted to classify and analyse the dimensions that can position India as a prominent healthcare service provider for overseas patients. Merriam ( 2002 ) describes case study as a comprehensive description and examination of a phenomenon or a social unit of study. The case being studied becomes the boundary of the research, and by focussing on a single context this approach seeks to offer an extensive enquiry and meaning of the phenomenon under study (Creswell, 2007 ; Miles & Huberman, 1994 ; Yin, 2011 ). For the present research, context was bounded geographically and the problem at hand was thoroughly explored in the Delhi-NCR region. As also suggested by Stake ( 1995 ), a holistic analysis of medical tourism industry in Delhi NCR allowed for an instrumental way to investigate the phenomenon at a broader level in India.

The Case Study Context: Delhi NCR

This study was conducted in Delhi NCR, i.e. National Capital Region of India. It includes Delhi, officially the NCT, National Capital Territory in India and several other regions neighbouring it; Gurugram, NOIDA and Faridabad being the prominent ones. Delhi NCR has witnessed an unprecedented growth in both, the healthcare infrastructure and as well as services in this last decade. The presence of corporate majors like Fortis, Max, Apollo; high-end hospitals like Medanta, Artemis; day care surgery centres and specialised centres, such as for IVF, eye care, birthing centres; has enabled Delhi NCR to emerge as a healthcare hub (Kachhap, 2012 ). Increased activity from the new corporate players have also spurred the existing older players like BLK, Gangaram and Moolchand to revive and widen their portfolio. These healthcare brands are consistently working towards building a strong medical tourism sector. With its robust medical infrastructure, advanced medical specialities, competitive pricing and highly trained doctors, Delhi NCR is amongst the most prominent healthcare destinations in India for international patients. These hospitals provide valuable services to medical tourists, ranging from special wards and lounges for international patients and their companions, translator services, international cuisines, accommodation services and the like. Moreover, its connectivity, location and rich cultural heritage and presence of international standards of hospitality make Delhi NCR a prime tourist destination. These factors make Delhi NCR an important context for exploring the medical tourism industry in India as a whole.

Data Collection

The qualitative approach and exploratory nature of this study maintains that the researcher becomes an agency for data collection. This enables the researcher to get close to the social phenomenon being studied and enable a deeper understanding of the social reality (Bryman, 1988 ; Marshall & Rossman, 1995 ). This also gives researcher the flexibility to delve into the issues that emerge during the study. The qualitative data for this study was collected by the researchers through semi structured in-depth interviews with senior practitioners, and senior members of hospital management. Conducting interviews allowed the researchers to apprehend wide-ranging perspectives and experiences of respondents with regards to medical tourism.

Potential participants for interviews were identified through purposive sampling, to ensure appropriateness, purpose and rich information. Participants were selected from multi-speciality hospitals, offering healthcare services to medical tourists, and through ongoing referrals from interview participants. Table A3, as given in supplementary appendix file, gives a brief profile of the respondents of this study. As a wide-ranging guideline for qualitative design, the study did not look for an increasing number of cases but aimed to collect an extensive detail from each case under study (Creswell, 2007 ). For this research the number of participant cases to be studied was not predetermined. Instead, taking reference from Maykut and Morehouse ( 1994 ), as the study progressed and data was analysed, additional cases required were determined by the extent to which each additional case would contribute to the understanding of the research problem. Data collection was concluded when it was realised that the emerging issues and themes were getting “saturated” and no new data was being found (Creswell, 2007 ; Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ; Strauss & Corbin, 1990 , 1998 ). For this study data saturation occurred within 20 samples. Having a smaller sample size allowed the research to spend an extensive time with each case and encouraged that the understanding, of Delhi-NCR’s competitiveness as a medical tourism destination, which emerged was representative of the practitioners’ perspective (Shaw, 1999 ).

The interviews were conducted in the respondents’ hospitals. The interviews lasted for about 45 min. These were conducted face to face, were audio recorded, after checking with the participants, and later transcribed verbatim. Vital areas of concern were recognised after a thorough literature review on medical tourism and an appraisal of the dimensions of competitiveness of a medical tourism destination, identified by (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ). These served as the guide for conducting interviews.

Data Analysis

Data was analysed by means of constant comparison method as outlined by Glaser and Strauss ( 1967 ), Strauss and Corbin ( 1990 , 1998 ) and Creswell ( 2007 ). Accordingly, data collection and data analysis were done simultaneously. This allowed the researcher to make necessary adjustment to the research process, such as, sample selection, and testing the emerging themes or concepts with subsequent data (Merriam, 2002 ). This study has adopted the ‘abduction’ logic for data analysis. An abductive analysis approach emphasizes that instead of keeping all predefined theoretical concepts aside, a researcher should enter the field with a broad theoretical understanding and during the research process develop and build upon their theoretical repertoires (Timmermans & Tavory, 2012 ). As also proposed by Lichy et al. ( 2020 ), since the data set for this study was modest in size, coding was conducted manually.

The theoretical background referred to in this paper is a study, by the same authors, on the dimensions and drivers of medical tourism industry. (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) previously developed this paper based on a systematic review of empirical studies on the medical tourism industry globally. The purpose of the study was to identify and analyse the factors and dimensions that influence the competitiveness of a country as a medical tourism destination. Figure  1 outlines the dimensions identified by their study. These are structured around the domains of medical tourism opportunity and a country’s positioning, infrastructure and health human resource competence, care delivery, governance and regulatory framework.

Source: Malhotra & Dave ( 2022 )

Factors influencing a country’s medical tourism industry.

This study uses the extant structure to systemize its findings from research work in Delhi NCR that pursues an understanding on how the value proposition of medical tourism industry can be redefined here. This helps us explore the wider relevance of the proposed dimensions in the study by (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) and its implications in a specific context. By analysing the experiences of the practitioners from Delhi NCR, the study has able been able to identify an additional dimension that impact a medical tourism destinations’ competitiveness. This dimension is the role of medical facilitators and it has been included in the existing domain of Refined Delivery. Taken together, this has helped to emerge a more comprehensive range of dimensions that are relevant for the development of an advanced medical tourism destination.

This section organises the fieldwork findings around the dimensions outlined in the (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) study to identify any contrast and facilitate discussion on Delhi-NCR’s proposition as a medical tourism destination. These dimensions are: assessing a country’s competence as a medical tourism destination, successful positioning and government as a facilitator. While each of these dimensions have been considered independently, for analytical purpose, the apparent correlation between these three domains should be acknowledged. Along with this the discussion also includes respondents’ views on the opportunity assessment of medical tourism for India, its benefits and social implications.

Assessing Medical Tourism as an Opportunity

The ambiguity in the size or figures of the medical tourism market, as highlighted in the literature review, was also reported in the fieldwork of this study. Participants emphasised the concern regarding lack of data on the volume of value of this industry or the market shares. Almost all respondents saw medical tourism as an opportunity for India. They reflected that the market is increasing on a year-to-year basis and that there is a huge potential for the coming 5 to 10 years as well. The major reasons reported for India’s exponential growth in this segment is its clinical expertise, major cost competitiveness over other countries, conducive and friendly environment.

“Reason for the growth is that India has the advantage of being clinically excellent. Technology if not the best is at par with most other countries, our clinicians are trained abroad and they are returning back to practice in India. So clinical excellence has built up” (Respondent 9) “Indian hospitals are clinically sound, environment is conducive, we have a price point advantage over many other countries, then we speak a language that is understood, or getting people who speak their language is easier and cost effective” (Respondent 11)

Some of the respondents also highlighted the evolution in the medical tourism industry, with destination countries getting matured and looking to invest in their own healthcare infrastructure, new medical tourist hubs coming up and a growing impetus of value driven services.

“Very soon you’ll see, facilities there will be developed, clinicians from here will go and train their people. They will still carry back procedures, which cannot be done there, because of the environment, or which require critical post-op care.” (Respondent 14)

Assessing a Country’s Competence as a Medical Tourist Destination

A well-crafted strategy can lay the foundation for a competitive destination for medical tourism and creating an environment of holistic care for medical tourists. The study shows a consensus on the competence of India and specifically Delhi NCR as a healthcare provider.

Healthcare Infrastructure

In the last decade, Delhi NCR has seen the emergence of a robust private healthcare system. Most respondents agreed that Delhi-NCR’s healthcare infrastructure, if not superior, is at par with most other destinations. And that it is one of prominent drivers of medical tourism industry here.

“In purely technical terms of medical infrastructure, I think we are at par with both Singapore and Thailand, or any other country for that matters, where they have an edge over us?? I think it’s in terms of their overall infrastructure…their ethos of cleanliness for example. It takes us an effort to do that, whereas in a place like Singapore it’s given, so that’s the challenge for us Indians” (Respondent 9)

Refined Delivery

Respondents indicate a lack of streamlined and standardised care delivery. This includes not just healthcare services, but service touch points of travel, tourism, airport and hospitality. While Delhi NCR has an appeal over factors such as accommodation, cultural adaptability, language interpreters and general conduciveness, it still has a long way to go.

