1988 tour de france standings

1988 Tour de France

75th edition: july 4 - july 24, 1988, results, stages with running gc, map, photos, video and history.

1987 Tour | 1989 Tour | Tour de France database | 1988 Tour Quick Facts | 1988 Tour Final GC | Stage results with running GC | The Story of the 1988 Tour de France | Video

Map of the 1988 Tour de France route

The Golden Sayings of Epictetus is available as an audiobook here .

1988 Tour de France quick facts

The 1988 Tour had 22 stages plus a prologue that totaled 3281.5 kilometers.

It was ridden at an average speed of 38.909 km/hr.

198 riders started and there were 151 classified finishers.

Stephen Roche was unable to defend his 1987 Tour championship, having to undergo two knee operations in the off-season.

Giro winner Andy Hampsten was exhausted after riding the Giro.

That made Pedro Delgado who was never really outclassed by Roche in the 1987 edition, the favorite. Delgado easily won. But not without scandal.

Late in the race Delgado was found positive for Probenicid, a steroid masking agent. The drug was banned by the Olympic committee, but the UCI wasn't going to add it to the list of banned drugs for professional racers until after the Tour.

At the time Delgado was found to have the drug in his system, it wasn't against the rule. So, Delgado gets his Tour victory while the rest of the world holds its nose.

