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On basic tourism statistics: IRTS 2008
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The IRTS 2008 provides the main concepts, definitions and classifications for the measurement of tourism in a standard way across countries. The core of these concepts and definitions are included in Glossary of Tourism Terms .
Its primary audience is the staff of national statistical offices and national tourism administrations involved in the compilation of tourism statistics. The publication also contains a wealth of information that may be of interest to data users who would like to better understand the nature of tourism data. In addition, it provides general guidance with respect to data sources and data compilation methods.
Quick overview of contents:
- Chapter 1: Development and needs for tourism statistics
- Chapter 2: The demand perspective: basic concepts and definitions
- Chapter 3: The demand perspective: characterization of visitor and tourism trips
- Chapter 4: The demand perspective: tourism expenditure
- Chapter 5: Classifications of products and productive activities for tourism
- Chapter 6: The supply perspective
- Chapter 7: Employment in the tourism industries
- Chapter 8: Understanding tourism in its relationship with other macroeconomic frameworks
- Chapter 9: Supplementary topics
The IRTS 2008 was approved by the United Nations Statistical Commission (UNSC) at its 39th session (26-29 February 2008). It revises and replaces the previous 1993 Recommendations on Tourism Statistics (1993 RTS) adopted by the Commission in 1993 and published in 1994 (the IRTS 2008 – Annex 1 shows the main differences between the 1993 RTS and the IRTS 2008).
The IRTS 2008 has real implications for the way policy-makers and other stakehorlders understand and manage tourism; see Papers.
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What is inbound tourism explained and why does it matter?
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Inbound tourism is an important type of tourism . Many countries rely heavily on the demand from inbound tourists to fuel the development and operations of their tourism economy.
But what does it actually mean to be an inbound tourist? In this article I will explain what is meant by the term inbound tourism, provide definitions of inbound tourism and I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of inbound tourism. Lastly, I will provide examples of destinations which have significantly sized inbound tourism markets.
What is inbound tourism?
Inbound tourism definitions, the importance of inbound tourism, uk inbound tourism, advantages of inbound tourism, disadvantages of inbound tourism, inbound tourism: conclusion, further reading on inbound tourism.
Inbound tourism is the act of someone travelling to a country other than that of where they live for the purpose of tourism.
Many countries around the world rely on inbound tourism.
Inbound tourism is often seasonal, meaning that many destinations will have evident peak, shoulder and low seasons. This is often dependant on weather conditions (for example sun or snow ) and school and public holidays.
The most widely utilised definition of tourism , proposed by the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and United States (UN) Nations Statistics Division (1994), prescribes that in order to qualify as a tourist one must travel and remain in a place outside of their usual residential environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other purposes.
When considering inbound tourism, it therefore makes sense to simply add in the prerequisite of travelling to another country…
Based on this commonly accepted definition (although this is not without its limits- see this post for more details ), therefore, inbound tourism can be defined as:
‘The act of travelling to another country for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other purposes.’
Inbound tourism is incredibly important in many destinations.
This is largely because of the economic benefits of tourism . Tourism can bring in a lot of money to a country through foreign exchange. This is particularly beneficial in countries where the currency is weaker than the currency of the tourists ‘ home countries.
It is for this reason that many countries will target their advertising towards certain nationalities. China produces one of the largest outbound tourism markets in the world and Chinese tourists tend to spend more on their holidays than any other nationality. Therefore many countries want to attract Chinese inbound tourists due to the economic value of this market.
Click here to see some interesting statistics demonstrating the growth in the Chinese outbound tourism market.
However, over dependance on inbound tourism can be risky business for destinations. There are many destinations, such as the Maldives , Spain and Greece who rely heavily on people travelling from other countries to their country for tourism.
The problem occurs when the travel industry is disrupted. This has never been more true than during the 2020 pandemic, when the impacts of Coronavirus on tourism were devastating.
Inbound tourism can also be negatively effected as a result of other factors, such as political unrest, natural disasters or economic instability.