“Facilities and infrastructure in hospitals are no less than anywhere else, but I think the degree of professionalism can improve a lot. Our systems and processes are not as smooth as how they should be... like the whole process starts when a patient needs medical care in a certain country, so he gets in touch with a local hospital or agent in the source country who in turn gets in tough with the hospital here, that interface could be smoother.” (Respondent 11) “It’s not about their lack of trust on India’s healthcare system, its generally the perception of India as a country and safety of their travel. Say for e.g., patient addressal mechanism could be stronger.” (Respondent 6)

The ‘role of medical facilitators’ was not highlighted in (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) original framework. The research work in this study in the Delhi-NCR region, however, raised a number of critical systems impacts and policy implications regarding the role of medical facilitators or middlemen in the Indian medical tourism market. Participants demonstrated a consistent view regarding the prominent role of the facilitators in the medical value chain, in channelizing the international patients towards a particular country and subsequently a healthcare service provider. There was also a prevalent concern regarding the lack of transparency and regulation in the way these middlemen operate, quality of service delivered, corruption or any unethical practices, and most of all a lack of credibility. Participants expressed an apprehension on the way these facilitators impact the quality of care delivery or the overall experience of overseas patients.

“There are these middlemen, also known as facilitators, they form a very important but also the weakest link in this chain. There is no accountability, no regulation… all this can severely impact the service delivery and in turn our name, our credibility goes down” (Respondent 8)

Quality Driven by Standardized Protocols

Most respondents have recognised the importance of accreditation. Issue of safety and quality is a primary concern for the medical tourists. Delhi-NCR hospitals are accredited with both Indian standard of—National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH) and more importantly Joint Commission International (JCI).

“NABH is a recent Indian government initiative to get some sort of quality standardisation in the healthcare industry, it’s not as stringent as JCI, but at least some initiation has been done.” (Respondent 4) “We had our first international accreditation done in 2006 and now second one around 2011–12. The Indian NABH is comparable, but it’s fairly new and not recognised well in international market. Say JCI is well recognised internationally, so we have to get that done if we want to get recognition in the international healthcare industry. Though sometime one is not able to justify the cost incurred on these international accreditations, but still they are very important.” (Respondent 15)

Enhanced Healthcare Human Resource Development

Though Delhi-NCR’s hospitals are clinically competent, lack of skill at the paramedic level was felt by several; respondents. Most respondents reflected the need for superior training programmes for paramedics, and not just in specialities but also in general category and front staff. Only then will service quality standards be met. Respondents expressed the problem of lack of retention of trained paramedics and healthcare workforce.

“Areas of improvement for us would be paramedics. We don’t have training institutes; we need to have a much more vibrant infrastructure for skilling people. Skill development is not there. One excuse given here is the numbers we deal with makes it impossible to work on trainings…” (Respondent 8) “Doctors travel to enhance their skills, where is the exposure for paramedics? On the job training is never enough to improve their service standards.” (Respondent 2)

Coordination and Collaboration for a Superior Care Delivery

Most respondents highlighted a lack of coordination or participation at an industry level. Though several forums like FICCI, CII and the like have been recognised to have some level of representation, however these collaborations and partnerships are still at an early stage. An important reason highlighted was the clash of opinions between players. The industry is still at a fragmented state, where each hospital is strategizing to increase its share in the pie.

Successful Positioning

Most respondents spoke about the individual efforts and strategies, at the group hospital level. Each corporate is trying to position in the international market, in its own capacity. There are some efforts by the government as well in this regard.

“Yes, these corporate groups and other private players are strategizing for capturing medical tourism market, it is a big agenda for them.” (Respondent 5 )

By far, Delhi NCR has been able to position itself as a clinically competent and a cost-effective player. It also scores over other players in terms of its cultural adaptability and soft service skills. Indian doctors are considered more approachable.

“On the price that we are charging, the service that we are giving is very good. We have a patient from Canada, he tells us that our service quality, the kind of attention we give is far better than what they get in west. Because, here we give personal attention, people talk to you, they are ready to go out of their way to help you…” (Respondent 3)

Government as a Facilitator

There was a mixed opinion regarding the role of government as a facilitator. A majority of the respondents felt that government should stay out of the medical tourism sector and the system. They strongly felt that any kind of intervention or regulation by the government would hamper the growth of this industry in India.

“Thankfully govt doesn’t interfere, else the business would go down. As in case of many other sectors... the fact that govt has stayed away from this business like in case of IT sector, has helped the business to come to a certain level... the moment govt steps in, and starts the process of licencing, permits, accreditation. the whole system will come down… let this run as a free market interaction, cause that will bring the best quality at the lowest price… leave the market to its business...” (Respondent 7)

The other opinion recognises the government’s efforts in a positive state. They feel the government has stepped in whenever it needs to, for visa facilitation, rationalisation of visa costs as the like. Initiatives from government and regulatory bodies are required to make the system cleaner and more transparent.

“Regulation is like a double edge sword, it helps you in certain things, it harms you in certain ways. So as long as the regulations are crafted carefully, taking in to the considerations the infrastructure of the institutions…” (Respondent 15)

Social Implications and Benefits of Medical Tourism

The widely shared outlook demonstrated the positive impact of medical tourism on a country’s healthcare and tourism industry. Participants expressed a consistent vision of an overall upgradation of both healthcare and basic infrastructure in the country as a result of the fast-growing competition in the medical tourism market. The participants typically did not express a concern on the social implication of medical tourism industry on the domestic healthcare industry of India, however suggested a holistic outlook to the entire proposition.

“We should not ague on how encouraging medical tourism in India can have a negative impact in our own healthcare burden... If you see we have come a long way, our healthcare system, our medical expertise, technology, has progressed immensely… competition is good for any industry.” (Respondent 12) “If we talk about the impact of medical tourism on Indian healthcare industry, I should say it’s been a positive one… this proposition has added value, credibility and given us a global visibility. One can see a long-term benefit to the domestic industry, not just healthcare but other sectors as well, tourism, logistics, hospitality… Our overall standards of service and hospitality is increasing.” (Respondent 12)

Research aimed at exploring the sources of competitiveness, in a particular industry, for firms competing in international or regional markets (e.g., Momaya, 2019 ; Moon et al., 2015 ; Thompson et al., 2013 ) have emphasised the role of abilities, proprietary knowledge, innovation capability, sustainable business and economic model, technological innovation, pace of internationalisation, quality, business excellence and human resources. Based on our research and taking these factors into consideration, India’s capability as a medical tourism destination is assessed below and gap areas identified. Table 1 provides a synthesis of the growth drivers for India’s medical tourism industry and the opportunity scope.

With increasing significance of quality and outcomes of the service (Mishra & Sharma, 2021 ), ‘value’ has become the watchword for the healthcare industry. The term to be used here is then medical ‘value’ travel. The addressable market is huge and several countries are strategizing to tap into this opportunity. India’s needs to build a value proposition around the right combinations of cost and quality efficiency.

Clinical expertise and cost are primarily the two important drivers of medical tourism market in India (Ebrahim & Ganguli, 2019 ). It has an edge over other countries with respect to its cost competitiveness. With several prominent super speciality brand names, Delhi NCR has become a hub for medical tourism. The emergence of a robust private sector has significantly enhanced the quality and standards of healthcare. With the presence of clinical and technical expertise, and international standards, Delhi’s credibility as a medical destination is on a rise. Delhi also scores high on the parameters like cultural adaptability and soft skills. The surge in emerging unconventional formats of healthcare delivery and technological revolutions are further fuelling the growth of this industry in India.

Delhi’s holistic appeal as a medical travel destination is hampered by a significantly poor perception on factors such as safety, travel infrastructure, tourism experience and streamlined systems. There have been few initiatives from the government, however much work needs to be done. Regulatory initiatives are specifically required in the areas of transparent accreditation to prevent false claims and substandard care deliveries. Most of all there needs to be a streamlined effort to bring the industry together and work on common grounds of promotion, streamlined systems and travel infrastructure. The medical facilitators play a prominent role in the medical tourism value chain. However, there is an urgent need to define and regularise their position. The channel needs to be streamlined to promote transparency in the process and curtail any unethical and unfair practice that can impact the service outcome and in turn the overall credibility.

Delhi NCR, being the capital and focal point of major developments in the country, has significant scope for improvements in airport and travel infrastructure. As in case of the hospitality industry, service delivery standards need to get streamlined in healthcare industry as well. This would mean investing in training and retaining of paramedics, not just with specialities, but general nurses and staff well.

Industry to focus on brand building initiatives, driven by digital marketing solutions and user specific marketing campaigns. Industry can leverage from collaborative efforts of the stakeholders and public private partnerships to extend potentials of enhancing expertise, efficiency and investment. Most of all it is critical to focus on factors like safety, pollution, drinking water quality, sanitation and corruption to promote a strong positive image of the country that can positively impact medical tourism industry.

As the market is getting matured, industry dynamics are changing. ‘Value’ and ‘Sustainability’ have become the operative words around the world. India and specifically Delhi NCR can look at streamlining the medical value chain by adding and generating value at each touch point, both for India and the source country. With countries which are ready to step up their healthcare facilities, India can explore the option of ‘reverse medical travel’, where in Indian doctors can help set up facilities in the source countries and train their health resources. The complicated and serious procedures will still have to refered back to India, due to the nature of procedure or the critical post-op are required. Such initiatives have already started taking place, but at a minuscule scale. Indian healthcare system needs to take a giant leap towards leveraging the unconventional operating models and technological revolutions, building an ecosystem that encourages and supports innovation. Tapping the international market in a big way will further power this growth.