1988 Tour de France complete final General Classification:

• Steven Rooks (PDM) @ 7min 13sec
• Fabio Parra (Kelme) @ 9min 58sec
• Steve Bauer (Weinmann) @ 12min 15sec
• Eric Boyer (Système U) @ 14min 4sec
• Luis Herrera (Cafe de Colombia) @ 14min 36sec
• Ronan Pensec (Z) @ 16min 52sec
• Alvaro Pino (BH) @ 18min 36sec
• Peter Winnen (Panasonic) @ 19min 12sec
• Denis Roux (Z) @ 20min 8sec
• Gert-Jan Theunisse (PDM) @ 22min 46sec
• Erik Breukink (Panasonic) @ 23min 6sec
• Laudelino Cubino (BH) @ 23min 46sec
• Claude Criquielion (Hitachi) @ 24min 32sec
• Andrew Hampsten (7-Eleven) @ 26min 0sec
• Marino Lejaretta (Caja Rural) @ 26min 36sec
• Pascal Simon (Système U) @ 28min 39sec
• Eric Caritoux (KAS) @ 29min 4sec
• Jérôme Simon (Z) @ 30min 55sec
• Raúl Alcalá (7-Eleven) @ 31min 14sec
• Gerhard Zadrobilek (Weinmann) @ 32min 9sec
• Roberto Visentini (Carrera) @ 33min 23sec
• Thierry Claveyrolat (RMO) @ 37min 49sec
• Jaanus Kuum (ADR) @ 38min 53sec
• Federico Echave (BH) @ 29min 17sec
• Jørgen Pedersen (BH) @ 29min 24sec
• Jörg Müller (PDM) @ 40min 53sec
• Frédéric Vichot (Weinmann) @ 42min 0sec
• Peter Stevenhaagen (PDM) @ 45min 27sec
• Eduardo Chozas (Kelme) @ 45min 45sec
• Samuel Cabrera (Cafe de Colombia) @ 46min 6sec
• Philippe Bouvatier (BH) @ 48min 14sec
• Marc Sergeant (Hitachi) @ 49min 24sec
• Dag-Otto Lauritzen (7-Eleven) @ 50mn 8sec
• Jesus Blanco (Teka) @ 55min 28sec
• Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle (Z) @ 57min 21sec
• Jean-Philippe Vandenbrande (Hitachi) @ 57min 57sec
• Guy Nulens (Panasonic) @ 59min 13sec
• Jean-Claude Bagot (Fagor) @ 59min 47sec
• Charly Berard (Fagor) @ 1min 0min 8sec
• Edgar Corredor (Cafe de Colombia) @ 1hr 1min 20sec
• Julio César Cadena (Cafe de Colombia) @ 1hr 1min 28sec
• Niki Rüttimann (Weinmann) @ 1hr 1min 43sec
• Henrie Abadie (Z) @ 1hr 1min 59sec
• Gerard Veldscholten (Weinmann) @ 1hr 2min 32sec
• Sean Kelly (KAS) @ 1hr 2min 32sec
• Miguel Indurain (Reynolds) @ 1hr 3min 15sec
• Dominique Arnaud (Reynolds) @ 1hr 7min 31sec
• Isreal Corredor (Cafe de Colombia) @ 1hr 7min 50sec
• Michael Wilson (Weinmann) @ 1hr 9min 31sec
• José Patrocinio Jiménez (Cafe de Colombia) @ 1hr 9min 55sec
• Jesús Rodriguez (Reynolds) @ 1hr 11min 17sec
• Jon Unzaga (KAS) @ 1hr 12min 17sec
• Johnny Weltz (Fagor) @ 1hr 12min 49sec
• Jean-Claude Colotti (RMO) @ 1hr 15min 0sec
• Jos Haex (Hitachi) @ 1hr 15min 16sec
• Mariano Sánchez (Teka) @ 1hr 16min 6sec
• Jean-Claude Leclercq (Weinmann) @ 1hr 17min 21sec
• Sean Yates (Fagor) @ 1hr 17min 25sec
• Julián Gorospe (Reynolds) @ 1hr 17min 33sec
• Jan Nevens (Sigma) @ 1hr 18min 11sec
• Gianni Bugno (Chateau d'Ax) @ 1hr 19min 9sec
• Jokin Mujika (Caja Rural) @ 1hr 19min 15sec
• Enrique Aja (Teka) @ 1hr 19min 52sec
• Philippe Leleu (Toshiba) @ 1hr 21min 51sec
• Marc Madiot (Toshiba) @ 1hr 22min 34sec
• Christophe Lavainne (Système U) @ 1hr 22min 34sec
• Tony Rominger (Chateau d'Ax) @ 1hr 23min 41sec
• Ron Kiefel (7-Eleven) @ 1hr 23min 58sec
• Roland Le Clerc (Caja Rural) @ 1hr 25min 17sec
• Martial Gayant (Toshiba) @ 1hr 25min 30sec
• Jacques Decrion (Système U) @ 1hr 26min 44sec
• Marco Antonio Leon (Cafe de Colombia) @ 1hr 26min 58sec
• Eric Van Lancker (Panasonic) @ 1hr 28min 37sec
• Vicente Belda (Kelme) @ 1hr 29min 29sec
• Marc can Orsouw (PDM) @ 1hr 30min 36sec
• Bruno Leali (Carrera) @ 1hr 30min 50sec
• Patrice Esnault (RMO) @ 1hr 30min 59sec
• Alessandro Pozzi (Chateau d'Ax) @ 1hr 32min 19sec
• Dirk de Wolf (Hitachi) @ 1hr 33min 25sec
• Frédéric Brun (Z) @ 1hr 33min 32sec
• Luis Javier Lukin (Reynolds) @ 1hr 34min 0sec
• Raimund Dietzen (Teka) @ 1hr 34min 25sec
• Adrie van der Poel (PDM) @ 1hr 34min 43sec
• Massimo Ghirotto (Carrera) @ 1hr 35min 2sec
• Enio Vanotti (Chateau d'Ax) @ 1hr 36min 3sec
• Rudy Dhaenens (PDM) @ 1hr 36min 16sec
• Michel Bibollet (RMO) @ 1hr 38min 14sec
• Ludo Peeters (Cuperconfex) @ 1hr 42min 47sec
• Malcom Elliott (Fagor) @ 1hr 44min 27sec
• Rolf Gölz (Superconfex) @ 1hr 44min 47sec
• Acácio da Silva (KAS) @ 1hr 45min 26sec
• Dominique Garde (Système U) @ 1hr 46min 44sec
• Régis Clère (Teka) @ 1hr 47min 13sec
• Hennie Kuiper (Sigma) @ 1hr 49min 37sec
• Jan Wynants (Hitachi) @ 1hr 49min 56sec
• Arsenio Gonzalez (Teka) @ 1hr 50min 13sec
• Thierry Marie (Système U) @ 1hr 51min 11sec
• Søren Lilholt (Sigma) @ 1hr 51min 58sec
• Dante Rezze (RMO) @ 1hr 53min 3sec
• Stefan Morjean (Hitachi) @ 1hr 54min 56sec
• Alfons de Wolf (ADR) @ 1hr 55min 56sec
• Etienne de Wilde (Sigma) @ 1hr 57min 17sec
• Roque de la Cruz (Caja Rural) @ 1hr 57min 52sec
• Davis Phinney (7-Eleven) @ 1hr 58min 8sec
• Guido Bontempi (Carrera) @ 1hr 59min 7sec
• Vicente-Juan Ridaura (Caja Rural) @ 2hr 1min 31sec
• Frédéric Garnier (Toshiba) @ 2hr 2min 52sec
• Marco Bergamo (Carrera) @ 2hr 5min 53sec
• Andreas Kappes (Toshiba) @ 2hr 6min 2sec
• José Salvador Sanchis (Caja Rural) @ 2hr 7min 0sec
• Iñaki Gaston (Kelme) @ 2hr 7min 49sec
• Jens Veggerby (7-Eleven) @ 2hr 9min 27sec
• Javier Murguialday (BH) @ 2hr 9min 32sec
• Eddy Planckaert (ADR) @ 2hr 9min 34sec
• Angel Camarillo (Teka) @ 2hr 10min 29sec
• Celestino Prieto (KAS) @ 2hr 11min 16sec
• Heminio Diaz (Reynolds) @ 2hr 11min 42sec
• Jacques Hanegraaf (Toshiba) @ 2hr 12min 11sec
• Joël Pelier (Système U) @ 2hr 13min 28sec
• Francisco-José Antequera (BH) @ 2hr 13min 55sec
• Jelle Nijdam (Superconfex) @ 2hr 15min 59sec
• Régis Simon (RMO) @ 2hrb18min 18sec
• Frank Hoste (ADR) @ 2hr 18min 50sec
• Alfred Achermann (KAS) @ 2hr 19min 26sec
• Frans Maassen (Superconfex) @ 2hr 19min 43sec
• Twan Poels (Superconfex) @ 2hr 20min 43sec
• Manuel Jorge Domínguez (BH) @ 2hr 20min 59sec
• Philippe Casado (Z) @ 2hr 21min 31sec
• Johan Lammerts (Toshiba) @ 2hr 23min 17sec
• René Martens (ADR) @ 2hr 24min 52sec
• Gerrit Solleveld (Superconfex) @ 2hr 26min 56sec
• Michel Vermote (RMO) @ 2hr 27min 0sec
• Juan Martinéz (Kelme) @ 2hr 27min 44sec
• Andy Bishop (PDM) @ 2hr 29min 0sec
• Erich Mächler (Carrera) @ 2hr 29min 37sec
• Rik van Slycke (Sigma) @ 2hr 33min 3sec
• Jean-Paul van Poppel (Superconfex) @ 2hr 35min 9sec
• Milan Jurco (Chateau d'Ax) @ 2hr 35min 45sec
• Hartmut Bölts (RMO) @ 2hr 36min 26sec
• Walter Magnago (Carrera) @ 2hr 37min 52sec
• Stefano Zanatta (Chateau d'Ax) @ 2hr 38min 23sec
• Nico Verhoeven (Superconfex) @ 2hr 42min 20sec
• Nathan Dahlberg (7-Eleven) @ 2hr 42min 46sec
• Gert Jakobs (Superconfex) @ 2hr 45min 28sec
• Marco Tabai (Carrera) @ 2hr 46min 16sec
• Mathieu Hermans (Caja Rural) @ 2hr 48min 53sec
• Jean-Pierre Heynderickx (Sigma) @ 2hr 54min 7sec
• Dirk Demol (ADR) @ 2hr 55min 18sec
• John Talen (Panasonic) @ 3hr 5min 2sec
• Dirk Wayenberg (ADR) @ 3hr 28min 41sec