In order to ensure sustainable tourism principles are adopted, destinations ideally need to diversify their tourism product to appeal to both the domestic tourism market and the inbound tourism market.
![inbound tourism 2008](https://tourismteacher.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Tourism-infographic.jpg)
In The United Kingdom, we have a sizeable inbound tourism industry.
Here, inbound tourism is worth £127 billion per year to the UK economy. Inbound tourism creates jobs and boosts the economic throughout the country.
According to the UK tourist board, Visit Britain , inbound visitors to the UK spent £24.5 billion in 2017, and £21 billion of that was spent in England.
Inbound tourism attracts tourists from all over the world including Europe, the USA, Australia , China and Japan.
Inbound tourism markets around the world
Inbound tourism is a significant part of the tourism industry in many countries around the world.
![inbound tourism 2008](https://tourismteacher.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/UNWTO.jpg)
The OECD have some useful data, demonstrating the most recent figures for inbound tourism around the world.
To take a look at the most recent OECD inbound tourism figures click here.
Here are a few tourism markets that have a high number of inbound tourists each year-
According to Statistica , Spain ranked second on the World Tourism Organisation’s list of most visited countries in the world, with its number of international visitors amounting to nearly 89.4 million in 2018.
Most travellers to Spain come from Europe, with the largest amount of tourists being British.
Spain is popular for its beach holidays, package holiday market and city breaks to Barcelona, Madrid and Valencia, amongst others.
The Maldives has been host to a fast-growing tourism industry in recent years. The archipelago attracts visitors all-year round, especially in hubs like Male which is home to an increasing number of modern hotels.
Statistica reported in February 2019 that there were sharp increases in economic activity in The Maldives resulting from tourism. Figures showed a 16.8% increase in inbound tourism from the same time the previous year.
In total, 168,583 inbound tourists were recorded in The Maldives in 2019. China accounted for 17.8% and European markets accounted for a further 55% of inbound tourism.
The Maldives is renowned for its luxurious beach holidays.
Inbound tourism is one of the biggest economic activities in Thailand .
The National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) stated that in February 2019 the tourism industry accounted for 18.4% of GDP. Chinese visitors make up almost one third of all inbound tourists travelling to Thailand , with 10.99 million visits recorded in 2019.
There are many types of tourism found in Thailand and Thailand attracts a range of types of tourists, from backpackers to luxury travellers to business tourists .
Bali is another destination that is reliant on inbound tourism as a key economic contributor.
In 2018, the number of foreign tourists travelling to Bali was over 5 million. This was an increase of approximately 3.5 million from 2008. Figures taken from Statistica .
The inbound tourism market in Bali is dominated largely by Chinese and Australian tourists.
Bali is well-known for its beach escapes and cultural tourism .
There are many advantages of inbound tourism.
One advantage is that inbound tourism is not reliant on weekends in the way that domestic tourism is because people tend to your their annual leave when they take holidays overseas.
Having an inbound tourism market that attracts tourists from a range of destinations can help to minimise risk and diversify income. This way, if for some reason one country does not send many tourists (for example due to political or economic problems) then the host country still has visitors arriving from other countries.
On average, inbound tourists spend more money than domestic tourists. This money then helps boost the economy of the host country.
When we travel overseas we typically book further in advance than if we booked a domestic trip. This allows tourism organisations more time to plan.
Foreign income can really help to boost the economy of a country. Therefore foreign tourists are often welcomed. This especially applies to tourists who come from destinations where the currency is strong (e.g. Britain, USA, Europe, Australia).
Other posts that you might be interested in: – What is tourism? A definition of tourism – The history of tourism – The structure of the tourism industry – Stakeholders in tourism – Dark tourism explained – What is ABTA and how does it work? – The economic impacts of tourism
There are also some disadvantages of inbound tourism.
The main disadvantage of inbound tourism is that the destination is at the mercy of the transport network.
There are many cases of tourism industries being decimated because an airline has stopped operating a particular route.
Inbound tourism can also lead to culture clashes.
