trek e2 mountain bike

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New fork for paragon, and what is an e2 steerer?

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You can still use your Reba. You might need a different baseplate but should get a new headset with the new frame. The G2 offset crown puts the fork out in front a little bit more. You also might need a new bottom bracket. What crank is on the bike?  

circlesuponcircles said: Huge crack in my 2007 paragon. Luckily trek is giving me a new 2011 paragon frame! I'm interested in buying a new fork for it. (As opposed to my 5 year old 100mm reba.) When I look on Trek's websie, it says that the paragon comes with a Fox F100 RL 29 w/E2 steerer, custom G2 Geometry, 51mm offset crown, 100mm travel fork. What the hell is that? Is it only available OEM through Trek? Ideally, i'd like to put a 110mm or 120mm fork on the new paragon frame. Slacker sounds better, to me... Any thoughts? And what steerer do I get? I didn't think there were choices other than straight and tapered. What is E2? So it looks like my 5 year old reba will not fit on the new paragon frame. (I think.) Any ideas of what else might not swap over. I know there are a lot of questions here. I appreciate your help in advance. Click to expand...

NIner Steel Rigid Fork on 2011 Trek/Fisher G2 I too, have a question about Fisher G2 setup. I want slim down my Trek/GF Marlin and was thinking about putting a Niner Rigid steel fork on it. I am not sure how this will work with the bikes setup as it is right now. I have the stock 100mm G2 offset fork on it. Any thought out there?  

Chadly29 said: I too, have a question about Fisher G2 setup. I want slim down my Trek/GF Marlin and was thinking about putting a Niner Rigid steel fork on it. I am not sure how this will work with the bikes setup as it is right now. I have the stock 100mm G2 offset fork on it. Any thought out there? Click to expand...

Don't know if this will help at all but I had a Fisher HiFi go out on me. Had a G2 fork on it. Got a new 2011 Trek Fuel frame and they slapped the G2 fork on it. It wasn't too much different than when it was on the Fisher and I wasn't sure if I'd like the wheel out in front of me a bit more. After a few trails and what not, I can't complain. Your wheelbase will lengthen up a bit but that can be a good thing. Just takes some time on your bike if you're sticking with your G2 fork on your "non-g2" frame. Once you get used to it, you'll love it. Oh, regarding the E2 deal. My new frame has a E2 steerer. The fork off my fisher was a normal 1 1/8 (non-tapered). They have a spacer they fit around non-tapered tubes that allow non-tapered forks to fit into the E2 space. Works like a charm and is plenty stiff.  

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Based on frame geometry and build specs.

A bike with lower gearing will be easier to ride up steep hills, while a higher top end means it will pedal faster down hills.

2022 Alpine Trail E2

2023 Fuel EXe 9.5

2022 Rail 5

(descending)

Based on build material and quality level of the frame, fork, wheelset, groupset, suspension system, and more.

Gear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. How we test gear.

The 7 Best Electric Mountain Bikes of 2024

A little boost can make mountain biking even better.

No, I assured him, I wanted to pedal myself. I ended up on a cobweb covered bike with bald tires that was pulled from the depths of a basement. Big mistake. I spent the next several days sweating up long alpine climbs while four-generation families gleefully floated past on powered bikes.

Now, Americans are increasingly realizing what Europeans have known for years: e-mountain bikes make it fun to ride longer or can help us go faster. E-mountain bikes combine off- road functionality with pedal-assist power that makes it easier to get to the top of the climb. Modern geometry and components make these bikes just as fun to ride downhill as their non-powered counterparts. These bikes keep improving as motors and batteries become more reliable, more powerful, lighter, and more efficient.

More importantly, bicycle designers have gone well beyond simply bolting a motor onto a bike and calling it an eMTB. The best models feature motors with enough power and range to let you get the most out of your ride, and are also built to be stable and capable of tackling any trail.

When you’re choosing an electric mountain, look for one that offers a high-power motor, a battery with long life (and/or the capability to add a backup battery), sufficient suspension travel, and a price that fits your budget.

The Best Electric Mountain Bikes

• Best Overall: Specialized Turbo Levo Alloy
• Best Hardtail: Aventon Ramblas
• Best Lightweight: Santa Cruz Heckler SL
• Best Enduro: Yeti 160E
• Best Women's Specific: Liv Intrigue X Advanced E+ EL 3

What to Consider in an Electric Mountain Bike

Why you should trust us, how we selected these e-mtbs, our full electric mountain bike reviews, q&a with expert andrew bernstein.

When you’re shopping for an electronic mountain bike, you’ll want to factor in not only the motor’s power and features, but also the bike’s basic capabilities.

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Since electronic mountain bikes are heavier than non-motorized bikes, you’ll want to consider a bike with more suspension travel than you have on your non-motorized bike. The longer your travel, the more cushion you’ll get when you encounter obstacles. 

Most full suspension e-MTB fall in the 150- to 160mm range, which offers a nice balance of increased comfort and improved control for first-time buyers.

Motor Options

In addition to choosing the right kind of bike, you’ll also need to decide which pedal-assist motor option is right for you. There are three electric-assist classes in the United States. Class 1 motors kick in only when you pedal and stop helping you at 20 mph. Class 2 also offers pedal assist up to 20 mph, but these bikes can also have a throttle-powered mode that allows users to engage the motor without pedaling. Class 3 is pedal-assist like Class 1, but will help you until you hit 28 mph.

• Class 1: 20 MPH max assist speed; throttle is not standard equipment
• Class 2: 20 MPH max assist speed; throttle comes standard equipment
• Class 3: 28 MPH max assist speed; throttle is not standard equipment

Other countries classify e-bikes differently, and many countries do not allow e-bikes to assist riders beyond 20 miles per hour.

Most performance-oriented electric mountain bikes are Class 1. Electric mountain bikes generally feature one of two types of motors: mid-drive motors, which are contained in the frame at the bottom of the bike between the pedals; and rear hub motors, which are built into the rear wheel.

Bikes with rear hub motors are generally less expensive but are also less powerful. A mid-drive motor will almost always offer more power. Because the extra weight on a mid-mount bike is centered in the bike and lower to the ground, these bikes are generally easier to handle than bikes with hub motors. Mid-mount bikes do tend to be more expensive, but all of our favorite bikes feature this type of motor.

Battery Life, Range, Maintenance, and Safety

On top of the motor, you’ll want to consider the battery size and range. More is always better for performance, but a battery with longer range will also weigh more and cost more. 

As a bike's weight increases, it requires more effort from the rider to handle. This is an especially important consideration for smaller riders, and extra weight can also become a bigger challenge at faster speeds, when you need to handle the bike more aggressively.

A lighter bike will offer better handling, but if you sacrifice too much battery capacity to cut weight, you may find yourself pedaling home with no assist if you take a wrong turn.

Like all e-bikes, eMTBs can be pedaled as a normal bike if the battery dies, so you’ll still be able to get home, but it will require extra effort and possibly more time.

While we can confidently say a larger battery provides more range, it is difficult to accurately estimate any e-bike's exact range. Many factors impact an e-bike's range: How much boost you’re using (most power systems offer three or four settings), how much you weigh, the terrain you’re riding, how much climbing you’re doing, the air temperature, rolling resistance from the tires, and even how clean and lubricated the drivetrain is.

Do not take any brand's word on its range claims. Start conservatively as you test your bike’s range. The more you ride, the better you’ll understand how far your batteries can carry you in different conditions. If your bike’s main battery isn’t cutting it, some models let you add an external range booster, or swap the internal battery for a fresh one. Be warned: These accessories can be expensive!

Like all batteries, e-bike batteries do lose capacity every time they’re charged and discharged. Unfortunately, that means that the more you ride, the sooner you’ll need to replace your battery. Even so, an e-bike battery should give you years of reliable riding.

Follow your bike's manufacturer’s recommendations for storage, but most batteries will last longer if stored with about a 40-percent charge (but don’t forget to plug your bike in about six hours before riding, to make sure you start your ride with a full charge).

Batteries should also be stored at room temperature whenever possible and not left outside or in an unheated garage in freezing temperatures. Some bike brands, including Specialized, have a setting that will prevent the battery from charging fully. This feature is designed to extend the battery’s life, but you may want to disable the feature if your rides regularly use your battery’s full capacity.

If, after a few years, your battery loses enough capacity that you want to replace it, be sure to contact your bike’s manufacturer or local dealer and purchase a certified replacement battery through the brand or its dealer.

Don’t be tempted by cheaper options available online from third-party brands. These third-party batteries are generally not certified by bike brands and may void your bike’s warranty. More importantly, third-party replacement batteries often do not have important safety features, and, as a result, these batteries have been identified as the cause of several serious fires. 

There is currently legislation pending at the state and federal level that will bar the sale of non-certified batteries in the U.S., but they are still available as of this writing.

Drivetrains

While a handful of bicycle drivetrain manufacturers exist, almost every e-mountain bike will have either a Shimano or SRAM drivetrain. Both are reputable manufacturers that offer reliable shifting and a wide-ranging gear set. Some drivetrains feature electronic shifting. Such drivetrains offer quick and precise shifting, but they will add cost.

The added power of an e-bike puts more strain on a bike’s drivetrain. You can expect to replace your chain more frequently, but you can get more life out of your components if you back off the pedals when shifting, and ease the chain between gears instead of mashing the shifter and the pedal at the same time.

Given the increased weight of an electronic mountain bike, you’ll want to make sure yours is equipped with hydraulic disc brakes, as most are. These brakes offer lots of stopping power and modulation, which ensures you’ll remain in control regardless of your bike's weight, or how fast you go. 

Several brands offer hydraulic disc brakes, though again, Shimano and SRAM usually lead the way. For additional power, look for bikes featuring four-piston brakes.

Bicycling has been vetting and reviewing bikes, gear, and accessories for more than 50 years. The bike recommendations here are based on the extensive work of the test team, which includes Deputy Editor Tara Seplavy, Senior Test Editor Matt Phillips, Test Editor Dan Chabonov, and Maintenance Editor Gabe Ortiz. Together, they have more than 60 years of ride-testing experience and insight that they bring to every recommendation they make.