Climbers Competition:

• Gert-Jan Theunisse (PDM): 248
• Pedro Delgado (Reynolds): 223
• Ronan Pensec (Z): 130
• Jérôme Simon (Z): 127
• Fabio Parra (Kelme): 123
• Laudelino Cubino (BH): 101
• Alvaro Pino (BH): 98
• Samuel Cabrera (Cafe de Colombia): 82
• Luis Herrera (Cafe de Colombia): 80

Points Competition:

• Davis Phinney (7-Eleven): 193
• Sean Kelly (KAS): 183
• Steven Rooks (PDM): 154
• Mathieu Hermans (Caja Rural): 153
• Jean-Paul van Poppel (Superconfex): 141
• Etienne de Wilde (Sigma): 133
• Adrie van der Poel (PDM): 132
• Manuel Jorge Domínguez (BH): 114
• Steve Bauer (Weinmann): 108
• PDM: 253hr 57min 58sec
• BH @ 12min 32sec
• Z @ 14min 43sec
• Weinmann @ 31min 23sec
• Système U @ 32min 43sec

Team Points:

• PDM: 1,028 points
• 7-Eleven: 1,713
• Weinmann: 1,737
• Système U: 1,787
• Erik Breukink (Panasonic) 84hr 50min 59sec
• Raúl Alcalá (7-Eleven) @ 8min 8sec
• Jaanus Kuum (ADR) @ 15min 47sec
• Peter Stevenhaagen (PDM) @ 22min 21sec
• Philippe Bouvatier (BH) @ 25min 8sec

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1988 Tour de France stages and results

Prologue: Sunday, July 3, Pornichet - La Baule 1-km Team/Individual Time Trial (Rider was launched with a flying start by his team). Stage and GC places and times are the same.

Stage 1: Monday, July 4, Pontchateau - Machecoul, 91.5 km

GC after Stage 1:

Stage 2: Monday, July 4, La Haye Fouaddiere - Ancenis 48 km Team Time Trial

GC after Stage 2:

Stage 3: Tuesday, July 5, Nantes - Le Mans, 213.5 km

GC after Stage 3:

Stage 4: Wednesday, July 6, Le Mans - Evreux, 158 km

GC after Stage 4:

Stage 5: Thursday, July 7, Neufchatel en Bray - Liévin, 147.5 km

GC after stage 5:

Stage 6: Friday, July 8, Liévin - Wasquehal 52 km Individual Time Trial

GC after stage 6:

Stage 7: Saturday, July 9, Wasquehal - Reims, 225.5 km

GC after Stage 7:

Stage 8: Sunday, July 10, Reims - Nancy, 219 km

GC after Stage 8:

Stage 9: Monday, July 11, Nancy - Strasbourg, 160.5 km

GC after Stage 9:

Stage 10: Tuesday, July 12, Belfort - Besançon, 149.5 km

GC after Stage 10:

Stage 11: Wednesday, July 13, Besançon - Morzine, 232 km

GC after Stage 11:

Stage 12: Thursday, July 14, Morzine - L'Alpe d'Huez , 227 km

GC after Stage 12:

Stage 13: Friday, July 15, Grenoble - Villard de Lans 38 km Individual Time Trial

GC after Stage 13:

Stage 14: Sunday, July 17, Blagnac - Guzet Neige, 163 km

GC after stage 14:

Stage 15: Monday, July 18, St. Girons - Luz Ardiden, 187.5 km

GC after Stage 15:

Stage 16: Tuesday, July 19, Luz Ardiden - Pau, 38 km.