For example, British tourists who travel to Dubai are often not aware of Muslim cultural practices. As such, it is common for the local population to be offended by the tourist’s behaviour. In Dubai there are many signs up in the malls, for instance, that requests tourists cover up and dress appropriately .
In conclusion, it can be seen that inbound tourism is a highly effective way for a country to make money from tourism. Whilst this does take some careful management and planning, there are many countries throughout the world who have successful and thriving inbound tourism industries.
- An Introduction to Tourism : a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to all facets of tourism including: the history of tourism; factors influencing the tourism industry; tourism in developing countries; sustainable tourism; forecasting future trends.
- The Business of Tourism Management : an introduction to key aspects of tourism, and to the practice of managing a tourism business.
- Tourism Management: An Introduction : gives its reader a strong understanding of the dimensions of tourism, the industries of which it is comprised, the issues that affect its success, and the management of its impact on destination economies, environments and communities.
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- Inbound Tourism
- Outbound Tourism
- Facts & Figures
China Inbound Tourism in 2008
In 2008, because of the effects of the US financial crisis on the world economy, China inbound tourism was also affected and had suffered a financial crisis as well as various emergencies and disadvantages. It was subjected to an unprecedented tribulation. However, China tourism had overcome the difficulties and kept a steady development.
Statistics of Oversea Tourist Arrivals
Statistics of oversea tourist markets.
![inbound tourism 2008](https://data.travelchinaguide.com/images/background/icon/heading-arrow1.png)
Reception of Oversea Tourists and Tourism Revenue Derived from Major Cities
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Trip.com Group teams up with Tourism Malaysia to boost inbound arrivals
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Trip.com Group has signed a three-year Memorandum of Collaboration with Tourism Malaysia to expand their existing partnership beyond China, and into the wider Asia-Pacific region.
Leveraging Trip.com Group’s global resources, the focus will be on attracting more Chinese and international visitors to Malaysia through cooperation on the marketing front, including key product promotions, especially for hotels and attractions. More areas within Malaysia, such as Johor and Sarawak, will also be promoted to travellers.
In conjunction with the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Malaysia, Harley Travel will work with Trip.com and the Ministry of Tourism to promote tourism between Malaysia and China on the back of the visa-free travel arrangement between both countries.
Based on Trip.com Group’s data, some of the most popular Malaysian cities for travellers globally are Kota Kinabalu, Penang, Langkawi and Semporna.
Edison Chen, vice president of destination marketing & strategic alliances, Trip.com Group, said: “Tourism to Malaysia has picked up since the start of visa-free travel arrangements with China, but we believe there is still more we can do to enhance Malaysia’s profile as a key tourist destination. Trip.com Group is committed to helping Malaysia’s tourism industry grow not just in absolute numbers, but also in attracting quality tourists.”
Manoharan Periasamy, director general of Tourism Malaysia, said: “This expansion of our agreement to cover the whole of Asia-Pacific shows how successful it has been, and we are excited to work together to enhance our tourism promotion efforts to other regional markets and show travellers what Malaysia has to offer.”
In addition, Tourism Malaysia recently unveiled its strategic roadmap for Visit Malaysia 2026 , which aims to attract 35.6 million international tourist arrivals and 147.1 billion ringgit (US$31.3 billion) in tourist expenditure.
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Inbound tourism drive sparks optimistic outlook.
Last month, senior tour operator Iain Bell traveled from the United Kingdom to China at the invitation of Beijing tourism authorities to sample the capital city's cultural and historical charms.
The three-day trip was one of a large number of undertakings by central and local authorities to attract international visitors and promote the country's myriad attractions.
During his stay, Bell marveled at the grandeur of the Badaling section of the Great Wall, the Palace Museum's ancient complex and precious cultural relics, and the unique charm of the royal garden at the Summer Palace.
Bell said he was particularly impressed by his interactions with a tai chi master at the Temple of Heaven and the "magic" of the traditional Chinese martial art.
"It was so different from my understanding of the country," Bell said, adding that he found China vibrant and was impressed by the country's internal and external harmony.