For electric mountain bikes, Matt Phillips and Tara Seplavy oversaw these selections based on the team’s collective testing experience, as well as their own extensive knowledge of the category.

Andrew Bernstein has been a cyclist nearly his whole life and a passionate road rider and racer since he was a teenager. These days, he rides road and gravel bikes around his home in Boulder, Colo. As a former bike salesperson and Bicycling Gear Editor, Andrew has had the chance to ride many bikes and meet many Bicycling readers, helping him to know what to look for in making these recommendations.

Dan Cavallari is a born tinkerer with a garage full of tools to prove it. He spent 14 years as a bicycle mechanic in various shops across the United States and is the editor/publisher of both Slowguyonthefastride.com and DawnpatrolMTB.com. He is the former technical editor of VeloNews Magazine. Find him on Instagram: @DawnPatrolMTB @slowguyonthefastride .

The recommendations here are the combined efforts of Dan Cavallari who has been riding mountain bikes for nearly 30 years, and testing them professionally for more than a decade, in addition to the testing efforts and combined experience of the Bicycling test team, and, finally, the research and industry expertise of Andrew Bernstein.

Each bike recommended here offers an excellent ride quality balanced with assist capabilities most useful to mountain bikers. Based on the cumulative experiences and input of the experts and test team, these are the best electric mountain bikes you can buy right now.

Specialized Turbo Levo Alloy

Specialized has always been known for technical innovation, and when it entered the e-bike market 10 years ago, its first Turbo bikes were highly polished and well-designed. Things have only gotten better since then, and the current generation of Specialized Turbo e-bikes is built around Specialized’s own fast-engaging motor.

The Levo’s 500Wh battery holds enough electrons to carry most riders through all-day rides, and the geometry is designed to make for a stable bike that you can still whip through the technical sections.

Aventon Ramblas

Aventon’s do-it-all hardtail is built around the brand's proprietary motor and power system, which includes a 708Wh battery. The battery gives this bike a longer range than many others, even without a range extender, making the Ramblas perfect for riders who prioritize full days in the saddle. The bike is on the heavier side, which may make it harder to handle, especially in tight terrain, but the responsive Rockshox fork will help riders fly across square-edge bumps.

Santa Cruz Heckler SL

The Heckler’s slick styling means your riding buddies may not believe that you’re riding an e-bike, at least not until you power away on the first climb. The motor and battery—made by Fazua, a German manufacturer—are so svelte that they almost entirely disappear into the standard Heckler’s frame.

The power comes on smoothly and will work dependably for years. Few brands have as much experience building mountain bikes as Santa Cruz does, and you can feel its experience in the trail-proven handling when you take this bike out for a shred.

Read Full Santa Cruz Heckler SL Review

Yeti’s first e-mountain bike uses Shimano’s EP8 drive system and will help you cruise any trail. Yeti may be new to e-bikes, but the Colorado-based brand has a long track record of building bikes that are as playful as they are competent on rough, steep terrain.

In that tradition, the 160E is ready to tackle any trail, and especially thrives on rough and steep trails. The bike comes in a variety of component configurations, allowing riders to choose their parts, and, to an extent, their price point. The model linked here is built with a dependable Shimano XT drivetrain and Shimano hydraulic disc brakes.

Read Full Yeti 160E Review

Liv Intrigue X Advanced E+ EL 3

The Intrigue X Advanced E+ Elite, which is Liv’s first performance carbon trail eMTB, demonstrates the promising future of ultra-lightweight electric mountain bikes. The SyncDrive Pro2 motor engages smoothly but is slightly less powerful than other motors. The drive system was co-developed with Yamaha and should prove durable enough for many happy miles.

Smaller and lighter riders will find that the motor has plenty of power, and its light weight makes it easy to drive this bike across and through technical sections. We also like the bike’s sleek design, and Liv’s focus on female rides mean that the total package is well thought out with touch points optimized for female riders.

Read Full Liv Intrigue X Advanced E+ EL 3

Specialized Turbo Levo SL Kids

E-bikes can help kids imagine the long rides they’ll be able to enjoy as they get older and stronger. At the same time, the boost can make it practical to take your child out on longer rides that they wouldn’t have enough energy for on their own.

Like all ebikes, this Levo is heavier than comparable non-powered models. That means that it takes more work for the rider to push it around corners, but the geometry is well-designed and the mid-mount motor helps to keep the bike well-balanced for even the smallest riders.

Co-op Cycles DRT e3.1

REI’s Co-Op brand focused on giving riders a great value in a bike that’s fun to ride. The DRT e3.1 has a durable aluminum frame and a solid mix of components that will be dependable without increasing the price of the bike too much. The German brand Bosch is one of the leaders in e-bike motors, and its proven power system should last for thousands of happy miles.

While REI is not generally known as a bike shop, its national network of stores and friendly staff are known for being helpful and professional, ensuring that Co-Op riders will have a dependable place to go for maintenance, advice, and any warranty issues that should arise (although that’s unlikely to be needed).

Expert Andrew Bernstein Shares What Extras To Take On Your Ride, When to Update Firmware, and Where to Ride

What accessories will i need.

Definitely get yourself some comfortable riding apparel. Mountain bike apparel comes in lots of choices, so choose the one that speaks to the way you want to ride and suits your personal style. 

If you want to ride long, it’s a good idea to invest in a hydration pack, and you’ll definitely want to carry supplies to fix a trail-side flat, and tools to address minor trail-side breakdowns.

How often should I update my bike’s firmware?

Most e-bike makers will update their bike’s firmware periodically and you can either update the firmware via an app on your phone, or take your bike to an authorized dealer who will be able to install the update for you. 

In nearly all cases, firmware updates are not essential to bike’s operation, but as with all electronically-controlled pieces of hardware, your bike will work best if the firmware is updated at least every six months or so.

Where can I ride my e-bike?

Unfortunately, there are many different rules about e-bike access on public (and private) land. While many land managers are making an effort to better-accommodate e-bikes, there is no uniform rule at this point. 

We suggest that you check the regulations for any trails you plan to ride before heading to the trailhead, and always be sure to follow posted rules and regulations – riding where you’re not supposed to could result in a ticket.

Andrew “Bernie” Bernstein is a former Bicycling Magazine Gear Editor, and Bicycling marketing manager. While at Bicycling, he promoted the Bicycling Fall Classic, and the famed Fifth Street Cross Thursday Night Training Series. Bernie was an elite track and road racer from 2010-2019. In 2019, he was hit by a driver near his home in Boulder, CO. The crash nearly killed him and left him with paraplegia. He considers himself very lucky to still now be able to hike, and ride with the help of an e-gravel bike. He’s written about his experience as a paracyclist disabled athletes for Men’s Health, Bicycling, and Outside Magazine. You can follow his adventures on Instagram .

Dan is a writer and editor who runs Brown Tie Media (publisher of Slowguyonthefastride.com and DawnpatrolMTB.com ) and a born tinkerer with the garage full of tools to prove it. His life on two wheels started with an overwhelmingly heavy Huffy and progressed into top of the line mountain, road, and gravel bikes over the course of many miles and pedal strokes. He is the former longtime technical editor for VeloNews Magazine and spent 14 years as a bicycle mechanic in various shops across the US. Dan's writing and photography has appeared in VeloNews Magazine, Triathlete Magazine, Podium Runner Magazine, Women's Running Magazine, Cycling Weekly, Rouleur Magazine, Road Bike Action Magazine, Mountain Bike Action Magazine, CycleVolta.com , Tomsguide.com , Cycle Sports Japan, CyclingTips.com , Bikerumor.com , Bicycle Retailer, and more.

A gear editor for his entire career, Matt’s journey to becoming a leading cycling tech journalist started in 1995, and he’s been at it ever since; likely riding more cycling equipment than anyone on the planet along the way. Previous to his time with Bicycling , Matt worked in bike shops as a service manager, mechanic, and sales person. Based in Durango, Colorado, he enjoys riding and testing any and all kinds of bikes, so you’re just as likely to see him on a road bike dressed in Lycra at a Tuesday night worlds ride as you are to find him dressed in a full face helmet and pads riding a bike park on an enduro bike. He doesn’t race often, but he’s game for anything; having entered road races, criteriums, trials competitions, dual slalom, downhill races, enduros, stage races, short track, time trials, and gran fondos. Next up on his to-do list: a multi day bikepacking trip, and an e-bike race. 

As Deputy Editor, Tara Seplavy leads Bicycling’s product test team; after having previously led product development and sourcing for multiple bike brands, run World Championship winning mountain bike teams, wrenched at renowned bicycle shops in Brooklyn, raced everything from criteriums to downhill, and ridden bikes on six different continents (landing herself in hospital emergency rooms in four countries and counting). Based in Easton, Pennsylvania, Tara spends tons of time on the road and trail testing products. A familiar face at cyclocross races, crits, and bike parks in the Mid Atlantic and New England, on weekends she can often be found racing for the New York City-based CRCA/KruisCX team. When not riding a bike, or talking about them, Tara listens to a lot of ska, punk, and emo music, and consumes too much social media.  

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Best electric mountain bikes: top-rated eMTBs to tame the trails

Our pick of the best electric mountain bikes reviewed by the BikeRadar test team

Paul Norman

The best electric mountain bikes make ascents a lot easier, while providing all the performance and handling you want on the way back down. They add some extra power on the flat too.

You can turn your focus to climbing the steepest, most technical slopes you can find – or just go longer and faster with a grin from ear to ear. The ability to cover ground quickly means you can go out and explore places you wouldn’t otherwise consider.

These bikes also enable you to ride in ways you usually couldn’t. As designs become more refined, their handling increasingly rivals – and in some cases exceeds – that of non-assisted mountain bikes .

For more on what to look for when buying an e-MTB, read our buyer’s guide at the bottom of this article. Otherwise, check out our guide to the best electric bikes for advice on choosing the right ebike for you.

If your riding will not be exclusively off-road, then the best electric gravel bikes are worth considering instead. What's more, motor-assisted miles on tarmac call for the best electric road bikes .