Limitations and Avenues for Future Research

Case study research has an inherent limitation of generalisability. This research is limited to redefining the value proposition of the medical tourism industry in the Delhi-NCR region only. However, to get an overall perspective of India as a destination, such a study needs to get extended to other major medical tourism hubs as well, such as Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai. Also, this study is limited to the surgical aspect of the medical tourism market. Further research could also focus on another growing segment of wellness tourism. Domestic tourism is also an important but a relatively unexplored area. Other micro-niche areas can be super-specialities such as cardiac, ortho, dental, or reproductive services. Facilitators for an important but a very weak link in the medical travel value chain. Further research could focus to either remove or to strengthen this link.

India’s evolution, as amongst the world’s most preferred medical tourist destinations, is expected to sustain a steady growth. This growth is driven by five major factors: cost competitiveness, medical expertise, quality of healthcare services, robust private sector and cultural adaptability. Even as these factors propel India forward, there are some major gaps to bridge. The most pressing concerns in front of the Indian medical tourism industry are paucity of an amenable policy framework, inadequate tourism and logistic infrastructure, unstandardized service quality standards, and India’s poor perception on macroeconomic factors such as corruption, environment quality, safety. To successfully build a future of envisioned growth, India must place a premium on a collaborative effort from all the stakeholders, to address these issues; a commitment to innovation and sustained inclusive growth.

As for the healthcare systems around the world, COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the foundations of Indian healthcare industry as well. With business and health restrictions, medical tourism industry also suffered the initial setback (Ayittey, 2020 ). Government, tourism companies and healthcare providers are struggling to remodel their business to adjust to current realities, withstand the pandemic and accelerate recovery. As the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic is not clear, the future remains uncertain. This pandemic and uncertainty around it have further intensified the need for the industry players to direct their focus on realignment and revaluation of their business models and work towards enhancing resilience and agility.

The purpose of this research is to analyse the factors that are crucial for India to identify, create and finally deliver a distinctive value proposition as medical tourism destination. Following a literature review and a qualitative study with Delhi NCR as a case, this research advances the medical tourism body of knowledge. The paper discusses the research process and the methodology adopted for the study in detail. Finally, the report analyses India’s, and specifically Delhi-NCR’s, competence as a medical tourist destination and synthesises the key growth drivers and opportunities for this industry.

Key Questions Reflecting Applicability in Real Life

What are the critical success factors in medical tourism industry?

What are the dimensions and factors that can help India increase its competitiveness as a medical tourism destination?

How can service providers ensure a steady growth of the medical tourism ecosystem, to ensure sustainability and competitiveness?

What role can policy support play for the medical tourism ecosystem in India and its competitiveness?

How has the Covid-19 Pandemic affected the medical tourism ecosystem? Which segment of the industry can rebound stronger in which cities?

Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

Code Availability

Code sharing is not applicable to this study as no new code was created or analysed in this study.

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Malhotra, N., Dave, K. An Assessment of Competitiveness of Medical Tourism Industry in India: A Case of Delhi NCR. JGBC 17 , 215–228 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42943-022-00060-0

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National Strategy and Roadmap for Medical and Wellness Tourism

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Source: PIB

  Context: With an aim to improve medical tourism in the country, the Ministry of Tourism has formulated a National Strategy and Roadmap for Medical and Wellness Tourism (2022).

Background: India has been ranked 10th in the Medical Tourism Index (MTI) for 2020-2021 out of 46 destinations in the world by the Medical Tourism Association.

Medical vs wellness tourism:

• Medical tourism (valued at $60-80 billion globally) primarily addresses the “ poor health ” end of the market, with patients travelling to another place for specific medical treatments.
• Wellness tourism (~$639 billion), on the other hand, attracts those seeking destinations that extend their wellness lifestyle and help them proactively maintain and improve their health and well-being.
• As far as medical tourism is concerned, India currently has a $5-6 billion market (2019 figure) that may rise to $13 billion by 2026.

Govt. efforts to boost the medical tourism sector in India:

Streamlining Medical Value Travel (MVT) : A segment that attracted 0.7 million foreign tourists in pre-pandemic 2019.

• MVT is a specialised service by Hospitals and Wellness centres including both modern as well as traditional systems of medicine.
• It involves healthcare service providers, VISA requirements, insurance, MVT facilitators, etc.

National Strategy and Roadmap for Medical and Wellness Tourism (2022): Key pillars for the development of MVT in the country:

• Develop a brand for India as a wellness destination
• Strengthen the ecosystem for medical and wellness tourism
• Enable digitalization by setting up an Online Medical Value Travel (MVT) Portal
• Enhancement of accessibility for Medical Value Travel
• Promoting Wellness Tourism
• Governance and Institutional Framework

Heal in India Initiative: The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Ministry of Ayush have been working with C-DAC and the Services Export Promotion Council for developing a One Step Heal in India portal for the Promotion of MVT.

Champion Service Sector Scheme: The Ministry of Ayush developed a Central Sector Scheme for MVT to incentivise private investors for the establishment of Super Specialty Hospitals, etc.

e-Tourist Visa scheme: It was liberalised and renamed as an e-Visa scheme and at present, it has e-Medical Visa and e-Medical Attendant Visa as sub-categories of e-visa.

National Medical & Wellness Tourism Board (NMWTB): The Ministry of Tourism constituted the Board in 2015 to provide a dedicated institutional framework to take forward the cause of promotion of Medical and Wellness Tourism.

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Medical Tourism In India: A Comprehensive Guide

Looking for top-notch medical treatments and a chance to explore a vibrant culture? Look no further than India, the ultimate destination for medical tourism. In our comprehensive guide, we will take you through all the ins and outs of this booming industry in India. From the world-class healthcare facilities to the diverse range of wellness options, we’ll uncover why India has become a sought-after hub for those seeking quality medical care coupled with an enriching cultural experience. So pack your bags and join us on this journey to discover the wonders of medical tourism in India.

Table of Contents

Overview of Medical Tourism in India

India has emerged as a top destination for medical tourism, attracting patients from all around the world seeking high-quality healthcare at affordable costs. With its state-of-the-art medical facilities, well-trained professionals, and a wide range of treatment options, India offers a comprehensive healthcare experience. From cardiac surgeries to orthopedic procedures, cosmetic surgeries to wellness treatments, India has become renowned for its expertise in various medical specialties.

India’s Emergence as a Top Medical Tourism Destination

Over the years, India has gained recognition as one of the leading hubs for medical tourism. The country offers advanced medical treatments at a fraction of the cost compared to Western countries. This has led to an increasing number of international patients traveling to India for their medical needs. The availability of world-class healthcare infrastructure, highly skilled doctors, and the use of cutting-edge technology has contributed to India’s growing reputation as a medical tourism hotspot.

Reasons Why People Choose Medical Tourism in India

There are several reasons why people choose medical tourism in India. Firstly, the affordability factor plays a significant role. Medical treatments in India are generally much cheaper compared to Western countries, making it an attractive option for patients looking to save on costs without compromising on quality. Secondly, India’s healthcare facilities are renowned for their high standards and state-of-the-art equipment. Patients can expect world-class treatment and care from experienced medical professionals. Lastly, India offers a diverse range of treatment options, making it a preferred choice for various medical specialties.

Major Cities and Hospitals for Medical Tourism in India

India’s major cities have established themselves as prominent destinations for medical tourism. Delhi, the capital city, is home to numerous renowned hospitals and healthcare facilities that cater to a vast array of medical needs. Mumbai, known as the financial capital, boasts of internationally acclaimed hospitals offering top-notch medical services. Bangalore, the IT hub of India, is also a popular choice due to its advanced healthcare infrastructure. Chennai and Kolkata are also worth mentioning for their well-established hospitals that provide world-class treatments.

Types of Medical Treatments Available in India

India offers a wide range of medical treatments across various specialties. Cardiology and cardiovascular surgeries are highly sought-after in India, with hospitals performing complex procedures with excellent success rates. Orthopedics and joint replacements are also prominent areas of expertise, with skilled surgeons providing advanced treatments. Cosmetic and plastic surgeries are another popular choice due to the affordability factor and the availability of skilled professionals. Additionally, India is known for its traditional healing practices, such as Ayurveda and wellness treatments, that attract those seeking holistic approaches to health.

Advantages of Medical Tourism in India

Affordability of medical treatments in india.

One of the primary advantages of medical tourism in India is the affordability factor. The cost of healthcare in India is significantly lower compared to Western countries, making it an attractive option for patients looking for cost-effective solutions without compromising on quality. Patients can often save up to 70% on medical treatments by choosing to undergo procedures in India. These savings can be utilized for other expenses, such as travel, accommodation, and post-treatment care.

High-Quality Healthcare Facilities and Infrastructure

India boasts world-class healthcare facilities and infrastructure that meet international standards. Renowned hospitals in India are equipped with state-of-the-art equipment and cutting-edge technology, ensuring that patients receive the best medical care possible. The healthcare sector in India continuously invests in upgrading infrastructure and adopting innovative practices, ensuring that patients have access to top-notch healthcare services.

Well-Trained and Experienced Medical Professionals

India is home to highly skilled and experienced medical professionals who have received training from prestigious institutions both within the country and abroad. Indian doctors and surgeons are known for their expertise, precision, and success rates in various medical procedures. Many doctors practicing in India have international exposure, further enhancing the quality of medical care offered.