The Brit also said he greatly admired Beijing's clean and orderly urban environment, adding that what touched him most was the warmth and friendliness of ordinary Chinese people he met in streets and alleys or at famous historical sites.
"It was a very rewarding trip, and I gained a new understanding and deep appreciation of Chinese culture," he said.
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Iran’s inbound tourism thrives by 36%
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TEHRAN – Iran’s tourism sector has witnessed a 36% surge in terms of overseas arrivals in the course of the very first two months of the current Persian year (started on March 20).
During a Tourism and Related Businesses Commission, held on Wednesday, an official in charge of tourism development brought to light that since the beginning of this [Iranian] year, foreign tourist arrivals have experienced a 36% rise, in comparison to the corresponding time a year earlier.
Moslem Shojaei stressed the necessity of identifying the primary tourism priorities, noting that the selected development capacities in each province must be competitive with other provinces in attracting foreign tourists.
“To achieve this, leveraging the capabilities of major travel agencies, foreign journalists based in Iran,” he further elaborated. “And familiarization tours can be helpful.”
Moreover, the official emphasized that the tourism sector cannot advance without private sector participation.
In his final remarks, Shojaei pinpointed that the Marketing and Tourism Development Headquarters of the Ministry is ready to provide media content produced in various provinces to foreign tourists.
As mentioned by Iran’s tourism ministry, more than six million foreign tourists arrived by air, road, and sea in Iran during the past Iranian calendar year, which came to an end on March 19.
Last year, Iran set the stage for the unilateral abolition of visa requirements for citizens of 32 countries, which took effect on February 4. The scheme was part of an initiative aimed at promoting tourism and easing travel restrictions for visitors from selected nations, according to Alireza Bigdeli, the deputy foreign minister for Consular, Parliamentary, and Iranian Expatriates Affairs.
The visa-waiver program was approved for India, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Indonesia, Brunei, Japan, Singapore, Cambodia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Brazil, Peru, Cuba, Mexico, Bolivia, Venezuela, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, Belarus, Lebanon, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Mauritania, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mauritius, and Seychelles.
Besides, the Islamic Republic has previously had visited cancelations with some countries like Turkey, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Oman, China, Armenia, Lebanon, and Syria, in various forms - unilateral, bilateral, and group visa cancelations, including airport visas, which were implemented in some cases. The privilege has been granted to tourist groups from Russia based on a mutual agreement inked between Tehran and Moscow.
The Islamic Republic expects to reap a bonanza from its numerous tourist spots such as bazaars, museums, mosques, bridges, bathhouses, madrasas, mausoleums, churches, towers, and mansions, of which 27 are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.
- inbound tourists
- foreign tourism
- overseas tourist
- Iran’s tourism
- Iran's inbound tourism
- Iran's tourist arrivals
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Elektrostal Localisation : Country Russia , Oblast Moscow Oblast . Available Information : Geographical coordinates , Population, Altitude, Area, Weather and Hotel . Nearby cities and villages : Noginsk , Pavlovsky Posad and Staraya Kupavna .
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Greek Travel Agents Explore Moldova’s Tourist Attractions
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Fourteen Greek travel agents recently had the opportunity to explore Moldova’s tourism offerings firsthand during a familiarization trip organized by Marios Travel in collaboration with the National Inbound and Domestic Tourism Association of Moldova (ANTRIM).
The aim of the trip was to equip the Greek travel agents with a direct and authentic understanding of Moldova, enhancing their ability to promote the destination to Greek outbound travelers. Participants were introduced to Moldova’s picturesque landscapes, rich cultural heritage, warm hospitality, and traditional culinary delights.
During their stay, the agents toured the underground galleries of the renowned Cricova and Milestii Mici wineries, visited the Cultural-Natural Reserve “Orheiul Vechi”, and explored historical sites such as the Tighina Fortress in Bender and Tiraspol in Transnistria. They also spent time in the capital city, Chisinau, experiencing its unique blend of history and modernity.
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Greek carrier AEGEAN was the air transport sponsor of the fam trip.