To read more about electric mountain bikes, jump to our eMTB buyer's guide .

Best electric mountain bikes in 2024

Focus jam2 sl 9.9.

• £7,499/€8,499/AU$14,499 as tested
• Pros: Impeccable performance; powerful and frugal motor
• Cons: Stock tyres are inadequate; Fauza ring controller feels cheap

The Focus JAM2 SL 9.9 is the German brand's lightweight electric mountain bike. It uses Fazua's Ride 60 motor that gives the bike a perky 60Nm of torque combined with a frugal power consumption of the 430Wh battery.

Focus has given the JAM2 two geometry flip chips, allowing the bike to be set up longer, lower and slacker thanks to their position in the linkage and chainstay.

We found this allows the bike to span both the trail and enduro categories, making the bike seriously fun on a variety of trails.

The only letdown from the spec was the lightweight tyres, though this is easily corrected.

• Read our full Focus JAM2 SL 9.9 review

Marin Alpine Trail E2

• £5,695/€6,199/$5,999 as tested
• Pros: Capable; fun and comfortable
• Cons: Cluttered handlebar; rear tyre not suited to some terrain

Marin launched the Alpine Trail E at the end of 2020 and at the time it was the Californian brand's first full-suspension electric mountain bike.

Luckily, it was worth the wait because the Alpine Trail E is a capable, fun and comfortable e-MTB with a well-thought-out spec that offers good value for money including top-spec dampers, Shimano drivetrains and branded components.

You get an aluminium frame with 150mm of travel, with aggressive, descent-focused geometry, while Shimano's EP8 motor provides the power.

The Alpine Trail E2 is at home on a broad spectrum of trails and lives up to Marin's promise as a bike that will put a smile on your face.

The range also includes the cheaper Alpine Trail E1 at £4,295 / $4,499 / €4,899.

• Read our full Marin Alpine Trail E2 review

Nukeproof Megawatt 297 Factory

• £7,000/€8,200 as tested
• Pros: Comfortable, efficient climbing; good balance of motor power and range
• Cons: Low bottom bracket caused pedal strikes

The winner of our first-ever eMTB category in Bike of the Year , the Nukeproof Megawatt scores on geometry, spec and suspension and, with its 170mm rear travel and mullet wheels, is designed for enduro riding.

The top-drawer spec includes a Fox Factory 38 fork and Float X2 shock, Shimano XT drivetrain and four-piston brakes, DT Swiss H 1700 Spline 30 wheels and Maxxis tyres.

Power comes from a Shimano EP8 85Nm motor with three customisable assistance levels and a 630Wh battery supplying the juice. We got over 2,000m vertical in Eco mode and up to 1,400m in Boost.

We loved the downhill performance, a mix of fun and stability that's hard for bike designers to get right. The super-smooth rear suspension with balanced geometry makes it easy to ride quickly with little effort.

• Read our full Nukeproof Megawatt 297 Factory review

Nukeproof Megawatt 297 RS

• £7,600/$9,599 as tested
• Pros: Great spec for the price; natural-feeling ride that's easy to master
• Cons: Tyres lack grip in cold weather; large gaps between coil spring rates

The Megawatt 297 RS is the brand's range-topping model, featuring near-identical spec to the E-EDR bikes ridden by the Nukeproof team.

The bike maintains an easy-going character.

Shimano's EP8 motor is used, offering 85Nm of torque, and connected to a 630Wh battery located in the down tube.

The bike features a Super Deluxe Ultimate RCT Coil at the rear, which gives the bike a supple feeling over high-frequency bumps and provides good traction through corners. However, some riders may struggle to find the right spring rates because there are large gaps between sizes.

Headset cable routing has been removed on the new frame.

• Read our full Nukeproof Megawatt 297 RS review

Orbea Rise H10

• £6,623/$8,000/€7,100/AU$12,600 as tested
• Pros: Well-finished alloy frame; throttled-down Shimano EP8 motor gives natural ride feel
• Cons: Limited seatpost clearance; uncomfortable saddle

The Orbea Rise H10 is an alloy version of the original carbon Rise. It's a stripped-back 'eMTB Lite', with less power and weight than a fully assisted eMTB, that Orbea says is "less e, more bike".

The Rise H10 gets a larger battery than the original, at 540Wh, and is powered by a 60Nm Shimano EP8 motor that's throttled down to limit its usual 85Nm torque and extend range. You can add a 252Wh range extender.

The H10's frame has nicely smoothed welds at the top tube junctions that could fool you into thinking it's carbon, and side-on it's not obvious there's a battery in the down tube either. Geometry is trail-oriented and modern but not cutting-edge.

With its higher-torque motor than the Specialized Turbo Levo SL, the Rise feels more powerful on climbs. It can handle rougher, steeper trails, although it's not as sure-footed as more enduro-oriented ebikes. It's happiest on rollercoaster singletrack and berms though.

• Read our full Orbea Rise H10 review

Orbea Wild M-Team

• £9,207/$9,844/€9,727/AU$17,429 as tested
• Pros: Bosch motor and battery; confident and capable on descents
• Cons: Value for money

The Orbea Wild M-Team is our eMTB Bike of the Year for 2023, with the bike's balance being the dominant trait on ascents and descents.

The Fox Factory 38 fork and Fox X2 Factory rear shock gobble up rough terrain and find good grip though corners.

Bosch's Performance Line CX motor provides punchy assistance, which feels as though it helps up until the cut-off speed.

Fitted with DH casing tyres, the bike's spec has been well considered and enables the Wild M-Team to be ridden to the limit with ease.

• Read our full Orbea Wild M-Team review

Santa Cruz Bullit CC S

• £8,699/$10,699 as tested
• Pros: Performance-led spec choices; incredibly capable even on the toughest trail

The Bullit CC S has a focus on gravity and 'smashability', making it roll down technical trails with ease and giving you high levels of confidence through gnarly sections.

Shimano’s EP8 electric bike motor and 630Wh down tube battery feature, giving the bike a natural assistance, though it's not quite as punchy as some Bosch systems.

Santa Cruz has given the bike good spec where it matters, though value for money isn't something that can be mentioned when talking about the Bullit CC S.

• Read our full Santa Cruz Bullit CC S review

Specialized S-Works Turbo Kenevo SL

• £12,500/$15,000/€14,500/AU$24,200 as tested
• Pros: Top-drawer spec to match the price; highly tunable geometry
• Cons: Lower-powered assistance leads to more rider input to keep up pace

First in our line-up of very spendy Specialized electric bikes, the enduro-focused Turbo Kenevo SL mixes a 19kg weight with 170mm travel.

It's built from FACT 11m carbon fibre, with the tunable Specialized Turbo SL 1.1 motor meting out 35Nm of torque – about half that of most eMTB motors. That's powered by a 320Wh integrated battery. You can buy a separate range extender to add another 160Wh.

The geometry is tunable, with 2 degrees of head tube angle adjustment via angled headset cups and flip chips in the suspension pivot. In the low setting, climbing is smooth and composed with subtle assistance. Handling feels more like a pedal-powered bike than an eMTB, with impressive composure on rougher trails.

• Read our full Specialized S-Works Turbo Kenevo SL review

Specialized Turbo Levo Expert

• £10,000/$10,000/€9,600/AU$16,500 as tested
• Pros: Neutral ride feel that excels on ascents and descents; top-level handling with abundance of grip
• Cons: Frame's potential exceeds fork's travel; value for money

The Turbo Levo Expert uses Specialized’s Turbo Full Power System 2.2 motor, which offers 90Nm of peak torque and is powered by a 700Wh battery.

While not as punchy as some Bosch systems, the motor provides a natural assist that some riders may prefer.

Specialized has brought some of the S-Works magic to the Expert model, with the bike remaining one of the best-riding electric mountain bikes on the market.

The bike bridges the gap between trail and enduro well, with the adjustable geometry allowing it to be setup for both types of riding.

• Read our full Specialized Turbo Levo Expert review

Specialized S-Works Turbo Levo SL II

• £13,000 as tested
• Pros: Incredibly wide performance band; adaptable geometry
• Cons: Inadequate rear tyre casing; cost

The latest S-Works Turbo Levo SL uses Specialized's 'semi-skimmed' Turbo SL 1.2 motor that has 50Nm of torque and 320W of power.

The bike feels comfortable on all types of terrain while maintaining an impressive capability when the going gets tough.

Specialized has given the bike adjustable geometry, and allows the bike to be run as a 'mullet' setup.

A drool-worthy spec list featuring Fox Factory suspension and SRAM's XX Eagle Transmission, make the bike a masterpiece at pace, though this does come at a cost.

• Read our full Specialized S-Works Turbo Levo SL II review

Vitus E-Mythique LT VRX

• £4,400 / $4,599 / €5,100
• Pros: Supple suspension with a composed geometry; impressive spec; frugal and smooth motor
• Cons: Brakes and tyres could be improved; ebike system ergonomics aren't the most comfortable

The E-Mythique LT VRX offers a great introduction to long-travel electric mountain bikes, with the Bafang motor having no drawbacks, providing responsive and efficient power.

A capable geometry makes the bike comfortable whatever the gradient, displaying good downhill prowess.

Considering its price, the E-Mythique LT VRX is well-specced, although you may consider upgrading the tyres and brakes depending on the trails you ride.

• Read our full Vitus E-Mythique LT VRX review

Vitus E-Sommet VRX

• £5,499 as tested
• Pros: High-end components at a reasonable price; impressive geometry and suspension
• Cons: Headset cable routing; bottle boss location

Rolling on a 'mullet' setup and featuring up-to-date geometry (boasting a 64-degree head tube angle), the E-Sommet is Vitus' top-spec eMTB designed for enduro with 167mm of rear travel.

It's powered by Shimano's EP8 motor capable of 85nm peak torque and 250W of peak power combined with a 650Wh battery. We achieved 1,800m to 2,000m of ascent in the Eco mode from a single charge. This figure dropped in Turbo mode to 1,200m.