GC after Stage 16:

Stage 17: Tuesday, July 19, Pau - Bordeaux, 210 km

GC after Stage 17:

Stage 18: Wednesday, July 20, Ruelle sur Touvre - Limoges, 93.5 km

GC after stage 18:

Stage 19: Thursday, July 21, Limoges - Puy de Dôme, 188 km

GC after Stage 19:

Stage 20: Friday, July 22, Clermont Ferrand - Chalon sur Saône, 223.5 km

GC after Stage 20:

Stage 21: Saturday, July 23, Santenay 48 km Individual Time Trial

GC after Stage 21:

22nd and Final Stage: Sunday, July 24, Nemours - Paris (Champs Elysées), 172.5 km

Complete Final 1988 Tour de France General Classification

The Story of the 1988 Tour de France:

This excerpt is from "The Story of the Tour de France", Volume 2. If you enjoy it we hope you will consider purchasing the book, either print, eBook or audiobook. The Amazon link here will make the purchase easy.

Jean-François Naquet-Radiguet was replaced by his brother-in-law Xavier Louy as the Tour Director. Naquet-Radiguet was thought to be a bit too independent and made too many important decisions on his own that seemed to reflect poor judgment, including a planned Montreal, Canada start for the 1992 Tour.

This Tour smells. As exciting and competitive as the 1987 Tour was, the developments in the 1988 Tour will always leave a lingering bad aftertaste. It was also a warning of big problems to come.

Roche had two knee operations between his World Championship win and the start of the new season. He was quite unable to race the Tour. I remember seeing him on TV in 1988 undergoing therapy for his knee as he voiced his terrible frustration at not being able to race in his rainbow jersey.

LeMond was still recovering from his hunting accident.

As far as major Tour General Classification contenders, that left Pedro Delgado, second the previous year, as the man to beat. He lost the 1987 Tour by only 40 seconds. At no time did Roche, the winner, significantly outclass him.

Andy Hampsten and the American 7-Eleven team were entered. But Hampsten had just won the Giro a few weeks before and the team had buried itself to keep him in the lead when he took the Pink Jersey after a remarkable ascent—and a frightening descent—over a freezing Gavia Pass. Would they recover enough to vie for the Tour?

Luis Herrera won the Dauphiné in early June by bounding up the Col de Porte on the final stage, taking the lead from Acacio Da Silva. Charly Mottet had led in the early stages but had tired. Herrera showed superb form, but winning the Dauphiné is tough, draining work and often leaves its winner flat for the Tour. It would turn out to be true for Herrera in the 1988 Tour.

The 1988 Tour was the shortest since Henri Desgrange recast the race in 1906. At only 3,286 kilometers, it was even shorter than almost all of the Tours of the past decade. With 22 stages, the average stage length was only 149 kilometers. This held out the promise of a super-fast race.

The Tour was scheduled to open with a 6-kilometer Prologue. To comply with UCI rules, it was shortened to a "Prelude" that was run according to some rather odd rules. The teams rode a team time trial and let a single rider go with a flying start to ride the final kilometer, the only part that counted toward the General Classification. Guido Bontempi won with a time of 1 minute, 14 seconds. Bontempi's hold on the Yellow Jersey was almost as short as his Prelude. Canadian Steve Bauer managed to beat the pack home on the first stage by 8 seconds. It was enough to put him in Yellow.

Then it was Bauer's turn to give up the lead the next day. The heir and sponsors of the old TI-Raleigh squad, Panasonic, narrowly beat Bauer's Weinmann team, earning the Yellow Jersey for Teun van Vliet. None of this mattered much to the overall lead. Even the stage 6, 52-kilometer individual time trial didn't really smoke out the leaders. What the time trial did do was eliminate several riders from probable contention. Fignon and Kelly, each losing about 2 minutes, displayed lackluster form. Sprinter Jelle Nijdam held the lead.

In stage 8, the ever-attentive Steve Bauer got into a 16-man break initiated by Herrera that beat the pack by 23 seconds, giving Bauer the Yellow Jersey. The Tour remained a simmering cauldron of hot competitors. The race was turning out to be a fast one, setting a new record so far for average speed.