Short Waiting Periods for Treatments

One of the significant advantages of medical tourism in India is the minimal waiting periods for treatments. In Western countries, patients often have to wait for extended periods to undergo certain medical procedures. However, in India, patients can experience shorter waiting times, allowing them to receive timely medical attention. This quick turnaround time is beneficial, especially for patients in need of urgent treatment or seeking relief from prolonged medical conditions.

Popular Destinations for Medical Tourism in India

India’s major cities serve as popular destinations for medical tourism due to their excellent healthcare infrastructure and expertise. Here are some key cities for medical tourism in India:

Delhi, the capital city, hosts numerous prestigious hospitals and medical centers. Renowned institutions such as All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and Apollo Hospitals offer a wide range of treatments and attract patients from all over the world.

Mumbai, the financial capital, is home to advanced healthcare facilities that provide cutting-edge treatments. Hospitals like Jaslok Hospital and Lilavati Hospital are known for their expertise in various medical specialties.

Bangalore, known as India’s Silicon Valley, has become a preferred choice for medical tourism due to its world-class hospitals and skilled medical professionals. Manipal Hospital and Fortis Hospital are among the renowned healthcare providers in the city.

Chennai is known for its advanced healthcare infrastructure and expertise in various medical fields. Apollo Hospitals, Sankara Nethralaya, and Fortis Malar Hospital are some of the leading hospitals in Chennai providing top-notch medical services.

Kolkata, the cultural capital, has several reputable hospitals that offer a wide range of medical treatments. Hospitals like Apollo Gleneagles Hospital and Fortis Hospital provide comprehensive healthcare services to both domestic and international patients.

Key Medical Specialties in India

India excels in various medical specialties, attracting patients from around the world seeking advanced treatment options. Here are some key medical specialties in India:

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgeries

India is renowned for its expertise in cardiac care and cardiovascular surgeries. Hospitals like AIIMS, Apollo Hospitals, and Fortis Escorts Heart Institute are known for their exceptional success rates in complex cardiac procedures.

Orthopedics and Joint Replacements

Orthopedic treatments and joint replacements are highly sought-after in India. Skilled orthopedic surgeons in hospitals such as Max Super Specialty Hospital and Narayana Health perform advanced procedures, providing relief to patients suffering from joint-related conditions.

Cosmetic and Plastic Surgeries

India is emerging as a popular destination for cosmetic and plastic surgeries, as it offers high-quality procedures at affordable prices. Skilled surgeons in hospitals like Apollo Cosmetic Clinic and Fortis Hospitals specialize in various cosmetic procedures, including rhinoplasty, liposuction, and breast augmentation.

Ayurveda and Wellness Treatments

India is world-renowned for its ancient healing system, Ayurveda. Many patients seeking holistic wellness and rejuvenation experiences choose India for Ayurvedic treatments. Wellness centers and hospitals like Kairali Ayurvedic Healing Village and Soukya International Holistic Health Center provide authentic Ayurvedic treatments and therapies.

Patient Experience and Care

India’s medical tourism industry places great emphasis on providing a seamless and comfortable experience for international patients. From pre-arrival planning to post-treatment follow-up, patients receive comprehensive care throughout their medical journey. Here are some aspects of patient experience and care:

Pre-Arrival Planning and Assistance

Medical tourism facilitators and hospitals in India assist patients with pre-arrival planning, including medical visa applications, scheduling appointments, and coordinating treatment plans. They serve as a point of contact, ensuring that all necessary arrangements are made for a smooth and hassle-free experience.

Accommodation and Transportation Arrangements

Medical tourists in India are provided with various accommodation options catering to different budgets and preferences. Many hospitals have tie-ups with nearby hotels, ensuring that patients have a comfortable stay during their treatment period. Additionally, transportation arrangements, including airport transfers and commuting to and from hospitals, are also taken care of by service providers.

Language and Translation Support

India acknowledges the diversity of its patient base and understands the importance of effective communication. Hospitals and medical tourism providers offer language assistance and translation services to overcome any language barriers that patients may face. This ensures clear communication between medical professionals and patients, minimizing any potential misunderstandings.

Post-Treatment Follow-Up and Care

After the completion of medical procedures, patients require post-treatment follow-up and care. Medical providers in India offer comprehensive post-treatment support, including consultations, medication management, and guidance on post-operative care. This ensures that patients have a smooth recovery process and receive the necessary guidance for long-term care.

Cost and Financial Considerations

One of the primary reasons patients opt for medical tourism in India is the significant cost savings compared to Western countries. Here are some important cost and financial considerations:

Comparison of Treatment Costs in India and Western Countries

Medical treatments in India are considerably cheaper compared to Western countries. Patients can save a substantial amount on their medical expenses by choosing to undergo procedures in India. Cost comparisons of specific treatments between India and Western countries can help patients make informed decisions regarding their healthcare.

Health Insurance Coverage and Reimbursement Options

Many international health insurance providers offer coverage for medical treatments in India. Patients are advised to check their insurance policies for details on coverage and reimbursement options. Medical tourism facilitators can assist in navigating insurance-related queries and providing guidance on reimbursement options.

Payment Methods and Currency Exchange

India accepts various modes of payment for medical treatments, including cash, credit cards, and wire transfers. Patients are advised to check with the hospital or medical tourism provider regarding accepted payment methods. Additionally, currency exchange services are available at airports and banks for patients who need to convert their currency to Indian Rupees.

Travel and Tourism in India

Medical tourists in India have the opportunity to explore the country’s rich cultural heritage and vibrant tourist attractions. Here are some details regarding travel and tourism in India:

Tourist Attractions and Cultural Experiences in India

India offers a myriad of tourist attractions, including historical monuments, UNESCO World Heritage sites, beautiful landscapes, and diverse cultural experiences. From the stunning Taj Mahal to the serene backwaters of Kerala, medical tourists can indulge in exploring India’s rich history and natural beauty.

Visa Requirements and Travel Arrangements

International patients visiting India for medical treatments are required to obtain a medical visa. The visa application process involves providing relevant medical documentation and an invitation letter from the hospital or medical tourism provider. Medical tourism facilitators can assist patients in the visa application process and provide guidance on any additional travel requirements.

Local Transportation and Tour Guides

India has a well-developed transportation network, offering various options for local travel during medical tourism visits. Taxis, app-based cab services, and public transportation are easily accessible in major cities. Additionally, hiring a tour guide can enhance the experience, providing insights into local culture, traditions, and places of interest.

Safety and Quality Assurance

India’s healthcare industry places great emphasis on safety and quality assurance to ensure the well-being of patients. Here are some aspects of safety and quality assurance:

Accreditation and Certification of Hospitals in India

Many hospitals in India are accredited by organizations such as the Joint Commission International (JCI) and the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). These accreditations ensure that hospitals meet international standards of patient care, safety, and quality.

Patient Safety Standards and Procedures

Safety protocols and procedures are in place to ensure the well-being of patients. From infection control measures to stringent quality control systems, hospitals in India prioritize patient safety. Experienced medical professionals follow established guidelines and protocols to deliver safe and effective healthcare.

Tips for Choosing a Reliable Medical Tourism Provider

When choosing a medical tourism provider in India, it is essential to consider factors such as reputation, experience, and patient reviews. Researching the provider’s track record, affiliations with reputed hospitals, and the expertise of their medical professionals can help patients make informed decisions. Additionally, seeking recommendations from trusted sources or engaging with medical tourism facilitators can provide valuable insights into reliable service providers.

Cultural Sensitivity and Etiquette

Being culturally sensitive and observing proper etiquette is crucial when seeking medical treatment in a foreign country like India. Here are some aspects of cultural sensitivity and etiquette to keep in mind:

Understanding Indian Culture and Norms

India is a diverse country with varying cultural practices and norms. Familiarizing oneself with basic aspects of Indian culture, such as greetings, gestures, and dress codes, can help patients navigate social interactions smoothly. Respecting and embracing the local culture can contribute to a positive and enriching experience.

Etiquette for Interacting with Medical Professionals

Maintaining a respectful and courteous attitude when interacting with medical professionals is important. Addressing doctors and medical staff with the appropriate honorifics, asking relevant questions, and carefully following their instructions showcase an understanding of professional customs and foster a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Respecting Local Customs and Traditions

India is known for its rich traditions, customs, and religious practices. Being mindful of local customs and traditions, such as removing footwear before entering certain spaces or following appropriate dress codes in religious sites, showcases respect for the local culture. Adhering to these customs can foster positive interactions with locals and add to the overall experience.

Medical tourism in India offers a comprehensive healthcare experience, combining world-class treatments with a vibrant cultural immersion. With its affordable costs, high-quality healthcare facilities, well-trained professionals, and a diverse range of medical specialties, India has emerged as a top destination for patients seeking advanced medical treatments. The country’s major cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and Kolkata, offer excellent healthcare infrastructure and expertise. From cardiac surgeries to cosmetic procedures and traditional healing practices, India caters to various medical needs. With a focus on patient experience and comprehensive care, medical tourists receive assistance in pre-arrival planning, accommodation arrangements, language support, and post-treatment follow-up. The affordability factor, along with the high quality of healthcare, makes India an attractive choice for medical tourism. As the industry continues to evolve and advancements are made, the future of medical tourism in India looks promising. Whether it is for a specific medical procedure or a wellness retreat, exploring medical tourism in India can provide an excellent healthcare experience coupled with a glimpse into the country’s rich culture and heritage.