With Vitus being a direct-to-customer brand, the E-Sommet is adorned with top spec for its very reasonable price. It features a 170mm RockShox ZEB Ultimate fork, a Super Deluxe Select+ RT shock and Shimano's XT groupset.

• Read our full Vitus E-Sommet VRX review

Whyte E-160 RSX

• £7,999 as tested
• Pros: Calm and composed; hides its weight well; one of the best-handling electric mountain bikes tested
• Cons: Chain slap; would benefit from steeper seat tube

Available in 29in or 'mullet' form, the E-160 RSX is a 150mm do-it-all electric enduro bike.

It comes well equipped with Fox Performance Elite 38 forks and Float X rear shock, SRAM GX Eagle AXS and DT Swiss wheels. Power comes from a 250W Bosch Performance Line CX motor with a 750Wh PowerTube battery.

Whyte has positioned the battery partially beneath the motor to lower the bike's centre of gravity, giving it a well-balanced geometry and truly special handling characteristics for a bike of its weight.

We managed to get 2,000m of ascent in Tour+ mode, and regularly hit 1,500m in eMTB mode. The 26.32kg weight (size large) was masked on the descents thanks to the low centre of gravity, making the bike easy to lean from one side to the other.

• Read our full Whyte E-160 RSX review

Whyte E-180 RSX MX Super Enduro

• £8,799 as tested
• Pros: Balanced geometry; smooth and supportive suspension
• Cons: Seat tube angle could be steeper; limited sizing

Whyte's E-180 RSX MX Super Enduro is gravity focuses, with the rear of the bike featuring 170mm of travel controlled by a Fox Float X2 Factory shock.

Bosch's Performance Line CX motor provides 85Nm of torque, which is connected to a large 750Wh battery located in the downtube.

The E-180 RSX MX Super Enduro has adjustable geometry that can slacken the head angle from 63.2-degree to 62.7 degrees.

This geometry gives the bike a confidence inspiring ride, allowing you to rip through rough terrain without worry.

Despite it's high ticket price, the bike offers good value for money with shimmers of Kashima coating reflecting from the fork and shock.

• Read our full Whyte E-180 RSX MX Super Enduro review

Focus JAM2 7.0

• £7,499/€7,999 as tested
• Pros: Tunable geometry; responsive, agile handling despite 25kg weight
• Cons: Brake-post mount and adapter stand out from the rotor

The Focus JAM2 7.0 rolls on 29er wheels with 150mm of linear-progressive suspension travel, while power comes from the Shimano EP8 85Nm motor, with a high-capacity 720Wh battery from Focus.

A flip chip enables you to tune the geometry and the JAM2 has Focus's CIS system with cables and hoses threaded through the stem. There's a built-in USB-C charge port on the top tube and another neat touch is the custom tool bag that sits under the front of the down tube.

We rated the rear-wheel grip when climbing, and the geometry adds playfulness on flowy trails, with direct, responsive handling despite the 25kg weight.

• Read our full Focus JAM2 7.0 review

Forestal Cyon Neon

• £10,999/$11,799 as tested
• Pros : Supportive suspension; balanced geometry
• Cons: Pike fork is under-gunned; stock tyres not suitable

Forestal's Cyon is a solid performer and does well to encapsulate everything a trail bike should be.

The Bafang-built EonDrive motor provides a punchy 60Nm of torque and 250Wh of nominal power which is provided by a 360Wh batter located in the downtube.

The bike's low sag recommendation makes the bike less comfy than others on rough, bumpy surfaces, but when pointed down a trail the bike feels muted and forgiving.

We did find the RockShox Pike Ultimate to be a little under-gunned, being easily overwhelmed by the capability of the rear end.

• Read our full Forestal Cyon Neon review

Haibike Lyke CF 11

• £6,799/€7,999 as tested
• Pros: Sorted suspension; value for money
• Cons: Unsuitable tyres; messy cable routing

The Haibike Lyke CF 11 provides plenty of support both up and downhill, with the Fazua Ride 60 motor providing 60Nm of torque and up to 450Wh of power taken from a 430Wh battery located in the downtube of the carbon frame.

The bike punches above its 140mm of suspension travel, with the considered geometry able to provide more performance than expected.

Haibike provides a competitive spec, with a Shimano XT /SLX hybrid groupset, Fox 36 Performance forks and Fox Float DPS Performance shock helping to make this bike seriously good value for money.

• Read our full Haibike Lyke CF 11 review

Merida eONE-SIXTY 10k

• £9,000/$9,799/€9,799/AU$11,999 as tested
• Pros: Smooth-riding over choppy trails; high-value spec
• Cons: Geometry is a bit short and high

Powered by the Shimano EP8 motor system, this top-spec of Merida's enduro-oriented eOne-Sixty has a carbon front triangle and single-pivot alloy rear. The ride is smooth over obstacles and on fast, choppy trails, although the reach is slightly shorter and the front end a bit higher than we'd prefer.

This top-spec model has everything you could desire, including Shimano XTR gearing and brakes, and DT Swiss carbon wheels with Maxxis rubber, along with a Fox Float X2 Factory fork and shock, and a RockShox Reverb AXS wireless dropper seatpost.

• Read our full Merida eONE-SIXTY 10k review

Mondraker Level R

• £5,999/$8,499/€5,799 as tested
• Pros: Composed climbing and descending
• Cons: 27kg weight limits climbing range

Mondraker sets the alloy Level R 29er in its 'super enduro' category, with the brand's Forward Geometry and 170mm travel from a Fox DHX2 coil-spring shock and dual-link suspension system.

Power is provided by a Bosch Performance Line CX motor with four assistance levels, 85Nm of torque, a 750Wh battery and Kiox 300 colour display that can link to your phone, enabling ride recording and motor tuning.

You sit centrally on the bike, which leads to calm climbing with little tendency to front-wheel lift. We weighed the Level R at 27kg, which we found limited ascending capacity to around 1,300m. Weight was less of an issue on descents though, with the Level R feeling planted and well behaved.

• Read our full Mondraker Level R review

Santa Cruz Bullit CC X01 RSV

• £10,499/€11,699/$11,499 as tested
• Pros: Exceptionally fast and capable bike
• Cons: Possible to overwhelm the forks and brakes on steeper trails

The Santa Cruz Bullit is a name that goes back to 1998, but the reimagined bike is a far cry from the original – the Bullit is now a 170mm-travel e-MTB with a carbon frame and mixed wheel sizes.

The bike's climbing ability impressed most during testing – it feels unstoppable going uphill, thanks in part to the Shimano EP8 motor.

The Bullit is also extremely capable downhill, particularly on faster and rougher trails, but slower, tighter and steeper sections need a bit more care.

There are four models in the range, with prices starting at £6,899/$7,499/€7,699 for the Bullit CC R, which uses Shimano’s Steps E7000 motor, and rising to £10,499 / $11,499 / €11,699 for the top-of-the-range Bullit CC X01 RSV featured here.

• Read our full Santa Cruz Bullit CC X01 RSV review

Scott Lumen eRide 910

• £6,499 / $6,999 / €7,000 as tested
• Pros: Rear suspension is capable up and downhill; motor provides fun and efficient climbing; well-integrated design
• Cons: Tyres limit descending potential; internal shock can be fiddly to adjust

Scott's Lumen eRide 910 offers realistic trail bike ability on the descents, while the frame and motor provide fun and engaging climbing characteristics.

The bike is set up to maximise trail speed, with it feeling as though Scott has dialled back on more adventurous spec choices.

Schwalbe's Wicked Will tyres may lighten the overall weight of the bike, but we found it limiting when coming down gnarlier trails.

Still, this 130mm trail bike can deal with sufficient amounts of aggro on tamer trails.

• Read our full Scott Lumen eRide 910 review

Transition Repeater NX Carbon

• £7,500/$8,199/AU$13,999 as tested
• Pros: Great performer on the ups and downs
• Cons: Low spec for the price

The Transition Repeater NX Carbon shines on the descents, being exceptionally adept when things get steep and technical. However, a little more fork travel would be helpful on the gnarliest trails.

The bike uses a Shimano EP8 motor and 630Wh battery pack to give assistance, which produced a total of 2,000m of ascent with a single charge in Eco mode.

Value for money is where the Repeater struggles, with the SRAM NX groupset lacking refinement and the price high when compared to other bikes in the segment.

• Read our full Transition Repeater NX Carbon review

Also consider...

These bikes scored fewer than 4 out of 5 in our reviews but are still worth considering.

Giant Reign E+ 1

• £6,299/€6,399/AU$9,799 as tested
• Pros: Good spec and powerful Yamaha motor
• Cons: Low motor efficiency and sometimes harsh ride

The mullet-wheeled Reign E+ 1 has 160mm of travel with a slack geometry that was overhauled in 2021. There's a Giant SyncDrive Pro motor (built by Yamaha) with 85Nm torque and a 625Wh battery, along with Shimano XT components, a Fox 38 Performance Elite fork and Float X2 Performance Elite shock.

Climbing performance is well balanced and capable due to the central position, but the motor's on/off power delivery limited us to 1,700m climbing on a charge. When descending, there's a direct, taut feeling, but that can translate to a stiff, harsh ride over bumpy terrain.

• Read our full Giant Reign E+ 1 review

Saracen Ariel 50E Elite

• £6,500 as tested
• Pros: High-quality spec
• Cons: Geometry, battery capacity and tyre choice let the bike down

With 150mm travel from a Fox DHX2 Factory shock and a 160mm-travel Fox 38 Factory fork, a Shimano M8100 XT drivetrain, DT Swiss wheels and Shimano EP8 motor, the Saracen's spec is impressive.

The 504Wh battery limits range though and we'd like to see a slacker head angle than the 65 degrees on offer, which limited performance on steep sections. Traction from the dual-compound Maxxis tyres wasn't that great on rocks or roots when climbing, although the low bike weight made for a nimble ride.