It was in stage 11, from Besançon to Morzine that the Tour boiled over. Stage 11 had 2 highly rated climbs, the first category Pas de Morgins and the category 2 Le Corbier. On the Morgins, French hopes Laurent Fignon and Jean-François Bernard lost contact with the leaders after Urs Zimmermann opened the day's hostilities. Steve Bauer was able to maintain contact with the front group and stayed with them for the rest of the stage, preserving his lead. The real contenders finished together with the exception of Colombia's Fabio Parra who soloed in 20 seconds ahead of the others. Fignon's Tour hopes were dashed when he lost 19 minutes.

Stage 12 was 227 kilometers, going from Morzine to L'Alpe d'Huez, crossing along the way, the Pont d'Arbon, the Madeleine, and the Glandon before finishing at the top of L'Alpe d'Huez. Bauer had kept his Yellow Jersey after the hilly stage 11. Stage 12 would be a tougher test for the Canadian. Fignon abandoned the Tour that morning before even starting the stage.

Delgado signaled his determination to shake things up when he attacked 2 kilometers from the summit of the Glandon, and only Steven Rooks could stay with him. In the final kilometers of the L'Alpe d'Huez's steep slopes they were caught by Fabio Parra and Gert-Jan Theunisse, but the chasing pack couldn't close the gap.

Things had exploded on the final run up the 21 hairpin turns of the Alpe. Fabio Parra repeatedly tried to get away, but he couldn't get through the crowds that blocked the leading motorcycles. Dutchman Steven Rooks managed (or was allowed) to escape, closely followed by Delgado and Rooks' good friend Theunisse. Parra finished 6 seconds behind Delgado. The rest of the field, including all of the erstwhile contenders, were scattered down the mountain. Luis Herrera was only 1 minute, 6 seconds behind, but Hampsten was tenth, 4 minutes, 21 seconds back. Pedro Delgado had established himself as the clear leader of the Tour as he donned the Yellow Jersey. Theunisse, in one of his many run-ins with doping controls during his career, was found positive. He had 10 minutes added to his time. Bauer finished 2 minutes, 34 seconds behind Rooks and had to cede his Yellow Jersey to Delgado.

The General Classification now stood thus:

The next day (stage 13), Delgado nailed the box shut with his victory in the 38-kilometer uphill individual time trial. Bernard was second at 44 seconds and Rooks was third at 1 minute, 9 seconds. Steve Bauer lost his second place in the overall to Steven Rooks, who was now 2 minutes, 47 seconds behind the Spaniard.

Now came a rest day that was also a transfer day to the Pyrenees.

Delgado rode carefully, yet masterfully in the Pyrenees. Stage 14, with several tough climbs at the end, wasn't contested by the men seeking Yellow. It did show that even the Tour de France could have organizational snafus. A kilometer from the end the follow cars were supposed to go straight and the riders were to bear left. In the confusion, the day's likely winner, Philippe Bouvatier, went with the cars. The stage winner, Massimo Ghirotto, recognizing Bouvatier's likely victory, offered Bouvatier the stage prize, a new Peugeot car. The Tour organization came up with a second car so that Ghirotto could keep his prize. In those days, a domestique's income was very poor and this was a tremendous act of generosity on Ghirotto's part.

Stage 15 was the 1988 Tour's Queen Stage, with some of the great cols of the Tour: Portet d'Aspet, the Col de Menté, the Peyresourde, the Aspin, the Tourmalet and Luz-Ardiden. Delgado had let Laudelino Cubino and Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle, non-contenders, get away. In the final rush to the finish Delgado bolted, leaving such vaunted climbers as Parra, Theunisse and Rooks to do what they could to limit the damage. Generously, he eased before the line to let Duclos-Lassalle take second place in the stage, Cubino having finished 6 minutes before. With the Pyrenees finished, Delgado had a 4 minute, 6 second lead on second place Rooks. With a stage up to Puy de Dôme, where he should do well, and a 46-kilometer individual time trial looming as the only obstacles, he should have been able to feel that the Tour was his.

The standings after the Pyrenees:

After the finish of stage 15 to Bordeaux a rumor started that ended up on television that evening: Delgado had tested positive for a banned drug. The journalists knew about the positive before Delgado did. The next day Tour officials confirmed that Delgado had tested positive for Probenecid. We'll stop here for just a second. Probenecid turns up every so often in dope tests. It is unusual that a healthy person would ever need Probenecid since it is rarely dispensed even to sick people. It acts as a diuretic and helps some people with gout. It can also increase the potency of antibiotics. Victims of drug-resistant gonorrhea are given Probenecid to increase the efficacy of their regimen of antibiotics. It is also called for in some AIDS cases. But Probenecid was found to have another effect. It drastically slows the urinary excretion of the metabolites of steroids. When an athlete pees into a bottle for a drug test, the testing scientist is often not looking for the drug itself. He is looking for the by-products that the body produces as it metabolizes the drug. This is how steroids are detected, by looking for the chemicals the body produces in eliminating the drug.

Probenecid keeps these telltale chemicals from being present in urine, thus circumventing the drug test; the Probenecid itself, however, is present. And Delgado had it in the sample that he gave for the stage 13 time trial.