Indian Culture Team

India Medical Tourism Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2024 - 2029)

India's Medical Tourism Market is segmented by treatment type (dental treatment, cosmetic treatment, cardiovascular treatment, orthopedic treatment, neurological treatment, cancer treatment, fertility treatment, and others) and service provider (public and private). The report offers market size and forecasts in value (USD) for the above segments.

• India Medical Tourism Market Size

Need a report that reflects how COVID-19 has impacted this market and its growth?

India Medical Tourism Market Analysis

The India Medical Tourism Market size is estimated at USD 7.69 billion in 2024, and is expected to reach USD 14.31 billion by 2029, growing at a CAGR of 13.23% during the forecast period (2024-2029).

The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak significantly impacted the India Medical Tourism Market, like the global healthcare industry. The pandemic led to widespread travel restrictions and lockdowns, severely limiting patients' ability to travel for medical treatment and resulting in a decline in medical tourism. The India Medical Tourism Market was also affected by decreased demand for non-essential medical procedures, as patients prioritized their safety and avoided unnecessary travel. Many medical facilities were also repurposed to treat Covid-19 patients, limiting the availability of medical services for foreign patients.

India became a popular destination for medical tourism due to its advanced healthcare facilities, skilled healthcare professionals, and lower costs of medical treatments compared to developed countries. The India Medical Tourism Market offers various medical services, including cardiac surgery, organ transplantation, cosmetic surgery, dental care, and traditional medicine. The Indian government implemented various policies and initiatives to promote medical tourism, such as streamlined visa processes and developing specialized medical tourism zones. In addition, India includes a large pool of English-speaking doctors and nurses, which makes it easier for patients from English-speaking countries to communicate with their healthcare providers.

• India Medical Tourism Market Trends

Increase in the Number of Medical Tourists in India is Driving the Market

India saw a significant increase in medical tourists over the past few years. One of the primary reasons is the country's advanced medical facilities, which offer world-class treatments and procedures at a fraction cost of comparable treatments in other countries. This cost-effectiveness made India an attractive destination for patients seeking affordable healthcare. The country includes a large pool of highly trained medical professionals like doctors, surgeons, and nurses skilled in the latest medical procedures and techniques. This expertise and the country's advanced medical facilities made India a popular destination for specialized treatments such as organ transplants, cardiac surgeries, and orthopedic surgeries.

One of the most critical factors is low-cost treatment by esteemed hospitals in India. People usually look for similar treatment in nations that can provide it cheaper. Apart from that, in some countries, obtaining a visa requires a lengthy process. Due to the low-cost treatments available in India, it ranks at number 7 amongst the 20 wellness tourism markets, with over 560 lacs trips made to India for medical value tourism generating USD 16.3 billion in revenue. It also ranks at number 3 in wellness-focused countries in the Asia-Pacific.

Expansion of Healthcare Infrastructure in India is Driving the Marekt

India saw a significant expansion in its healthcare infrastructure over the past few years. This expansion is driven by public and private investment in healthcare and government initiatives to improve healthcare access and quality across the country. One of the key areas of expansion in healthcare infrastructure in India is the construction of new hospitals and healthcare facilities. Many new hospitals and healthcare centers were built nationwide, particularly in urban areas, to meet the growing healthcare service demand. These facilities are equipped with the latest medical equipment and technologies and staffed by highly trained medical professionals.

In addition to new hospitals, India saw an expansion in its healthcare workforce. The government launched several initiatives to increase the number of healthcare professionals in the country, including training programs for doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers.

Another expansion area in India's healthcare infrastructure is the development of telemedicine and other digital health technologies. These technologies allow patients in remote areas to access healthcare services and consultations from doctors and specialists elsewhere in the country. It helped improve healthcare access and quality in underserved areas and made healthcare services more convenient and accessible for patients.

Overall, expanding healthcare infrastructure in India helped improve healthcare access and quality nationwide, making it easier for patients to access the necessary treatments and services. With continued investment and government support, India's healthcare infrastructure is poised for further growth in the coming years, which will help to improve healthcare outcomes for patients across the country.

India Medical Tourism Industry Overview

The Indian Medical Tourism Market is fragmented. Each country includes unique attractions and tourism offerings, resulting in diverse travel options for visitors. India's top medical tourism destinations are Mumbai, Chennai, New Delhi, Ahmedabad, and Bangalore. The major players in this market are Clinicspots, Vaidam, MediConnect India, Forerunners Healthcare, and Mediniq.

India Medical Tourism Market Leaders

Clinicspots

MediConnect India

Forerunners Healthcare

*Disclaimer: Major Players sorted in no particular order

India Medical Tourism Market News

• January 2023: Alpine Health Systems launched a new AI-powered solution to streamline complex hospital discharge with OSF HealthCare and High Alpha Innovation support. The platform allows case managers to quickly identify at-risk patients and safely transition to an appropriate care site.
• August 2022: Apollo Hospitals Enterprise, India's first multi-specialty, announced the acquisition of a hospital asset in Gurugram from Nayati Healthcare and Research for a consideration of around INR 450 crore (USD 6.075 Million).

India Medical Tourism Market Report - Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition

1.2 Scope of the Study

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4. MARKET DYNAMICS AND INSIGHTS

4.1 Market Overview

4.2 Market Drivers

4.3 Market Restraints

4.4 Industry Value Chain Analysis

4.5 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Forces Analysis

4.5.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers

4.5.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers

4.5.3 Threat of New Entrants

4.5.4 Threat of Substitutes

4.5.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

4.6 Insights on Key Trends and Recent Developments in the Market

4.7 Impact of COVID-19 on the Market

5. MARKET SEGMENTATION

5.1 By Treatment Type

5.1.1 Dental Treatment

5.1.2 Cosmetic Treatment

5.1.3 Cardiovascular Treatment

5.1.4 Orthopedic Treatment

5.1.5 Neurological Treatment

5.1.6 Cancer Treatment

5.1.7 Fertility Treatment

5.1.8 Others

5.2 By Service Provider

5.2.1 Public

5.2.2 Private

6. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

6.1 Market Concentration Overview

6.2 Company Profiles

6.2.1 Clinicspots

6.2.2 Vaidam

6.2.3 MediConnect India

6.2.4 Forerunners Healthcare

6.2.5 Mediniq

6.2.6 Global Treatment Services

6.2.7 Health Opinion

6.2.8 ANAVARA

6.2.9 Tour2India4Health

6.2.10 Apollo Hospital*

• *List Not Exhaustive

7. MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS

8. DISCLAIMER AND ABOUT US

India Medical Tourism Industry Segmentation

Medical tourism is traveling to another country to obtain medical treatment or procedures. It may be done for various reasons, such as seeking lower costs for medical care, accessing treatments or procedures that may not be available in one's home country, or avoiding long waiting lists for certain medical procedures.

India Medical Tourism Market Research FAQs

How big is the india medical tourism market.

The India Medical Tourism Market size is expected to reach USD 7.69 billion in 2024 and grow at a CAGR of 13.23% to reach USD 14.31 billion by 2029.

What is the current India Medical Tourism Market size?

In 2024, the India Medical Tourism Market size is expected to reach USD 7.69 billion.

Who are the key players in India Medical Tourism Market?

Clinicspots, Vaidam, MediConnect India, Forerunners Healthcare and Mediniq are the major companies operating in the India Medical Tourism Market.

What years does this India Medical Tourism Market cover, and what was the market size in 2023?

In 2023, the India Medical Tourism Market size was estimated at USD 6.79 billion. The report covers the India Medical Tourism Market historical market size for years: 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023. The report also forecasts the India Medical Tourism Market size for years: 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028 and 2029.

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India Medical Tourism Industry Report

Statistics for the 2024 India Medical Tourism market share, size and revenue growth rate, created by Mordor Intelligence™ Industry Reports. India Medical Tourism analysis includes a market forecast outlook to 2029 and historical overview. Get a sample of this industry analysis as a free report PDF download.

India Medical Tourism Market Report Snapshots

• India Medical Tourism Market Share
• India Medical Tourism Companies

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Medical Tourism in India Statistics 2024

Discover the allure of healthcare journeys with our engaging insights – Medical Tourism in India Statistics unpacked for your informed decisions and transformative experiences.

• Cosmetic And Plastic Surgery
• Hair Transplant Procedure

By Priyanka Dutta Deb

28th Jan '22

India is a popular destination for medical tourism, attracting around 2 million patients annually from 78 countries. These patients come for various treatments including medical, wellness, and IVF . This industry is valued at USD 7.69 billion in 2024 , is set to reach USD 14.31 billion by 2029 with a robust CAGR of 13.23% . 

Despite pandemic setbacks, the industry is rebounding, anticipating a 20% growth rate from 2023 to 2027. India is globally ranked 10th for medical tourism. Cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad provide excellent healthcare at affordable prices.

The diverse range of sought-after procedures includes cardiac surgery, orthopedics, cosmetic surgery, and dental care. India stands as a preferred destination for cost-effective, high-quality medical treatments, reinforcing its global prominence in the medical tourism landscape.

Did You Know? India ranks 10th out of 46 countries in the prestigious Medical Tourism Index 2020-21.

Is Medical Tourism Legal in India?

The answer is yes, Medical Tourism is completely legal in India. 