• Read our full Saracen Ariel 50E Elite review

Scott Ransom eRide 910

• £6,499/€7,190/AU$14,500 as tested
• Pros: Good motor and spec for the price
• Cons: Raw-feeling downhill ride

Another enduro-oriented eMTB, the Scott Ransom eRide has 180mm of travel and runs on 29in wheels. There's adjustable geometry and some quality parts, including a Fox 38 Performance Elite fork and Float X2 Performance shock, with a SRAM X01/NX Eagle drivetrain, Shimano XT brakes and a Bosch Performance Line CX motor. We reckon it's reasonable value for money.

We found the ride wasn't quite as calm or controlled as some rivals though. The rear tyre choice led to slipping on climbs and the downhill ride felt raw and un-smoothed. A tyre swap-out might remedy much of this.

• Read our full Scott Ransom eRide 910 review

Thok TK01 R

• £5,900/€6,490 as tested
• Cons: Awkward setup and geometry; poor tyre choice

Italian ebike specialist Thok gives you 170mm travel with its enduro-oriented, alloy-framed TK01 R. It's powered by a Shimano EP8 motor, which along with the bike's geometry makes for great climbing. Descending is more of a mixed bag though, and required quite a bit of fettling for handling confidence.

The spec's good value for the bike's price, although we didn't find the tyres quite up to the job. The Thok is a good cruiser, just don't press it to its limits.

• Read our full Thok TK01 R review

YT Decoy Core 4 MX

• £7,000/$8,000/€7,500/AU$12,000 as tested
• Pros: Easy-to-remove battery; supportive suspension
• Con: Tyres; geometry

YT gives you 165mm of travel from its mullet-wheeled, carbon Decoy Core 4 MX. There's top-drawer kit including a Fox Factory fork and shock, Crankbrothers Synthesis alloy wheels and a Shimano XT M8100 drivetrain.

Assistance comes from a Shimano EP8 motor and 540Wh custom battery, which YT says has high energy density. We found the range lower than with the stock Shimano battery though and were only getting around 1,000m of climbing in Boost mode.

There's a rearward-biased seated position, which means care is needed to prevent front-wheel lift on climbs. Performance downhill is poppy and fun, encouraging flicking across the trail and confidence in corners, although on steeps a slacker head tube would lead to improved handling.

• Read our full YT Decoy Core 4 MX review

Buyer’s guide to electric mountain bikes

Electric mountain bike types.

Whereas first-generation e-MTBs tended to be trail-oriented with around 150mm of travel, there’s now an increasing range of mountain bike disciplines covered.

That includes overbuilt models designed for downhill use at one end of the spectrum, including the Specialized Turbo Kenevo and the Cannondale Moterra Neo .

At the other end, there are lightweight electric mountain bikes , such as the Specialized Turbo Levo SL and the Lapierre eZesty . These use lighter, less powerful motors and smaller batteries similar to electric road bikes. That drops the bike’s weight and ups agility over more heavily built machines.

You’ll find eMTBs with either 29in or 27.5in wheels, but ‘ mullet builds ’ with a 29in wheel up front and a 27.5in rear are becoming increasingly common. This setup gives good stability at the front and better agility from the smaller rear wheel. Examples include the Canyon Spectral:ON and the Vitus E-Escarpe .

Most eMTBs are full-suspension bikes, but you can also find trail-oriented electric hardtails, such as the Canyon Grand Canyon:ON and Kinesis Rise .

Electric mountain bike motors

Popular choices for electric mountain bike motors are Bosch, Shimano Steps and Yamaha, while Fazua’s lightweight motor is increasingly making an appearance on weight-focused bikes.

Bosch Performance Line CX motors provide 600Wh peak power and 85Nm of torque for fuss-free climbing. There’s a natural ride feel and good battery management that gets impressive range out of the system’s battery.

Shimano’s Steps E-8000 and E-7000 systems are still found on some eMTBs, although they've started to show their age, with lower power output and torque than newer rivals. Its smaller batteries give you less range too, but still boast low weight and a compact design, along with the ability to tune the output.

However, Shimano has added the EP8 motor to its range. This boosts torque to 85Nm while reducing weight by around 200g, lowering pedalling drag, increasing range and lowering Q-Factor. The EP8's launch coincided with Shimano increasing battery capacity to 630Wh. More and more, you'll find it being specced on newer electric mountain bikes, including many of our picks above of the best electric mountain bikes.

Meanwhile, Giant uses the Yamaha Syncdrive Pro motor on its e-MTBs. Its Smart Assist mode uses an array of six sensors, including a gradient sensor, to work out how much power to deliver in any given situation.

A popular choice on road-going ebikes, the Fazua motor system is to be found on some lighter-weight e-MTBs, such as the Lapierre eZesty. It’s lighter, less powerful and has a smaller battery. That means you typically need to put in more of your own pedalling effort, but it drops the bike’s weight down closer to non-assisted models. Plus, you can remove the battery completely and ride the bike without it.

Specialized has its own motor units, which it specs on the majority of its electric bikes. Its Turbo Levo SL trail bike uses the low-torque SL 1.1 motor and a 320Wh battery for less assistance and lighter weight.

Electric mountain bike battery capacity

To get you up hills, produce enough power and provide adequate range, most electric mountain bikes will have battery capacities of around 500Wh to 700Wh.

An internal battery in the down tube makes for clean lines, but there are also e-MTBs with external batteries. These typically lower the weight and, in models such as the Lapierre Overvolt, mean the battery can be placed lower and more centrally.

But, as mentioned above, e-MTBs with smaller-capacity batteries down to 250Wh are appearing. These trade a more limited range for lighter weight and the potential for improved handling.

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Trek Lush 27.5

• AUS $ NZD $ USD $ CAD $ GBP £ EUR €

Colour / Sangria/Chi Red

Size / 14", 15.5", 17", 18.5"

At a glance

Where to buy.

Specifications

• Frame Women's Alpha Platinum Aluminum with Internal Derailleur and Dropper Post Routing
• Fork RockShox XC30, Solo Air Spring, Rebound, TurnKey Lockout, E2 Tapered Steerer, 15mm Maxle Lite, 120mm
• Shock RockShox Monarch RL, Rebound, Lockout, 6.75"x1.75"
• Hubs Bontrager Alloy Front // Formula DC22 Alloy Rear
• Wheels Bontrager AT-650 32-Hole Double-Walled
• Wheel Size 27.5"
• Tires Bontrager XR3, 27.5"x2.35" Front / 27.5"x2.20" Rear
• Chain 17.05", N/A, 36/22 Tooth, KMC X10
• Crank Race Face Ride
• Bottom Bracket 13.19", Press-Fit
• Front Derailleur SRAM X5, High Direct Mount
• Rear Derailleur Shimano Deore, Shadow
• Shifters Shimano Deore, 10-Speed
• Brakeset Shimano M395 Hydraulic Disc, Shimano
• Handlebar Bontrager Riser, 31.8mm, 15mm Rise
• Saddle Bontrager Evoke 1 WSD
• Seatpost Bontrager SSR, 2-Bolt Head, 12mm Offset, 31.6mm, Quick Release, 31.6mm, Quick Release
• Stem Bontrager Race Lite, 31.8mm, 7°
• Grips Bontrager Race
• Headset FSA IS-2, E2, Alloy Cartridge

Q: How much is a 2015 Trek Lush 27.5?

A 2015 Trek Lush 27.5 is typically priced around $2,090 USD when new. Be sure to shop around for the best price, and also look to the used market for a great deal.

Q: Where to buy a 2015 Trek Lush 27.5?

The 2015 Trek Lush 27.5 may be purchased directly from Trek .

Q: What size wheels does the 2015 Trek Lush 27.5 have?

The 2015 Trek Lush 27.5 has 27.5" wheels.

Q: What size 2015 Trek Lush 27.5 should I get?

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Trek 29er Mountain Bikes

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• 29-Inch Wheel (29ers)

What is a 29er?   29er refers to a mountain bike wheel size standard that measures (with tires mounted) about 29 inches in diameter.  It's currently the largest standard wheel size available. 29ers are crazy fast because the bigger wheels cover more ground with every single pedal stroke.  Big wheels also create a shallow approach angle when riding over obstacles making it easier to keep speed through those white-knuckle techy sections.  Plus, more tire tread contacting the ground provides better-than-ever traction.

Who is it for?  29ers are by far the most popular wheel size used on Ogden trails.  They're found on the most popular bikes we sell like the Trek Fuel EX.  They make riding a bike off-road easier.  Any rider who wants a smoother, faster, more stable ride with more traction should test ride a 29er.

Feel like 29ers are a bit too much to handle? No worries, check out our inventory of Trek 27.5-inch bikes.

Want to learn more about Trek bikes?  Take a look at our Trek Bikes Buyer's Guide .

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An E-Bike You Can Actually Take on the Trail

I tested the Trek Fuel EXe to prove that people like me (and you) can rip up some singletrack.

We were setup for an hour or two of actual mountain biking, reasonably skilled riding. I’m not even that good on a bike on flat ground. I had a feeling I was going to end up face first in a tree, with a separated shoulder or something.

But I got handed a top-of-the-line Fuel EXe , one of the brand’s flagship electric mountain bikes. It’s got a lightweight carbon frame with top of the line components, so it feels almost identical to a standard Fuel EX bike. Plus, it’s got an easy to use three-tier assistance system, a nifty little LED display, and a whisper quiet motor.

Those electric add-ons make all the difference. I rode for two hours and barely broke a sweat. In just 120 minutes I was converted to an e-bike guy. It’s the best advertisement I have for this whole e-bike revolution.

Trek Fuel EXe 9.9 XX1 AXS

People have been asking me—as the product guy of any gathering—if e-bikes are worth the hype. Trek, and most other bike brands, has a huge selection of city e-bikes and a growing arsenal of specialty road and mountain e-bikes . I was always on the fence—usually saying only get an e-bike if you physically need it. But damn, was I wrong.

First, let me go back to that ride I took. We started on some flow runs with decent little jumps—fun, easy, fast. It was right in my wheelhouse. Then we jumped into the trails. Nothing difficult, but absolutely above my pay grade. I wanted to go fast and hit jumps, not peel around corners, hit switchbacks, and trudge over roots and rocks. But that Fuel EXe literally drug me through the trails.