Marios Travel, known for its diverse travel packages to destinations like the Holy Land & Sinai, Russia, Egypt, Jordan, Asia Minor, and Italy, organized this trip to broaden the horizons of Greek travel agents and enable them to offer enriched travel experiences to their clients. Marios Travel has offices in Athens and Kavala .
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The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on inbound visitors to canada, first quarter 2018 to second quarter 2023.
Released: 2024-06-10
The COVID -1 9 pandemic and the restrictions implemented to stop its spread had a severe impact on tourism. During the second quarter of 2020, tourism-related spending by non-residents visiting Canada reached its lowest level, at 3.0% of the amount spent in the same quarter of 2018.
In the second quarter of 2023, the tourism sector showed signs of improvement. Spending by non-residents reached 119.9% of the 2018 level, prior to the pandemic, and spending by US residents outpaced spending by overseas residents across various spending categories.
These findings come from a new study released today, entitled " The impact of the COVID -1 9 pandemic on inbound visitors to Canada ." This study presents a comparative analysis of tourism-related spending behaviours in Canada by inbound visitors from the United States and overseas countries from the first quarter of 2018 to the second quarter of 2023.
The study also provides detailed breakdowns of expenditures by spending category and by five selected tourism regions across Canada.
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Download our mobile app and get timely access to data at your fingertips! The StatsCAN app is available for free on the App Store and on Google Play .
The study " The impact of the COVID -1 9 pandemic on inbound visitors to Canada ," part of the Analysis in Brief analytical catalogue ( Catalogue number 11-621-M ), is now available.
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For more information, or to enquire about the concepts, methods or data quality of this release, contact us (toll-free 1-800-263-1136 ; 514-283-8300 ; [email protected] ) or Media Relations ( [email protected] ).
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- Electrostal History and Art Museum
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- Balashikha Museum of History and Local Lore
- Pavlovsky Posad Museum of Art and History
- Saturn Stadium
- Church of Vladimir
- Likino Dulevo Museum of Local Lore
- Orekhovo Zuevsky City Exhibition Hall
- Noginsk Museum and Exhibition Center
- Fairy Tale Children's Model Puppet Theater
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- Malakhovka Museum of History and Culture
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IMAGES
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COMMENTS
The International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008 (IRTS 2008) were prepared in accordance with the decision of the United Nations Statistical Commission at its thirty-fifth session ... E.2 Flows of inbound visitors 2.54.-2.69. 20-23 E.3 Flows of domestic visitors 2.70.-2.77. 24-25
Inbound tourism grew 14.2 percent in 2008, and outbound tourism grew 7.4 percent. As a result, net exports of travel and tourism increased to a record surplus of $24.9 billion in 2008 from a $15.8 billion surplus in 2007. Prices for tourism goods and services increased for the sixth consecutive year in 2008, increasing 5.2
International tourism: International tourism comprises inbound tourism and outbound tourism, that is to say, the activities of resident visitors outside the country of reference, either as part of domestic or outbound tourism trips and the activities of non-resident visitors within the country of reference on inbound tourism trips (IRTS 2008, 2 ...
145 key tourism statistics. Data are collected from countries by UN Tourism through a series of yearly questionnaires that are in line with the International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics (IRTS 2008) standard led by UN Tourism and approved by the United Nations. The latest update took place in 24 November 2023.
inbound and outbound trips should be kept in mind (IRTS 2008, 2.39). For example, in the case where an outbound visitor is visiting more than one country on their trip, possible only the main destination
Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Data 2008 - 2012, 2014 Edition. Published: 2014 Pages: 882. eISBN: 978-92-844-1591-5. Abstract: Understanding, for each country, where its inbound tourism is generated is essential for analysing international tourism flows and devising marketing strategies, such as those related to the positioning of national ...
The International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008 (also known as IRTS 2008) provides a comprehensive methodological framework for collection and compilation of tourism statistics in all countries irrespective of the level of development of their statistical systems.