The governance of The National Medical and Wellness Tourism Board, the Quality Council of India, and the Ministry of AYUSH, ensures that NABH and Healthcare providers are functioning efficiently in the patient's interest to increase the nation's credibility in the healthcare sector.

Why is India Famous for Medical Tourism?

India's medical tourism industry has seen a major boom in recent years, and for good reason! Here are some of the key factors that make India a global leader in medical tourism:

1. Budget-Friendly Care: Medical treatment in India is significantly cheaper compared to developed nations. This affordability stems from lower labor costs and government subsidies. Imagine, a heart bypass costing $100,000 in the US would only set you back about $15,000 in India!

2. Top-Tier Expertise: India boasts a vast pool of skilled and experienced doctors and surgeons, many trained in the West. Their expertise coupled with well-equipped JCI and NABH accredited hospitals ensures world-class treatment and technology.

3. Language Ease: English is widely spoken in India, eliminating communication barriers and ensuring smooth interaction with medical professionals. No need for translators!

4. Traditional Touch: India's rich heritage of traditional medicine like Ayurveda and yoga attracts tourists seeking a holistic approach to healthcare. These ancient practices complement modern treatments for a comprehensive wellness experience.

5. Tourist Delights: Beyond healthcare, India's vibrant culture and historical marvels like the Taj Mahal and picturesque Goan beaches entice medical tourists to combine treatment with leisure.

6. Government Backing: Recognizing the industry's potential, the Indian government actively promotes medical tourism. They've facilitated entry by introducing medical visas and streamlining visa applications.

7. Evolving Trends: The dynamic medical tourism scene in India constantly evolves. Wellness tourism focusing on preventive care and holistic well-being, and the growing popularity of cosmetic surgery are some exciting trends.

Wondering how cost-effective medical tourism in India truly is? Let's break it down.

How Cost-Effective is Medical Tourism in India?

India's medical tourism scene boasts an undeniable advantage: remarkable cost-effectiveness . Compared to developed nations like the US and Europe, you can often save a staggering 60-80% on procedures. This affordability, driven by various factors, lures medical tourists seeking high-quality care without breaking the bank.

• Heart bypass surgery: In the US, prepare to pay upwards of $100,000, while in India, it could be just $15,000 ( 75% saving )!
• Orthopedic surgery: Knee replacement, exceeding $30,000 in the US, can be found for around $7,000 in India ( 76% cost reduction ).
• Cosmetic surgery: Rhinoplasty, priced at $10,000 in the US, can be obtained for roughly $3,000 in India ( 70% saving ).
• Dental care: Even routine procedures like dental implants, costing $4,000 in the US, can be done for $1,000 in India ( 75% saving ).

Why such low prices? Because,

• Lower labor costs: Indian medical professionals generally have lower salaries, translating to reduced treatment costs.
• Government subsidies: The Indian government actively supports medical tourism by providing subsidies to hospitals and clinics, further lowering treatment costs.
• Competition: A thriving medical tourism industry fosters healthy competition among healthcare providers, driving down prices for patients.

But wait, does affordability compromise quality? Absolutely not!

• Skilled professionals: India boasts a large pool of highly qualified and experienced doctors and surgeons, many trained in Western institutions.
• Advanced technology: JCI and NABH-accredited hospitals in India employ cutting-edge medical technology and equipment, ensuring world-class treatment.
• Strict regulations: Stringent regulations and accreditations ensure adherence to international quality and safety standards. 

Which Treatments are Preferred for Medical Tourism in India?

The government of India has set up facilitation centers for international tourists in Delhi, Mumbai , Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Goa, and Kolkata.

These metro cities have been selected due to their:

• International connectivity
• ease of intercity commutation
• state-of-the-art infrastructure hospitals
• renowned and established doctors
• compassionate caregivers
• food for all ethnicity
• and affordable accommodation for pre and post-operative stay till you heal.

COVID-19 was a wake-up call for the country's failing infrastructure in tier II and tier III cities and rural development.

The government of India was quick to act on this shortfall and made special provisions for loans to build healthcare infrastructure in these cities.

Loans to the Hospitals and Hospitality Sector 

India recognizes the immense potential of medical tourism and actively champions its expansion through various initiatives.A key part of this plan involves providing loans to hospitals and the hospitality sector. This financial support helps boost infrastructure, expand services, and meet the needs of more medical tourists.

Key Loan Schemes:

• TFCIL Term Loans: Offered by the Tourism Finance Corporation of India Ltd., these loans support setting up, expanding, or modernizing hospitals, resorts, and various hospitality establishments.
• Developing Medical Tourism Hubs: The government is investing a huge $14.8 billion to improve hospitals and support the tourism industry. The goal is to create outstanding medical tourism hubs in India with the latest technology and skilled professionals.
• Market Development Assistance (MDA) Scheme: The Ministry of Tourism's updated MDA scheme gives financial help to medical tourism service providers. This support helps with marketing and promotions, making it easier to attract international patients to India.

Benefits of these Loan Schemes:

• Enhanced Facilities: Upgraded hospitals and hospitality establishments elevate the medical tourism experience, attracting more patients.
• Increased Capacity: Loans enable expansion of healthcare services and accommodation options, catering to the rising demand from medical tourists.
• Job Creation: The medical tourism sector's growth leads to job creation in both healthcare and hospitality, boosting the economy.
• Global Competitiveness: By providing financial support, the government helps Indian hospitals and hospitality providers compete with international destinations.

Looking for the best medical tourism company in India? Well, look no further. Let me introduce you to a standout option that consistently delivers exceptional services.

Which is the Best Medical Tourism Company in India?

India has many medical tourism companies operating 24*7 to provide services to medical tourists. Some of the best medical tourism companies are listed below for your reference.

• Vaidam, Gurgaon, India
• Clinicspots, Mumbai, India
• We Care Health Services, Mumbai, India
• ARINAA Medical Tourism, Chennai, India
• Mediniq, Bangalore, India.
• Alphine Life Solutions, Mumbai, India
• MediConnect India, New Delhi, India
• TransEarth Medical Tourism, Mumbai, India
• Health Opinion, Tamilnadu, India
• ANAVARA, Chennai, India

Technological Advancement in Medical Tourism in India

• AI analyzes medical data for accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans.
• Robotic surgery with AI ensures precision, minimal scarring, and faster recovery.
• Administrative tasks like scheduling and billing are streamlined with AI automation.
• Virtual consultations offer remote access to doctors, making healthcare more accessible.
• Wearable devices enable remote monitoring, ensuring proactive interventions.
• Post-operative telemedicine ensures continuous care and support for patients.
• AR/VR revolutionizes medical education with realistic simulations for professionals.
• AR/VR educates patients about medical conditions and treatment options interactively.
• VR experiences assist in pain management and anxiety reduction during procedures.
• Blockchain ensures secure storage and sharing of patient medical data.
• Smart contracts automate insurance claims, enhancing efficiency and security.
• Patients have secure access to complete medical records, empowering effective health management.
• Digital tools enable targeted advertising and content marketing for healthcare providers.
• Patient portals and apps facilitate appointment booking and direct communication with doctors.
• Virtual tours and online reviews build trust and attract international patients.

Future of Medical Tourism in India

The future of medical tourism in India shines bright, brimming with exciting possibilities and fueled by continuous growth and adaptation. Here's a glimpse into what lies ahead for this thriving industry:

Exponential Growth:

• The market is expected to reach a staggering USD 26.7 billion by 2032 , a testament to its sustained momentum. 
• Growth is projected to be driven by factors like rising healthcare costs in developed nations, increased awareness of medical tourism opportunities, and continuous improvement in India's healthcare infrastructure.

Specialization Takes Center Stage:

• Hospitals and clinics will increasingly specialize in niche treatment areas to cater to specific patient segments. This specialization will attract patients seeking cutting-edge expertise and superior care for complex conditions.
• Areas like oncology, organ transplants, and personalized medicine are likely to witness significant growth within the specialized medical tourism landscape.

Tech Revolutionizes Healthcare

1. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

• AI transforms healthcare by enabling accurate diagnoses, personalized treatment plans, and improving administrative processes.

2. Telemedicine

• Growing popularity of telemedicine for remote consultations, enhancing healthcare accessibility and convenience globally.

3. Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR)

• VR/AR technologies revolutionize medical education, elevating the skills of healthcare professionals in India.

Wellness Blends with Modern Medicine

1. Wellness Tourism

• Rising trend integrates conventional treatment with Ayurveda, yoga, and naturopathy for a holistic healthcare approach.

2. Preventive Care

• Focus on preventive care and overall well-being attracts health-conscious individuals seeking transformative experiences.

Sustainability Takes Root

1. Responsible Practices

• Emphasis on environmentally sustainable and ethically responsible medical tourism practices.

Initiatives

• Eco-friendly hospital operations, fair compensation for professionals, and transparent pricing ensure industry success.

2. Government Continues to Support

Active Role

• Indian government's ongoing support through increased investments in infrastructure, healthcare workforce training, and marketing initiatives.

Digitalization and Collaboration

• Focus on digitalization, streamlined visa processes, and international collaborations to strengthen India's medical tourism standing.

Overall, the future of medical tourism in India is marked by growth, driven by specialization, technology, holistic health, and government backing. Embracing innovation, and sustainability, and prioritizing patient well-being positions India as a global leader, offering accessible, high-quality healthcare experiences worldwide.