Here's where it gets interesting. Probenecid was on the Olympic Committee's list of banned drugs. The UCI (the governing body ruling cycling) was going to ban the drug after the Tour. It was not on the list of banned drugs during the 1988 Tour. Technically, Delgado had committed no offense in using Probenecid as it was not yet a banned drug. Two days after the positive test, the second sample (there is always an "A" and "B" sample tested independently for the protection of the racer) was tested and confirmed the positive for the drug. The Spanish government sent sports ministers and lawyers to France to argue Delgado's case. They were not going to surrender a third Spanish Tour winner (after Bahamontes and Ocaña) without a fight. Because there was no actual offense Delgado could continue the Tour without penalty. The day of the announcement that Delgado was clear was also the day Theunisse received his 10-minute penalty for his doping positive. Ironically, it was steroids that showed up in Theunisse's test sample, the same class of chemicals that Delgado was thought to be hiding with Probenecid.

To this day, Delgado maintains his innocence and acts as if his continuing the Tour under the drug cloud was an act of heroism. He said he took the Probenecid to take care of problems with his legs. He later said that he was given a drink by a spectator on the route. Merckx thought the conflicting stories reflected poorly on the man, calling the defense Delgado offered, "rubbish". If he was innocent, then he competed under very tough emotional conditions. He was tested over and over again during the Tour and came up positive only once. But barring evidence to the contrary, I tend to believe that mass spectrographs are more reliable than racers caught with a positive sample. Delgado is a genuinely nice man. The racers and the fans liked him. Because of this geniality, Delgado was able to elicit a great deal of sympathy from the fans. The riders staged a 10-minute strike the next day in sympathy for Delgado and against the inept handling of his case. It should also be noted that Delgado had been tested at least 10 times during the 1988 Tour and only this one time had he turned up positive for Probenecid.

On the stage 19 ascent up Puy de Dôme Johnny Weltz and Rolf Golz had a substantial lead, 15 minutes with 50 kilometers to go. But then things stirred in the peloton. On the climb Delgado demonstrated his complete mastery by easily dropping all the others and finishing third, 5½ minutes behind Weltz. Delgado was now almost 5 minutes ahead of second-place Rooks.

Delgado wanted to win the 46-kilometer individual time trial to make a clean win of it all. Held on rolling terrain near Dijon, Delgado was able to come close to winning the stage. He was ahead at every checkpoint but the finish line. The wind had become strong during the day and finally it was too much for Delgado to overcome. His fourth place at 11 seconds to the winner Juan Martinez-Oliver was still the best time of any of the top men. Rooks finished twentieth, 2 minutes, 26 seconds behind.

Hampsten and his team were indeed shot after the Giro. The Giro winner never was able to display his normal brilliance in the high mountains. The 7-Eleven team was dogged by misfortune that started even before the race had started. Bob Roll crashed before the "Prelude" and had to be replaced at the last minute. During the second stage team time trial Dag-Otto Lauritzen crashed. Roy Knickman failed to make the time cutoff on the eighteenth stage to Limoges and that day, Jeff Pierce, who had been struggling, was also eliminated.

Final 1988 Tour de France General Classification:

Climbers' Competition:

The 1988 Tour did live up to its expectation as a fast race. The average speed was 38.909 kilometers per hour, the fastest Tour so far. And it was a strange Tour for Belgium. For the first time since 1910, not 1 rider from the bike-mad country won a stage.

Epilogue to the 1988 Tour. In 2000 Steven Rooks admitted to taking amphetamines and testosterone during his racing career. He just didn't get caught.

Video of Stage 12 to l'Alpe d'Huez

© McGann Publishing

1988 Tour de France: results and classification

General classification of the 1988 tour de france, jerseys of the 1988 tour de france, stages of the 1988 tour de france.

Prologue (Pornichet - La Baule, 1 km in Individual Time Trial)

Stage 1 (Pontchateau - Machecoul, 91.5 km)

Stage 2 (La Haye Fouassière - Ancenis, 48 km in Team Time Trial)

Stage 3 (Nantes - Le Mans, 213.5 km)

Stage 4 (Le Mans - Evreux, 158 km)

Stage 5 (Neufchatel en Bray - Liévin, 147.5 km)

Stage 6 (Liévin - Wasquehal, 52 km)

Stage 7 (Wasquehal - Reims, 225.5 km)

Stage 8 (Reims - Nancy, 219 km)

Stage 9 (Nancy - Strasbourg, 160.5 km)

Stage 10 (Belfort - Besançon, 149.5 km)

Stage 11 (Besançon - Morzine, 232 km)

Stage 12 (Morzine - Alpe d'Huez, 227 km)

Stage 13 (Grenoble - Villard de Lans, 38 km in Individual Time Trial)

Stage 14 (Blagnac - Guzet Neige, 163 km)

Stage 15 (St Girons - Luz Ardiden, 187.5 km)

Stage 16 (Luz Ardiden - Pau, 38 km)

Stage 17 (Pau - Bordeaux, 210 km)