Tourism can be regarded as a social, cultural and economic phenomenon related to the movement of people outside their usual place of residence.Inbound tourism comprises the activities of a non-resident visitor within the country of reference.
Tourism Statistics. Get the latest and most up-to-date tourism statistics for all the countries and regions around the world. Data on inbound, domestic and outbound tourism is available, as well as on tourism industries, employment and complementary indicators. All statistical tables available are displayed and can be accessed individually.
International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008 Draft Compilation Guide Madrid, March 2011 Statistics and Tourism Satellite Account Programme
Inbound tourism is an important type of tourism. Many countries rely heavily on the demand from inbound tourists to fuel the development and operations of their tourism economy. But what does it actually mean to ... This was an increase of approximately 3.5 million from 2008. Figures taken from Statistica.
The focus of our examination is on the push factors, or the demand-side, of international outbound tourism. Although, the demand for international tourism is influenced by many factors, nearly all foregoing tourism demand studies concentrates on economic factors, primarily income, in estimating fluctuations within tourism (Lim 1997, Zhang and ...
UNWTO Tourism Highlights, 2008 Edition. Published: 2008 Pages: 12. eISBN: 978-92-844-1356-. Abstract: UNWTO Tourism Highlights presents a concise overview of international tourism in the world based on the results for the year 2007.
In 2008, because of the effects of the US financial crisis on the world economy, China inbound tourism was also affected and had suffered a financial crisis as well as various emergencies and disadvantages.
Trip.com Group has signed a three-year Memorandum of Collaboration with Tourism Malaysia to expand their existing partnership beyond China, and into the wider Asia-Pacific region.
Tourists from the Mein Schiff 5 cruise ship enjoy their visit to Shanghai on April 6. Visitors from European countries including Germany, Austria and Switzerland, are allowed visa-free entry.
TEHRAN - Iran's tourism sector has witnessed a 36% surge in terms of overseas arrivals in the course of the very first two months of the current Persian year (started on March 20).
Southeast Asia Tourism to China Jumps After Visa Rules Ease. ... Overall inbound travel to the mainland could fully recover to pre-Covid figures by 2025, he added.
Elektrostal : Elektrostal Localisation : Country Russia, Oblast Moscow Oblast. Available Information : Geographical coordinates, Population, Area, Altitude, Weather and Hotel. Nearby cities and villages : Noginsk, Pavlovsky Posad and Staraya Kupavna. - City, Town and Village of the world
Fourteen Greek travel agents recently had the opportunity to explore Moldova's tourism offerings firsthand during a familiarization trip organized by Marios Travel in collaboration with the National Inbound and Domestic Tourism Association of Moldova (ANTRIM). The aim of the trip was to equip the Greek travel agents with a direct and ...
As previously mentioned, IRTS 2008 focuses on tourism statistics as they relate to other conceptual frameworks, such as Balance of Payments and National Accounts. The present section, will focus on tourism as an internationally traded service. ... Inbound tourism statistics are usually collected in two phases, reflecting the structuring of data ...
In 1938, it was granted town status. [citation needed]Administrative and municipal status. Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Elektrostal City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, Elektrostal City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Elektrostal Urban Okrug.
The present 2008 International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics(IRTS 2008) focuses on the activities carried out by visitors and measuring them with both monetary and non monetary indicators. Its purpose is to provide a common reference framework for countries to use in the compilation of tourism statistics. 1.8.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions implemented to stop its spread had a severe impact on tourism. During the second quarter of 2020, tourism-related spending by non-residents visiting Canada reached its lowest level, at 3.0% of the amount spent in the same quarter of 2018.
Travel guide resource for your visit to Elektrostal. Discover the best of Elektrostal so you can plan your trip right.
Last month, senior tour operator Iain Bell traveled from the United Kingdom to China at the invitation of Beijing tourism authorities to sample the capital city's cultural and historical charms.
Elektrostal. Elektrostal ( Russian: Электроста́ль) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is 58 kilometers (36 mi) east of Moscow. As of 2010, 155,196 people lived there.