Whenever we were climbing uphill, whenever my bad riding slowed me down to the point of a downshift, I just upped my electric assistance, and the bike took off instantly. In “Turbo” the experience was more like a dirt bike than a mountain bike. With a few pedals, the thing would just rip me up a hill over rocks, roots, and the debris I met after going off-trail. It eliminated all the bullshit parts of mountain bike riding that would typically keep noobs, like myself, far away. For the mountain biking community, I’m sorry, but everyone mildly interested in hitting trails should get one of these because it’s just so damn fun.

The only issue with that Fuel EXe is how steep the price is, even though it's comparable in price to Trek's standard mountain bikes (what they call "acoustic" bikes). For anyone who wants to use it as an entry into mountain biking, that's tough. For that, I'd suggest the Powerfly, a similar e-mountain bike model that has a great build, not a top-of-the-line new car type of build.

Trek Powerfly FS 4 Gen 3

I've always understood e-bikes for city people. Of course, living in New York City, I’d advise any Brooklynite parent to trade in their Volvo or Subaru for a cargo capable e-bike . It’s a car replacement. But after getting on one of these mountain bikes, I was thinking of the all-terrain vehicles you could replace with these. In areas where a gas-powered ATV or side-by-side is strictly forbidden—think national parks or wildlife areas—you could most likely hop on an e-bike and not get into any trouble from park management. I thought about my family in Louisiana full of sportsmen who need to do a lot of scouting before they go hunt. Instead of a pre-dawn hike to a set up a turkey blind or a loud four-wheeler that’s going to scare everything within a half-mile, you could silently pedal out on an e-bike.

When I mentioned this line of thinking to the Trek team, they said they’ve actually got an A-List customer who does exactly that. Country music singer Luke Bryan is a big Trek customer , and he’s worked with the brand on a handful of custom bikes, one of which is a Powerfly like the one above. During hunting season, it does the job of an off-road vehicle almost silently, and the Trek team has joked with Bryan—not unseriously—about getting him a bike that has a full mount for a hunting bow.

But like I said, I never really questioned e-bikes in the city, and if you want to use an e-bike in the city, go ahead. It’ll replace a car for famers market runs, commutes, or picking the kids up from school—no friction. I was just never convinced about the feasibility of an electric bike for any outdoorsy uses. But after trying out a Fuel EXe, I'm all in.

I really think there’s going to be a lot of growth for this specialized category of outdoor e-bikes, and as of now Trek is the brand I see dominating. If you’re already an outdoorsy person—bike-packer, hunter, fisher, or whatever—an electric mountain bike is a tool to help you. If you’re an apprehensive mountain biker, who gets the appeal but isn’t about all the hard work—like myself—an electric mountain bike is going to change your world. The Fuel EXe did for me, at least.

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2023 Giant Stance E+ 2 Review | Giant’s cheapest full suspension e-MTB just got a whole lot better

The not-so-minor details.

2023 Giant Stance E+ 2 625

Giant Bicycles

https://www.giant-bicycles.com/

- Comfortable riding position & bump-eating suspension - Great all-terrain stability - Powerful & responsive SyncDrive Sport motor - 625Wh battery offers good range capability - Grippy tyres, solid brakes & bulletproof drivetrain

- Really needs a dropper post - Long chainstays will inhibit agility on smaller sizes - Motor is a bit peaky in high assist modes - Advanced riders will find limits of suspension

Flow reviews the 2023 Giant Stance E+ 2

If you’re looking to get your first electric mountain bike at a reasonable price, there’s a very good chance you’ll have eyed up the Giant Stance E+ 2. Totally redesigned for this year, the new Stance E+ is the cheapest full suspension e-MTB that Giant offers. It draws a lot from the popular Trance X E+ , though it features a simpler suspension design and a budget-oriented parts package that manages to bring the price down by almost two thousand bucks . That makes it a more accessible bike for a wider range of riders, but have there been any deal-breaking compromises to achieve that price? And who exactly is this bike for? We got our hands on the new Giant Stance E+ 2 to find out!

An overview of the Giant Stance E+ 2

The Giant Stance E+ 1 is an entry-level full suspension e-MTB that’s designed to handle everything from commuting and rail trail exploring, through to proper off-road mountain biking.

It features a new alloy frame that’s been built around the updated SyncDrive Sport 2 motor. With up to 75Nm of peak torque it offers more power, a substantial reduction in size and quieter performance compared to the previous version.

Giant has also upgraded the new Stance E+ 2 with a bigger 625Wh battery. There’s a plug point on the frame for charging the battery while it’s mounted, though you can also remove the battery to charge it separately. If you’re looking for even more range, it’s possible to purchase an EnergyPak Plus 250Wh battery that will increase the total capacity to a whopping 875Wh.

Up at the handlebar, you’ll find the new RideControl Dash display. This houses an integrated colour screen that displays your riding speed and trip distance, and it also has buttons for adjusting the motor’s power levels.

The new Stance E+ 2 still features 29in wheels front and rear, but the suspension travel has increased in order to boost overall comfort and traction. The updated FlexPoint design delivers 125mm of rear travel, and that’s paired to a 140mm travel fork.

There are plenty of structural improvements too. The rear dropouts upgrade to a sturdier thru-axle to increase lateral rigidity, while the head tube is now a huge 1.8in tapered number that gives the front of the bike a beefier look. The headset also swallows the cables, electrical wires and rear brake hose to keep things quite neat and tidy, though a port on the side of the head tube provides you with an alternative for routing the control lines.

Giant Stance E+ 2 geometry & sizing

There are also some big improvements to the geometry on the 2023 Giant Stance E+ 2.

The head angle has slackened out to 65.5° and the BB sits 20mm lower than the old bike. The reach has also increased by a lot, with the size Large jumping from 444mm to 480mm. Those changes combined should make the new Stance E+ more stable at cruising speeds, and help to inspire greater confidence on the descents.

Giant has also steepened the seat angle to 76°, which helps to counteract the longer reach and place the rider in a more comfortable and upright position on the climbs.

The chainstays have gotten a bit shorter on the new bike, but they’re still very long at 468mm. This does give the bike a big wheelbase for plenty of stability, but it will potentially come at the expense of agility, especially for shorter riders on the Small and Medium size frames.

2023 Giant Stance E+ 2 price & specs

The Giant Stance E+ 2 is the only model from the Stance E+ range that comes into Australia. Notable highlights include the air-sprung suspension, 4-piston brakes with proper 203mm rotors, and a quality Maxxis Minion/Dissector tyre combo.

• Frame | ALLUX SL Alloy, FlexPoint Suspension Design, 125mm Travel
• Fork | SR Suntour XCR 34 LO-R, 140mm Travel
• Shock | SR Suntour Raidon R, 190x45mm
• Motor | SyncDrive Sport 2, 75Nm
• Battery | EnergyPak Smart 625Wh
• Wheels | Giant eTracker Hubs & AM Alloy Rims, 30mm Inner Rim Width
• Tyres | Maxxis Minion DHF EXO 2.5in Front & Dissector EXO 2.4in Rear
• Drivetrain | Shimano LinkGlide 1×10 w/FSA Comet 36T Crankset & 11-43T Cassette
• Brakes | Tektro HD-M745 4-Piston w/203mm Rotors
• Handlebar | Giant Connect TR Riser
• Stem | Giant Contact, Length: 40mm (S-M), 50mm (L-XL)
• Seatpost | Giant Alloy, 30.9mm Diameter
• Saddle | Giant Sport
• RRP | $6,299 AUD

Giant Stance E+ 2 weight

Our Giant Stance E+2 test bike came in at a weight of 25.86kg without pedals.

It’s worth noting that while the tyres do come fitted with conventional inner tubes, it would be relatively straightforward to upgrade to a tubeless setup. That’s because both the tyres and rims are tubeless compatible, which means you’d only need tubeless-compatible valves and sealant. This would drop a bit of rotational weight, but more importantly it would allow you to run lower pressures for improved grip and comfort, while also having better puncture resistance.

What do we dig about the Giant Stance E+ 2?

During our first ride on the Giant Stance E+ 2, we were immediately impressed by its comfortable and cruisy demeanour. It offers quite an upright riding position so you don’t have to stretch too much just to reach the grips. This is great for commuting through the city, as you get great visibility with less strain on your shoulders when turning your head to check for traffic. It’s also proved to make for a pleasant experience on longer rides on rail trails and fire roads.

Contributing to the comfortable ride quality, the suspension delivers a surprisingly smooth performance. We’ve not had the best experience with entry-level SR Suntour suspension in the past, but the fork and shock on the Stance E+ 2 work well for the intended application. The heavier mass of the bike actually helps to ease the suspension into its travel, making it feel smoother and more reactive compared to a lighter non-motorised bike.

With both ends being air-sprung, all you need is a shock pump to adjust the pressure to suit your weight. You can also adjust the rebound damping to slow it down for a calmer ride, or speed it up for more pop.

Once dialled in, we found the Stance E+ 2 was capable of absorbing a good range of impacts on rough trails. That’s complemented by the excellent Maxxis tyres, which offer fantastic grip on loose, dusty and rocky trails. Combined with the bike’s long wheelbase and reasonably slack head angle, the Stance E+ is nicely planted on the descents. Despite it being a ‘budget’ e-MTB, we found it was quite stable and calm at speed, with a good amount of grip on tap when pushing through turns.

Plenty of power and range

One of the biggest highlights of the Giant Stance E+ 2 is its SyncDrive Sport motor, which offers loads of power, a responsive feel at the pedals and relatively quiet performance on the trail.

There are five assist modes to choose from, which you can toggle through via the RideControl Dash display. You can also select the Walk mode that helps the motor push the bike up a steep incline if you’ve had to dismount partway up.

We preferred riding the Stance E+ 2 with the motor set to the middle Active setting, which still provides good support without being too overzealous through tighter corners. Whatever mode you choose to ride in, we found riding technical singletrack was best approached in a slightly lower gear as the motor responds better when you’re spinning at a faster RPM.

Using the Active setting, we were able to get a solid amount of riding in from the 625Wh battery. On several two hour test rides, we always came home with plenty of juice in the tank.