Stage 18 (Ruelle sur Touvre - Limoges, 93.5 km)

Stage 19 (Limoges - Le Puy de Dôme, 188 km)

Stage 20 (Clermont Ferrand - Chalon sur Saône, 223.5 km)

Stage 21 (Santenay - Santenay, 46 km)

Stage 22 (Nemours - Paris/Champs Elysées, 172.5 km)

• Championship and cup winners
• Club honours
• World Cup: results of all matches
• Winners of the most important cycling races
• Tour de France winners (yellow jersey)
• Best sprinters (green jersey)
• Best climbers (polka dot jersey)
• Best young riders (white jersey)
• Tour de France: Stage winners
• Australian Open: Men's singles
• Australian Open: Women's singles
• Australian Open: Men's doubles
• Australian Open: Women's doubles
• Australian Open: Mixed doubles
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Cycling - Tour de France - 1988 - Detailed results

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Results 1988

Information, tour de france 1988.

General Classification - 24 July 1988

Ranking by points - 24 july 1988, mountains ranking - 24 july 1988, prologue - 4 july 1988, stage 1 - pontchateau - machecoul, 91.5 km - 4 july 1988, stage 2 - la haye fouassière - ancenis, 48 km - 4 july 1988, stage 3 - nantes - le mans, 213.5 km - 5 july 1988, stage 4 - le mans - evreux, 158 km - 6 july 1988, stage 5 - neufchatel en bray - liévin, 147.5 km - 7 july 1988, stage 6 - liévin - wasquehal, 52 km - 8 july 1988, stage 7 - wasquehal - reims, 225.5 km - 9 july 1988, stage 8 - reims - nancy, 219 km - 10 july 1988, stage 9 - nancy - strasbourg, 160.5 km - 11 july 1988, stage 10 - belfort - besançon, 149.5 km - 12 july 1988, stage 11 - besançon - morzine, 232 km - 13 july 1988, stage 12 - morzine - l'alpe d'huez, 227 km - 14 july 1988, stage 13 - grenoble - villard de lans, 38 km - 15 july 1988, stage 14 - blagnac - guzet neige, 163 km - 16 july 1988, stage 15 - st girons - luz ardiden, 187.5 km - 17 july 1988, stage 16 - tarbes - pau - 18 july 1988, stage 17 - pau - bordeaux, 210 km - 19 july 1988, stage 18 - ruelle sur touvre - limoges, 93.5 km - 20 july 1988, stage 19 - limoges - le puy de dôme, 188 km - 21 july 1988, stage 20 - clermont ferrand - chalon sur saône, 223.5 km - 22 july 1988, stage 21 - santenay - santenay, 46 km - 23 july 1988, stage 22 - nemours - paris/champs elysées, 172.5 km - 24 july 1988, tour de france - archives.

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About: List of teams and cyclists in the 1988 Tour de France

The 1988 Tour de France started with 198 cyclists, divided into 22 teams of 9 cyclists. The 22 teams, announced two weeks before the Tour, were:

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75th edition 3 July 1988 - 24 July 1988

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List_of_teams_and_cyclists_in_the_1988_Tour_de_France

List of teams and cyclists in the 1988 tour de france.

List of cyclists

The 1988 Tour de France started with 198 cyclists, divided into 22 teams of 9 cyclists. The 22 teams, announced two weeks before the Tour, were: [1] [2]

• Carrera Jeans–Vagabond
• PDM–Ultima–Concorde
• Toshiba–Look
• Système U–Gitane
• Café de Colombia
• 7-Eleven–Hoonved
• Caja Rural–Orbea
• Hitachi–Bosal–B.C.E. Snooker
• Chateau d'Ax
• Panasonic–Isostar–Colnago–Agu
• Kas–Canal 10
• RMO–Cycles Méral–Mavic
• Superconfex–Yoko–Opel–Colnago
• Weinmann–La Suisse–SMM Uster
• AD Renting–Anti-M–Bottecchia

By starting number

By nationality.

The 198 riders that competed in the 1988 Tour de France represented 20 different countries. Riders from ten countries won stages during the race; Netherlands riders won the largest number of stages.

• [N 1] The team time trial on stage 2, won by Panasonic–Isostar , is not counted in this total.
• [2] "TVM-ploeg derde reserve Tour" . Limburgsch Dagblad (in Dutch). Koninklijke Bibliotheek. 16 June 1988. p.   23 . Retrieved 28 December 2013 .
• [3] "75ème Tour de France 1988" . Memoire du cyclisme . Archived from the original on 2 January 2012.

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• List of teams and cyclists in the 1988 Tour de France

List of teams and cyclists in the 1988 Tour de France explained

The 1988 Tour de France started with 198 cyclists, divided into 22 teams of 9 cyclists. The 22 teams, announced two weeks before the Tour, were: [1] [2]

By starting number

By nationality.

The 198 riders that competed in the 1988 Tour de France represented 20 different countries. Riders from ten countries won stages during the race; Netherlands riders won the largest number of stages.