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Question and Answers

I had a breast reduction and double liposuction 8 days ago. if I smoke weed today will that mess with my healing badly? I still have sutures in and like partially opens insisions you know

Female | 19

It's important not to smoke weed after a breast reduction and liposuction. Healing can be affected by this which may cause a slow healing process or more risks for infection. Oxygen flow will decrease when you smoke marijuana preventing proper tissue healing in turn leads to your body not getting enough oxygen that it needs for proper healing process.

Answered on 3rd May '24

Dr. Ashish Khare

Hello, i am 26 years old old boy. sorry for saying this. Is Any way to Cut off peni head. It was important for me. Is that dangerous or is there any side effect? Sorry for saying this. Reason, for more spiritual life. Like watching, caring, engage with others. And i am sure about this. And it was take me into other kind of life

Re­moving the penis head, also calle­d circumcision is surgery that cuts off the foreskin tip cove­ring. It's usually done for cultural, faith, or health reasons. Some­ think it aids hygiene, cuts infection risk, and lowe­rs disease odds. It's see­n as safe when expe­rts do it properly and cleanly. But like any op, dange­rs exist: bleeding, infe­ctions, feeling changes. So, discuss with a plastic surgeon to grasp the­ prospective perks and dange­rs before deciding.

Answered on 26th Apr '24

Dr. Vinod Vij

How much price for height increase with magnet system?

Height is typically inhe­rited from relatives. Magne­ts lack ability to make you taller. Some false­ly claim magnets aid growth, but this isn't accurate. Eating nutritious foods, exe­rcising frequently, and slee­ping sufficiently contribute to reaching your maximum pote­ntial height. 

Answered on 24th Apr '24

Which medicine are required for gynecomastia

To treat gynecomastia, doctors may say to stop me­dicines causing it. In severe­ cases, surgery may help re­duce breast growth. Sometime­s medicines like Tamoxife­n are prescribed to shrink bre­ast tissue. You should discuss with a plastic surgeon the best tre­atment option for your condition.

Answered on 19th Apr '24

I have a very small breast size I want to increase it

Female | 18

You need to realize that essentially genetics and hormone levels have the largest effect on the size of the breast. Currently, there is no documented terminology for natural techniques to significantly enlarge breast size. If you are worried about your breast size, you should meet a licensed plastic surgeon who specializes in breast augmentation to learn more about available options.

Answered on 16th Apr '24

Dr. Deepesh Goyal

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Medical Tourism in India

Last updated on January 14, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

Medical tourism is described as any activity that involves a foreign visitor traveling and spending at least one night at the destination to rejuvenate, restore, or maintain health through medical intervention. Since the last decade of the 20th century, India has emerged as a global leader in the medical tourism sector. Read here to learn about the growth of medical tourism in India.

Over the past decade, India has gained a reputation for providing high-quality medical service at low costs to medical tourists traveling from across the globe.

However, with the travel bans during the covid-19 pandemic , the influx of medical tourists had dipped. According to the Tourism Ministry, India registered a negative growth of 79.4% in 2020.

Although, the situation looks positive once more owing to the efforts made to handle the pandemic situation. Market insights suggest the demand forecast to increase at a robust 19 % CAGR in 2022.

Table of Contents

Medical tourism in India

India’s healthcare industry offers a combination of both modern and traditional forms of medicine which sets the country apart from others.

• First, it has a set of world-class doctors and hospitals that provide treatment at fractional rates when compared to other countries.
• Secondly, India’s systems of medicine: AYUSH i.e., Ayurveda, Yoga, Panchakarma, Rejuvenation Therapy, etc, which are the most ancient forms of medicine, are now gaining immense popularity globally.

The government also recently announced plans to launch an AYUSH Mark which is a mark to provide credibility to AYUSH products in India and promote India’s medical tourism sector.

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Additionally, the other medical services and facilities are also backed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA).

India’s healthcare industry has advanced significantly over the past 30 years, as seen by the notable accomplishments it has made.

• One of the industries that have contributed the most to revenue and are expanding quickly is healthcare.
• Both public and private providers support the healthcare industry. Over the past few years, national health policies have been crucial in establishing a more inclusive healthcare system to achieve structured Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
• In addition, India provides less expensive treatment alternatives than the US and the UK without sacrificing the standard of healthcare. About one-fourth, less is spent on therapy in India than it is in the United States.

In terms of alternate medical treatment, the Indian medical treatment systems of yoga, ayurveda, rejuvenation therapy, and panchakarma are among the most ancient methods of medical treatment in the world.

The southern state of Kerala has developed medical tourism services as one of its core products for promoting tourism in the region.

Based on the Medical Tourism Index 2020-21, India is ranked 10th out of the top 46 countries, 12th out of the world’s top 20 wellness tourism markets, and 5th out of 10 wellness tourism destinations in Asia-Pacific.

• India boasts 39 Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited and 657 National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH) accredited hospitals.

India holds an advantage as a medical tourism destination due to the following factors:

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• Most of the doctors and surgeons at Indian hospitals are trained or have worked at some of the medical institutions in the US, Europe, or other developed nations.
• Most doctors and nurses are fluent in English.
• Top-of-the-line medical and diagnostic equipment from global international conglomerates is available at many Indian hospitals.
• Indian nurses are among the best in the world. Nearly 1000 recognized nurses-training centers in India, mostly attached to teaching hospitals, graduate nearly 10,000 nurses annually.
• Even the most budget-conscious traveler can afford first-rate service and luxury amenities

Most of the tourists are from Asian or African countries such as Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives, Indonesia, and Kenya, among others.

Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Ahmedabad, and Bengaluru are the top 5 medical tourism destinations in India.

Wellness tourism

Wellness Tourism includes travel for a less stressful lifestyle, promoting a healthier, and finding balance in one’s life.

Ayurveda, Yoga, meditation, Panchakarma, and Rejuvenation Therapy are among the most ancient systems of medical treatment in India and the best way to promote Wellness Tourism.

The Ministry of Tourism has drafted guidelines for wellness tourism. These guidelines address issues regarding making available quality publicity material, training and capacity building for the service providers, participation in international & domestic Wellness related events, etc.

Mushrooming of wellness centers in the country has given rise to the concern for quality service.

• The Guideline for the Accreditation of wellness centers has been developed by National Board for Accreditation of Hospitals & Healthcare Services (NABH) in consultation with AYUSH and released during the workshop on wellness tourism organized by the Ministry of Tourism in 2011.
• The Ministry of Tourism has also extended its Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme to wellness tourism service providers including accredited wellness centers.

Impact of Covid-19 on medical tourism

Planned hospital operations decreased by as much as 80% during the state-wide lockdown in India caused by the new coronavirus outbreak, while unplanned systems decreased by 66%.

With the government of India’s assistance, the healthcare sector launched a comprehensive response strategy to combat the epidemic.

• Specialized COVID-19 hospitals and isolation facilities were established, and resource mapping using technology was started.
• The Indian government created several programs and used technology to combat the pandemic.
• The Aarogya Setu app was utilized across the nation to improve contact tracing, syndromic mapping, and infection self-evaluation.
• India not only met its own needs but also stepped up to help other nations during these difficult times.

Despite having several initiatives in place, the Medical Tourism industry of the country still faces some serious challenges.

• One of the major challenges that India is facing is promoting and creating awareness about state-of-the-art facilities in India.
• India is witnessing strong competition from destinations like Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Turkey, and South Korea with low-cost options.
• In India, there is a lack of cohesiveness amongst the major players in the industry to come together and represent India on a world platform to acquire newer customers.
• Apart from these, inconsistent fee structure and lack of transparency in billing to foreign patients, and absurdly high margins to trade to refer patients are some of the challenges.
• Most Indian hospitals are also facing a lack of trust from foreign patients. The hospitals have observed poor hygiene awareness in medical attendants, unhygienic food handling, and lack of good hospitality services, heterogeneous pricing of services, and industry standards.

The government can play a vital part to upgrade the medical tourism sector. But the industry is facing the following problems which are caused by the governments. They are:

• no regulations
• taxation anomalies
• bureaucratic roadblocks
• no work on land reforms
• lack of long-term investor-friendly policies
• instability concerning terrorism and communal tensions.

On the part of insurance and allied services, the medical tourism industry in India is also facing some key bottlenecks. They are:

• inadequate insurance cover
• the underdeveloped insurance market in India
• insurance frauds
• overseas companies refusing reimbursement.

The following challenges, due to the infrastructural parts of the medical tourism sector in India, are:

• lack of access
• dearth of capital
• Lack of community participation and awareness
• Non-participation in the rural sector
• lack of concern for sustainability
• complex visa procedures
• lack of good language translators
• airport facilities still being inadequate

Government initiatives for medical tourism

The government has implemented various initiatives to overcome the challenges and push India’s rise as a hub of medical tourism through the promotion of ayurveda, yoga, and other Indian systems of medicine in the international market.

Heal India Initiative:

• Heal in India is a new initiative developed under Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission in which there will be healthcare professionals, and hospital services to help patients seeking medical help in India.
• With this type of initiative, Government aims at promoting Medical Tourism in India via Heal in India Portal.
• It’s another Programme called Heal by India Government that aims to encourage Indian Health care Workers to go abroad and serve patients globally.

Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme

• MDA scheme offers financial assistance to approved tourism service providers.

Medical Visa provisions

• Special provision has been made for tourists traveling to India for healthcare purposes.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs has introduced a new category of visa, Medical Visa, that can be issued to foreigners traveling to India for healthcare reasons.

Setting up a feedback mechanism to obtain testimonials from tourists traveling to the country for medical purposes.

• This ‘one-step’ portal would add convenience and provide credible information for medical tourists coming to India.

Way forward

To become the top-most medical travel destination, there is a need for significant investments into making the healthcare industry and equipment attractive for international patients.

• Patients spend most of their time in guest houses and are prone to further infections from such places.
• Thus, proper infrastructure and standardization need to be brought into the tourism industry and the nexus of guest house service providers urgently.
• Another aspect that needs to be tapped into is the opportunity for selling Indian health insurance to foreigners. This can generate an additional $9 billion in patient inflow to India.

The government is pulling out all its aces to maximize the industry’s potential. The aim is to make India the No.1 Destination for Medical Tourism in the world, tripling its revenue to $13 billion within 4 years.

The government has also proposed an outlay of US$ 28.7 billion for health and well-being, which is 137% higher than the previous year’s budget outlay.

In the post-Covid world, the demand for the healthcare industry is bound to surge and there is a huge potential for India to realize and aggressively advance towards attracting medical tourists from other parts of the world including Europe and the Americas.

With the government making it their priority to make India the hub of medical tourism, the initiatives combined with the surging demand are sure to make India the center for all medical tourists in the future.

-Article written by Swathi Satish

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DESTINATION

Brief Introduction to the Country and its Reputation in Medical Tourism

India has long been a captivating destination, not just for its cultural richness and historical grandeur, but increasingly for its advancements in healthcare. Recognized as one of the premier medical tourism destinations, India welcomes hundreds of thousands of medical tourists each year. The combination of cutting-edge technology, highly qualified healthcare professionals, and affordable treatments has solidified India's reputation as a medical tourism powerhouse. From elective procedures to critical surgeries, the country provides an expansive range of high-quality medical services to international patients.

Historical and Cultural Significance in Medicine

The roots of Indian medical practices can be traced back to its ancient systems like Ayurveda, Yoga, and Siddha, which are still prevalent and integrated into modern medicine. The country's historical commitment to medical research and surgery is exemplified by figures like Susruta, an ancient Indian physician often dubbed the "Father of Surgery." Modern Indian healthcare draws from this rich history, amalgamating traditional practices with contemporary medical science.

An International Hub for Medical Excellence

Indian hospitals and healthcare providers are increasingly being accredited by international organizations, underscoring their commitment to quality and excellence. The growth of private hospitals catering specifically to international patients is another feather in India’s medical cap.

Cutting-Edge Innovation and Technology

From robotic surgeries to pioneering techniques in cardiology and oncology, Indian healthcare providers are at the forefront of medical innovation. State-of-the-art facilities and medical equipment are now standard in many Indian hospitals, making the country an attractive option for those seeking advanced medical treatments not available or affordable in their home countries.

Popular Medical Procedures

List and brief descriptions of procedures.

India is especially known for offering quality treatments in the following areas:

• Cardiology (including heart transplants)
• Orthopedic surgeries (like knee and hip replacements)
• Cosmetic surgery
• Dental care
• Oncology (cancer treatments)
• Ophthalmology

Specializations or Pioneering Treatments

India has gained recognition for specialized treatments like Ayurvedic Therapies, stem cell therapy, and minimally invasive surgeries. Hospitals are also engaging in groundbreaking research and offering cutting-edge treatments in neurosurgery and cardiovascular care.

Top Hospitals & Clinics

Renowned hospitals.

• Apollo Hospitals
• Fortis Healthcare
• Max Healthcare
• Medanta - The Medicity

Accreditation and Affiliation Details

Most top-tier hospitals are accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH) and many have Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation.

Special Features, Awards, or Recognitions

Many Indian hospitals have won national and international awards for excellence in healthcare delivery and patient safety.

Cost Comparison

Comparative data.

On average, the cost of medical procedures in India is about 60-90% lower than in the United States, without compromising on quality. For example, a heart bypass surgery that costs upwards of $100,000 in the U.S. could cost as low as $5,000 in India.

Price Ranges

The following are approximate price ranges for some popular treatments:

• Knee Replacement: $4,000 - $9,000
• Hip Replacement: $5,000 - $10,000
• Heart Bypass: $5,000 - $8,000

Quality & Safety

Medical standards and practices.

India upholds high standards in medical practices, often on par with Western countries like the United States and the United Kingdom. The country has a rigorous medical education system that produces a large number of highly qualified doctors and nurses each year.

Accreditation Systems and Regulatory Bodies

Apart from international accreditations like JCI, Indian hospitals often seek accreditation from the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH), a constituent board of Quality Council of India. This ensures that the hospitals meet stringent guidelines in terms of quality and patient safety.

Quality Checks and Patient Safety Protocols

Hospitals and clinics in India are equipped with the latest technology to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Patient safety protocols are strictly followed, and quality checks are performed regularly to ensure the highest standards are maintained.

Patient Rights

Patients in India have the right to confidentiality, informed consent, and access to their medical records. Hospitals have dedicated International Patient Services departments that assist foreign patients in navigating healthcare in India.

Medical Visa Information

Guidelines and requirements.

International patients can apply for a Medical Visa, usually designated as ‘Med Visa’, which is specifically intended for medical treatments in India.

Duration, Documentation, and Application Process

A Medical Visa usually has a duration of up to one year or the period of treatment, whichever is less. Required documents often include a letter from a local doctor, a letter from the Indian hospital agreeing to treat you, and proof of financial stability. Online applications are generally processed within a week.

Travel-related Advisories or Restrictions

It is advisable to consult your home country’s embassy or consulate for any travel advisories or restrictions related to India, especially due to the evolving situation with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cultural Considerations

Local customs and etiquette.

While the hospital staff is usually well-versed in international etiquette, understanding local customs like greetings and modest dress codes can enhance your stay.

Language Barriers

English is widely spoken in Indian medical facilities. However, translators for other languages can usually be arranged by the hospital.

Dietary Considerations

Indian cuisine is diverse and can be spicy. Most hospitals offer international cuisine to cater to the dietary needs of foreign patients.

Travel & Accommodation

Popular and recommended areas to stay.

Areas near major hospitals in cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, and Chennai offer a range of accommodation options, from budget hotels to luxury suites.

Proximity to Medical Facilities

Staying close to the hospital is advisable for convenience, and many hospitals offer in-house accommodation options for international patients.

Transportation Facilities

Public transport in major Indian cities is generally good, with options ranging from taxis to metro services. Private car hire services are also readily available.

Post-procedure Relaxation and Recuperation Spots

India offers a plethora of tourist attractions, from serene beaches in Goa to the peaceful Himalayan regions, ideal for post-procedure relaxation.

Legal & Ethical Considerations

Legal rights of patients.

Patients have the right to legal recourse in case of medical negligence or malpractice, although the legal process can be lengthy.

Medical Malpractice Laws

India has a set of laws dealing with medical malpractice and negligence, aimed at protecting the patient's rights.

Ethical Considerations

Issues like organ transplants are strictly regulated, and only relatives can donate organs, with some exceptions.

Benefits & Risks

The major benefits of choosing India for medical treatment include cost-effectiveness, high quality of healthcare, and the availability of specialized treatments.

Risks or Concerns

Potential risks include varying standards among healthcare providers and long waiting times for certain treatments, though these are not common at leading hospitals.

Post-procedure Care

Post-operative care.

Indian medical institutions offer comprehensive post-operative care, including physical rehabilitation services.

Availability and Quality of Rehabilitation Centers

Several top-notch rehabilitation centers are available for procedures requiring long-term care, such as joint replacements.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

• Is it safe to have surgery in India? Yes, if you choose accredited hospitals, patient safety and quality are generally excellent.
• Do doctors in India speak English? In most top-tier hospitals, doctors are fluent in English.
• What is the cost comparison? Medical treatments in India can cost 60-90% less than in Western countries.
• What about aftercare? Comprehensive aftercare and rehabilitation services are available.

Global Provider Members

Hindi and English

Indian Rupee

1,370,825,550

India is typically very hot, with the hottest and driest months lying between March and June. The average temperature during this time is usually 90 degrees Fahrenheit. However, in the western part of India, the average temperature can be much higher. The coolest months are between December and February, with the average daily temperature fluctuating between 50-59 degrees Fahrenheit (10-15 degrees Celsius). The rainy (monsoon) season lasts from March until June. Because the boundaries of India span a large land area, it does not fit into only one climate zone.

Facilitators

New Delhi, India

Haryana, India

Karnataka, India

Mumbai, India

Maharashtra, India

Delhi, India

Uttar Pradesh, India

Telengana, India

Tamilnadu, India

Punjab, India

Maharastra, India

Kerala, India

Gujarat, India

Tamil Nadu, India

Dehli, India

Featured Treatments

MedicalTourism.com

MedicalTourism.com is a free, confidential, independent resource for patients and industry providers. Our mission is to provide a central portal where patients, medical tourism providers, hospitals, clinics, employers, and insurance companies can all find the information they need. Our site focuses on patients looking for specific knowledge in the fields of medical tourism, dental tourism, and health tourism.