There are obviously quite a few factors that will contribute to how much range you can get out of the Stance E+. Rider weight is the main one, but how much elevation gain you’re racking up on a ride also has a massive impact on your battery usage. Giant claims you can get up to 190km in ‘ideal’ conditions, but we reckon that’s highly unlikely in the real world. If you’re using the lower assist modes and riding flat rail trails, then 100km probably isn’t out of the question. If you’re riding technical singletrack with a lot of big climbs, the range will be closer to 50km.

As mentioned earlier, it is possible to purchase a separate EnergyPak Plus battery . This range extender takes the position of the bottle cage, so you’ll have to carry water another way. Its 250Wh capacity will boost your total range by up to 40% however, which could be handy for heavier riders and those tackling much longer all-day adventures.

What could be improved?

Our biggest disappointment with the Giant Stance E+ 2 has been its lack of a dropper post. Adding a dropper wouldn’t just be beneficial for more experienced riders, it would also help to inspire greater confidence for beginners when descending. For recreational riders, being able to raise and lower the saddle at the flick of a lever is mighty handy when mounting and dismounting the bike, and for putting your feet flat on the ground while waiting at a set of traffic lights.

Of course you can manually adjust the saddle height by using the quick-release lever, which is useful if you know you’re going to be riding a long and steep descent. It’s far more of a hassle to do on undulating terrain though, which is where a dropper post is really handy.

Giant offers its own Control Switch dropper post for $230 AUD, and that would be a great upgrade for any Stance E+ 2 owner since this is quite a capable bike off-road. However, we’d really like to see one fitted as standard, even if it lifted the retail price.

One other point worth mentioning is the long rear end on the Stance E+ 2. The long chainstays do contribute to the overall stability of the bike, and they make it incredibly planted on steep climbs. And on the Large size frame, the long chainstays offer a nice front-to-rear balance that suited our 182cm tall tester well. However, it may be an issue for shorter riders on the smaller frame sizes, where the long rear end is likely to make the Stance E+ 2 feel a bit lethargic on tighter and more technical singletrack.

In an ideal world, we’d like to see a mullet setup on the smaller frame sizes with a 27.5in rear wheel and shorter chainstays like Giant has done on the Trance X E+ Elite . That being said, it’s the current geometry and dual 29in wheel setup that gives the Stance E+ its calm and stable ride quality. As it stands, it’s a great match for those who are using the Stance E+ 2 as a recreational bike for less technical riding.

Component highs & lows

With its quality frame, powerful motor and decent-sized battery, the Giant Stance E+ 2 is a solid package for the money.

The Shimano Linkglide drivetrain is brilliant, with the 10-speed cassette offering sufficient range and bulletproof shifting. Thicker sprockets are claimed to offer three times the durability of Shimano’s 12-speed drivetrains, meaning better durability and cheaper service costs in the long run.

We have few complaints from the Tektro brakes, which offer a solid bite point and good power thanks to 4-piston callipers and proper 203mm diameter rotors. The levers are quite long, which will suit those who like to use two or three fingers to activate the brakes. It is possible to adjust the clamps further inboard on the handlebar to set them up for one-finger braking, which we’d recommend to get maximum leverage while allowing you to maintain a more consistent hold on the grips.

As mentioned earlier, the SR Suntour suspension has performed well throughout testing. The fork’s thru-axle is a bit fiddly, and it takes some practice to get it working properly when removing the front wheel.

Of course you’re not getting the same level of plushness and control compared to higher-end suspension from Fox and RockShox. This is less of a concern for recreational riding, but if your skills are progressing and you’re looking to take the Stance E+ on more technical terrain, you’ll likely start to find the limits of the stock suspension. You could certainly upgrade the fork and shock, but at that point it may be worth looking at spending the extra money on the next model up. Which brings us to our next point.

Giant Stance E+ vs Trance X E+

In the Giant e-MTB lineup, the next model up from the Stance E+ 2 is the Trance X E+ 3. It costs quite a bit more, coming in at $7,999 AUD at the time of writing.

The Trance X E+ 3 also features an alloy frame, but it’s built around the more complex Maestro suspension design. It’s equipped with 10mm more travel at each end, with a RockShox 35 Gold RL fork and a Deluxe Select R shock.

Giant also specs the Trance X E+ 3 with a more powerful SyncDrive Pro motor that produces a higher peak torque of 85Nm. That’s paired to a bigger 750Wh battery, making it possible to take on longer rides with more elevation gain.

As for components, the Trance X E+ 3 comes standard with a dropper post along with a Shimano 12-speed drivetrain and 4-piston brakes. All of those upgrades combined are no doubt worth the $1,700 AUD price increase, but really only for those who are doing more off-road riding. If you’re a recreational rider, the Stance E+ 2 is likely to give you everything you need, making it harder to justify the extra cost of going up to the Trance X E+ 3.

What about the competition?

As e-MTBs continue to improve and grow in popularity, there’s a greater range of choice in the entry-level end of the market. For a snapshot at what the competition looks like for the Giant Stance E+ 2, here’s a list of some of the more well-known bikes around a similar price point;

• Polygon Siskiu T6E – $5,499 AUD
• Giant Stance E+ 2 – $6,299 AUD
• Marin Rift Zone E – $6,499 AUD
• Merida eOne-Forty 400 – $6,499 AUD
• Norco Fluid VLT A2 – $7,499 AUD
• Trek Rail 5 – $7,499 AUD
• Giant Trance X E+ 3 – $7,999 AUD
• Specialized Levo Alloy – $8,400 AUD

While we haven’t reviewed all of those specific models before, we have tested many of the same platforms over the years. Each brand approaches things differently, not just in terms of the suspension package and geometry, but also with the motor, battery and user interface. If you’re keen to get a lay of the land, check out our e-MTB reviews section to see what options are out there.

Flow’s Verdict

Thanks to a suite of updates, the 2023 Giant Stance E+ 2 is an impressively capable e-MTB for the money. The alloy frame is well-made, the motor offers plenty of power, and the 625Wh battery delivers increased range over the old bike. Along with its boosted travel and updated geometry, the Stance E+ 2 provides a calm and comfortable ride quality that makes it a solid option for those who are looking to get their first full suspension e-MTB.

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Trek Electric Bikes Review

eBicycles score

In terms of principles, Trek is firmly grounded in producing bikes with high-quality craftsmanship, aiming to bring the joy of cycling to a broader audience. The fact that the company has four electric bikes speaks for itself. 

Trek started back in 1976 as a subsidiary of Roth Corporation, an appliance distributor based in Milwaukee. The founders, Richard Burke and Bevil Hogg, began to manufacture steel touring frames with the aspiration to rival Japanese and Italian-made bicycles that were dominating the market at that time.

Just as its name suggests, Trek is fully committed to bringing its riders to great adventures and even promises to take them to the edge of the horizon.

It’s also fitting that their place of origin, Waterloo, is home to the Waterloo Driving Park Association, where spirited residents gather for some old-time tough and gritty bicycle racing.

Throughout its long history, Trek has been fueled by its determination to provide the best and the most rugged bicycles for the adventurous spirits that form part of their heritage.

Overview of Trek Electric Bikes

Trek Bikes produce premium quality bikes all around the world.

Trek was founded with an established goal of building high-end bikes for the United States. Back in the day, all the good bikes came from European brands. This inspired Richard Burke and Bevil Hogg to take matters into their own hands. The solution? To make their own brand of bicycles.

Three years after its foundation, Trek sales came close to the $2,000,000-mark.

Now, Trek Bicycle Corporation is one of the world’s biggest bike companies.

The company offers models designed for Road, Mountain, and Urban biking. Trek is also renowned for making the bikes that Lance Armstrong rode to his number of victories in Tour De France.

In terms of their electric bike portfolio, Trek covers a wide range of frames, from amiable town bikes to more powerful road bikes and mountain bikes. Currently, the company sells 24 of these bikes with a price range between $1,500 to $12,000.

What We Like About Trek Electric Bikes

It is a given that Trek is very well-known when it comes to building bikes. However, this doesn’t mean that every giant company doesn’t have kinks in its armor.

This section will talk about the pros and cons of Trek e-bikes. Here to highlight the things we like about them and the points to consider before buying their e-bikes.

Reasons to buy:

• Trek produces high-quality bikes that can handle any type of weather and terrain .
• Most models are available in five different sizes for an optimal fit for each rider.
• Aside from their magnificent designs, Trek bikes boast high-quality frames and components .
• Massive collection of e-bikes span from hybrids, mountain bikes, and road bikes.
• The Bosch motor boasts top-notch performance while keeping its size and weight minimum.

Reasons to avoid:

• Some bicycles are overly expensive for an everyday e-bike.
• Some key components don’t come with the complete bike and are sold separately .

Popular Trek E-Bike Models

The company has a ton of bicycles underneath its belt and a compelling product line, market value, and spec sheet.

Trek has been in the biking industry for a long time, but it didn’t hold back on innovating the e-bike scene. Here is a brief overview of Trek’s e-bike categories and what you can expect to see in each one.

Hybrid & Commuter Trek E-Bikes

If you’re looking to commute by e-bike, run errands around town, or just go for a leisurely ride with friends and family, Trek’s hybrid and commuter e-bikes are for you.

They’re split into three categories (City & Hybrid, Commuter, Recreational) and consist of multiple model lines:

• Dual Sport+
• Electra Go! E-Bikes

FX+ and Dual Sport+ model families are what you would call typical hybrid electric bikes with Class 1 speeds and rear hub motors. They are available with step-over and step-through frames and provide dynamic performance and upright riding positions.

Related post:  Trek Verve+ 2 Review

On the other hand, Verve+ and Allant+ model lines are better-equipped city commuter bikes that cost a bit more but offer more in terms of features and speeds. They consist of Class 1 and Class 3 models powered by mid-drive motors and equipped with lights, fenders, rear racks, and even suspension forks on some ebikes.

Finally, Trek also offers Electra Go! electric bikes (Trek’s sister company), which consist of mid-drive and rear-hub drive e-bikes that fall into cruiser, city, and urban categories.