Notes and References

• Web site: 75ème Tour de France 1988 . Memoire du cyclisme. fr. 15 August 2011.
• Web site: TVM-ploeg derde reserve Tour . nl. Koninklijke Bibliotheek. Limburgsch Dagblad. 16 June 1988. 23. 28 December 2013.
• Web site: 75ème Tour de France 1988 . Memoire du cyclisme. https://web.archive.org/web/20120102122943/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1978_2005/tdf1988.php. 2 January 2012.
• The team time trial on stage 2, won by Panasonic–Isostar , is not counted in this total.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License . It uses material from the Wikipedia article " List of teams and cyclists in the 1988 Tour de France ".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy .

Category : Tour de France 1988

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This category has only the following subcategory.

• Tour de France maps 1988 ‎ (2 F)

Media in category "Tour de France 1988"

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Netherlands' de Jong (ankle) ruled out of Euro 2024

ROTTERDAM, Netherlands (AP) — Netherlands midfielder Frenkie de Jong has been ruled out of the European Championship after failing to recover from an ankle injury, dealing a blow to the team's chances.

The Dutch soccer association announced the Barcelona star would not be available for Euro 2024 in Germany after Ronald Koeman's team beat Iceland 4-0 in its final warmup. De Jong watched from the bench on Monday in Rotterdam.

“He won't be fit enough to play at this level for the next three weeks,” Koeman said. “There's no point keeping him with us.”

De Jong's hopes of playing were dashed when tests “showed that the ankle is not yet sufficiently resilient,” Netherlands officials said in a statement.

Koeman will decide later whether to call up a replacement. AC Milan midfielder Tijjani Reijnders played in midfield in De Jong's absence on Monday.

Another midfielder, Teun Koopmeiners, was injured while warming up for the Iceland match and was also in doubt for the tournament. Koeman said they were waiting for test results expected on Tuesday, but he added, “I have a bad feeling.”

The Netherlands, the 1988 European champion, plays Poland in its first Group D match on Sunday in Hamburg before taking on World Cup runner-up France and completing the group stage against Austria.

Poland strikers Robert Lewandowski and Karol Swiderski were in doubt for Euro 2024 after they were injured as Poland beat Turkey 2-1 in a warmup on Monday.

AP soccer: https://apnews.com/hub/soccer

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Sprint | Illartein (16.5 km)

Sprint | marignac (58.5 km), kom sprint (2) col du portet d'aspet (29 km), kom sprint (1) col de mente mourtis (45.5 km), kom sprint (1) col de peyresourde (91.5 km), kom sprint (1) col d'aspin (122.5 km), kom sprint (hc) col du tourmalet (152.5 km), kom sprint (hc) luz-ardiden (187.5 km), race information.

• Date: 18 July 1988
• Start time: -
• Avg. speed winner: 29.548 km/h
• Race category: ME - Men Elite
• Distance: 187.5 km
• Points scale: GT.A.Stage
• Parcours type:
• ProfileScore: 659
• Vert. meters: 6000
• Departure: Saint Girons
• Arrival: Luz Ardiden
• Race ranking: 0
• Startlist quality score: 1941
• Won how: ? km solo
• Avg. temperature:
• Col du Portet d'Aspet
• Col de Mente Mourtis
• Col de Peyresourde
• Col d'Aspin
• Col du Tourmalet
• Luz-Ardiden

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Netherlands 4-0 Iceland - Dominant Dutch finish Euro 2024 preparations with emphatic victory

Updated 10/06/2024 at 21:46 GMT

NNetherlands beat Iceland 2-0 in their final warm-up match ahead of the upcoming European Championship courtesy of goals from Xavi Simons, Virgil van Dijk, Donyell Malen and Wout Weghorst. The Dutch begin their Euro 2024 campaign in Germany against Poland and completed their preparations in comfortable fashion in Rotterdam. They will head to Euro 2024 without Frenkie de Jong due to injury.

Xavi Simons of Holland celebrates 1-0 with Virgil van Dijk of Holland during the International Friendly match between Holland v Iceland at the Stadium de Kuip on June 10, 2024 in Rotterdam Netherlands (Photo by Rico Brouwer/Soccrates/Getty Images)

Image credit: Getty Images

Misfiring England tumble to Iceland defeat in setback to Euros preparations

07/06/2024 at 21:48

Talking Point - The future is Oranje as the Dutch march towards Euro 2024 in fine fettle

Player of the match – joey veerman (netherlands), player ratings, match highlights.

• Netherlands head to the European Championship full of confidence, having won six of their last seven matches.
• Not only that, but the Dutch have been 4-0 winners in each of their last three outings on home soil.

Kvekveskiri fires Georgia to first major tournament, Ukraine qualify after Iceland win

26/03/2024 at 23:22

Fullkrug grabs late winner as Germany come from behind to beat Netherlands

26/03/2024 at 23:43

'We can't keep doing this' - Robertson disappointed at Scotland collapse in Netherlands

23/03/2024 at 00:06