Shop Trek Hybrid E-Bikes

Trek Mountain E-Bikes

Trek’s electric mountain bikes provide ‘endless adventure’, as Trek puts it. The category consists of hardtail and full-suspension mountain e-bikes that will fit all different types of riders.

The selection includes XC bikes, trail bikes, and even enduro bikes. There are four model families you can choose from:

All of Trek’s mountain e-bikes are powered by trail-tough Bosch mid-drive motors and integrated batteries with up to 625 Wh of capacity. They have Class 1 capabilities and the batteries typically last up to 5 hours of continuous use.

The only downside of Trek’s e-mountain bikes is the pricing, as they typically cost between $6,000 and $14,000, though the Powerfly models are priced in the $3,000-$4,000 range.

Shop Trek Mountain E-Bikes

Trek Road E-Bikes

Finally, Trek makes some of the best electric road bikes on the market, but also some of the most expensive ones.

They are famous for providing a natural riding experience and only supplementing power instead of taking over. Therefore, you’ll be able to ride further and enjoy road biking just as you would on a traditional road bike.

Domane+ is the only model family in this category, though it comes in around a dozen variations, including road and gravel capable builds.

These are Class 1 and Class 3 capable e-bikes with Fazua Evation or TQ e-bike systems. All models are built around lightweight carbon frames, come with drop bars, 1x and 2x Shimano and SRAM drivetrains, and powerful hydraulic disc brakes.

Therefore, if you want to explore more or keep up on fast group rides, one of Trek’s road e-bikes is for you, if you can afford it.

Shop Trek Road E-Bikes

Trek E-Bike Classes, Motors, and Batteries

These bikes offer a lot of power and range from both their motor and battery.

The principle which the company is built upon is simple. That is to create a bicycle brand that is on par or even more significant than its European and Japanese counterparts back then. Now, they are one of the biggest bike companies in the whole world, so their grit and drive really paid off.

Trek is all about creating reliable bicycles that could take their customers to the next level of fun and enjoyment.

The company’s formula to success lies at their rigid standard of quality when it comes to their bikes. It ranges from steel, alloy, and carbon fiber, ensuring that it can take on any punishment it might receive when riding. They also didn’t hold back in choosing each component, as evidenced by their top-notch Bosch electric motors and Shimano parts.

When it comes to selling, the company won’t have any problems catering to your needs as they distribute their bicycles worldwide. What’s more? They even have 1,700 dealers in the U.S. alone. Their website also allows you to see the store closest to you, where you can view, test, and purchase their bikes.

Reliability and Durability

Trek Bikes use only the best quality materials so that their products can handle extreme terrains and any kind of weather.

Trek began with a vision from the two founders to build the best bicycles that the world had ever witnessed.

Thus, the company’s strict observance of the highest possible craftsmanship quality was born.

The company’s collection of bicycles typically receive rave reviews for their build quality. This applies to even their entry-level bikes, which at the price tag they’re sold at, isn’t always known to have the most premium components. Even if their price range generally makes their bikes a luxury, everything about it feels premium and durable when you get your hands on it.

As a testament to their bike’s quality, one Quora user shared that he almost managed to travel across Canada by riding an entry-level 1993 Trek 820 Antelope. This devotion to their founder’s vision endeared many cycling enthusiasts to the company and brand.

Frequently Asked Questions

If there’s anything that remained unanswered, here are some of the most frequently asked questions regarding Trek e-Bikes.

• Are Trek e-Bikes any good? 

Yes, Trek e-bikes follow the standard set by their conventional siblings. The excellent quality is a given. What makes it even better is that Trek is supported by a vast network of dealers to ensure that parts and maintenance are readily available.

• What happens if Trek e-bikes run out of battery?

If the battery on your Trek e-bike dies, you can no longer use the throttle, nor will you have the benefit of the pedal assist. However, you can still pedal the bike on your own, just like any regular bike.

• Where are Trek e-bikes manufactured?

Trek’s headquarters itself is located in Waterloo, Wisconsin. Still, the manufacturing happens outside the U.S., in countries such as the Netherlands, Taiwan, Germany, and China.

• How do I buy my own Trek e-bike?

Buying a Trek bike is an easy process. You can find the dealer or retailer closest to you using Trek’s Store Finder on their website. Alternatively, you can order them online and have the bike delivered to your address.

• What is the motor used on Trek e-bikes?

All of Trek’s e-bikes use Bosch electric motors . These are mid-drive pedal-assist electric motors meant to mimic a natural, consistent feel while pedaling.

Bottom Point — Who Are Trek E-Bikes For?

Trek Bikes provide the best e-bikes out there. Not only do they have sports bikes like mountain bikes, but they also provide high-quality city and hybrid bikes.

Trek creates their bicycles with the sole purpose of providing reliable vehicles for adventurous spirits. However, the company also caters to those who only want to get from point A to point B without hiccups.

The company offers a lineup of electrical bikes consisting of road bikes, commuter bikes, mountain bikes, and hybrid bikes. Sure, the price may prove to be high for some, but it will all pay off as soon as you see and feel the quality of each part of the bike.

Shop Trek Electric Bike Models

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The Unique Burial of a Child of Early Scythian Time at the Cemetery of Saryg-Bulun (Tuva)

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Pages:  379-406

In 1988, the Tuvan Archaeological Expedition (led by M. E. Kilunovskaya and V. A. Semenov) discovered a unique burial of the early Iron Age at Saryg-Bulun in Central Tuva. There are two burial mounds of the Aldy-Bel culture dated by 7th century BC. Within the barrows, which adjoined one another, forming a figure-of-eight, there were discovered 7 burials, from which a representative collection of artifacts was recovered. Burial 5 was the most unique, it was found in a coffin made of a larch trunk, with a tightly closed lid. Due to the preservative properties of larch and lack of air access, the coffin contained a well-preserved mummy of a child with an accompanying set of grave goods. The interred individual retained the skin on his face and had a leather headdress painted with red pigment and a coat, sewn from jerboa fur. The coat was belted with a leather belt with bronze ornaments and buckles. Besides that, a leather quiver with arrows with the shafts decorated with painted ornaments, fully preserved battle pick and a bow were buried in the coffin. Unexpectedly, the full-genomic analysis, showed that the individual was female. This fact opens a new aspect in the study of the social history of the Scythian society and perhaps brings us back to the myth of the Amazons, discussed by Herodotus. Of course, this discovery is unique in its preservation for the Scythian culture of Tuva and requires careful study and conservation.

Keywords: Tuva, Early Iron Age, early Scythian period, Aldy-Bel culture, barrow, burial in the coffin, mummy, full genome sequencing, aDNA

Information about authors: Marina Kilunovskaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir Semenov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Varvara Busova  (Moscow, Russian Federation).  (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Kharis Mustafin  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Irina Alborova  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Biological Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Alina Matzvai  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected]

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Savvino-storozhevsky monastery and museum.

Zvenigorod's most famous sight is the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, which was founded in 1398 by the monk Savva from the Troitse-Sergieva Lavra, at the invitation and with the support of Prince Yury Dmitrievich of Zvenigorod. Savva was later canonised as St Sabbas (Savva) of Storozhev. The monastery late flourished under the reign of Tsar Alexis, who chose the monastery as his family church and often went on pilgrimage there and made lots of donations to it. Most of the monastery’s buildings date from this time. The monastery is heavily fortified with thick walls and six towers, the most impressive of which is the Krasny Tower which also serves as the eastern entrance. The monastery was closed in 1918 and only reopened in 1995. In 1998 Patriarch Alexius II took part in a service to return the relics of St Sabbas to the monastery. Today the monastery has the status of a stauropegic monastery, which is second in status to a lavra. In addition to being a working monastery, it also holds the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum.

Belfry and Neighbouring Churches

Located near the main entrance is the monastery's belfry which is perhaps the calling card of the monastery due to its uniqueness. It was built in the 1650s and the St Sergius of Radonezh’s Church was opened on the middle tier in the mid-17th century, although it was originally dedicated to the Trinity. The belfry's 35-tonne Great Bladgovestny Bell fell in 1941 and was only restored and returned in 2003. Attached to the belfry is a large refectory and the Transfiguration Church, both of which were built on the orders of Tsar Alexis in the 1650s.  

To the left of the belfry is another, smaller, refectory which is attached to the Trinity Gate-Church, which was also constructed in the 1650s on the orders of Tsar Alexis who made it his own family church. The church is elaborately decorated with colourful trims and underneath the archway is a beautiful 19th century fresco.

Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is the oldest building in the monastery and among the oldest buildings in the Moscow Region. It was built between 1404 and 1405 during the lifetime of St Sabbas and using the funds of Prince Yury of Zvenigorod. The white-stone cathedral is a standard four-pillar design with a single golden dome. After the death of St Sabbas he was interred in the cathedral and a new altar dedicated to him was added.

Under the reign of Tsar Alexis the cathedral was decorated with frescoes by Stepan Ryazanets, some of which remain today. Tsar Alexis also presented the cathedral with a five-tier iconostasis, the top row of icons have been preserved.

Tsaritsa's Chambers

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is located between the Tsaritsa's Chambers of the left and the Palace of Tsar Alexis on the right. The Tsaritsa's Chambers were built in the mid-17th century for the wife of Tsar Alexey - Tsaritsa Maria Ilinichna Miloskavskaya. The design of the building is influenced by the ancient Russian architectural style. Is prettier than the Tsar's chambers opposite, being red in colour with elaborately decorated window frames and entrance.

At present the Tsaritsa's Chambers houses the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum. Among its displays is an accurate recreation of the interior of a noble lady's chambers including furniture, decorations and a decorated tiled oven, and an exhibition on the history of Zvenigorod and the monastery.

Palace of Tsar Alexis

The Palace of Tsar Alexis was built in the 1650s and is now one of the best surviving examples of non-religious architecture of that era. It was built especially for Tsar Alexis who often visited the monastery on religious pilgrimages. Its most striking feature is its pretty row of nine chimney spouts which resemble towers.

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